Blue Swimming Crab Portunus Pelagicus Research Articles

Reproductive performance of female blue swimming crab (Portunus pelagicus) from some waters in South Sulawesi

The blue swimming crab (Portunus pelagicus) is one of the endangered species due to overexploitation. The development of hatchery technology is expected to be a solution in overcoming this problem. However, until now the availability of seeds is not stable due to high mortality, especially in the larval stage which is often caused by poor quality of broodstock. This study aims to assess the reproductive performance of small crab crabs from various small crab production centers in South Sulawesi to find quality broodstock sources. The sampling locations included 3 areas, namely Bone Regency, Maros Regency and Takalar Regency, South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. The reproductive performance measured was the length and width of the carapace as well as body weight, fecundity, egg diameter and number of larvae produced by each broodstock and assessing the development of egg diameter based on embryo development. The results obtained, namely the value of fecundity, egg diameter and number of larvae were different from each region. The highest body size, fecundity, egg diameter and embryo development and number of larvae were obtained from Takalar while the lowest was from Maros (P <0.05). The aquatic environment affects reproductive performance. This can be seen from the infestation of octolasmis and barnacles found in nearly 90% of bone broodstock which is thought to have an effect on reproductive performance. From this research, it is obtained an illustration that the broodstock of Takalar is better used as the source of broodstock.

Penentuan Komoditas Unggulan Perikanan Tangkap di Perairan Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung

consisting of 954 islands with 218.236 tonnes capture fisheries potential. As a leading economic sector in the region, capture fisheries should be maintained sustainably. One of actions that can be done is focusing fisheries development on prime commodities. Purpose of this study were to identify prime commodities and potential commodities in Bangka Belitung waters. Location Quotient (LQ) Analysis, Shift Share (SS), and Specialization Index (SI) were used for data analysis. The result showed that there were three prime commodities i.e., red snapper (Lutjanus campecanus), mackerel (Scomberomorus commerson), and blue swimming crab (Portunus pelagicus). Other potential fisheries commodities in Bangka Belitung Province were grouper (Plectropomus leopardus), yellowtail (Caesio erythrogaster), sea catfish (Arius thalassinus), fork-tailed threadfin bream (Nemipterus furcocus), stingray (Dasyatis sp), and crab (Scylla serrata).&#x0D; Keywords: Bangka Belitung Province, capture fisheries, prime commodities

Blue swimming crab (Portunus pelagicus) megalopa stage seed feed enrichment with beta carotene

This study aimed to increase the nutritional value of natural rotifer and Artemia feed by adding beta carotene sourced from carrots. This research was conducted in May 2020 at the hatchery unit of the Brackish Water Aquaculture Fishery Centre (BPBAP) Takalar. The research design used was a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 3 replications. The experimental animals used were small blue swimming crab larvae (Portunus pelagicus) in the megalopa stage, which were stocked with a density of 5 individuals/L, and kept until they entered the crab stage. The expected output of this research is natural feed enrichment technology for rotifers and Artemia using beta carotene from carrots. The results showed that providing the right frequency of feed after enriching with beta carotene could increase the survival and growth of small blue swimming crab larvae. The optimum feeding frequency for megalopa stage blue swimming crab larvae was 3 times/day.

Design and Effect of Escape Vent in a Trap on the Catch of Blue Swimming Crab (Portunus Pelagicus): A Preliminary Study

Blue Swimming Crab (Portunus pelagicus, BSC) is one of the Indonesian important fisheries commodities often captured by traps. Under Decree No. 56/2016, the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries managed the BSC, with the standard size of BSC is &gt;10cm of Carapace Width (CW) or &gt;60 g of Weight (W), and non-berried or carried eggs for female. This study aims to determine BSC's crawling pattern toward the trap, design an escape vent on the trap, and assess catch of BSC using vented trap and non-vented trap. The video footage was used to examine crawling pattern of 30 BSCs on the laboratory. The study also includes field experiment by deploying twenty traps (10 vented traps and 10 non-vented traps) on the sea. The study obtained two crawling patterns of BSC, crawling forward and sideways with the most BSC crawled sideways. Design of escape vent was 4.6 cm length x 2.6 cm height. The BSCs captured in the vented traps have &gt;10cm of CW, while 14% of BSCs in the non-vented traps have &lt;10 cm of CW. The use of escape vent did not affect the catch (weight) of BSC in the trap.

