Blockchain Research Articles

Intention to adopt blockchain technology for zakat management in Indonesia

Purpose This paper aims to analyze intention for applying blockchain-based technology in zakat management regarding the readiness of zakat institutions and muzakki in Indonesia. Design/methodology/approach This research is a mixed method, namely, using qualitative research to examine the readiness of practitioner and academics in welcoming blockchain-based financial technology and using quantitative research to measure people’s knowledge and intentions to adopt zakat using blockchain technology based on UTAUT theory (Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology). Findings The findings indicate that performance expectancy, social influence, facilitating conditions and sentiment positively affect the intention to adopt blockchain technology in zakat payments, while effort expectancy do not. Additionally, interviews reveal that practitioners and academics support blockchain technology but are unprepared for its implementation. Practical implications The implications of this study suggest important directions for policy makers, notably zakat institutions, supporting the application of blockchain technology and the adaptation of user-friendly information system services to meet the requirements of zakat service users. Originality/value This study fills the gap in previous research by offering a more comprehensive analysis of the collaboration between zakat and blockchain technology through three different perspectives, namely, practitioners (BAZNAS), academics and users of zakat services (muzakki).

The Mediating Impact of Organizational Innovation on the Relationship Between Fintech Innovations and Sustainability Performance

The paper explores the impact of digital payment systems, blockchain technology, and AI/machine learning on innovation and sustainability in financial organizations. As part of the analysis, the study has adopted an explanatory research design and has used SmartPLS in order to analyze the data collected from 230 professionals of different fields through a structured questionnaire. The results show positive effects of digital payment systems and blockchain technology on organizations’ innovations with the impact of digital payments being the most pronounced. Empirical results suggest that these technologies are important to improve sustainability performance, depending on measures of internal consistency and discriminant validity among the proposed constructs. Al, also machine learning, has the highest relevance with environmental sustainability, thereby underlining the importance and work of such measures. Based on the Resource-Based View (RBV) theory, the study also explains the need for the organization to assimilate these innovations to enhance the organizational operations, customer satisfaction, and compliance with the laws. The study highlights fintech’s potential to address environmental issues and enhance societal goals, but geographical limitations may obstruct its transportability.

Blockchain and deep learning technology for comprehensive improvement of transaction information quality

Blockchain and deep learning technology for comprehensive improvement of transaction information quality

A Systematic Review of Fast, Scalable, and Efficient Hardware Implementations of Elliptic Curve Cryptography for Blockchain

Blockchain technology entered the enterprise domain under the name of permissioned blockchains and hybrid or verifiable database systems, as they provide a distributed solution that allows multiple distrusting parties to share common information. One drawback of these systems is the overhead added by the cryptographic functions which impacts the throughput in terms of transactions per second and increases the latency of transaction processing. Many of the cryptographic functions and protocols used in blockchains are based on Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC). Unfortunately, ECC operations such as modulo inverse or scalar point multiplication have considerable latency which causes the slowdown of the entire system. In such situations, reconfigurable computing architectures, such as FPGAs, can be used to offload these tasks to overcome the performance loss. This survey analyzes the current state-of-the-art designs and implementations of ECC from a hardware perspective. We use a PRISMA-based approach to filter recent publications and to reduce their number from over 16,000 to only 43 highly relevant designs. In the end, we show that very few designs are able to fulfill all three properties of high performance, scalability, and efficiency.

