Boat Trip Research Articles

Lincoln, Slavery, and the Nation

After returning to Illinois from a visit to Kentucky in 1841, Abraham Lincoln described a memorable experience on the otherwise tedious boat trip home: By the way, a fine example was presented on board the boat for contemplating the effect of condition upon human happiness. A gentleman had purchased twelve negroes in different parts of Kentucky and was taking them to a farm in the South. They were chained six and six together. A small iron clevis was around the left wrist of each, and this fastened to the main chain by a shorter one at a convenient distance from the others; so that the negroes were strung together precisely like so many fish upon a trot-line. In this condition they were being separated forever from the scenes of their childhood, their friends, their fathers and mothers, and brothers and sisters, and many of them, from their wives and children, and going into perpetual slavery where the lash of the master is proverbially more ruthless and unrelenting than any other where; and yet amid all these distressing circumstances, as we would think them, they were the most cheerful and apparently happy creatures on board. One, whose offence for which he had been sold was an over-fondness for his wife, played the fiddle almost continually; and the others danced, sung, cracked jokes, and played various games with cards from day to day. How true it is that “God tempers the wind to the shorn lamb,” or in other words, that He renders the worst of human conditions tolerable, while He permits the best, to be nothing better than tolerable. Readers of Ira Berlin’s Generations of Captivity: A History of African-American Slaves will recognize immediately that Lincoln had just witnessed the defining experience of slav ery in its “Migration Generations.” From 1812 to 1860 vast movements of slaves to the booming cotton and sugar plantations of the Southwest replicated the horrors of the original Middle Passage across the Atlantic Ocean. Lincoln had also seen, we might say, the makings of the plot of Harriet Beecher Stowe’s brilliant book Uncle Tom’s Cabin, which memorably indicted slavery for the horrors of this new migration—separation of families and removal to unfamiliar and harsher conditions. Yet Lincoln did not react as Stowe did. 1 In Matthew Pinsker’s able and comprehensive essay we do not always get a sense of the historiographical trends, such as the developments in the history of slavery, that generally

Preface: Phys. Status Solidi C 6/2

AbstractThe 9th International Workshop on Nonlinear Optics and Excitation Kinetics in Semiconductors (NOEKS 9) took place in Klink/Müritz, Germany, from 26–29 May, 2008. This meeting continued the successful international conference series that has been held in Germany since 1987.The NOEKS 9 was outstandingly well organized by Heinrich Stolz and his coworkers from the Department of Physics, University of Rostock. Similar to the previous meetings, this workshop focused on the dynamics of optical excitations in semiconductors and semiconductor nanostructures and related subjects and material systems. The presentations covered the entire area from basic experimental and theoretical investigations towards more applied and device related research of optical and optoelectronic systems. The workshop provided an excellent overview of recent advances in this rapidly advancing international research field.The main topics of this meeting were ultrafast dynamics, low‐dimensional and nanostructured systems, semiconductor quantum optics, spin effects, semiconductor based quantum information processing, organic semiconductors, and new laser physics. On these subjects, 33 invited and upgraded talks were presented and further interesting results were presented in 68 posters. The NOEKS 9 was attended by 112 participants from 14 countries which demonstrates the great international interest in these research fields.Lively discussions took place during the oral and poster presentations. Particular attention was received by experimental and theoretical papers on novel quantum optical properties and concepts, quantum information, and spin effects. Many of these investigations and proposals rely on semiconductor quantum dots as active material. Furthermore, interesting novel results on the ultrafast dynamics, nonlinear optical and lasing properties of other systems, e.g., semiconductor quantum wells, organic systems, metal surfaces, and hybrid semiconductor–metal nanostructures were presented and discussed.The conference took place in a beautiful setting near the village Klink on the area of the Müritz Hotel just off the shore of Lake Müritz. This setting stimulated further discussions during walks along the lakeside. The conference excursion started on a warm and sunny day with a boat trip to the city of Waren where sightseeing tours for small groups were organized. From there another boat trip brought us to the Rittersaal (Knight's Hall) in the picturesque village Mirow where we had a medieval dinner with an interesting and entertaining supporting program. The dinner talk by Liesbeth Venema (Senior Editor for Nature) caught particular attention and presented some humorous and amusing sides of the interaction between authors, referees, and editors.The entire conference program was running very smoothly and took place in an open atmosphere where all participants, whether old and young, experimental or theoretical, …, had plenty of opportunities for close interactions. We all have to thank Heinrich Stolz and his team for their outstanding job.During the NOEKS 9 meeting the organizers of the next NOEKS workshops have already been determined, i.e., Torsten Meier and Artur Zrenner (NOEKS 10, 2010, University of Paderborn) and Peter Michler (NOEKS 11, planned 2012, University of Stuttgart). For these organizers it will be a challenge to keep up with the high standards set by the NOEKS 9 (© 2009 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)

