Blocking Research Articles

Albendazol Duyarlıya Karşı Albendazol Dirençli Nematodlar - Mitokondrial Ultra-Strüktürel Değişiklikler

Mikrotubul inhibitorleri uzerine yapilan calismalar, tubulin ve mikrotubuller arasindaki denge kaybinin mitokondriyada bircok histokimyasal degisiklige neden olabilecegini gostermistir. Bu denge bozulmasinin benzimidazol anthelmentik (BZ) aktivitesinin de temeli oldugu dusunulmektedir. Calismalarda BZ’nin duyarli olanlarin aksine BZ-direncli Haemonchus contortus tubulinine baglanmadigi gosterilmistir. Bu egilim degisikligi optik dansitedeki degismeler ile kolaylikla belirlenebilir ve H.contortus mitokondriyasinin duyarli (koyu) ve direncli (berrak, degismemis) zonlar seklinde siniflandirilmasini kolaylastirabilir. Bu hipotezi teyit edebilmek amaciyla, biz calismamiza koyun intestinal sisteminden toplanan albendazol (ABZ) direncli ve duyarli H.contortus bireyleri ile basladik ve Elektron Mikroskopisi Transmisyonu (EMT) teknigi kullanarak mitokondriyal ozellikleri tanimlamayi hedefledik. EMT, ABZ uygulamalarindan sadece dort saat gibi bir sure sonra duyarli trikostrongilianlarin yapisinin hizla etkilenmis oldugunu dogruladi. Duyarli helmintlerin intestinal mitokondriyalarinda gorulen baslica degisiklikler; “krista kalinlasmasi ve sayida ve hucresel membran kalinlasmasinda azalma” olarak belirlendi. Antihelmentik uygulamadan on iki saat sonra metabolik islevsellikte tam bir blokaj gozlemlendi ve son olarak da, bu degisiklikler mitokondriyanin optik dansitesini tamamen degistirmistir. ABZ direncli populasyonlarda, optik dansite normal kalmis; krista sayisi, direncli nematod mitokondriya islevselligi ya da boyutu degismemistir.

Desarrollo e implantación de un protocolo perioperatorio de enfermería en cirugía plástica mamaria ambulatoria

Perioperative nursing cares place the patients in the best possible conditions for their recovery at home. This fact together with the blocking of the thorac...

Nymble: Blocking Misbehaving Users In Anonymizing Networks

Nymble: Blocking Misbehaving Users In Anonymizing Networks

O estágio último do capital: a crise e a dominação do capital financeiro no mundo

Nos limites deste artigo, analisaram-se os vários elementos da onda de transformações ocorridas no âmbito da economia capitalista mundial nos últimos decênios. Estas resultaram de medidas contra tendências, visando ao bloqueio e à superação da crise estrutural decorrente do esgotamento do crescimento de longa duração do pós-Segunda Grande Guerra. Contraditoriamente, ao tempo em que as mudanças introduzidas se revelaram poderosas alavancas inovadoras nos planos produtivo e financeiro, também carregaram conteúdos profundamente regressivos. Transformou-se profundamente o capitalismo, mas sem a consolidação de uma nova base sólida para remunerar crescentemente o grande capital, em substituição ao ciclo fechado no início dos anos 1970. Os países "subdesenvolvidos" e "emergentes" reproduzem, com algumas especificidades, tais contradições sob a dominação do capital financeiro. Por conseguinte, o novo modelo de reprodução do capitalismo do tempo presente exibe limites visíveis. Prolonga a crise orgânica que se desdobra em regressões ameaçadoras aos destinos da humanidade, mas não sem criar novas bases para uma superação anticapitalista.

Blockings in the Northern hemisphere and Euro-Atlantic region: Estimates of changes from reanalysis data and model simulations

430 Anomalously hot weather in summer 2010 in Euro� pean Russia was initiated by the longterm (about two months) blocking of zoned circulation in the middle� latitude troposphere in the Northern hemisphere (NH) (1, 2). Could we have expected such long block� ing? Are current models able to describe the corre� sponding processes? Will these events occur in the future? To answer these questions, we analyzed the blocking activity in the NH atmosphere using reanal� ysis data and model simulations for the twentieth and twentyfirst centuries under different scenarios of anthropogenic impact. According to the results obtained, the current climatic models make it possible to reconstruct regional anomalies related to atmo� spheric blockings and their variations. According to the observation data (3), the blocking

Acute Propafenone Toxicity Discovered after Unknown Onset of Symptoms

Propafenone is a class 1C antiarrhythmic with sodium channel and beta bloc king properties. At toxic doses it causes wide range of arrhythmias including cardiac conduction abnormalities, AV block and prolonga tion of QRS complexes that may be fatal. In this paper we report a young female patient who had unstab le hemodynamic condition due topropafenone ingestion estimated to be 6000 mgr and successfully treated with bicarbonate therapy. Bicarbonate therapy seem s to be effectivein propafenone intoxication andemergency physicians might be familiar to sodium channel blocking agent toxidromes and potential benefits of bicarbonate administration.