Differentiated Real-time Pricing Strategy for Maximizing Social Welfare Based on Blockchain Technology

Differentiated Real-time Pricing Strategy for Maximizing Social Welfare Based on Blockchain Technology

Postharvest Management Techniques for Improved Shelf Life of Horticultural Crops: A Review

Postharvest management in horticulture is important for maintaining the quality, safety, and shelf life of produce, significantly impacting global food security and economic stability. This review explores critical advancements in postharvest practices, focusing on quality control, safety standards, and emerging technologies. Postharvest quality assessment involves the evaluation of physical, chemical, and sensory attributes, supported by microbiological testing to ensure food safety. Global standards like HACCP, GlobalG.A.P., and ISO 22000 provide frameworks for ensuring compliance and market access. Technological innovations, including near-infrared spectroscopy, hyperspectral imaging, and smart sensors, enable precise, real-time monitoring of produce quality, enhancing operational efficiency. Emerging technologies are revolutionizing the field; nanotechnology offers advanced packaging solutions that improve shelf life and food safety, while drones and AI enhance postharvest monitoring and logistics through real-time data collection and predictive analytics. Blockchain technology introduces unprecedented levels of traceability and transparency, ensuring accountability and rapid response to food safety issues. The integration of these technologies not only improves the efficiency and sustainability of postharvest systems but also aligns with consumer demands for high-quality, safe, and sustainably sourced produce. This holistic approach reduces post- harvest losses, enhances market competitiveness, and contributes to global efforts in ensuring food security. The synergy of traditional quality control methods with cutting-edge technologies paves the way for a resilient and adaptive post- harvest management system that meets the evolving challenges of the agricultural sector.

Advancing corporate sustainability via big data analytics, blockchain innovation, and organizational dynamics—A cross‐validated predictive approach

AbstractIn today's business landscape, the paramount focus of firms is to achieve advanced corporate sustainability. This objective has led to the development of big data analytics, reliable big and cloud data analytics capabilities, and blockchain technology as powerful tools worldwide that have helped firms increase sustainable performance. Capitalizing on these technologies, this study provides new insight into the role data‐driven competitive sustainability, data‐driven culture, and organizational management information in steering firms' performance. Using a quantitative research approach, data was collected through a structured survey administered to managers and IT professionals across various industries. The relationships between the variables were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM), confirming that all proposed hypotheses were supported. The results demonstrate the significant positive impact of big data analytics capabilities, reliable big and cloud data analytics capabilities, and blockchain technology on corporate sustainable performance and data‐driven competitive sustainability. Furthermore, data‐driven competitive sustainability was found to mediate the relationships between BDA, RBCDA, blockchain technology, and corporate sustainable performance. Additionally, OMIS‐fit and data‐driven culture were identified as critical moderators that enhance the effects of these technological capabilities on competitive sustainability and corporate performance. These findings provide valuable insights for organizations seeking to leverage advanced technological capabilities to achieve a sustainable competitive advantage in emerging economies.

The interaction of blockchain technology, audit process, and the International Financial Reporting Standards

Purpose This study aims to provide a framework for the interaction of blockchain technology, the audit process and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). Design/methodology/approach This study was conducted in three phases. In the first phase, a meta-synthesis method was used until 2020. Out of 87 papers, a total number of 15 were selected, and 72 were excluded after an initial screening. In the second phase, 11 interviews were held with experts with sufficient experience and expertise in blockchain technology, accounting and auditing. These interviews were held between 2020 and 2021. The sampling was purposive (targeted) in type, along with snowball sampling. In the third phase, a combination of questionnaire-based method and the fuzzy Delphi method was used. The research population for this phase consisted of accounting professors, members of the Iranian Association of Certified Public Accountants and accounting and technology professionals. Following the selection of the Delphi panel, 35 questionnaires were collected between 2021 and 2022 for analysis. Findings The results showed that in line with the interaction of blockchain technology, audit process and IFRS, 52 indicators were confirmed in eight components. Moreover, “Verifiability,” “Timeliness” and “Predictive value” were the most influential factors, respectively, according to the conceptual model. In addition, higher average scores of experts’ views were related to “Transparency audit reports” and “Increasing the quality of the auditor’s judgment”, respectively. Originality/value Blockchain is a complex subject, and there has been very little published research on the intersection of IFRS and blockchain technology. It is crucial for the audit profession and technology professionals to focus on the interaction of blockchain technology with the qualitative characteristics of information. This is an area that has not been thoroughly researched yet. The interaction of blockchain technology, improvements in the audit process and adherence to IFRS is a significant development in accounting and auditing.