Similarity of sun protection attitudes and behaviours within north Queensland peer groups

The study investigates whether the perceived sun protective practices of the peer group during a day-time recreational boat trip were associated with the sun protective attitudes and behaviours of individuals on the same boat. Cross-sectional survey of recreational boat users conducted in Townsville, North Queensland, during the summer of 2003. One hundred and twenty-four of 134 boat users returning from a day trip agreed to participate, with 10 later excluded from analysis due to either being the sole person on the boat or because they were in the sun for less than an hour between 9 am and 3 pm (n=114, response rate=92%). The more positively respondents perceived the sun protective behaviours of other people on the boat, the more likely they were to report that they: did not enjoy exposing their unprotected skin to the sun (p=0.004); believed an occasional sunburn is not an acceptable risk (p=0.006); wore sunglasses on the trip (p=0.002); wore a wide-brimmed hat together with a long-sleeved shirt and sunscreen (p=0.006); and did not report reasons for neglecting to use sun protection (p=0.019). The perceived sun protection practices of the peer group majority were significantly associated with the sun protection practices of the observer.

Bioeconomic model for a three-zone Marine Protected Area: a case study of Medes Islands (northwest Mediterranean)

Abstract Merino, G., Maynou, F., and Boncoeur, J. 2009. Bioeconomic model for a three-zone Marine Protected Area: a case study of Medes Islands (northwest Mediterranean). – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 66: 147–154. The bioeconomic effects of establishing a three-zone Marine Protected Area (MPA) are investigated. The division of the area into zones, fully protected, partially protected, and a fishing zone, permits a combination of extractive (fishing) and touristic activities. The consequences for species conservation, commercial fishing, and touristic activities are analysed for a set of different area-size distributions and fishing-effort levels. The model parameters are based on Medes Islands MPA in the northwestern Mediterranean. For the case study, the economic analysis includes revenues from scuba diving, glass-bottom boat trips, and commercial fisheries. Our results help to illustrate the benefits of the coexistence of extractive and non-extractive activities in a realistic, three-level MPA.

Conference Report: Bridging the Divide: Celebrating the City The Fourth ACSP/AESOP Joint Congress, Chicago, 2008

'Make no little plans,' said Daniel Burnham, the celebrated maker of the Plan of Chicago, 1909, because 'they have no magic to stir man's1 blood and probably themselves will not be realized. Make big plans; aim high in hope and work ?'. The fourth joint ACSP and AESOP Congress in Chicago took Burnham's advice to heart. With 1124 participants from over 40 countries, the Chicago Joint Congress broke all previous records to become the largest gathering ever of planning scholars in the United States and Europe. It had been 17 years since the two associations held their first joint congress in Oxford in 1991, followed by further joint meetings in Toronto (1996) and Leuven (2003). The joint congresses have provided not only a forum for intellectual exchanges in the field of planning, but also an opportunity for better understanding of the working practices and institutional traditions of the two associations. They have proved to be an effective way of bridging the divides and celebrating diversity. Chicago: the city Chicago offered a magnificent place for celebrating the city and experiencing the lasting legacy of an influential plan. The city is home of the well-known 1909 Chicago Plan by Burnham and Bennett, the 1893 World 's Columbian Exposition, important twentieth-century architecture, a dramatic mayor-led city greening programme, the acclaimed Millennium Park, the American Planning Association, the Congress for New Urbanism, summer festivals and diverse neighbourhoods. The contrast between a downtown sky-line, to match any in the world, with the vast Lake Michigan was a startling urban experience as well as being a stunning example of new city planning and adventurous urban design. The level of architectural and planning awareness in the city was astonishing, with tourist boat trips dedicated to architectural excursions. The congress venue was the colossal Marriott Downtown hotel, located on Magnificent Mile - a one-mile boulevard lined up with some of the best architectural heritage of Chicago and representing the legacy of the Chicago Plan. Chicago: the host The Congress host was the College of Urban Planning and Public Affairs (CUPPA) based at the University of Illinois at Chicago. UIC is a large, public, comprehensive research university with 25,000 students located on the edge of Chicago's vibrant downtown - the famous Loop. It has an explicit 'Great Cities Commitment' which is led by CUPPA. Its Urban Planning and Policy Department is the largest graduate planning programme in the United States with more than 200 students and a distinguished faculty. The congress theme The conference theme, 'bridging the divide: celebrating the city', focused attentions on the mediating role of cities. Many cities around the world remain divided and contested. The ways in which they are structured and managed sometimes play a role in reproducing identities that promote racial, ethnic, religious or territorial conflicts. A key question arising from the congress theme was: how could innovative approaches to planning and governance help to bridge these divides? Hence, the congress invited papers and debate which reflected on the nature of these divides and the role that cities play in spanning them, through, for example, place-shaping, infrastructure development, governance, fostering of bridging social capital, capacity building, promoting environmental justice, reducing health disparities, and creating mechanisms for conflict resolution. The metaphor of 'bridge building' also captured the spirit of the ongoing relationships between ACSP and AESOP, and between them and the wider community of planners across the globe. The latter has been particularly strengthened after the World Planning Schools Congress in Shanghai in 2001, which led to creation of the Global Planning Education Network (GPEAN). So, the congress theme was a call to build bridges in scholarship by sharing international perspectives and experiences on the role of cities in mediating conflict. …