The Law and Economics of Network Neutrality

The Federal Communications Commission's Network Neutrality Order regulates how broadband networks explain their services to customers, mandates that subscribers be permitted to deploy whatever computers, mobile devices, or applications they like for use with the network access service they purchase, imposes a prohibition upon unreasonable discrimination in network management such that Internet Service Provider efforts to maintain service quality (e.g. mitigation congestion) or to price and package their services do not burden rival applications. This paper offers legal and economic critique of the new Network Neutrality policy and particularly the no blocking and no discrimination rules. While we argue the FCC‘s rules are likely to be declared beyond the scope of the agency's charter, we focus upon the economic impact of net neutrality regulations. It is beyond paradoxical that the FCC argues that it is imposing new regulations so as to preserve the Internet's current economic structure; that structure has developed in an unregulated environment where firms are free to experiment with business models - and vertical integration - at will. We demonstrate that Network Neutrality goes far further than existing law, categorically prohibiting various forms of economic integration in a manner equivalent to antitrust's per se rule, properly reserved for conduct that is so likely to cause competitive harm that the marginal benefit of a fact-intensive analysis cannot be justified. Economic analysis demonstrates that Network Neutrality cannot be justified upon consumer welfare grounds. Further, the Commission's attempt to justify its new policy simply ignores compelling evidence that “open access” regulations have distorted broadband build-out in the United States, visibly reducing subscriber growth when imposed and visibly increasing subscriber growth when repealed. On the other, the FCC manages to cite just one study - not of the broadband market - to support its claims of widespread foreclosure threats. This empirical study, upon closer scrutiny than the Commission appears to have given it, actually shows no evidence of anti-competitive foreclosure. This fatal analytical flaw constitutes a smoking gun in the FCC's economic analysis of net neutrality.

Does Junior Inherit? Refinancing and the Blocking Power of Second Mortgages

Does Junior Inherit? Refinancing and the Blocking Power of Second Mortgages

A very real and practical contribution? Lessons from the Kalimantan Forests and Climate Partnership

On 9 September 2007, Australian government ministers and the Indonesian president announced a A$100 million Kalimantan Forests and Climate Partnership (KFCP). This would involve protecting 70,000 hectares of peat forests, reflooding 200,000 hectares of dried peatland, and planting 100 million trees in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Since then, the ambitions of the KFCP have been quietly but drastically scaled back. The area expected to be reflooded by the project is now just over 10 per cent of the original target. And little progress has been made on the ground. Four years on, blocking of the large canals required for reflooding has yet to commence, and only 50,000 trees have been planted. What has happened to what was labelled at its launch as “a very real and very practical contribution”, one that would yield “immediate and tangible results”? We analyse the KFCP both as an aid “announceable” and as a REDD project, and reach two main conclusions. First, the KFCP illustrates the damage that an emphasis on “announcing” new projects, and a lack of attention to reporting on project progress, can cause to aid. Not enough has been done to publicly reposition the KFCP as a much smaller, demonstration project.

