Flowers Bloom Research Articles

ОРГАНІЗАЦІЯ ЗАПИЛЕННЯ ПЛОДОВО-ЯГІДНИХ КУЛЬТУР САДУ ІЗ ЗАЛУЧЕННЯМ РІЗНИХ ВИДІВ КОМАХ

The purpose of the research – to study the mutual existence of different types of insects competing for food sources and involved in garden crops. Methods and materials. The research was carried out on garden crops (cherry plum, apricot, cherry, pear, domestic apple) using honey bees, bumblebees, and osmium under the influence of temperature on the efficiency of pollination in the forest-steppe of the Kyiv region. Results. The organization of pollination of the main garden crops by insects begins with cherry plum, apricot, and cherry, the honey productivity of which is 40 kg/ha. Temperature fluctuations and unfavorable weather conditions do not allow honey bees to pollinate effectively, so other insect species more adapted to abnormal climate changes were used. The use of osmia, bumblebees, and honey bees for pollination was more effective since they complement each other due to different flight modes and different food requirements. Bumblebees and osmia fly out to collect food before honeybees, and they can also collect nectar with a sugar content within 4%, and bees prefer nectar with a content of 50-60%, but not less than 16-18%. When weather conditions improve, more flowers bloom, the nectar thickens, and as a result, the mobilization of the honey bee increases, which with its numbers covers the plant’s need for pollination. Conclusions. The simultaneous use of honey bees, osmia and bumblebees for the pollination of fruit and berry crops makes it possible to obtain an ovary on cherry plum of 86.8%, which is 11.2% more than when using only bees as pollinators; on apricot - 39.2% ( + 10.8%), cherries – 35.7% (+23.3%), pears – 64.8% (+29.2%), plums – 78.4% (+36.1%), domestic apple trees – 78.9 (+16.7%). Keywords. Honey bee, bumblebee, osmia, pollination, cherry plum, apricot, cherry, pear, plum, domestic apple tree.

From Patriarchal Motherhood to Feminist Mothering? The Depiction of the Single Mother Tongbaek in the K-drama When the Camellia Blooms (2019)

Abstract: The South Korean television series When the Camellia Blooms ( Tongbaekkot p'il muryŏp , 2019) was one of the highest-rated and most-discussed miniseries dramas of 2019. It is notable that the K-drama has succeeded in attracting viewers from all demographics. This popularity seems to be related to the issues that are highlighted in the drama, such as the #MeToo movement, misogynist murders, and new concepts of family. This article focuses on the portrayal of the single mother Tongbaek in the drama and argues that When the Camellia Blooms used intertextual references to other single mothers from Korean literature and film as a contrast to portray its own message as progressive. The title alone suggests understanding When the Camellia Blooms in relation to both the title of the short story When Buckwheat Flowers Bloom ( Memilkkot p'il muryŏp ) from 1936 and the film title Ms. Camellia ( Tongbaek agassi ) from 1964. Both the short story and the film depict the single mother as a self-victimizing character reduced to her role as mother. In contrast, the K-drama chooses the other extreme and celebrates the single mother as a self-sufficient heroine. While the drama's idealization of motherhood seems to be at odds with the feminism it promotes, the emphasis on solidarity and alternative parenting/caring communities toward the end of the series suggests a more open-minded narrative. I argue that by providing diverse messages on mothers, mothering, and motherhood, the drama stimulates the discussion on how to overcome patriarchal motherhood and move toward feminist mothering.

Effect of removing the spring flush and phosphor-nitrogenous fertilizing on fruit yield and quality of the late fruiting of cactus pear Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill

