Fragmented Body Research Articles

The impact fretting corrosion behavior and damage mechanism of Inconel 690TT under different impact forces in high temperature pressurized water

The impact fretting corrosion of Inconel 690TT under different impact forces was investigated. The results indicated that there was a competitive relationship between formation of third body layer (TBL) and fragmentation of TBL caused by impact force. With the increase of impact forces, damage mechanism changed from adhesive wear to delamination wear, and crack initiation sites gradually shifted from TBL to internal oxidation zone in tribologically transformed structure (TTS) layer. Nanocrystalline boundaries and defects induced by impact force provided channels for internal oxidation. The formation mechanism of TTS was the combined effect of continuous dynamic recrystallization (cDRX) and twin-assisted cDRX.

Navigating the Complexity: The Sustainability Challenges in Global Value Chains

The global value chain (GVC) framework may provide a systematic approach to depict and advance sustainable path options at the global, national, and local scales. However, a coherent picture of the fragmented body of knowledge on the sustainability implications of GVCs is lacking. In an attempt to delineate the most effective perspective for addressing sustainability challenges within GVCs, this review explores the main academic streams that have emerged in response to the pressing need for detailed insights into GVCs. These academic streams include sociological, economic, and management approaches. We examine the intersections and distinctions among them, evaluating whether they converge or diverge in addressing sustainability within GVCs. By discussing the limitations and potential of these approaches, we suggest a possible integrated and appropriate research agenda to achieve an encompassing and still operative perspective to address current sustainability challenges.

Recession of Deimos from Mars: A cosmological interpretation

Phobos and Deimos, the two moons of Mars, are believed to have originated in the fragmentation of a primordial body while in a synchronous orbit between 1 and 2.7 × 109 years ago. The recession of Deimos to its current position is consistent with the hypothesis that cosmological expansion, as described by the Hubble velocity‐distance relationship, operates at the local level.

Understanding copycat packaging: a systematic review and research directions

Purpose The literature on copycat packaging has developed intermittently over a 30-year period, resulting in a divergent and fragmented body of knowledge. This paper aims to synthesise the extant literature to highlight the main developments in the marketing, legal and design fields and, in doing so, contributes to a holistic understanding of the research area and suggests directions for future research. Design/methodology/approach A systematic literature search retrieved 5,862 articles, and after filtering against explicit criteria, 49 studies were reviewed. These articles were subsequently evaluated and interpreted, producing a synthesis of current research. Findings The constructs of copycat packaging, including similarity-related concepts, consequences of copycat packaging and mitigating approaches, have been reported across three disciplines of marketing, legal and design, each having its own distinct focus but nonetheless sharing overlapping themes. Research limitations/implications This review discusses future directions and proposes a framework of research themes relating to brand enhancement for online purchasing, measurement of brand confusion, reinforcing design features and approaches to mitigating copycat practices. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first systematic review of the literature on copycat packaging. It brings together the latest thinking on copycat packaging and identifies distinct research issues to be addressed in future studies.

An investigation of CO generation path upon loading coal from perspective of macromolecular simulation.

CO is a hazardous and pollutant gas that can be produced in many scenarios of coal-related operations. The study mainly investigated CO production process and mechanism when coal is subject to external forces. The effects of coal type, particle size, temperature, and inlet atmosphere on CO production from coal body fragmentation were investigated through coal loading experiments. Materials Studio software was used to carry out coal macromolecular mechanics simulation and molecular dynamics simulation, and the gas production mechanism of coal under loading was explored at the molecular level. It was found that under air atmosphere, the low degree of deterioration, small particle size, and elevated temperature are all more likely to cause coal samples to fragment and decompose to produce CO. The carbonyl group in the molecular structure of coal is shed or broken free radical fragments react with oxygen which may lead to CO formation.