Genetic Differentiation of the Blue Swimming Crab Portunus pelagicus Along the Coastal Thai Waters Revealed by SSCP Analysis of Cytochrome c Oxidase Subunit I

The basic information on genetic diversity and population structure is essential for the construction of appropriate management schemes leading to sustainable fisheries of the blue swimming crab (Portunus pelagicus). Here, genetic heterogeneity of P. pelagicus (N=174) was examined by single-strand conformational polymorphism (SSCP) analysis of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (PpCOI270). Seven SSCP genotypes were found across all investigated samples. The average genetic distance between pairs of geographic samples was 0.0014-0.7247. Significant geographic heterogeneity (P&lt;0.05) and restricted levels of female gene flow between paired samples (0.03-1.60 individuals per generation) were observed except between Chanthaburi - Prachuap Kriri Khan and Ranong - Krabi (P&gt;0.05; 6.54 and 16.17 individuals per generation) located in the same coastal regions. Therefore, the gene pool of P. pelagicus in Thai waters was genetically differentiated to different stocks even though it is biologically regarded as a potential dispersal species. Five geographic samples of P. pelagicus in Thai waters could be differentiated to three genetic stocks; Chanthaburi and Suratthani (stock A), Prachuap Khiri Khan (stock B) and Ranong and Krabi (stock C).

Gonad maturity and gonadal somatic index of blue swimming crab Portunus pelagicus harvested from Spermonde Archipelago, South Sulawesi, Indonesia

Reproductive biology is one of the biological aspects that needed to formulate responsible management of blue swimming crab (BSC). The crab is one of the commercial fisheries commodities in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Presently no information on the reproductive biology of this crab from Spermonde Archipelago, Sout Sulawesi. Therefore, the study aimed to analyze and compare gonad maturity stage(GMS)andgonadalsomaticindex(GSI)oftheBSCcaughtonthreeecosystemsnamelycoralreef,seagrass,andmangrovein Salemo Island, Spermonde Archipelago. GMS and GSI were analyzed descriptively for five months from March to July 2015. Results indicate there was a difference in GMS of the BSC caught in mangroves, seagrass, and coral reef. Generally, mangrove was dominated by immature BSC with GMS I and GMS II, while the BSC caught in the seagrass and coral reef BSC were dominantly mature and spawn GMS III, IV, and V. GSI BSC caught in mangrove ecosystem are smaller than GSI BSC caught in seagrass and coral reef ecosystems. Seagrass and coral reef ecosystems suitable for development no-take zone of the BSC.

Genetic population subdivision of the blue swimming crab (Portunus pelagicus) across Indonesia inferred from mitochondrial DNA: Implication to sustainable fishery.

The blue swimming crab (BSC), Portunus pelagicus (Linnaeus 1758), inhabits coastal areas of Southeast and East Asia, and is one of high fisheries commodities with an export value for Indonesia and an increasing global market demand, annually. However, the data of genetic diversity and their spatial connectivity of populations in Indonesia are not yet known, even when it is important to inform stock unit management and sustainable use. This study aimed to determine the genetic diversity and differentiation of blue swimming crabs across Indonesian populations in different Fishery Management Area (FMA), and their spatial genetic connectivity, as well as to deliver implications for sustainable fishery. A total of 297 individuals were collected and amplified using cytochrome oxidase I mitochondrial DNA. This study has showed the highest values for haplotype and nucleotide diversity in the eastern part of Indonesia, where exploitation is relatively low. Significant genetic differentiation between populations (FST = 0.954; p < 0.001) and the fisheries management areas (FST = 0.964; p < 0.001) were revealed. Low spatial connectivity was observed between populations in a distance of at least more than 60 kilometers. This study suggests that BSC populations in Indonesia, likely have several stock units, and preferably different fisheries management plans and actions across the region thoroughly and simultaneously. This would be effective for management and their sustainable conservation.