The aim of this work was to study the effect of removing the spring flush (scozzolatura practice) and phosphor-nitrogenous fertilizing on fruit yield and quality of the late fruiting of cactus pear Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill. To meet this objective, trials were carried out on an adult plantation of ‘Aissa’ cv in the experimental station of Hassan II Institute of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine in Agadir. The scozzolatura practice consisted of removing the whole spring flush of flowers and cladodes during full blooming (50% flowers in bloom). The amount of fertilization provided are: 0-0, 120-18 and 195-33 kg N-P2O5 ha-1. The soil of the site of trials contains a reserve of 30-12 kg N-P2O5 ha-1 and the treatments of fertilization studied are: (T0) (control without supply, only the reserve of soil) 30-12 kg N- P2O5 ha-1, (T1) 150-30 kg N-P2O5 ha-1 and (T2) 225-45 kg N-P2O5 ha-1. Obtained results showed that the scozzolatura practice reduced fruit yield, while it improved fruit size. Nitrogen and phosphorus (N-P) fertilizing increased fruit yield and size of scozzolaturated and not scozzolaturated plants with more effect on scozzolaturated plants and T2 treatment yielded more than the other treaments of fertilization. Interaction of the two factors scozzolatura practice and N-P fertilizing does not affect (p ˃ 0.05) fruit yield and size of scozzolaturated plants.

Effect of removing the spring flush and phosphor-nitrogenous fertilization on the reflowering and late ripening of cactus pear Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill

The aim of this work was to study the effect of removing the spring flush (scozzolatura practice) and phosphor-nitrogenous fertilization on the refloring and late ripening of cactus pear Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill. To meet this objective, trials were carried out on an adult plantation of cactus pear ‘Aissa’ in Agadir area during the 2018 season. The scozzolatura practice consisted of removing the whole spring flush of flowers and cladodes during full blooming (50% flowers in bloom). The fertilization doses provided are: 0-0, 120-18 and 195-33 kg N-P2O5 ha-1. The soil of the site of trials contains a reserve of 30-12 kg N-P2O5 ha-1 and the treatments of fertilization studied are: (T0: control without supply) 30-12 kg N- P2O5 ha-1, (T1) 150-30 kg N-P2O5 ha-1 and (T2) 225-45 kg N-P2O5 ha-1. Obtained results showed that the scozzolatura practice delayed the reflowering for 44 days compared to the spring flowering and the late fruiting for 54 days compared to seasonal fruiting. However, phosphor-nitrogenous fertilization does not affect significantly (p ˃ 0.05) the reflowering and late ripening of cactus pear. Appliying T2 treatment of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization after the scozzolatura practice improved the number of flowers (194) and cladodes (160) emitted per plant.

“At a Loss What to Do” to “Past Dark Willows and Flowers in Bloom”—The Transformation and Development of Paper Media in the New Media Era

“At a Loss What to Do” to “Past Dark Willows and Flowers in Bloom”—The Transformation and Development of Paper Media in the New Media Era

Exogenous Zinc Application and Generative Traits of Three Local Shallot Varieties

Increasing shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) production can be done by application of botanical or true shallot seeds (TSS). Meanwhile, it is well understood that botanical seeds are difficult to produce due to shallots' low flowering capacity. This study aimed to evaluate the generative traits of three local shallot varieties affected by various doses of zinc (Zn). This study was structured using a split-plot design, where the main plots were varieties (Lokana, Rubaru, and Ambassador 3 Agrihorti). In addition, the sub-plot treatment, the dose of zinc (0, 0.5, 1, and 1.5 kg ha-1), was repeated three times. There is an effect of the main factor (variety) where Rubaru and Ambassador 3 Agrihorti show the fastest umbel emergence. In addition, our data show the interaction effects on the age of sheat breaking, flower blooming (DAP), morphology traits of generative organs, and leaf traits. In detail, Lokana with a Zn dose of 1.5 ha-1 shows the best results on the length and diameter of the umbel stalk; Rubaru with Zn 1 kg ha-1 on the age of broken sheath and chlorophyll index; and the Ambassador 3 Agrihorti with Zn 0.5 kg ha-1 on the number of flowers. On the one hand, it can be concluded that each variety responded differently to the dose of Zn. Concerning seed production, on the other hand, the Ambassador 3 Agrihorti with Zn 0.5 kg ha-1 has better potential to be developed for TSS, as seen from the number of flowers per umbel, a higher percentage of flowering plants and a relatively fast flowering time than other varieties.