Artificial intelligence and decision-making in government functions: opportunities, challenges and future research

Purpose Artificial intelligence (AI) has received much attention due to its promethean-like powers to transform the management and delivery of public sector services. Due to the proliferation of research articles in this context, research to date is fragmented into research streams based on different types of AI technologies or a specific government function of the public sector (e.g. health, education). The purpose of this study is to synthesize this literature, identify challenges and opportunities, and offer a research agenda that guides future inquiry. Design/methodology/approach This paper aggregates this fragmented body of knowledge by conducting a systematic literature review of AI research in public sector organisations in the Chartered Association of Business Schools (CABS)-ranked journals between 2012 and 2023. Findings The search strategy resulted in the retrieval of 2,870 papers, of which 61 were identified as primary papers relevant to this research. These primary papers are mapped to the ten classifications of the functions of government as classified by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), and the reported challenges and benefits aggregated. Originality/value This study advances knowledge by providing a state-of-the-art of AI research based the OECD classifications of government functions, reporting of claimed benefits and challenges and providing a research agenda for future research.

Piece by piece-a computer-aided method for virtual re-association of commingled fragmented remains.

Mass disasters with highly fragmented bodies represent a major challenge for the disaster victim identification (DVI) teams.Using CT-scans of the fragments, a virtual re-association method could enhance the DVI process and reduce the number of genetic analysis required.A laboratory setting using porcine femurs shown that the VRA process could start earlier and was faster than the physical re-association.Although methodological limits were highlighted, and the efficiency of the method has to be re-evaluated, the controlled bombing showed that the VRA could be applied in a real case scenario.

Triaxial-mechanical and permeability properties of coal body under varying CO2 pressures

The sequestration of CO2 in coal seams has become an effective way to curb greenhouse-gas emissions. Coal mechanics and permeability properties are key factors affecting the safe sequestration of CO2 in coal seams, and both are significantly affected by the CO2 injection pressure. In this study, triaxial compression-permeability tests were conducted on coal under varying CO2 and limited confining pressures using a measurement system to determine the coupled mechanical properties and adsorption permeability of coal. The effects of CO2 pressure on the mechanical properties and evolution of coal permeability were investigated. A three-dimensional statistical damage constitutive model of coal that considers CO2 adsorption damage was established. The results showed that the stress–strain curve of the coal was divided into four stages. During the first two stages, the amplitudes of the permeability changes were small, whereas at the peak stress point, a permeability “jump” phenomenon occurred, after which an increase in stress resulted in a slower amplitude increase in permeability. The CO2 pressure had an evident damage-deterioration effect on the mechanical properties of the coal samples, and the primary failure characteristic was shearing damage. The higher the CO2 pressure, the higher the degree of internal fragmentation and fracture network complexity of the coal body. During the triaxial compression-permeability experiment, the normalized permeability of the coal samples tended to increase slowly, followed by a rapid increase and back to a slow increase. However, with increasing CO2 pressure, the initial permeability of the coal samples decreased, whereas the normalized permeability increased sharply. The rationality and accuracy of the constitutive model were verified by comparing the established constitutive model and test stress–strain curves of the coal samples. The results of this study can provide theoretical references for CO2 geological storage and facilitate the selection of appropriate CO2 injection pressures.

Contribution of different electron-capture mechanisms in the fragmentation of CO23+ upon slow ion-molecule collision

Abstract We present recoil ion - projectile ion coincidence study on the three body fragmentation of CO23+ ion into C+ + O+ + O+ fragments upon impact with
Ar3+, Ar6+ and Ar8+ projectile ions having the same velocity of vp = 0.49 a.u. (atomic units) using recoil ion momentum imaging technique. The kinetic energy
release (KER) distributions are presented and effect of different electron-capture associated processes such as pure capture, electron capture followed by target ionization or projectile auto-ionization is discussed based on the analysis of KER corresponding to different final projectile charge state post collision. As the capture stabilization increased the relative yields in the KER distribution are found to decrease in the high KER side for low charged Ar3+ impact, while an increase is observed for Ar6+ and Ar8+ impacts. We discussed the interplay between electron-capture, projectile auto-ionization and target ionization for the dominance of particular process. We also observed a low-KER feature around 15 eV which was observed for electron
and proton impacts, which was not yet observed for highly charged ion impacts

Numerical Multifield Coupling Model of Stress Evolution and Gas Migration: Application of Disaster Prediction and Mining Sustainability Development