Morphometric Relationships in the Blue Swimming Crabs, (Portunus pelagicus) (Linnaeus, 1758) from the Palk Bay, Sri Lanka

The blue swimming crab (Portunus pelagicus) has become the focus of an important export-oriented fishery in Sri Lanka for a decade. The Palk Bay in the Northern coastal waters of Sri Lanka is one of the best-known fishing grounds for blue swimming crabs in Sri Lanka. This study was undertaken with the aim of establishing some morphometric relationships for P. pelagicus in the Palk Bay.&#x0D; Biological sampling was conducted for five consecutive days per month from November 2014 - October 2015 in the Northern landing sites in the Jaffna District where the catch of Palk Bay blue swimming crab fishery was landed. P. pelagicus specimens were also randomly collected for laboratory analysis. The morphometric measurements of the specimens for the following parameters were undertaken: CW - carapace width with the spine, CWW - carapace width without spine, MW – mouth width, TL - total length, LCPL - left chelar propodus length, LMOV - left movable part Length, RMOV - right movable part length, LCPH - left chelar propodus height, RCPH - right chelar propodus height, ABW - abdominal width, ABL - abdominal length and BW - body weight. The least squared method was used to obtain the Length-Length (L-L) and Length-Weight (L-W) relationships.&#x0D; Of the 65 L-L relationships obtained for P. pelagicus from the study, 34 relationships were correlated (r2&gt;0.5). The estimated relationships between BW and CW for males and females were BW=0.0001 CW 3.01 (r2 =0.84) and BW= 0.0001 CW 2.90 (r2 =0.86), respectively.&#x0D; Positive allometric growth was observed for male P. pelagicus, whereas a negative allometric growth was observed for female P. pelagicus. Most of the morphometric relationships of P. pelagicus obtained in this study were not isometric.

Effect of Basin Color on The Performance of Blue Swimming Crab (Portunus pelagicus)

Blue swimming crab (Portunus pelagicus) is a sea crab that is widely found in Indonesian waters. One of the determinants of the success of crab cultivation is the availability of quality seeds. Howewer, blue swimming crab hatchery is currently experiencing problems, namely unstable seed availiability due to high mortality and growth at the larvae stage. This research aims to evaluate the effect of various colors of rearing basins of feeding rate and survival rate of blue swimming crab larvae (P. pelagicus) in zoea stage. The larvae for the study was zoea-1 stage with a stocking density of 50 ind/L. The basins used in this study was a round plastic basin with a volume of 40 L filled with 30 L of media water. The feed used was rotifer and artemia nauplius. The method used was a completely randomized design consist of 4 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments that were the use black, green, blue, and red basins colors. The results of the analysis of variance showed that the color of the basins had a significant effect on the feeding rate (p &lt; 0,05) and very significant on survival rate (p &lt; 0,01) for small blue swimming crab larvae were produced in black basins 90.14 and 16.60%.

Chitinase activity potential and identification of chitinolytic bacteria isolated of swimmer crab’s cell

This study aimed at investigating the chitinase enzyme activity produced by chitinolytic bacteria from the skin of blue swimmer crab (Portunus pelagicus) and identification of the genus isolate. This study consists of two stages: firstly, the qualitative and quantitative activity of the chitinase enzyme; and secondly, biochemical identification of the bacteria. The quantitative chitinase enzyme activity is measured using the UV-Vis spectrophotometer UV-Vis at the wavelength at 660 nm. The chitinase enzyme is obtained from the isolation of chitinolytic bacteria cultured within a media to grow solid chitin, which contains colloidal chitin substrate as chitinase inductor at the temperature of 30°C. The highest chitinolytic activity is obtained from the 24 h supernatant culture, with a value of enzyme activity at 0.149 U/mL. Macroscopic and microscopic identification showed that the chitinolytic bacteria isolate R1, whereas the biochemical cell shows the characteristics of the genus Pseudomonas. Keywords: biodegradable, chitinase, spectrophotometer, Portunus pelagicus, Pseudomonas DOI: 10.25165/j.ijabe.20211403.5273 Citation: Sulistijowati R, Sudin, Harmain R M. Chitinase activity potential and identification of chitinolytic bacteria isolated of swimmer crab’s cell. Int J Agric & Biol Eng, 2021; 14(3): 228–231.