51st Annual Meeting of the Society for Research into Hydrocephalus and Spina Bifida

The 51st Annual Meeting of the Society for Research into Hydrocephalus and Spina Bifida was held in the University of Heidelberg, Department of Neurosurgery at the invitation of Professor Andreas Unterberg and Dr. Alfred Aschoff. We are indebted to Alfred for his hard work in making the meeting such a success. Scientific sessions were held in the impressive auditorium of the new Kopfklinic and the social program took place within the old city of Heidelberg. Home to the oldest university in Germany, Heidelberg was largely rebuilt in the 18th century. Delegates were able to enjoy the charms of this beautiful city, the more adventurous tackling the Philosopher's Walk (Philosphenweg) high above the banks of the Neckar River. The Annual General Meeting and Reception were held at the university Alte Aula, (Old Assembly Hall) built between 1712 and 1718. The Society dinner was held in the magnificent setting of Heidelberg Castle, with the famous Heidelberg Tun (A wine barrel made in 1751, with a capacity of 220,000 liters) visible in one corner of the hall. The Outing was a boat trip on the picturesque river Neckar, giving excellent views of Heidelberg and the surrounding countryside. The society's amateur photographers were given many excellent opportunities for landscape photography under rapidly changing skies. The evening was rounded off with a hearty stew and German beer in one of the many famous student haunts in the Old Town. The scientific sessions as usual covered a wide range of topics on basic scientific research and clinical topics. Sessions were held on Chronic Hydrocephalus, Spina Bifida, Bowel and Urodynamic Function, Hydrocephalus Pathology, Shunts, Psychosocial Issues and Hydrocephalus and CSF. Our President, Ray Fitzgerald presented this year's Casey Holter Essay Prize to Dr. Helen Williams for her essay entitled 'An Essay Concerning the Pathogenesis of Hydrocephalus'. This essay will be expanded and published in Cerebrospinal Fluid Research in the near future. The abstracts of all the presented papers are published in this supplement. It is the Society's policy to publish abstracts without editing. Any comments should be addressed directly to the authors. The meeting closed with an invitation from Drs John Duncan, Conrad Johanson and Gerald Silverberg to the 52nd Annual Conference to take place in Providence, Rhode Island on 11–14th June 2008.

Welcome address

Regenerative MedicineVol. 2, No. 6s Welcome addressFree AccessWelcome addressHans SchölerHans SchölerHead of the Managing BoardSearch for more papers by this authorPublished Online:20 Nov 2007https://doi.org/10.2217/17460751.2.6s.S1AboutSectionsPDF/EPUB ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInReddit Dear Participants,On behalf of the Stem Cell Network North Rhine–Westphalia I warmly welcome you to our 4th International Meeting to be held in Düsseldorf, Germany.The Stem Cell Network NRW is an initiative of the North Rhine–Westphalian Ministry of Innovation, Science, Research and Technology. This Network is unique in Germany, and we are happy to celebrate our fifth anniversary with so many guests. The Network assembles two Working Groups that are concerned with aspects of biomedical research on the one hand, and ethical, legal and sociological issues on the other. This characteristic combination is yet again strongly reflected in our Meeting's programme, including in our Keynote Lectures.The first Keynote Lecture this year will be given by Ron McKay of the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Strokes. He is considered one of the pioneers in stem cell research, with a strong interest in neural stem cells – from the perspective of both basic and applied science. Having 20 years’ experience, McKay was honoured with the Ernst Schering Award in 2004 for his excellent work in stem cell research.Ludger Honnefelder will introduce the bioethical part of the meeting in the second Keynote Lecture. He is the founder of the Institute for Science and Ethics and the German Reference Center for Ethics in the Biosciences, and is active in a variety of bio-ethical committees, including the Bio-Ethics Steering Committee of the European Advisory Board, as well as being Chairman of the Working Group on Ethical and Legal Aspects of the Stem Cell Network. In January 2007, Honnefelder was awarded the Federal Cross of Merit.In our aging western society, we see ourselves confronted with an increasing occurrence of degenerative diseases. Regenerative medicine aims to develop cell-based therapeutic concepts for a variety of diseases, such as cardiovascular disease and neuro-degeneration. Outstanding experts in their respective fields will therefore in two sessions on Aging and Regeneration address the implications of stem cells in aging-related conditions and discuss the consequences of such future therapies at a socio–political level.Supporting the concept that research on both adult and embryonic stem cells will synergistically enhance our understanding of their general biology, we dedicate additional sessions to Stem Cell Self Renewal, the Role of the Biological Niche, Cancer and Stem Cells, Mechanisms Regulating the Stem Cell State, and to the Translation of Stem Cell Technologies.We are confident that our multifaceted programme of lectures and presentations has something to offer each participant. Bringing together experts from the various disciplines, we foresee that you will be able to exchange exciting ideas during the poster sessions or the boat trip on the Rhine River.We look forward to meeting you in Düsseldorf!Sincerely yours,Hans SchölerHead of Managing BoardFiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Vol. 2, No. 6s Follow us on social media for the latest updates Metrics History Published online 20 November 2007 Published in print November 2007 Information© Future Medicine LtdPDF download

