Body Organs Research Articles

Effects of a novel synbiotics-enzyme complex as a replacement for antibiotics on growth performance, slaughter and meat characteristics, immune organ index, and intestinal morphology of broilers.

Antibiotic use in broilers is being discouraged globally due to the challenges it poses. This study was conducted to assess the effects of supplementing broilers with a Symbiotic-Enzyme complex (SEC) containing prebiotics (mannose oligosaccharides), probiotics (Clostridium butyricum and Bacillus subtilis), and enzymes (glucose oxidase, and α-galactosidase) as an alternative to antibiotics on growth performance, carcass and meat quality traits, mortality, linear body measurements, intestinal morphology and immune organ indexes. A total of 864 mixed-sex 1-day-old arbor acres (AA+) broilers were allocated to 8 experimental groups replicated 9 times with 12 chickens per replicate. These included 6 treatment groups with SEC inclusion levels of 0.025, 0.04, 0.05, 0.06, 0.08, and 0.10%, respectively, and two control groups: a negative control group containing a basal diet only and the positive control group (Antibiotics group) containing a basal diet and antibiotic oxytetracycline added at 0.2%. Growth performance was measured on day 21 and 42, and the mortality, carcass, meat quality traits, linear body measurements, intestinal morphology, and organ size indexes were measured on day 42. The results indicated that supplementing broilers with 0.1% SEC resulted in insignificant (P > 0.05) increases in average daily feed intake (ADFI), significant (P < 0.05) increases in the average daily gains (ADG), and significant (P < 0.05) reduction in a feed-to-gain ratio (F/G) in all the phases compared to the control and antibiotics groups. Supplementation of broilers with 0.1% SEC inclusion levels also significantly (P < 0.05) increased the body slope length, chest width, chest depth, keel length, and shank circumference. Furthermore, broilers on diets containing 0.1% SEC inclusion level also had significantly (P < 0.05) higher dressed, semi-evisceration, evisceration, and breast muscle percentages. Including SEC at 0.1% also significantly (P < 0.05) increased villus height and villus-to-crypt ratio (V/C) but reduced crypt depth in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum compared to the control groups. SEC inclusion at 0.1% significantly (P < 0.05) increased the spleen, bursal, and thymus indexes, respectively. Supplementation of broilers with 0.1% SEC can be used as an antibiotic alternative because it increases the F/G, improves the carcass and meat quality, increases the body conformation, improves the small intestines' functions, and immune organ size.

Toxicologic Profile and Anti-Nociceptive Effect of Two Semi-Synthetic Triterpene Derivatives from Combretum Leprosum in Mice

Abstract Background and aim: Combretum leprosum Mart. serves as a medicinal plant in traditional Brazilian medicine. The beneficial effects of C. leprosum Mart. are attributed to the triterpene, 3β,6β,16β-trihydroxylup-20(29)-ene (CL-1). Herein we evaluate the toxicity of two semi-synthetic derivatives from CL-1 (CL-P2 and CL-P2A) in vitro and in vivo, and determine the efficacy in zymosan-induced writhing response and the putative mechanism of action. Experimental procedure: Toxicity prediction was assessed using the PROTOX-II and ADMETlab 2.0 prediction tools, and SMILES codes for structure identification. In vitro cytotoxicity of the derivatives was tested using the sulforhodamine B assay in L929 and HaCaT cells at 24, 48, and 72 h. Mice received (oral gavage) CL-P2 or CL-P2A (10 mg/kg/d) for 14 days in in vivo toxicity assays. Blood samples and organs (stomach, liver, and kidneys) were collected for AST/ALT level determination and H&amp;E staining, respectively. The anti-nociceptive effect of CL-P2 and CL-P2A (0.1, 1, or 10 mg/kg) was evaluated in the zymosan-induced writhing response. The peritoneal exudate was collected to determine myeloperoxidase (MPO) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and nitrite concentration. Results: CL-P-2 and CL-P2A derivatives exhibited low cytotoxicity and did not change body mass, AST/ALT levels, or organ weight. The histopathologic analysis did not reveal significant changes in organs. Both derivatives inhibited the writhing response in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, both derivatives failed to reduce MPO activity. However, CL-P2A increased SOD activity and CL-P2 decreased nitrite/nitrate levels. Conclusion: CL-P2 and CL-P2A were shown to exhibit anti-nociceptive effects without toxicity. Our data suggest that CL-P2 and CL-P2A efficacy is mediated, at least in part, via antioxidant activity by modulating nitrite/nitrate levels and SOD activity, respectively.