Behavior response of blue swimming crab (Portunus pelagicus) to the different entrance gates of collapsible pot

The behavior of blue swimming crab (BSC) (Portunus pelagicus) to the collapsible pot is observed to redesign the entrance of the pot with high effectiveness. The purpose of this study is to analyze the behavior response of BSC to the entrance gate of the collapsible pot by laboratory experiments. The behavior response of the BSC (100-150 mm of carapace width (CW), n= 15) to the two angles of the entrance gate, that were 200 as control and 400 as a modification of the collapsible pot. The movement and speed of the crab to the entrance gate were observed by using CCTV Camera. The results showed that the percentage of crabs failed to find the entrance was higher than crab that be successful to enter the pot. The crab that failed to find the entrance was 43% for control and 52% for modification pot, while the crab that be successful to enter was 24% for control pot and 19% for modification pot. There were five movement patterns of crab to the pot i.e. straight to entrance, side to entrance, side to side, entrance to side, and straight to side. The average speed of entrance crab was 127.89 ± 46.48 for control, and 88.45 ± 5.74 for modification pot. Keywords: behavior, response, blue swimming crab, collapsible pot, Portunus pelagicus

Reproductive characteristics of the blue swimming crab, Portunus pelagicus (Decapoda, Brachyura: Portunidae) from the Bitter Lakes, Suez Canal, Egypt

The reproductive characteristics of crabs play an important role in their fisheries management. The blue swimming crab Portunus pelagicus is one of the most commercially important crustaceans distributed along the Egyptian Coast; it has a great demand for their esteemed food. The spawning season of P. pelagicus was estimated based on three parameters: the monthly variation in both the maturity stages and in the gonado-somatic index (GSI) beside the histological examination of the ovarian structure. P. pelagicus was capable of continuous spawning throughout the year, where the mature stage was found to be distributed along the whole year indicating that crabs may be spawn at different times. P. pelagicus spawning mainly takes place twice, January-February (winter period) and June- August (summer period). As the monthly variation in GSI exhibit two distinct peaks in winter and summer. The mean size at which P. pelagicus became potentially reproductive (Lm50) was estimated to be 9.32 cm CW for males and 8.45 cm CW for females. To achieve the sustainable utilization, it is recommended to increase the minimum fishing size of this crab to at least 11.0 cm CW to protect the stock biomass and allow young individuals to reach the suitable marketable size.

Heavy Metal (Pb, Hg) Contained in Blue Swimming Crab (Portunus pelagicus Linnaeus, 1758) in Cengkok Coastal Waters, Banten Bay, Indonesia

Increasing number of industries and settlements in Banten Bay were subsequently followed by an increase in the amount of waste, whether in the form of solid, liquid or gas that can pollute the environment. One of the toxic pollutants is heavy metal.The entry mechanism of the heavy metal Mercury (Hg) and Lead (Pb) in body of the crab (Portunus pelagicus), namely through the process of digestion food. This study was conducted for 6 months, from March to August 2019, and aimed to analyze the heavy metal content levels (Pb and Hg) and the safe consumption level of the blue swimming crab (Portunus pelagicus) in the waters. The heavy metal concentration in the meat was measured through the AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer) AA 7000 series Shimadzu. The analysis showed that the Pb and Hg contained in the blue swimming crab were still under the quality standards. Also, the bio-concentration factors of the blue swimming crab were low (&lt;100). Water quality data observed as temperature, salinity, TSS, pH, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, and transparency stayed in the range of tolerable limits for the survival of marine organisms. Maximum weekly intake calculation refers to the tolerable limits issued by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA). The JECFA recommends calculating the PTWI of each heavy metal if it accumulates in the human body for methyl mercury 1.6 μg.kg bw.week-1 and for lead not exceed 25 μg.kg bw.week-1. The safety consumption level of blue swimming crab from Cengkok Coastal water was 2.3 kg of meat.week-1 (for adults) and 0.6 kg of meat.week-1 (for children).