At present, coal mining is gradually shifting towards deep areas, and coal mines under deep mining conditions are more prone to coal and gas outburst accidents. In this research, we aim to explain the causes and mechanisms of dynamic disasters, which are caused by the combined action of static load, gas, and dynamic load on tectonic regions in complex stress field environments. Through numerical simulation using COMSOL Multiphysics software, based on the geological conditions of a mine in Jilin Province, it was found that faults lead to abnormal stress in tectonic regions. The combined action of dynamic and static loads results in excessive stress, causing the fragmentation and displacement of the coal body, leading to coal mine disasters, thus disrupting sustainability. Additionally, the coal matrix gas entering fractures raises the gas pressure and leads to the accumulation of methane near earthquake sources. Dynamic loads accelerate gas desorption in coal and increase porosity and permeability, facilitating rapid gas migration. This influx of gas into the roadways exceeds safety limits. Then, based on these findings and on-site conditions, a set of sustainable measures for coal mines has been proposed. This research offers theoretical guidance for enhancing safety, stability, and sustainability in coal mining processes.

A Comprehensive guide to Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) and application to individual electricity demand

Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) have become a popular research topic in many research fields in the last decade. The fragmented body of knowledge on GANs drives researchers to a trial-and-error procedure while choosing the right GAN for a given task. This study provides a comprehensive guide on GANs, where we start with considering problems such as nonconvergence, mode collapse, vanishing gradient, and unstable training. We then compare various GANs concerning the application perspective, their outputs, and evaluation metrics. In addition, we suggest using a new evaluation metric to identify the best candidate of GANs for time series tasks, the so-called average coverage error (ACE). Finally, we discuss the application of the ACE using the electricity consumption of an individual industry customer and display significant selection criteria. The ACE is beneficial in identifying the best GANs by comparing outcomes and reduces the computational cost of searching related to the evaluation metrics.

Organizational change towards the circular economy: A systematic review of the literature

AbstractScholars have long studied how organizations can transition towards greater sustainability, but it is only recently that they have begun to investigate a fundamentally new stream in sustainability thinking: the circular economy paradigm. Instead of the ‘make‐use‐dispose’ approach of a linear economy, a circular economy aims at eliminating waste and avoiding damage to the environment by closing resource loops. Given the recent surge of scholarly interest in the ways in which organizations can change towards working in a more circular way, it is important and timely to verify what scholars have learnt, what remains contested, and what should be done next. To this end, we are reviewing literature on the emerging field of ‘Organizational Change towards a Circular Economy’ (OCCE). We identify and analyse research that sits at the interface of organizational change theory and the circular economy paradigm and provide a systematic literature review. Our review reveals consensus, ambiguities, and differences in the OCCE literature along three main dimensions of organizational change (i.e., content, process, and context). Furthermore, we develop a novel and encompassing conceptualization of OCCE as well as outline future research opportunities. Overall, our study brings together the growing but fragmented body of OCCE research and outlines scientific and practical avenues for making progress in a more unified and systematic way.

Study of Iron and Stony Meteorite Ablation Based on Simulation Experiments in an Arc Heater

To observe meteorite ablation, simulation experiments were conducted on the L5 ordinary chondrite and IAB-MG iron meteorites in an arc-heated facility and three flight conditions were reproduced. To mimic the high heating rates and the significant shear stress that meteorites experience during Earth entry, the samples were machined into 9° spherical cones with a 20 mm nose radius. High-quality video, the surface temperature, a time-resolved spectrum, and infrared video were recorded. The atom species were determined via spectroscopy to analyze the ablation products. Due to the electrode erosion and dissociation of air, the atomic lines of copper, nitrogen, and oxygen were detected in all the tests. Although the copper atom is a pollutant to the flow field, the five copper lines were used to determine the flow-field temperature. The ablation rates and effective heat of ablation of both the samples were measured under different conditions. The results indicate that shear stress is the dominant factor influencing meteorite ablation. Furthermore, the diversity between stony and iron meteorites suggests that the mass loss of stony meteorites depends on the fragmentation of the main body and that of iron meteorites depends on the shearing loss of the molten layer. Then, the fusion crusts were analyzed, the microstructures of the samples were obtained, the crust thicknesses were measured, and the elemental distribution of the stony meteorites was determined via energy dispersion spectroscopy. The study results explain the differences in the ablation and recrystallization process between stony and iron meteorites.