Review: Up-Coast: Forests and Industry on British Columbia's North Coast, 1870-2005 by Richard A. Rajala

Review: Up-Coast: Forests and Industry on British Columbia's North Coast, 1870-2005 By Richard A. Rajala Reviewed by Jan Kunnas European University Institute, Firenze, Italy Richard A. Rajala. Up-Coast: Forests and Industry on British Columbia's North Coast, 1870-2005. Victoria, Canada: Royal BC Museum, 2006. 294 pp. Hardbound. ISBN: 0-7726-5460-3. $US49.95. [Richard A. Rajala. Clearcutting the Pacific Rain Forest: Production, Science, and Regulation. Vancouver: UBC Press, June 1998. 286 pp. Paperback. ISBN 0-7748-0591-9. $US 24.95] In Clearcutting the Pacific Rain Forest, Richard A. Rajala explored the roots of the deforestation crisis in the Douglas fir regions of British Columbia, Washington and Oregon between 1880 and 1965. In Up- Coast, the geographical scope is restricted to British Columbia's central and north coast from the Seymor inlet in the south to the Cassiar District in the North, and the Queen Charlotte Islands. The time scope, however, is prolonged from 1870 to early 2005. My original intent was to review only the most recently published of the books, but due to their complementary character, it seemed worthwhile to combine them for the sake of the review. The back cover of the new work promises that: Up-Coast presents the first comprehensive history of British Columbia's central-and-north-coast forest industry. This would, of course, be impossible for such a long time span (135 years) within less than 300 pages. Wisely, Rajala concentrates on one aspect, in this case wood procurement for the needs of the forest industry, starting from the first commercial sawmill on the north coast in operation by 1874, and ending with the needs of giant pulp-and-paper firms. For example, water pollution gets only a few lines of attention while the effects of forestry practices on salmon spawning grounds gets a bit more. Even so, every page of the book is fully packed with information, as Rajala takes us through several boom-and-bust cycles in the forest industry. We learn how the World Wars and, especially, how the need for airplane spruces affected the forest; we take a trip along the Grand Trunk Pacific Railway and a boat trip with the International Woodworkers of America's Loggers' Navy. The book also works as a social history of the district, including both First Nations and other forest- or forestry-dependent local communities. I, and other readers not familiar with North American logging practices, would certainly need to read more about different logging and transporting methods presented in the book. Fortunately many of these are presented in detail in Clearcutting the Pacific Rain Forest. Now I know what a steam-donkey is, or how a cable logging system works. (I still, however, do not know how an A-frame works.) Up-Coast has a clear lesson for all resource-rich but capital-poor countries or regions. Providing cheap resources for companies to attract investments does not automatically generate welfare for the people and communities in the region, at least not in the long run. One of the reasons is that new labor-saving technology constantly eats up the employment benefits of increased production and logging. Clearcutting the Pacific Rain Forest concentrates on technology advances in logging operations, and how they transformed logging into an industrial operation. We also learn how flawed research supporting large- scale clear cutting survived as the results were convenient for short time industrial interests. Neither of the books are easy reads due to their massive amounts of detailed information, but both are well worth the effort. My only real reason for complaint is the use of endnotes instead of footnotes, which creates a lot of flipping back and forth. Luckily, in the endnotes for Clearcutting, each page heading clearly showed to which pages in the main text the notes referred, a nice feature which unfortunately was missing from the newer work.