Determining the Dose of Dietary Probiotic (Bacillus licheniformis) for the Nursing of Blue Swimming Crablets (Portunus pelagicus, L., 1758)

Various efforts have been made to use probiotics instead of antibiotics in aquaculture to solve the problem of low survival and slow growth of hatchlings. Selection of probiotics strain and their right dose have been the major challenges. Limited research has been done in blue swimming crab (Portunus pelagicus L., 1758). Therefore, present study was carried out to determine the effects of varying doses of probiotic Bacillus licheniformis 107 colony forming unit (CFU)/mL i.e. 0.0, 1.5, 3.0, and 6.0 mL/kg on the survival, growth and moulting of blue swimming crablets nursed for 45 days and determine the right dose. The four treatments were replicated thrice in 500 L plastic tanks. Regression analysis revealed that the probiotic dose had significant (P&lt;0.05) positive relationships with carapace length gain, weight gain, and moulting percentage; but negative relationship with food conversion ratio. Vibrio colony growth was significantly (P&lt;0.05) inhibited at the dose of 3.3 mL/kg feed or higher. Results showed that increased doses of Bacillus licheniformis enhanced the growth and moulting of blue swimming crablets. The highest moulting percentage of 89 % was found at an extrapolated dose of 6.9 mL/kg feed.

Identifying blue swimming crab (Portunus pelagicus) stocks with truss network analysis approach in Indonesian Fisheries Management Area 712

Exploitation rate of the blue swimming crab (BSC) in Indonesian Fisheries Management Area (FMA) 712 is over-optimum level in 2016. Stocks concern in sustainable management is needed as an effort to maintain its availability. The objective of this study is to identify the stock unit of BSC based on Truss Network Analysis (TNA) of morphometric characters in FMA 712. The BSC was collect in five different locations, i.e. East Lampung, Lancang Island, Cirebon, Rembang, and Southern Madura. Measurements on TNA were carried out at 14 landmark points with 29 characters in carapace to analyze its morphometric characters. The cluster analysis showed that TNA method revealed two stocks units of BSC in FMA 712. The first stock was the BSC population of Southern Madura, and the other stock was the other four population. The longest Euclidean distance was found at Southern Madura indicating similarity level with other populations was low. The discriminant analysis demonstrated the different result. There were three group populations, which every population in one group were able to represent the other population, namely Lancang Island-Cirebon, East Lampung-Rembang, and Southern Madura. Regarding to this study, it is recommended to manage BSC in Southern Madura separately.

Activation of prophenoloxidase and hyperglycemia as indicators of microbial stress in the blue swimmer crab Portunus pelagicus

Portunus pelagicus is exposed to different kinds of microorganisms leading to high metabolic stress that affects its life. The present study evaluates the activity of Phenoloxidase (PO), which is an enzyme that is actively involved in the activation of the immune defense system and hyperglycemia in P. pelagicus challenged with Escherichia coli and Vibrio harveyi injections. The results revealed a major impact of microbial injection on PO activity and significant variations in hemolymph glucose and CHH levels. Reduction of glucose level was observed after 24 h microbial incubation (275.26 ± 28.85 and 175.23 ± 21.70 μg/ml in V. harveyi and E. coli injected crabs, respectively). An elevated level of CHH (13.54 ± 0.55 fmol/ml) was observed in V. harveyi-injected crabs, and increased PO activity was recorded in E. coli-injected crabs. The results of the present study indicate that microbial stress leads to the activation of the defense system and hyperglycemia in P. pelagicus.

The Availability of Blue Swimming Crab (Portunus pelagicus, Linnaeus, 1758) in seaweed culture area of marine coastal waters

Seaweed cultures in marine coastal waters provide providing microhabitats, shelter, and food sources to fish and invertebrate. The availability of blue swimming crab (Portunus pelagicus) in seaweed culture area was conducted from October to December 2019 in the south coastal waters of Bulukumba Regency, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The purpose of the study was to assess the catch, size, and sex distribution of the blue swimming crab in the area. The crabs were caught by set bottom gillnets with 4 inches of mesh sizes and 300 m of a length. The carapace width (CW) and sex for each crab individual were recorded. The results of the study show that the total catch of 21 trips during 3-month fishing operation was 539 crabs that consist of 260 male (48.24 %) and 279 females (51.76 %). The (CW) of males ranged from 53.6 to 143.6 mm, while females ranged from 58.3 to 142.8 mm. There were 38 breeding crabs or 13.62 % from the female total. The carapace width of breeding crab ranged from 92.2 to 138.6 mm. Moreover, it needed to study in the area intensively.