A TA/Cu2+ Nanoparticle Enhanced Carboxymethyl Chitosan-Based Hydrogel Dressing with Antioxidant Properties and Promoting Wound Healing.

As the first line of immune defense and the largest organ of body, skin is vulnerable to damage caused by surgery, burns, collisions and other factors. Wound healing in the skin is a long and complex physiological process that is influenced by a number of different factors. Proper wound care can greatly improve the speed of wound healing and reduce the generation of scars. However, traditional wound dressings (bandages, gauze, etc.) often used in clinical practice have a single function, lack of active ingredients and are limited in use. Hydrogels with three-dimensional network structure are a potential biomedical material because of their physical and chemical environment similar to extracellular matrix. In particular, hydrogel dressings with low price, good biocompatibility, degradability, antibacterial and angiogenic activity are favored by the public. Here, a carboxymethyl chitosan-based hydrogel dressing (CMCS-TA/Cu2+) reinforced by copper ion crosslinked tannic acid (TA/Cu2+) nanoparticles was developed. This study investigated the physical and chemical characteristics, cytotoxicity, and angiogenesis of TA/Cu2+ nanoparticles and CMCS-TA/Cu2+ hydrogels. Furthermore, a full-thickness skin defect wound model was employed to assess the in vivo wound healing capacity of hydrogel dressings. The introduction of TA/Cu2+ nanoparticles not only could increase the mechanical properties of the hydrogel but also continuously releases copper ions to promote cell migration (the cell migration could reach 92% at 48 h) and tubule formation, remove free radicals and promote wound healing (repair rate could reach 90% at 9 days). Experiments have proved that CMCS-TA/Cu2+ hydrogel has good cytocompatibility, antioxidant and wound healing ability, providing an advantageous solution for skin repair.

COVID-19 pandemic period - adverse drug reactions reporting, observing, assessing and analysis at tertiary care teaching hospital, IMS-BHU Varanasi – 3-years observational study

Background: Effects of drugs that are undesirable and beyond their therapeutic effect are labeled as adverse drug reactions (ADRs). These often lead to increase hospital stay, repeated hospitalization, adversely affecting the quality of life, and perhaps, one of the causes of mortality making it a chief challenge in modern health-care system. This observational study analyzed and summarized details linked to ADRs identification, reporting, severity, treatment, and preventive measures for health professionals. Aims and Objectives: The objectives of the study are to assess and evaluate demographic profile, drug prescribed with its dosage, clinical findings, seriousness, outcome, causality, and organ system affected by concerned ADRs. Materials and Methods: An observational prospective study analyzing submitted ADRs mentioned in individual case safety reports (ICSR), mentioning demographics profile, suspected drug, involved bodily organ system, causality and reaction severity in different age groups of indoor and outdoor patients reported from 2020 January to 2022 December at ADR monitoring center, Department of Pharmacology, IMS-BHU. Performa used for ADRs reporting is ICSR, which later on transferred to the Indian database (VigiFlow) for data collection and analysis. Results: Total 1096 ADRs were identified and reported in 36-month duration, with male (629/1096) to female (466/1096) ratio of 1.35:1. On age group analysis, 74.8% (820/1096) adults (18–59 years) followed by 23.4% (256/1096) elderly (&gt;59 years) and only 1.8% (20/1096) children and adolescents (&lt;17 years) cases were found. Endocrine system was the most common organ system affected with 27.9% case (306/1096), succeeded by 25.4% (278/1096). ADRs were linked to the gastrointestinal system and 15.69% (172/1096) cases were related to dermatological problems. Antimicrobial drugs were most involved group, which on further analyzing and classifying revealed majority of ADRs were related to antiviral drugs, followed by antibiotics with 27.2% (298/1096) and 23.4% (257/1096) cases, respectively. Antiallergic and antifungal drug groups were found be least involved with only 1.6% (17/1096) cases each. On assessment of causality, majority of ADRs were possible in 60.40% (662/1096) cases and probable in 39.14% (429/1096) cases. Conclusion: Occurrence of ADRs is very common and perhaps a serious concern regarding well-being and safety of public as may lead to non-serious to serious health problems. This observational study identified the need of increased awareness of ADR monitoring, reporting and benefits, to fulfill the space created by under-reporting, especially in geriatrics and pediatric age group patients. A detail evaluation and removal of the barriers so that all the patients may easily approach for spontaneous reporting of side effects after start usage of any medicinal product, if any. In addition, surveillance studies emphasizing on reporting are essential for early recognition, detection, and avoidance of ADRs leading to appropriate with safe usage of drugs.