Chemical Compromise: A Thermodynamic and Low-Dose Hydrate-Inhibitor Solution for Hydrate Control in the Gulf of Mexico

Summary Gas-hydrate inhibition is a serious concern for operators producing at conditions in the hydrate region. As production goes into deeper water, hydrate control grows in importance. Ideally, operators want total hydrate control without the problems associated with thermodynamic inhibitors (THI) and/or low-dose hydrate inhibitors (LDHI). A Gulf of Mexico (GOM) operator experienced hydrate-control problems in an 18,000-ft umbilical line in spite of the addition of methanol as a thermodynamic hydrate inhibitor. In addition to erratic pressure, the high rates of methanol usage created a logistical problem as well as a health, safety, and environmental (HS&E) concern because of the handling issues associated with methanol. Laboratory studies and previous onshore field experience indicated that hydrate-inhibition synergy is gained through the combination of thermodynamic inhibitors and LDHI (Budd et al. 2004). This is termed a hybrid hydrate inhibitor (HHI). Because of the performance, logistical, and cost drivers presented by the use of methanol, any alternative approach must consider those three factors. The performance has to do with hydrate dissolution in the event a hydrate formed during operations. A kinetic inhibitor (KHI) can prevent hydrate formation but cannot dissolve already formed hydrates. Antiagglomerant (AA) inhibitors allow hydrates to form but keep the hydrate particles dispersed in the fluids. The logistics have to do with pump sizing (i.e., conventional LDHI applications require new pumps and configurations). The cost of methanol is far less than specialty LDHI chemistry. Thus, the objective of the study is to provide all the benefits of the existing technology with improved performance, improved logistics, and at a cost not to exceed hydrate prevention with methanol. After a presentation of lab and field studies to the operator, a method of application was approved for use. The differential pressure (Dp) between the wellhead pressure (chemical injection line) and the flowline pressure serves as the key performance metric. There is a significant decrease of Dp after the HHI product is introduced into the system. Initially, the HHI is applied at the same rate (and a much higher equivalent cost) as methanol. After saturation of the system, the inhibitor rate is decreased in a stepwise fashion until the daily costs of treatment fall below the daily cost of methanol. On a cost-performance basis, the new product outperforms the methanol. While the methanol rate is 120 gal/D, the new product controls line pressure at a rate as low as 12 gal/D. The HHI dosage is eventually set at 22 gal/D to compensate for potential flow and pressure/temperature fluctuations. From the logistical standpoint, methanol shipments to the platform decreased five-fold. This decrease meant less cost and handling as well as a reduction in the footprint for product storage. From an HS&E position, the potential for an incident is decreased in line with the reduction in boat trips and crane lifts. The technology described in this paper created a synergy that assuages the concerns of operations, technical, logistics, HS&E, and personnel. After observing that hydrate dissolution is still possible at a lower dosage with less handling and at a comparable cost, the HHI treatment became a permanent hydrate prevention method. The project is a success with possible future expansion. Introduction Gas hydrates form when water molecules crystallize around guest molecules. The water/guest crystallization process has been recognized for several years, is well characterized, and occurs with sufficient combinations of temperature and pressure (Katz 1945). Light hydrocarbons, methane-to-heptanes, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen sulfide are the guest molecules of interest to the natural-gas industry. Depending on the pressure and gas composition, gas hydrates may build up at any place in which water coexists with natural gas at temperatures as high as 80°F [~30°C]. Gas-hydrate formation is a growing problem because producers drill in deeper waters and in cooler waters. The hydrates can form in a wellbore while the fluids go through pressure- and temperature-induced phase changes near the mud line. The hydrates also form in the flowlines from subsea completions to the separation facilities. The problem of finding an effective hydrate control method in a system at hydrate conditions is especially difficult in offshore environments where one has no control over the fluid composition, bottomhole pressure, and temperature. The well operator has only a limited control over the wellhead pressure. The producing formation temperature, Joule-Thomson cooling effect upon gas decompression, and heat loss to the environment are the factors deciding if a particular well or flowlines are at hydrate forming conditions. Hydrates create physical barriers to production and must be inhibited and dissolved if formed for gas production to occur. The operator must maintain the well and production lines free of hydrates at all times.

Tourist compliance to a Code of Conduct and the resulting effects on whale shark ( Rhincodon typus) behavior in Donsol, Philippines

This study examines tourist compliance to the Code of Conduct for whale shark ( Rhincodon typus) interactions and assesses impacts of tourists on whale sharks in Donsol, Philippines. Whale sharks feed in Donsol's nutrient rich waters between November and June, drawing up to 7100 visitors annually. Tourist, tour operator, and whale shark behavior were examined during human–whale shark interactions ( n = 777) on 117 boat trips (March, April and May) in 2004, and on 76 boat trips in 2005 ( n = 620). Average compliance to Code of Conduct regulations in 2004 and 2005 was 44% for the minimum distance kept; 82% for no touching, no path obstruction and a maximum of six swimmers per whale shark; 89% for a maximum of one boat per shark, 99% for no flash photography and no SCUBA, scooters, and jet-skis. Significant predictors of whale shark's directional changes were path obstruction and proximity of swimmer to whale shark, while for whale shark's dive response it was first-time sighting and whale shark feeding. The significant predictor of a violent shudder behavior was touching. Generalized linear modeling evaluated change in direction, dive response and violent shuddering variables, and found that touching, flash photography, and swimmer diving towards the whale shark significantly affected the magnitude of disturbance. Tourism impacts on whale sharks can be minimized through adaptive management that monitors tourism and alters interaction regulations to reflect tourist and tour operator actions that have detrimental effects on whale sharks.