Perilaku Bunga Pukul Delapan (Tunera ulmifolia) Akibat Perlakuan Pemotongan Daun Dan Naungan

Sycanus is a UPDPKS predator that stays and gets food from the eight o'clock flower (Turnera ulmifolia). This study aims to determine the behavior of the eight o'clock flower due to leaf cutting and shading and its relationship with air temperature, air humidity and light intensity. This research is an experimental research, there are two treatment factors, factor 1 is leaf cutting and without cutting, factor 2 is without shading, 50% shading and 100% shading. Parameters observed were the duration of flower blooming, daily behavior of flowers, interval (duration) of flower bud blooming and weather conditions. The results showed that the eight o'clock flower without treatment experienced full bloom at 08.17 WIB and perfect bud at 13.32 WIB with a blooming duration of 4 hours 17 minutes. The process of blooming and buds takes longer in the treatment of 100% shading. Air temperature in the treatment without shade and 50% shade increased in temperature 30 minutes before the flowers bloomed and 30 minutes after the flowers experienced full bud with a maximum temperature of 35.8oC. The effect of microclimate in each treatment on blooming behavior was marked when the air temperature and light intensity increased followed by a decrease in air humidity and would bud again when the air temperature and light intensity were higher and the air humidity was lower.

Study of a Multiple Responses, High Deformation, and Programmable PLA-PPC/PVA-PDA Actuator.

The intelligent response actuators based on bilayer polymer can deform under the stimulation of temperature, humidity, light, and other external environment, which is the focus of research. However, achieving multiple responses, high deformation, and programmability is still one of the challenges for these actuators. Herein, a nondetachable bilayer structure, polylactic acid-polypropylene carbonate/polyvinyl alcohol-polydopamine (PLA-PPC/PVA-PDA) multiresponse programmable actuatorisprepared by a simple scraping film method. Using PLA-PPC as the solvent-driven response layer, the effects of length, thickness, shape, and solvent vapor on the deformation of PLA-PPC/PVA-PDA actuatorsarestudied. Among them, the high curvature of the film stimulated by ethyl acetate (EA) solutionis 29.85cm-1 . Using PVA-PDA as the response layer to water molecules and infrared (IR) light, the bilayer film shows excellent curling performance. Moreover, the dynamic processes of human clothing and biomimetic squid under solvent stimulation, the picture rolling motion under water molecule stimulation, the biomimetic flower blooming and merging under the synergistic of water molecules and IR light, and the deformation process of biomimetic mimosa under the competition between water molecules and IR lightaresimulated, which broadens the road for the development of intelligent driving materials.

Induction and Characterization of Mutations Related to Dwarf Habit in Hardy Hibiscus (Muenchhusia section)

Hybrids between various species of Hibiscus in the Muenchhusia section are popular in commercial markets due to their colorful, floriferous blooms. However, many commercial cultivars are too vigorous for use in smaller garden spaces and often have only a few flowers in bloom. Stable, heritable mutants exhibiting dwarf stature and better branching architecture will be valuable to the commercial production of hardy Hibiscus. The goal of this project was to induce stable, heritable mutations using ethyl methanesulfonate that result in increased branching and a dwarf compact phenotype and introgress the compact phenotypes into lines of hardy Hibiscus to generate a series of diverse compact cultivars for use in commercial markets. Multiple mutations associated with dwarf, compact phenotypes were successfully induced. Hybridizations were made between M2 plants displaying a dwarf phenotype and hybrids developed through conventional breeding that do not possess the dwarf mutation in their background to develop diverse selections of dwarf plants. Inheritance patterns of the dwarf genes were determined through the segregation ratios of the dwarf phenotype in the F1 and F2 generations of these hybrids. Compared with wild-type progeny, dwarf progeny had shorter internode lengths and a greater number of primary branches.

Effect of Shoot Bending at Different Time on Production and Quality of Hybrid Tea Rose Cultivar Minu Pearle

A field experiment was undertaken from September to March for two consecutive years (2020 and 2021) to find out the best time for shoot bending in Hybrid Tea rose. Growth and development of rose cultivar Minu Pearle, was significantly influenced by shoot bending at different time (4th week of September to 4th week of December). Among the treatments tallest plants & maximum leaf area was produced in plants bended on T5 whereas, the plant canopy was registered to be maximum in 2nd week of December. The highest rate of shoot elongation at 15 & 30 days after shoot bending was noted in second week of November and October respectively. Application of shoot bending on 2nd week of October recorded early blooming and slowest flower bud emergence was registered in T5whereas, delayed sepal reflex and maximum days taken to attain cup shape was observed in T6. In terms of flower quality parameters like length and diameter of flower bud and pedicel and weight of individual flower, T5 proved to be superior. Shoot bending applied on 2nd week of November (T4) produced long and thick stalks. Among the treatments maximum number of flowers, longest self and vase life, highest dry matter production from leaves and stem, greater chlorophyll and anthocyanin content was observed in T5.