Clinicopathological studies on ulcerative lymphangitis in cattle: Alterations in serum inflammatory cytokines, anti-microbial, organs functions, and oxidative stress-related biomarkers.

Affection with Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis (C. pseudotuberculosis) and development of cellulitis and/or abscess formation with cutaneous lymphangitis in cattle is rare to some extent, so literature about the biochemical changes that would accompany this infection is rare. In this context, the present study was designed to screen the effect of the infection with C. pseudotuberculosis cutaneous lymphangitis on the release of some immune molecules, organ functions, and redox state in Baladi cows. Fourteen Baladi cows from a small dairy farm in El-Behira, Egypt, were selected to complete this study. After bacteriological culture confirmation, seven of them were found suffering from cutaneous lesions due to infection with C. pseudotuberculosis (Diseased group), while the others were healthy (Healthy group). Serum samples were obtained to evaluate the presumptive changes in some clinicopathological parameters. Serum analysis revealed a significant decrease in the levels of interferon-gamma and interleukin-17 as well as a significant decrement in the concentration of beta-defensin (β-defensin) and lipocalin-2. While serum level of interleukin-10 recorded a significant increase in these animals when compared to healthy control animals. Concurrently, the affected animals recorded a significant elevation in serum levels of hepato-cardiac enzymes, urea, and creatinine in addition to disturbance in the serum redox state. In conclusion, infection with C. pseudotuberculosis cattle may disturb the defensive immune state, body organ function, and redox state of the animals.

Health Benefits of Organic Fruits that Resemble Body Organs

Health Benefits of Organic Fruits that Resemble Body Organs

The role of gut microbacta on mental health: The gut-brain axis - A Review

In recent years, the relationship between gut microbiota and mental health has gained significant attention. Several research articles have explored and confirmed the state of one’s gut has a significant impact on mental health. It is paramount to acknowledge that, aside from the brain and central nervous system (CNS), gut microbiota impacts several vital body organs and systems, including the liver, heart, kidneys, lungs, skin, endocrine system, metabolic system, digestive system, immune system, and skeletal system. The state of your gut health is directly proportional to your overall health and well-being. This review aims to explore the emerging evidence linking gut microbiota to mental health, including depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, autism, and cognitive function. We aim to elucidate how gut microbiota influences the brain through the gut-brain axis, emphasizing the potential for microbiota-targeted interventions in mental health treatments/management.

Hypertransaminasemia: Incidence and its Clinical Correlations in Patients with COVID-19 Infection

Background: coronavirus-19 disease recently emerged as a global pandemic affecting the respiratory system. However, during the course of the illness, the disease can directly or indirectly involve other body organs including the liver. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the incidence of hepatic involvement and its clinical significance in COVID-19 patients. Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional single-center study was conducted on 112 patients who have an infection with Covid 19 (proved by polymerase chain reaction). Depending on infection severity, patients were categorized into three groups (according to the guidelines of the Chinese National Health Committee): mild, moderate, and severe cases. Blood samples were collected from each patient and liver function tests were conducted. Abnormal hepatic enzyme was considered when any enzyme (alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, and alkaline phosphatase) was more than the upper normal laboratory value. Categorical variables were presented as numbers and percentages and analyzed with a Chi-square test. A P≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Sixty-six patients (58.93%) had normal liver enzymes, while the other 46 (41.07%) had abnormal liver enzymes. The mean age of patients with elevated liver enzymes was 45.17±11.93 years which was significantly higher than that of normal liver enzymes patients (38.92±13.47 years). In severe cases, 45.65% of patients had elevated liver enzyme compared with 43.48% in moderate group and 10.87 % in mild group. Conclusions: Acute liver injury as indicated by hypertransaminasemia is a frequent finding in COVID-19 patients. Elderly patients with moderate to severe COVID-19 are more prone to hepatic involvement. Received: May, 2022 Accepted: July, 2023 Published: Jan 2024

Relation between apolipoprotein e in alzheimer's disease and sars-cov-2 and their treatment strategy: A review.