On blocking

On blocking

Block-ing Pain with Jiffy Toothache Drops

Block-ing Pain with Jiffy Toothache Drops

Gas composition of the surface air in Moscow during the extreme summer of 2010

In summer 2010, anomalously hot weather occurred in the European part of Russia. It was caused by a blocking anticyclone of an unusually high intensity. West winds were stopped in the whole column of the troposphere, from the Earth's surface up to the lower stratosphere, for two months. During this entire period, the concentration of gaseous and aerosol pol� lutants grew in the nearsurface air. In the end of July and the first half of August, this extreme situation become even more complicated due to the arrival of air masses from the areas of forest, peat, and grass fires to Moscow. By the measurements data from the station of the Institute of Physics of the Atmosphere, Russian Academy of Sciences (IPA RAS), the concentrations of reactive gases NO, NO 2 , CO, and O 3 exceeded both the average daily and the general maximum permissi� ble concentration (MPC). The concentrations of greenhouse gases CO2, CH4, and other hydrocarbons were also excessive. Analysis of variation in gas content in the nearsurface air and in the atmospheric bound� ary layer has shown a close dependence on vertical stratification of the atmosphere. The blocking anticyclone above the European part of Russia recorded in summer 2010 significantly exceeded all the previously recorded ones in its dura� tion. According to (1), the duration of summer block� ing anticyclones in the Northern and Southern Hemi� spheres has not exceeded three weeks for the last forty years, while the longest periods of anticyclonic weather in winter have not lasted more than a month. Anomalies in the frequency and intensity of atmo� spheric blockings were recorded most often in the years of El Nino/La Nina phenomenon, including 2010 (see, for instance, (2)). The formed hot weather lead to the outbreak of numerous forest and peat wildfires. In total, 29 000 wild� fires were recorded in summer 2010 with a total burned area of 1.2 million ha (3). And though the wildfire intensity in 2010 was weaker than in some other years (e.g., 40 000 wildfires with a total burned area of about 1.5 million ha were recorded in 1972; 28 000 wildfires of 4.2 million ha, in 1998; 29 000 wildfires of 2.4 mil� lion ha, in 2009), the economic, ecological, and social consequences were more significant. The most important consequence of the emer� gency situation that appeared in summer 2010 was change in the chemical composition of the atmo� sphere above the European territory of Russia and West Siberia. Cities and settlements were covered with a dense haze when they happened to be in smoke trails of forest and peat wildfires. The presence of obviously extreme quantities of aerosols in the nearsurface air caused extreme concern and a demand for introduc� tion of required protective activities (3). No less nega� tive an effect on people's health and ecosystems was made by a significant change in gas composition of the atmosphere.

Optimal perturbations triggering weather regime transitions: Onset of blocking and strong zonal flow

In this paper, the approach proposed by Mu and Jiang (2008) to obtain the optimal perturbations for triggering blocking (BL) onset is generalized to seek the optimal perturbations triggering onset of the strong zonal flow (SZF) regime. The BL and SZF regimes are characterized by the same dipole-like anomaly pattern superposed on the climatological flow, but with opposite sign. The results show that this method is also superior at finding the initial optimal perturbations triggering onset of the SZF regime, especially in the medium range.

혼-타의 수평틈새가 캐비테이션에 미치는 영향에 관한 수치적 연구

AbstractRecently, as container ships become larger and faster, rudder cavitations are more frequently observed near the gap between the horn and rudder pl ates of the ships to cause serious damages to the rudder surface of the ship. The authors already have suggested through a series of model experiments and numerical computation s that employment of an appropriate blocking device for gap flow may retard the gap cav itation. For examples, a cam device installed near the outer edges of the vertical gap or a water-injection device combined with a pair of half-round bars installed inside the gap can considerably reduce the gap cavitation. However, it is also found that effective bl ocking of the flow through the vertical gap results in growth of the cavitation near the horiz ontal gap instead. In the present study, effectiveness of the simultaneous blocking of th e flow through the horizontal and vertical gaps of a horn type rudder in minimizing the damag e by gap cavitation is studied. Additional blocking disks are inserted inside the hori zontal gaps on the top and bottom of the pintle block and numerical computations are carri ed out to confirm the combined effect of the blocking devices.

Blocking solution for FISH

Blocking solution for FISH

Blocking solution for rabbit

Blocking solution for rabbit

Wallaby blocking solution

Wallaby blocking solution

BM blocking solution (1X)

BM blocking solution (1X)

Changes in atmospheric circulation over the North Atlantic and sea‐surge variations along the Belgian coast during the twentieth century

AbstractWintertime (October‐to‐March period) 99th percentile of sea level (sea surges) at Ostend has increased at a rate of + 3 mm/year (+1 mm/year) from 1925 to 2000. Relationships between daily sea surge at Ostend and five weather regimes—Zonal (ZO), East Atlantic (EA), Greenland Above (GA), Blocking (BL), and Atlantic Ridge (AR)—over the northeast Atlantic and Europe (40°W–40°E, 30° –70°N) are analysed during the period of 1925–2000. More than 70% of sea surges ≥ 65 cm occur during the AR weather regime, ahead of low pressure travelling on a northern track from Iceland to Scandinavia. The relationships between monthly/wintertime frequency of the AR weather regime and 99th percentile of sea surge at Ostend tend to strengthen during the twentieth century: for example, correlation between wintertime frequencies of AR and 99th percentile of sea surge increases from 0.21 in 1925–1950 to 0.74 in 1975–2000. This increase is associated with the pressure rise over the near Atlantic, between (30°W and 15°W), (30°N and 50°N), leading to an increase in the frequency of strong surge‐related pressure gradient during AR days. Copyright © 2009 Royal Meteorological Society

Blocking solution (L)

Blocking solution (L)