Whatever Your Passion, Indulge It in New York

Back to table of contents Previous article Next article APA InstituteFull AccessWhatever Your Passion, Indulge It in New YorkSpencer Eth, M.D.Spencer EthSearch for more papers by this author, M.D.Published Online:21 Jul 2006https://doi.org/10.1176/pn.41.14.0027There could be no better time to visit New york City than October 5 to 8 to attend APA's 58th Institute on Psychiatric Services (IPS) at the Marriott Marquis Hotel in Times Square. Early fall in the northeast is always glorious, with its seasonally mild temperatures and colorful foiliage. A major election is being held this autumn, and the city will be abuzz with campaigns for governor and the U.S. Senate and House of Representatives. Whether the hometown baseball teams, the yankees and Mets, will be in the playoffs remains to be seen, but as the saying goes, “you gotta believe.”Your base at the Marriott Marquis, site of all IPS sessions, is in the center of the Broadway theater district. Although it is never too early to purchase advance tickets for the hottest shows, rest assured that there will be an opportunity to buy discount tickets on the day of the performance (and remember that Wednesday and Saturday are matinee days). You might also consider the Off and Off-Off Broadway productions. Several ticket services can be accessed through an internet search of the term “Broadway theater tickets.”The city also abounds with world-class opera, ballet, dance, and live music concerts of every imaginable variety. These productions can be found at many locations throughout the city, including Lincoln Center and Carnegie Hall.No trip to New york is complete without a visit to at least one of the city's famous museums. Even if you have toured the Metropolitan Museum of Art (the Met), don't miss a chance to view the renovated Museum of Modern Art, Guggenheim Museum, Whitney Museum of American Art, or one of the smaller gems, such as the Frick collection. And there are the Madison Avenue art galleries waiting to be seen.For visitors and locals alike, much of the special pleasure of Manhattan is found by simply walking through the many distinctive neighborhoods. Armed with a street-by-street guidebook (I suggest Eyewitness New York), you can stroll north from the Theater District to the 843 acres of central Park. Be sure to stop by the Strawberry Fields memorial to John Lennon, the Angel of the Waters statue at Bethesda Fountain, and the zoo.Bordering the park is central Park West, home to the American Museum of Natural History and the Planetarium (don't forget the kids), and the magnificent Dakota and San Remo apartment buildings.Heading south from Times Square on the West Side are chelsea and the Garment District, which blends into Greenwich Village, home to universities, coffeehouses, and music clubs. The far west end of Greenwich Village is now called the Meat Packing District, where some of the newer, trendier attractions are found.Below Greenwich Village are SoHo (South of Houston Street), TriBeCa (Triangle Below Canal Street), Little Italy, and Chinatown. At the bottom of Manhattan Island are the former site of the World Trade center, Wall Street, and the Staten island ferry station, the start of an inexpensive boat trip and great view of the Statue of Liberty. On the East Side of Manhattan are famous landmarks, including the United Nations and Empire State buildings, Fifth Avenue, and St. Patrick's Cathedral.Walking around the city, or even riding the subways, can stimulate an appetite-not to worry, as Manhattan boasts a seeming unlimited number of restaurants catering to every style and taste. A pleasant surprise is the quality and quantity of lower-priced establishments. But, be sure to review restaurant guides, such as Zagat and Michelin, and make reservations for your favorites.General information about New York City is readily available. Closer to October you may also want to scan the weekly periodicals (New Yorker, New York, Time Out New York, and Village Voice) and newspapers (New York Times, Post, and Daily News, all available online). I'm looking forward to seeing you in the Big Apple in October!▪ Spencer Eth, M.D., is the local arrangements consultant to the IPS Scientific Program Committee. ISSUES NewArchived

Las Islas de los Changos (the Monkey Islands): the economic impact of ecotourism in the region of Los Tuxtlas, Veracruz, Mexico

This study evaluates the popularity and economic impact of Las Islas de los Changos (the Monkey Islands) as an ecotourism site on Lake Catemaco in the Los Tuxtlas region of Veracruz, Mexico. Two small island colonies of exotic primates, stumptail macaques (Macaca arctoides), have proved to be highly beneficial for the local economy as the main attraction for tourists in this region. From July 1991 to June 1992, data were collected on the number of tourists who took boat trips to visit the primates, and the amount of money spent on tours to the islands. The data suggest that at least 28,470 passengers visit these primate troops annually and spend approximately 88,970 U.S. dollars (USD). Follow-up questionnaires during July 1997 to June 2000 to hotelkeepers and tourist boat operators identified the Monkey Islands as the primary destination for tourists to this region. A comparison of the net income obtained by local ecotourism operators with wages earned through other types of employment in the Los Tuxtlas region, such as working in natural reserves, agriculture, or renting grazing land for cattle, show the relative importance of Las Islas de Los Changos in sustaining the local economy.