Disability and Superability: The Spectacle of Extra/Ordinary Bodies in Maxine Hong Kingston’s Tripmaster Monkey: His Fake Book

Abstract This essay explores how Maxine Hong Kingston’s Tripmaster Monkey (1989) showcases and anticipates cultural imaginaries surrounding Asian bodies as repositories for fantasy and affect. From the fragmented body of the suicidal protagonist to the spectacle of the Siamese conjoined twins, Kingston stages diverse bodily tropes that reflect racist, sexist, and ableist perceptions throughout history. The protagonist Wittman Ah Sing, embodied as a postmodern “Monkey King,” represents a neoliberal subjectivity marked by adaptive resilience. In contrast, the Siamese twins enact intersubjective connections, catalyzing the protagonist’s communal theater production. The play’s communal vision challenges the ideological norms of the “Normate” and resists complicity with global capitalism. Ultimately, the acknowledgment of shared struggles amidst radical divisions and recognition of our participation in ideological fantasies fosters collective solidarity and a radical critique of the capitalist system.

Nonprofit Marketing: A Systematic Review

ABSTRACT This systematic review delves into the realm of nonprofit marketing (NPM) by synthesizing empirical studies published between 2013 and 2022 across various sectors. Employing a meticulous screening process, we examined 62 articles sourced from reputable databases such as Science Direct, Elsevier, JSTOR, Emerald, Springer, Wiley Online Library, SAGE, and Google Scholar. Our objective was to provide a comprehensive overview and enhance understanding in the field of nonprofit marketing. The analysis of these selected articles revealed eight pivotal themes within NPM: marketing strategy, fundraising, collaboration, trust, branding, entrepreneurship, social media campaigns, and performance measurement. Through a systematic approach, we integrated these themes, shedding light on the interconnectedness of research within each domain. Our study not only consolidates a fragmented body of research but also identifies critical gaps, laying the foundation for future investigations. These gaps include a scarcity of multi-country level analyses, limited studies in developing country contexts, a deficiency of comparative analyses between developed and developing countries, and an insufficient exploration of the intersections between nonprofit and for-profit marketing.

Fragmented Bodies, Fractured Identities: Womanhood and Body Politics in Breasts and Eggs

This article employs feminist theory to explore the theme of fractured femininity in Mieko Kawakami’s Breasts and Eggs. Through the three female characters in the novel, Kawakami highlights the scarring of womanhood in a contemporary, postmodern context. However, the concept of scarring follows Cixous’s metaphor in which literature becomes a liberating and transformative act that vindicates the wounding of womanhood through the imposition of repressive ideals. This is shown as each of these women comes to represent the resilience of women in the face of conventional definitions of femininity. Natsuko’s reluctant following of convention, Makiko’s pursuit of feminine body ideals, and Midoriko’s struggle with her biological self represent women's struggle to realize femininity in the 21st century. Ultimately, these women manage to sustain a level of empowerment by rejecting the socially constructed concept of femininity. Kawakami puts the concept of femininity to the test to prove that it is the result of nurture rather than nature, thus suggesting that constructing a feminine identity in a postmodern setting is much more complex than in theory.

#328 : Fertilization and Embryo Quality of Human Mature Oocytes with Morphological Abnormalities After Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI)