단편소설 서사기법으로서의 3S 플롯

This paper proposes the 3S plot as a valid methodology for short-story narrative techniques. The 3S plot is an application of three elements represented by English words starting with s, namely situation, space, and stage, which are combined in a short story. To explain the principle, I analyzed Hwang Soon-won’s “Hak Crane” and Oh Henry’s “20 Years Later,” followed by novels that represent each regiment, such as Lucky Day (Hyun Jin-gun, 1924), When Buckwheat Flowers Bloom (Lee Hyo-seok, 1936), Two Generations Who Suffered (Ha Geun-chan, 1959), Mujin Travel (Kim Seung-ok, 1964), Way to Sampo (Hwang Seok-young, 1973), and Father’s Land (Im Chul-woo, 1981).
 In the 3S plot, situation refers to an intensive present time with past events based on the characteristics of a narrative in which short stories are aggregated. Space is built by adding specificity and a sense of reality as a site where events take place. Stage refers to the dramatic scene in which the case is resolved—especially at the end—and its effect. Short stories can have a significant effect with 3S plots that provide specificity and reality, while the character is highlighted based on situations that strengthen concentration by aggregating past events in the current situation.
 In such a 3S plot, it is not reasonable to only state past events without considering the time condition of the present or to present situations in which the intervention of past events is weak. In addition, the 3S plot is explained more flexibly when the space reveals aspects such as space movement or distribution of places and when the stage effect seems to be insignificant due to an open ending that does not show a clear solution to the case.

Fenologi Fase Pembungaan dan Perbuahan serta Produksi Polen pada Tanaman Kacang Panjang Kultivar Sabrina

Yardlong beans (Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis (L.) Verdc.) is a vegetable source of vitamins and minerals which are quite widely cultivated in Indonesia. Phenology study the phases that occur in a plant that is provides benefits in agriculture, but information on the phenology of legumes crops in Indonesia is still scarce. This study aims to observe the reproductive phenology and pollen production of the yardlong bean cultivar Sabrina. A phenological study was carried on 7 plants to obtain information on the timing and duration of the reproductive period, inflorescence and fruiting phases, peak flowering time, and flower biology. Pollen production was observed in 5 samples of flowers. Pollen microscopic preparations were made using the acetolysis method. The results showed that the flowering and fruiting phases took 21-29 days; including flower initiation phase 7-10 days, small bud phase 1day, large bud phase 1 day, anthesis phase 1-2 days, and fruit development phase 11-15 days. Flower initiation occurred 36 days after planting (DAP), and flower blooming occurred 49 DAP. The peak of flowering occurred at 56-62 DAP. The flowers of the Sabrina cultivar have purplish-white corollas, producing about 276±23.58 pollen/anther.

RETRACTED: Temperature and pH endurable self-assembled camellia-like nanostructure achieved on zinc sheet with superamphiphobicity for fog harvesting

Easy-implement and low-cost fabrication of super-hydrophobic/super-oleophobic materials is vital for efficient fog harvesting. In this study, we introduce a simple two-step procedure based on Cu/1-octadecanethiol (ODT) self-assembled monolayer (SAM) modified zinc plates. Intriguingly, the process emulates the natural blooming of flowers: copper particle deposition and subsequent SAM formation lead to the progressive expansion of the surface, culminating in camellia-like nanostructures. The ensuing materials display water contact angle (WCA) and oil contact angle (OCA) of 160 ± 1° and 159 ± 1°, respectively. The formation of a layered petal structure that effectively traps air is recognized as the crucial factor in achieving superamphiphobicity. In addition to enhanced fog collection, the materials exhibit exceptional performance in acidic and basic environments (1 ≤ pH ≤ 14) as well as artificial seawater conditions. Furthermore, they demonstrate remarkable wear resistance and self-cleaning capabilities. The combination of these attributes ensures the robustness and stability necessary for efficient fog collection.