Recent advancements in meat traceability, authenticity verification, and voluntary certification systems

The growing demand for transparency in the food industry has led to significant advancements in meat traceability. Ensuring the authenticity and origin of meat products is critical for consumer trust, public health, and compliance with regulations. This paper reviews recent innovations in meat traceability, with a focus on blockchain technology as a novel approach to ensuring traceability. Additionally, advanced methods for verifying meat authenticity and origin, such as isotope fingerprinting, DNA analysis, and spectroscopic methods, are discussed. The role of voluntary certification schemes in enhancing traceability and authenticity verification in the meat industry is also explored. The findings highlight the importance of integrating cutting-edge technologies and certification schemes to build a robust and transparent meat supply chain.

A systematic review of strategies for enhancing pharmaceutical supply chain resilience in the U.S

This review aims to explore strategies for enhancing pharmaceutical supply chain resilience in the United States by addressing vulnerabilities exposed by recent global events, including the COVID-19 pandemic. The study identifies and analyzes eight key strategies: supplier diversification, increased inventory and safety stock, adoption of advanced technologies, improved forecasting and demand planning, vertical integration, reshoring and nearshoring, contingency planning and risk management, and collaboration and information sharing. Drawing on these strategies in the context of the United States, the review examines the advantages and potential challenges associated with them. The implementation of strategies such as supplier diversification and the adoption of advanced technologies shows positive effects, but these approaches require significant resources and face policy restrictions. This paper also analyzes the policy and industry implications of these strategies, emphasizing the need for collaboration between the government and industry. Various policy implications include the need to encourage supplier diversification, support for strategic stocking, and funding for technology implementation. For the industry, there is a need for operational adjustments such as redesigning supply chain networks with emphasis on enhancing risk management practices. Although implementing these strategies presents certain complexities, they hold great promise for improving the overall resilience of the US pharmaceutical supply systems and should be further explored in the future. Keywords: Supply Chain, Risk Management, Industry Disruption, Inventory Management, Blockchain Technology

Blockchain-based energy consumption approaches in IoT.

Blockchain is a decentralized electronic account book that is secure, open, and impervious to manipulation, and records transactions across numerous computers. Internet of Things (IoT) deployed sensors are limited in bandwidth, processing power, and battery life. Energy efficiency is a vital factor and a decisive matter for energy-bound IoT-based networks. This paper provides an idea of the working principle of blockchain technology in IoT-enabled energy systems. It investigates the fundamentals of blockchain technology, clarifying its decentralized nature, cryptographic mechanisms, and consensus algorithms that ensure data immutability and transparency. It explores how blockchain technology can be integrated with various IoT fields for energy efficiency. The paper investigates the blockchain-based energy consumption approaches in IoT qualitatively, and quantitatively with future research directions and challenges. It is seen that the hybrid blockchain model is suitable for energy efficiency in IoT.

Blockchain Integration in Critical Systems Enhancing Transparency, Efficiency, and Real-Time Data Security in Agile Project Management, Decentralized Finance (DeFi), and Cold Chain Management

Blockchain technology has garnered significant attention for its potential to revolutionize critical systems by enhancing transparency, efficiency, and data security. This review examines the integration of blockchain in three essential domains: Agile Project Management, Decentralized Finance (DeFi), and Cold Chain Management. By leveraging decentralized ledgers and smart contracts, blockchain provides a robust framework for real-time tracking, data integrity, and automated compliance, addressing long-standing challenges across these sectors. In Agile Project Management, blockchain fosters seamless collaboration and transparent decision-making, minimizing bottlenecks and improving accountability. In DeFi, blockchain strengthens security for digital transactions and identity verification while offering financial autonomy and mitigating fraud risks. Within Cold Chain Management, blockchain ensures traceability, reduces data tampering risks, and enhances visibility throughout supply chain processes, safeguarding temperature-sensitive goods. This paper evaluates existing blockchain-based applications and frameworks, identifies current limitations, and discusses future opportunities for optimizing critical systems through blockchain. The findings highlight blockchain's transformative role in driving operational efficiency, security, and data transparency across diverse applications, providing a roadmap for industries to harness its full potential in critical environments.