COVID-19, which primarily affects the pulmonary system, turned out to be a global pandemic, whereas the effects on other systems are still unknown. SARS-CoV-2, binds to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors in the lungs, causing pneumonia-like symptoms. The same ACE receptors are also present in organs other than the lungs. Therefore, there is a need to study the impact of coronavirus on other human body organs. Recently, UK Biobank reports on the genetic risk factor of the virus attack. A double mutation in the apolipoprotein E (APOE4) allele has shown a significant role in COVID-19. The same APOE4 mutation has already been proven to hold a key role in developing early-onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD). Despite this data, Alzheimer's disease is believed to be a comorbidity of COVID-19. Previous virus attacks on the same viral family, Coronaviridae, produced neurological effects like neurodegeneration, neuronal inflammation, and other central nervous system-related dysfunctions. Since the long-term implications of COVID-19 are unknown, more research into the impact of the virus on the central nervous system is needed. Both COVID-19 and AD share a common genetic factor, so that AD patients may have a greater risk of SARS-CoV-2. Here, in this review, we have briefly discussed the role of APOE4 in the pathogenesis of AD and SARS-CoV-2, along with their treatment strategy, current scenario, and possible future directions.

SUBJECT REVIEW PHASES OF SUGAR METABOLISM AND THE EFFECT OF HORMONES ON IT

Sugar metabolism is the biochemical processes that imply formation, breakdown, and conversion of sugar in human body. Several biological processes are involved during Sugar metabolism. This report discusses comprehensively both sugar metabolism phases and digestion pathways. The biological activities related to sugar metabolism in every relevant human body organs, chemical reactions, hormones and enzymes effects, transport routes and absorption mechanisms have been highlighted.

Evaluation of resistin, prolactin, and aromatase in women with breast cancer

Cancer is a group of diseases characterized by uncontrolled cell division leading to growth of abnormal tissue, it is a common term for tumors that affect the body's organs, which are the two types of benign tumors and malignant tumors (which are known as carcinoid tumors). A distinction is made between them by examining the tissue (taking a sample). Breast cancer (BC) is formed due to a change in the functioning and growth of cells that make up breast tissue without the ability to control it, which turns them into cancer cells with the ability of these cells to spread. The aims of the study were to evaluate serum levels of resistin (RST), prolactin (PRL), aromatase (ARO), in women with breast cancer and compared with apparently healthy women (control). This study is a cross-sectional, hospital-based study, the protocol of this study was approved by the scientific committee of Tikrit University College of Medicine, and the agreement of the attendance to Kirkuk Oncology Center, Kirkuk general hospital to collect the sample from the patients was approved by the Kirkuk Health Directorate. This study was carried out at the Oncology Center in Kirkuk City-Iraq from the beginning of December 2022 to the end of May 2023. The subject enrolled in the study were divided into (44) breast cancer women and (42) apparently healthy women as control In Kirkuk city. The highest percentage of age for women with BC equal to (34.1%) in the age group (50-59) years, with mean age, was 48.7 years and the statistical tests data obtained showed: highest significant elevation of RST, PRL, and ARO level in women with BC were 6.8±1.8 ng/ml, 58.7±8.4 ng/ml, and 1.5±0.4 pg/ml as compared to control group 4.4±0.5 ng/ml, 24.4±7.2 ng/ml, and 0.4±0.2 pg/ml respectively at (p&lt;0.001). The present study conclude that levels of resistin, prolactin, and aromatase dismutase were significantly higher in women with breast cancer compared to the control.

Comparative Analysis of Baseline Vnet and Unet Architectures on Pancreas Segmentation

The pancreas is one of the vital organs in the human body. It has an essential role in the digestive system and endocrine system. Diseases such as cancer, diabetes, hormonal problems, pancreatitis, and digestive problems occur in pancreatic disorders. In detecting pancreatic disorders, first blood and urine tests are requested. If further examination is needed, CT (Computed Tomography), MR (Magnetic Resonance), and EUS (Endoscopic Ultrasonography) imaging methods are used. Pancreas segmentation is generally the process of defining and drawing the lines of the pancreas from medical images such as CT and MRI. The size and shape of the pancreas varies from person to person. Manual segmentation of the pancreas is time-consuming and varies between physicians. Recently, deep learning-based segmentation methods that achieve high-performance results in organ segmentation have become trendy. In this study, Unet and Vnet architectures were comparatively analyzed on the NIH-CT-82 dataset. As a result of the ablation studies, a validation sensitivity of 0.9978 and a validation loss of 0.041 were obtained in the Unet architecture. In the training with the Vnet architecture, 0.9975 validation sensitivity and 0.046 validation loss values were obtained, respectively.