Matka i Syn w "Ogrodzie rozkosznym Miłości Bożej" Adriana Wieszczyckiego

The article examines family relationships shown in the poetic cycle entitled The Delightful Garden of God’s Love by Adrian Wieszczycki. Attention is drawn to the status of the Holy Family, especially to the figures of Mary and Jesus, and their role in the work of salvation was analyzed. It is noticed that the Mother of God and her Son – apart from the strictly human relationship – are connected by a bond that goes beyond the canon of the traditional family, and thus beyond the accepted patterns of behavior and relationships with other people. The author also analyzed the form of poetic expression, i.e., a combination of the following forms: cloister and emblematic, resulting in a very original and intricate construction. The poems have a meditative character, and the composition of the cycle is based on the mysteries of the Rosary that tell the History of Salvation. The poet created a literary garden in which specific flowers bloom: lilies symbolizing the Immaculate Conception of the Blessed Virgin Mary, the Virgin Mary and Christ, the Lover and the Beloved; roses referring to the attributes of Mary, the Passion of Christ and royal power; and amaranths, which are a symbol of immortality. The Holy Family is an inspiration and a role model for secular families, and its eternal status is constituted by the presence of angels.

LA PRINSE ET MORT DU ROY RICHART D'ANGLETERRE

When cold Winter has taken his leave and Spring clothes the world in green again, and when bushes and flowers bloom in profusion in the fields, and birds sing sweetly for joy, you can hear the song of the nightingale which makes the hearts of lovers happy and carefree.

Blooming characteristics and breeding system of an invasive plant Gaura parviflora.

The invasiveness and dissemination of exotic species are strongly influenced by its sexual reproduction characteristics, including blooming characteristics and breeding system. Exploring the association of these sexual reproductive traits with invasiveness would be helpful for revealing the mechanism of its successful invasion. We examined the blooming characteristics and breeding system of Gaura parviflora based on field observations, out-crossing index (OCI) estimation, and hand-pollination experiments. The results showed flowering duration of the G. parviflora population (flowering period) was short (more than 3 months). The life span of single flower (floral longevity) was 40.46 h. Its flower diameter was 3.99 mm. Over seven flowers in bloom per inflorescence and most individuals often bloomed synchronously, which showed a 'mass-flowering pattern'. The changing trend of pollen and stigma vitality was relatively similar, but the duration of stigma vitality was 2 h longer than that of pollen. The stigma and the anthers were close to each other at the initial flowering stage, but the stigma removed from the anthers at the full-blooming stage with the style curving downwards. Many pollinators visited flowers in late full-blooming stage, which were mainly Apis mellifera and Syrphidae spp. Their average visiting frequency was 9.8 times·m-2·h-1. The fruit set in natural pollination after emasculation treatment (insect or wind pollination) was signi-ficantly higher than that in bagged and emasculation treatment, and the treatment of emasculated and bagged with nylon net (excluding insect pollination) could also bear fruits, indicating possible existence of ambophily in G. parviflora. The results of pollen ovule ratio (P/O) mensuration, OCI estimation and hand-pollination experiments showed that its mating system type belonged to additive mixed mating system. So, its characteristics, such as smaller flower size, shorter floral longevity and flowering period, were conducive to allocating more resources to plant growth and seed development, which would help improve its total fitness. The changes of spatial position of male and female organs not only avoided interference between male and female functions, but also created opportunities for stigmas to receive outcross pollen. In addition, the 'mass-flowering pattern' was conducive to attracting pollinators. The pollination mechanism of ambophily was helpful to ensure cross-pollination. The additive mixed mating system could provide double reproductive assurance for this species. These reproductive characteristics were significant for the successful invasion and expansion of G. parviflora.

The spatiotemporal signature of cherry blossom flowering across Japan revealed via analysis of social network site images