Cloud-based Edge Fusion for Smart grid powered by Blockchain Technology

Cloud-based Edge Fusion for Smart grid powered by Blockchain Technology

Information and computing system based on smart contracts for online voting

The purpose of research.The actual problem in voting systems is not the prevention of fraud and the failure to ensure the integrity of elections. Therefore, the task of building a system of safe and transparent voting is urgent.The purpose of the research is design and develop an information and computing system based on smart contacts for online voting.Methods. The presented system has the form of a decentralized system that can overcome a number of limitations, such as the likelihood of human error, falsification of voting results and problems with accessibility, using blockchain technology, which provides protection against unauthorized access and transparent record keeping.The use of smart contract technology also ensures that the voting process will be automated, transparent and secure. Thanks to the ability to execute self-executing contracts based on predefined rules, smart contracts can eliminate the need for intermediaries, reduce the likelihood of errors and ensure a high degree of accountability.Results. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the developed system, testing was carried out, after which a comparative analysis was made with other similar systems.The system can ensure that votes are counted accurately and cannot be manipulated, thereby increasing confidence in the results of the voting process. In addition, the system can potentially reduce the costs associated with traditional voting methods and improve accessibility for voters, since it can be accessed remotely via a web interface.In general, the system will be of interest to various organizations and individuals seeking to conduct safe and transparent voting processes.Conclusion. The use of this software product will provide security and convenience when participating in various online voting, reliable storage of votes and the provision of detailed statistics on the conducted voting.

Examining How Blockchain Implementation Affects Supply Chain Visibility in Ghana

Purpose: This article investigate how blockchain technology enhances visibility in supply chains by enabling real-time, transparent data sharing among stakeholders. It explores blockchain's role in reducing information silos and improving traceability. The study aims to inform both industry practitioners and policymakers on blockchain’s benefits and adoption strategies. Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries. Findings: Blockchain implementation enhances supply chain visibility by enabling real-time tracking and secure data sharing across stakeholders, reducing fraud and improving traceability. It also helps in verifying product origins, building consumer trust, and streamlining inventory management. However, challenges such as high costs and the need for standardized protocols can limit widespread adoption. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Transaction cost economics (TCE), resource-based view (RBV) & institutional theory may be used to anchor future studies on the examining how blockchain implementation affects supply chain visibility. For practitioners, the implementation of blockchain technology offers significant potential to improve real-time visibility, data accuracy, and trust within the supply chain. Policymakers should develop standards and regulatory guidelines for blockchain implementation in supply chains to ensure secure and ethical data usage.

Evaluating the Impact of Technological Innovations on Operational Risk Management in Financial Institutions

This study evaluates the impact of technological innovations on operational risk management in financial institutions, focusing on how emerging technologies influence risk identification, mitigation, and management processes. Employing a qualitative approach through literature review and library research, this study synthesizes recent findings on the integration of technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), blockchain, big data analytics, and cloud computing within financial risk frameworks. Findings indicate that these technologies offer substantial improvements in risk management by enhancing accuracy in risk detection, increasing response speed, and reducing human error. AI and machine learning models, for instance, are shown to enable real-time monitoring and predictive analytics, allowing institutions to identify potential risks before they materialize. Blockchain technology improves transparency and security in transaction processing, thereby mitigating fraud-related risks. Big data analytics provides insights into customer behavior, which can help detect anomalous activities and improve decision-making. However, the study also highlights challenges, including the need for robust cybersecurity measures, potential regulatory gaps, and skill shortages in handling complex technological systems. This study provides insights for financial institutions aiming to balance technological integration with effective risk management, underscoring the need for comprehensive frameworks that align technological advancements with regulatory compliance and organizational capability. Future research should focus on empirical studies assessing the long-term implications of these technologies on risk management efficacy in diverse financial settings.