Population genetic structure of blue swimming crab (Portunus pelagicus) in the Gulf of Thailand

Abstract. Supmee V, Sawusdee A, Sangthong P, Suppapan J. 2020. Population genetic structure of Blue Swimming Crab (Portunus pelagicus) in the Gulf of Thailand. Biodiversitas 21: 4260-4268. The Blue Swimming Crab (Portunus pelagicus) is an important commercial fishery product in the Gulf of Thailand. To provide a strategy for management, information on genetic features is needed. In our study, the population genetic structure and demographic history of the P. pelagicus living in the Gulf of Thailand were analyzed based on the variation of the nucleotide sequence of the mitochondrial DNA in the control region (mtDNA CR). Ninety-seven samples were collected from 5 sampling sites: Rayong, Chonburi, Chumphon, Surat Thani, and Nakhon Si Thammarat provinces in the Gulf of Thailand. Forty-nine haplotypes were identified and 39 private haplotypes were found. An AMOVA showed no genetic structure among populations. The pairwise FST also indicated no statistically significant difference between all possible regional combinations. The topology of a minimum spanning network revealed a star-like topology that was not separated by geographic structure. The historical demographic analysis revealed a stable population size for a long period and followed by a very recent expansion. An absence of a population structure of the P. pelagicus was possibly caused by a high level of gene flow. The results of this study differ from previous studies that used genetic markers in nuclear DNA. Thus, to clear the genetic structure information of P. pelagicus in the Gulf of Thailand, we suggested that more sensitive markers to detect genetic structure should be used in further analysis.

Spatial and temporal size structure abundance of the blue swimming crab (Portunus pelagicus) in Tiworo Strait, Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia

This study aimed to analyze spatial and temporal size abundance and sex ratio patterns of blue swimming crab (BSC). It was conducted from June to December 2018. Samples were taken monthly using collapsible pots and gillnets from different habitat characteristics of intertidal (station A), river mouth (station B), seagrass (station C and D), and depth of > 30 m (station E). Each sample was sexed, measured its CW (cm), and weighed its body weight (g). Those were classified according to sex and CW into: < 6.0 cm (juvenile), ≥ 6.0 - 9.0 cm (mature), and ≥ 9.0 cm (adult) and counted to perform abundance and sex ratio of each station and month. Results showed that juveniles were more abundant in station A, while mature abundance has no distribution pattern. Adults tended to be abundant in station E. Those may affect sex ratio in all stations and months. Male juvenile sex ratio preponderated over female in station A, while in other stations have no pattern. On the contrary, mature females preponderated over males in station A, but have no pattern in other stations, while adults showed females preponderated over males in station E. It implies that females of the blue swimming crab (BSC = Portunus pelagicus) prefer deep water having high salinity to release eggs.

Proportion and Total of Commodities Blue Swimming Crab (Portunus pelagicus Linnaeus, 1758) Catches in Gebang Mekar Village, Cirebon Regency, West Java Using Crab Gillnet and Collapsible Crab Trap

Blue swimming crab (Portunus pelagicus) is one of the high economic value commodities which causes increased efforts to catch blue swimming crab in Indonesia. The effort of catching continues to increase the blue swimming crab resources in the nature that has decreased. Cirebon Regency is one of the largest blue swimming crab fishing centers in West Java with a total value of blue swimming crab production in 2017 by 7,347 tons/year. This research was conducted to determine the selecitivity level of the crab gillnet and collapsible crab trap based on the proportion and total of catches obtained in Gebang Mekar Village, Cirebon Regency. Research was conducted in September 2019 – October 2019 in Gebang Mekar Village. For this research we used are primary data; collected directly during the observations includes catch type and weight of the catches and then interviews with several crab gillnet and collapsible crab trap fisherman and secondary data; data from official agencies and some literature. Our research suppose the moonlight phase effect of the blue swimming crab catch. Based on the research, it can be concluded that the crab gillnet with 3.5 inch mesh size and collapsible crab trap that operated in Gebang Mekar Village may be called a selective fishing gears but crab gillnet is more eficient as compared to collapsible crab.