Bayesian Ranking and Selection of Fishing Boat Efficiencies

The steadily accumulating literature on technical efficiency in fisheries attests to the importance of efficiency as an indicator of fleet condition and as an object of management concern. In this paper, we extend previous work by presenting a Bayesian hierarchical approach that yields both efficiency estimates and, as a byproduct of the estimation algorithm, probabilistic rankings of the relative technical efficiencies of fishing boats. The estimation algorithm is based on recent advances in Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods—Gibbs sampling, in particular—which have not been widely used in fisheries economics. We apply the method to a sample of 10,865 boat trips in the US Pacific hake (or whiting) fishery during 1987-2003. We uncover systematic differences between efficiency rankings based on sample mean efficiency estimates and those that exploit the full posterior distributions of boat efficiencies to estimate the probability that a given boat has the highest true mean efficiency.

Predictors of sunburn in north Queensland recreational boat users

Identify personal and situationalfactors predicting sunburn in north Queensland recreational boat users over summer. Cross-sectional survey with prospective 24-hour follow-up for sunburn, conducted in Townsville, north Queensland, during the summer of 2003. Ninety-three out of 100 boat users returning after a day trip agreed to participate. All were followed up, with three later excluded from analysis due to prior sunburn (n=90, response rate 93%). Overall, 48% of participants experienced sunburn as a result of their boat trip; 57% of these developed sunburn on the face and 43% on both the V of the neck and the legs. Factors found to increase the occurrence of sunburn were longer time on the water between 10 am-2 pm, not wearing a wide-brimmed hat, not working outdoors, and going boating less than once per month. The survey shows unacceptably high levels of sunburn in north Queensland boat users. Sunburn appears related to not using optimal sun protection between 10 am and 2 pm. Boat users in the tropics need to wear a brimmed hat to better protect the face, a collared long-sleeved shirt buttoned up at the throat to protect the V of the neck and arms, long pants, and rely less on sunscreen and on darker skin types that are perceived to sunburn less readily.

“The Big Grab”: non-compliance with regulations, skewed fishing effort allocation and implications for a spiny lobster fishery

Abstract We illustrate the skewed spatial and temporal patterns of fishing effort and the associated non-compliance with regulations within the spiny lobster fishery based in South Caicos, Turks and Caicos Islands. The size, maturity, and breeding status of lobsters caught by divers (4321 from 179 boat trips) from five fishing grounds over the 8-month fishing season correspond well to habitats and depths associated with known life-history stages. More importantly, 63% of lobsters landed during the first month of the season (“The Big Grab”) are immature and 43% are undersized individuals captured in shallow habitats where divers concentrate their efforts. Non-compliance with regulations is not limited to this period with 33% of all lobsters landed being undersized and 10.9% being females in breeding condition (prohibited). It is postulated that this pattern of fishing must have detrimental effects on the population and may partially explain the 66% decline in CPUE observed over the last decade and the 15% decline in mean individual weight of lobster caught over the last 25 years. Several management modifications are suggested that may reduce the skewness in effort and pervasive non-compliance. The importance and utility of collecting fisheries data on discrete and appropriately sized spatial and temporal scales is highlighted.

Did you help a man injured in gran canaria in 2001?

I am a second-year studentnurse in Liverpool. On August 28 2001 my future father-in-law had a serious accident during a boat trip off Puerto Rico, Gran Canaria. If it wasn’t for three British nurses on the same trip, who stabilised his neck on the lifeboat taking him to hospital, he would have been paralysed for life. In the confusion we failed to get the names of these nurses; we have been trying to find them ever since. If they are reading this, or if anyone knows who they are, could they please get in touch through Nursing Standard?