Unleashing the Potential: Apple Peel Extract as a Resilient and Future-proof Immunomodulatory Solution for Body Weight, and Organ Weight Optimization

Unleashing the Potential: Apple Peel Extract as a Resilient and Future-proof Immunomodulatory Solution for Body Weight, and Organ Weight Optimization

Evaluation of gingival crevicular fluid volume with periopapers in patients who have recovered from COVID-19 infections

Aim: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) reportedly affects many body tissues and organs and is detectable in body fluids, such as saliva and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF). Additionally, COVID-19 can cause an increased GCF volume (GCFV). This study investigated GCFV in patients with a history of COVID-19 infection using periopapers. Methodology: This study included 50 patients (25 males and 25 females) aged 21–69 years who were considered periodontally healthy and had a history of COVID-19 infection. GCF was collected from the central incisors’ buccal sites using paper strips, and GCFV was calculated using a Periotron 8000. Results: In patients with a history of COVID-19, the mean GCFV for all patients was 0.5226 ± 0.11 µl. The mean was 0.5208 ± 0.1011 µl in men and 0.5244 ± 0.1261 µl in women. No significant difference was found between the two genders regarding GCFV. Conclusion: Regarding GCFV, no significant difference was found between individuals with a history of COVID-19 infection and those with no history of COVID-19 infection. How to cite this article: Üner DD, İzol BS. Evaluation of gingival crevicular fluid volume with periopapers in patients who have recovered from COVID-19 infections. Int Dent Res 2023;13(3):119-24. https://doi.org/10.5577/intdentres.492 Linguistic Revision: The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.

Perancangan Sistem Pengenalan Organ Tubuh Manusia Menggunakan Diagram Activity

The human body organ recognition information system is one of the fields of medical science that studies the structure of the human body. As humans, we really need to know our own organs. The reason is, by knowing and understanding every part of our body, we can know a healthy lifestyle and care more about maintaining a healthy body. The problem here is that the introduction of human organs done in 2D is less attractive so that students get bored studying the parts of the human body. The purpose of this research is to improve the learning system for the introduction of human organs by designing an information system using activity diagrams which will later be continued towards Android-based software and in its manufacture using the Unified Modeling Language (UML) method, using the StarUML application. The result of this research is that a system for recognizing human organs made in activity diagrams using StarUML software has been completed and is very well made.

Human Trafficking (Prostitution) Interpretation of QS An-Nur 33

Trading humans (Human Trafficking) is increasingly crowded in various developing countries, including Indonesia. Women and children often become objects in trading humans because group women and children are considered as more people. Trading goals man Not only For prostitution or form exploitation sexual others but also includes form other exploits such as slavery, workforce, labour children, even selling body organs. Activity trading men like this often start from activity and later migration exploited by unscrupulous individuals, even a group of people who aren't moral and don't have enough mature thinking&#x0D; .

Spermatogenic arrest in guinea pig (Cavia porcellus) after administration of Abrus precatourius seeds

Abrus precatorius seeds are said to possess fertility regulating activity. Hence, the50% alcoholic extract of seeds at doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg b.w. administered orally for 60 days to 03 groups (does wise) each includes 05 male Guniea pigs. First group served as control (vehicle treated). After 60 days of feeding of doses the body and genital organ weight were noted histopathological changes were observed in genital organs such as testes, epididymes and vasa deferentia and compared with control animals. The body and genital organ weight were not much affected. A significant weight reduction of genital organ was noted. At higher doses, an arrest of spermatogenesis was observed at various stages in sominiferous tubules. No mature spermatozoa could be seen in somniferous tubular lumen. The epididymes and vasa deferentia were also devoid of spermatozoa. It is concluded that at higher doses, the treated male G. pigs became a zoospermic. It is clearly indicated that the seeds of this plant has potentiality to arrest spermatogenesis in male and thus regulate the fertility of male animals.