Background and Aims: The dysmorphism of oocytes either extra or intracytoplasmic could decrease viability and developmental competence of oocytes. There are several reports describing that specific dysmorphisms are related with decrease in fertilization and embryo competence. The aim of this research is to investigate fertilization and embryo quality of specific dysmorphic mature oocytes obtained from ICSI. Method: A retrospective analysis was performed in 183 patients with 1700 mature oocytes. Mature oocytes were classified as normal morphology (control), oocytes with intra-cytoplasmic dysmorphism (fragile oocytes, inclusion bodies, vacuoles, mild granularity of cytoplasm, severe granularity of cytoplasm, and central granulation), and oocytes with extra-cytoplasmic dysmorphism (granulation in perivitelline space, polar body fragmentation, large perivitelline space, and abnormal zona pellucida). All oocytes were inseminated with ICSI. Oocytes were cultured and scored on day 3 then some of them were transferred. The rest of oocytes were extended culture until day 5. Day 3 embryos were classified based on grading by Kamardi et al., 2021. Grade 1 and 2 embryos are considered good quality embryos. Day 5 embryos were classified based on modified grading by Gardner and Schoolcraft., 1999. Results: Overall, fertilization rate was significantly lower in the dysmorphic oocytes compared to control (P<0.01). Good quality embryo development on day 3 was significantly lower in oocytes with severe granularity of cytoplasm compared to control (P<0.05). Looking at embryo development on day 5, oocytes with inclusion bodies and central granulation had significantly lower on good quality blastocyst (P<0.05). Conclusion: The fertilization potential of dysmorphic oocytes in our study was lower compared to normal morphology oocytes, however, only severe granularity of cytoplasm, inclusion bodies and central granulation related with poor embryo quality on day 3 and day 5. In this study, we were able to define several specific of oocyte dimorphism related with lower fertilization and embryo quality.

#297 : The Impact of Large Perivitelline Space and Fragmented Polar Body Oocytes on the Quality of Embryos and Pregnancy Loss in IVF Program

Background and Aims: Extracytoplasmic oocyte abnormalities such as Large Perivitelline Space (LPVS) and Fragmented Polar Body (FrPB) are frequently detected in human oocytes during IVF procedures. The purpose of this research is to determine the relationship of LPVS, FrPB, and their combination on embryo quality and pregnancy loss. Method: The 36 positive pregnancy cases from under 40 years old patients that underwent ICSI using normospermia at RS Pondok Indah IVF Centre were observed. Patients were stimulated with r-FSH utilizing an antagonist protocol for 10-11 days, then r-HCG was administered as a trigger 36 hours before retrieval. Oocytes were classified as follows: (a) normal, (b) large perivitelline space (LPVS), (c) polar body fragmentation (FrPB), and (d) a combination of LPVS and FrPB. The Shapiro-Wilk and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used to determine the effect between each of the categories of oocyte with D3 and D5 embryo quality, along with pregnancy loss. Results: The results indicate that there was no significant distinction among the groups in terms of embryo quality on D3 and D5, as well as pregnancy loss (p=0.187, 0.881, and 0.561, respectively). Conclusion: It could have been concluded that LPVS, FrPB, and their combination have no impact on embryo quality and pregnancy loss.

Data-Driven Organizations: Review, Conceptual Framework, and Empirical Illustration

With companies and other organizations increasingly striving to become (more) data-driven, there has been growing research interest in the notion of a data-driven organization (DDO). In existing literature, however, different understandings of such an organization emerged. The study at hand sets forth to synthesize the fragmented body of research through a review of existing DDO definitions and implicit understandings of this concept in the information systems and related literatures. Based on the review results and drawing on the established concept of the “knowing organization,” our study identifies five core dimensions of a DDO—namely, data sourcing & sensemaking, data capabilities, data-driven culture, data-driven decision-making, and data-driven value creation—which we integrate into a conceptual DDO framework. Most notably, the proposed framework suggests that—like its predecessor, the knowing organization—a DDO may draw on an outside-in view; however, it may also draw on an inside-out view, or even combine the two views, thereby setting itself apart from the knowing organization. To illustrate our conceptual DDO framework and demonstrate its usefulness, we apply this framework to three empirical examples. Theoretical and practical contributions as well as directions for future research are discussed.

Multipartite patella: A review of diagnostic techniques and management of the symptomatic patient.

Multipartite patella is an anatomical variant classified by the fragmentation of the main patellar body. The cause of this variant is due to failure in fusion of the patellar ossification centers. It is commonly misdiagnosed as a fracture of the patella in clinical practice, leading to unnecessary treatment measures. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the development and classification of this variation, diagnostic imaging techniques, and assess the optimal management technique for the symptomatic patient. Multiple radiographic methods are used to identify this variant, with recent studies highlighting high sensitivity rates for nonradiative methods (ultrasound). In terms of symptomatic management, accessory fragment excision and vastus lateralis release provide the greatest alleviation of symptoms, with screw fixation being less favorable.