Days Given Over to Travel

When Mama came for me, my older boy was sailing off the coast of Brazil. I'm not kidding. My boy, sailing off the coast of Brazil. Of course, I always think of him as little but he wasn't so little anymore, he had a wife, a family and they were grown, and he was a man enjoying a big fancy trip on a big boat. A ship, he called it. The kind our people never traveled in, not even in the old days when my father first came to this country from the old country. My father, God rest his soul and I hope to meet him in just a little while, crossed in steerage, the way you see in the movies, below the deck, the cold Atlantic beating against the side of the boat, the inside of his stomach beating against the wall of his chest. Ten days before my son left on his boat trip he told me about it, at the wedding in Connecticut where we all had gathered, my cousin Marvin's daughter's wedding, which makes it sound like a distant relation except Marvin was always like a nephew to me. He and his wife Phyllis, they made a nice wedding for their daughter Susan and her fiance. The weather was cooperating. A cool night in November, but it hadn't snowed yet so it still seemed like early autumn. The food was delicious, the music was playing, I was waiting for dessert and coffee. At the table in my wheelchair, where lately I had decided to sit, it wasn't all that comfortable. My companion, Irving, went to the bathroom. My older boy was bringing me a fresh drink, he was always so polite to me, asking if I needed anything. Here's your scotch, Mother, he said, handing me the glass. I was leaning to one side in my chair what a lousy contraption, that I should ever have to ride in one! The music was nice, old songs, Strangers in the Night, Slow Boat to China, and old country music, f reilichs and whirling around, all the young ones even they knew them, jitterbugging, and the lindy, and the dancing in a circle while the clarinet sounded like a sad child wailing

The use of conjoint analysis in the development of a new recreation facility

This research employs a conjoint analysis approach to determine the preferences for a new interpretive centre. One hundred and ten respondents completed a questionnaire that included 32 hypothetical facility scenarios with the data being analysed using ordinary least square regression. The analysis resulted in the importance of attributes influencing preferences. The results revealed that the most important attribute was price, followed by length of stay, exhibits and educational opportunities. The least important attributes were on-site information sources, recreational opportunities, and payment type. The interpretive centre that was most preferred in regards to specific attribute levels was one with live animal touch tanks, educational boat trips, an information desk and a fishing pier. Respondents would intend to stay about 2 hours and prefer to pay $1.00 per car. Analyses of various demographic segments also provided details regarding the importance of identifying key groups of potential visitors. The information provided can increase the ability of planners to make critical decisions regarding new product development in the interpretive discipline and recreational based programmes.

Introduction: Into the Zone 2000

The idea was born in 1998, at the conference <em>"Gravity's Rainbow: </em>The First 25 Years," in Antwerp: to tour the zone, following Slothrop's footsteps and visiting some of the places mentioned in <em>Gravity's Rainbow. </em>It took two years to realize, but in June 2000, the "Into the Zone" tour got underway. Some obstacles could not be overcome–because of the inexplicable ignorance and obstinacy of various officials, the recalcitrance of reality or the inflexible German laws. Thus we were unable to obtain a balloon for the trip from the Brocken to Berlin, there were no hotels to be found, much less any rooms available, in Bad Karma, the director of the Greifswald zoo stubbornly refused to provide any chimps for the boat trip to Peenemünde, and it was impossible to get a permit from the German authorities to sample six kilos of hashish for strictly literary purposes. But we pushed on in the face of adversity.

The Economic Impacts of the Recreational Bluefin Tuna Fishery in Hatteras, North Carolina

Little is known about a recreational fishery for bluefin tuna Thunnus thynnus that emerged in the winter months (1994–1996) near Hatteras, North Carolina. Our research sought to better understand this developing fishery, especially the extent of local and statewide economic impacts and the resultant implications for public and private fisheries management decision making at the local level. We used a quota-based sampling approach to collect names and addresses from charter and private boat anglers in Hatteras; 1,051 anglers were sampled and received a mail questionnaire soon after project personnel intercepted them. Technicians recorded a total of 1,390 bluefin tuna boat trips (1,020 charter boat trips and 370 private boat trips) between January 15 and March 22, 1997. These 1,390 trips resulted in an estimated 6,546 angler-days of bluefin tuna fishing from Hatteras. Trips by North Carolina residents accounted for only 15.6% of the total number of trips. Each angler spent an average of US$1,005 in the Hatteras area on his/her trip. Anglers who reported their boat retained a legal-sized bluefin tuna spent slightly less on their trips and per day of fishing than anglers who released all bluefin tuna caught. Overall, the population of bluefin tuna anglers in the Hatteras area spent $3,635,654 locally and $212,036 elsewhere in the state of North Carolina. These expenditures resulted in a total output of $4,627,108 and $5,032,870 on the Hatteras-area economy and North Carolina economy, respectively. The $3,436,654 in direct expenditures made by nonlocal anglers for local goods and services generated an additional $991,500 in economic output, resulting in a total output of $4,627,108 (output multiplier = 1.35) and 126 full and part-time jobs attributable to this fishery in 1997. At the state level, the bluefin tuna fishery had a similar economic impact, because many of the anglers were not North Carolina residents. Specifically, the total output associated with this fishery at the state level was $5,032,870. We suggest development of a community-based management strategy for encouraging catch-and-release fishing. Such a strategy provides a useful means for postponing quota closure, while fostering more overall fishing expenditures at the local level than would have been the case otherwise.