Presentations, diagnosis, treatment and outcome of complicated liver hydatid cysts: from an endemic area

Background: Hydatid cysts (HC) can involve all organs of the human body but most often in the liver (77% to 50%) and lungs (35%18%). (HC) is endemic in certain areas of the world as in the Middle and Far East, Iran, Australia, New Zealand, and South America. (HC) remains a considerable public health problem. Methods: In a retrospective study was carried out in north of Iran Guilan Provence. A total of 322 patients who were operated on for 382 (HC in the liver between 2016 to 2020 were evaluated. Patients were divided in tow group complicated (HC) in 87 patients and uncomplicated (HC) in 235 patients.frank intra-abdominal in 15 and frank Intrabiliary rupture in 14, occult Intrabiliary rupture in 32, cyst infection in15, intrapleural and intraparachimal rupturein 10 patients. Results: The patient’s gender included 72% were men and 28% were women with a median age of 18 to 64 years. Abdominal ultrasound, computed tomography, MRCPand ERCP were the diagnosis tools. In interapleural or intraparachymal rupture thoracotomy and laparotomy performed with evacuatin and omentoplaty, capitonnage and decortication.in trapricardial rupture thoracoyomr and pricadiotomy and laparotomy and omentoplasry, pricystectomy or capitonnage was performed There was one mortality. The postoperative morbidity was in 28 patients in complicated cysts and 12 in uncomplicated cysts. Conclusion: Complicated hydatid cyst of the liver can be successfully managed surgically with good long-term results. Complicated liver echinococcosis demonstrates several distinct features that differentiate it from the noncomplicated disease. Frequently severe clinical manifestations, complexity of surgical management, and the increased postoperative complications characterize complicated liver echinococcal disease

Changes in Biochemical Components of Obesity in Wistar Rats Fed Mentha Piperita-Supplemented High-Fat Diet

The research is designed to assess changes in biochemical components of obesity in Wistar rats fed peppermint-supplemented high-fat diet. Twenty (20) female Wistar rats of about 117.88±10.82g were divided into four (4) groups of five (5) rats each and randomly assigned to the formulated diets. The groups had similar average weights. Groups A and B were fed standard diet and High-fat diet respectively, while groups C and D were respectively fed 4% peppermint-supplemented standard diet and 4% peppermint-supplemented high-fat diet. The changes in weight and blood glucose level were monitored on weekly basis. At the end of six (6) weeks of the experiment, organ to body weight ratio, serum insulin level and HOMA-IR were determined. Markers of hepatic functions (transaminases, total bilirubin, albumin, globulin, conjugated bilirubin and total protein), markers of renal functions (electrolyte concentrations, urea and creatinine), serum activities of antioxidant enzymes (catalase, glutathione peroxidase, reduced glutathione and superoxide dismutase) and serum concentrations of malondialdehyde (MDA) were also determined. No significant (p≤0.05) differences were observed among the groups in weight gain, organ to body weight ratio, blood glucose levels, activities of antioxidant enzymes and serum MDA concentrations. The group fed 4% peppermint-supplemented high-fat diet had significantly (p≤0.05) higher activities of ALT, AST, total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol but significantly (p≤0.05) lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol when compared with the group fed standard diet or high-fat diet. Serum creatinine and bicarbonate were significantly (p≤0.05) lower in the group fed 4% peppermint-supplemented high-fat diet compared with the group fed the standard diet. It is therefore concluded that including peppermint leaf powder in the diet for a period of 6 weeks may not have a significant impact on the body weight, organ development and glucose utilisation. However, it is important to note that consumption of high-fat diet supplemented with peppermint might lead to dyslipidemia, liver and kidney dysfunctions without altering oxidative balance in Wistar rats.

Therapy Using CAR-T Cells for Lung Cancer: Mechanism, Application and Further Development

Cancer, a formidable medical challenge, arises when body cells proliferate uncontrollably, deviating from their normal growth patterns. With over a hundred unique types, each variant of cancer is characterized by its specific causes, symptoms, and treatment modalities. Virtually no organ or tissue in the human body is immune to the potential onslaught of this disease. Among the myriad of treatments available, CAR-T cell therapy stands out as a revolutionary approach, especially in the realm of lung cancer treatment. This cutting-edge immunotherapy harnesses the body's own immune system to combat cancerous cells. This review delves deep into the intricacies of CAR-T cell therapy, elucidating its underlying mechanism and its specific role in targeting lung cancer. Furthermore, the article sheds light on the current applications of this therapy, its potential side effects, and its prospective advancements, offering hope for a future where lung cancer can be more effectively managed or even eradicated.