Understanding how changing climatic conditions are impacting flowering plants typically requires intensive effort and expense to sample a local site regularly over long periods of time. The logistics of organising detailed surveys of an extensive area to provide a wider perspective are even more inhibitive. Data on flower bloom patterns across areas stretching hundreds or thousands of kilometres, and with a temporal resolution down to 1 or 2 weeks, is nevertheless very valuable, should it be feasible to collect. To understand the potential for contemporary data to record such flowering patterns, we studied Japan, a country where cherry (Sakura, 桜) flower viewing (Hanami) is a national cultural practice stretching back hundreds of years, and in which contemporary citizens and visitors commonly photograph blossoms to share on social network sites (SNS). We employed the big data this activity creates, within an iEcology framework, by collecting images from the SNS Flickr over the decade 2008–2018. We developed a custom filtering pipeline to validate this extracted data against established databases of historical flowering times. Our results reveal unprecedented detail of the spatiotemporal pattern over which cherry blossoms seasonally sweep from southern to northern Japan during a 12 week period. They also were sufficiently sensitive to reveal a subtle out of peak season bloom. This novel approach and data source therefore provides a simultaneously broad and detailed perspective that communicates the seasonal ecological phenomenon of cherry tree flowering.

OBSERVATION ON THE FLOWER-VISITING INSECTS OF ROSE (Rosa spp.) IN A RESIDENTIAL LANDSCAPE AREA

Many ornamental plants are aseasonal, providing continuous food supply which leads to survival of many flower-visiting insects. Although the flower-visiting insects are always perceived as pollinators, not all visitation actually resulted in pollination of the flowers. Thus, this study aimed to identify the flower-visiting insects of a common ornamental plant, Rosa spp., and to determine their potential role as pollinators from their foraging behaviour at the flowers. Data collection was conducted in Jasin, Melaka, in 2021. A camera was set up approximately 0.5 meter from the full bloom flower, throughout its anthesis period. From the video footage, the parameters recorded were visitation frequency, visitation type (legitimate and illegitimate visitation) and the time spent at the flower. As a result, 253 visitations were recorded by six insect taxa; four from the order Hymenoptera, and one each from the order Lepidoptera and Diptera. A hymenopteran bee, Halictidae sp. was found to show the highest visitation frequency. Only three species; Halictidae sp., Heterotrigona itama and Amegilla sp. showed legitimate visits. For the time spent (mean ± SE), Halictidae sp. (30.08 ± 4.87 minute) recorded significantly longer time as compared to other visitors (H = 13.78, df = 4, p < 0.01). Based on the visitation rate, time spent and visitation type, Halictidae sp. showed the highest potential as pollinator for Rosa spp., followed by H. itama and Amegilla sp. It is important to understand the contributions of the ornamental plants such as Rosa spp. as food source to these insects for conservation of these pollinating agents. Not only these flowers help in the survival of pollinating agents throughout the years, these pollinating agents also contribute to the survival of the flowering plants by facilitating the pollination process of the flowers they visited.

Detection of Chrysanthemums Inflorescence Based on Improved CR-YOLOv5s Algorithm.

Accurate recognition of the flowering stage is a prerequisite for flower yield estimation. In order to improve the recognition accuracy based on the complex image background, such as flowers partially covered by leaves and flowers with insignificant differences in various fluorescence, this paper proposed an improved CR-YOLOv5s to recognize flower buds and blooms for chrysanthemums by emphasizing feature representation through an attention mechanism. The coordinate attention mechanism module has been introduced to the backbone of the YOLOv5s so that the network can pay more attention to chrysanthemum flowers, thereby improving detection accuracy and robustness. Specifically, we replaced the convolution blocks in the backbone network of YOLOv5s with the convolution blocks from the RepVGG block structure to improve the feature representation ability of YOLOv5s through a multi-branch structure, further improving the accuracy and robustness of detection. The results showed that the average accuracy of the improved CR-YOLOv5s was as high as 93.9%, which is 4.5% better than that of normal YOLOv5s. This research provides the basis for the automatic picking and grading of flowers, as well as a decision-making basis for estimating flower yield.

Continuity: Sharing Space in teamLab’s Digital Ecosystems

In 2021, the Asian Art Museum of San Francisco inaugurated the opening of its new contemporary wing with teamLab: Continuity. The immersive exhibition spanned six galleries and was fully interactive via sensors and digital projection mapping technology; flowers bloom and grow, flying crows burst into colorful chrysanthemums, and butterflies are born or killed at a moment’s touch. The digital objects dynamically interact with one another and with humans, blurring boundaries between art, participant, and technology. This article examines Continuity as a “collective interactive experience” situated within a digital ecosystem. It explores teamLab’s approach to the natural environment and its digital replication, with a focus on the relationship between humans and machines in shared exhibition spaces.