Development of a framework for blockchain technology‐based net zero strategies in the agriculture supply chain: A TISM and Grey‐DEMATEL approach

AbstractThe Agriculture Supply Chain (ASC) faced significant pressure to implement Net‐Zero Strategies (NZSs) from consumer organizations, social and environmental campaigners, agro‐based businesses, and legislators. Blockchain Technology (BCT) has been introduced to tackle the current challenges in the ASC, due to its ability to improve food security, lower waste, and reduce carbon dioxide emissions. Therefore, this research is conducted to identify the enablers of BCT implementation for NZSs in the Indian ASC. We use an integrated “TISM‐Grey‐DEMATEL‐Fuzzy MICMAC" approach to stimulate identified enablers. TISM results indicate that Transparency and Traceability are the most important enablers that drive other enablers and are placed at the bottom of the model. Grey‐DEMATEL results indicate that traceability is the most important cause enabler which drives other enablers and is classified into independent enablers based on MICMAC clustering. The interaction between enablers will support the ASC specialist in persuading firms to implement BCT in their supply chains to incorporate NZSs. At the end of this paper, to establish the groundwork for additional research studies, the unique contributions and limitations of this research are highlighted.

The Potential of Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) In Enhancing Malaysia's Arts and Cultural Heritage Preservation

This study investigates the transformative potential of Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) in revolutionizing the marketing of artworks by Malaysian visual artists, with a particular focus on promoting cultural heritage. NFTs, as digital assets secured by blockchain technology, offer artists innovative methods to monetize their creations while preserving authenticity and provenance. Despite their growing popularity, Malaysian artists face challenges such as limited knowledge and skepticism regarding the effective use of NFT technology. This research aims to identify strategies and best practices for incorporating NFTs into digital art marketing, particularly in the context of cultural heritage preservation. Through a combination of content analysis and semi-structured interviews with five experts, this study applies the soft laddering technique to explore the perceived benefits and challenges of NFTs. The findings highlight the significant potential of NFTs to enhance Malaysian artists' access to global markets and strengthen the preservation of cultural heritage. The study underscores the need for improved technological literacy and NFT utilization among Malaysian artists to maximize their presence and competitiveness in the evolving digital art marketplace.

Documenting trends in blockchain technology adoption: a systematic review

Purpose This study aims to critically analyze existing research on blockchain technology adoption, examining the dominant models and methodologies used, the primary domains where blockchain is applied and the emerging opportunities across various sectors. Design/methodology/approach Using a methodical systematic review approach, the authors meticulously examined a pool of 1,322 collected articles, subjecting 38 studies to rigorous assessment. Through this comprehensive analysis, the authors unveiled the key models and influential factors that intricately shape the trajectory of blockchain adoption. Findings The primary models identified for investigating blockchain adoption were the technology acceptance model and technology–organization–environment. Apart from the core variables within these models, the pivotal determinants influencing various blockchain applications include perceived trust, perceived cost and social influence. In addition, this study highlights supply chain management as a prominent domain for blockchain application adoption. Practical implications Understanding these influential factors and models can guide practical decisions and aid stakeholders in formulating effective strategies for blockchain adoption in diverse sectors. Originality/value This study contributes to advancing the understanding of blockchain adoption dynamics by unveiling the prevalent models and determinants shaping adoption. This study offers valuable insights into the factors influencing the use and adoption of blockchain technologies across diverse sectors.

Blockchain in Health Information Systems: A Systematic Review

(1) Background: With the increasing digitalization of healthcare systems, data security and privacy have become crucial issues. In parallel, blockchain technology has gradually proven to be an innovative solution to address this challenge, as its ability to provide an immutable and secure record of transactions offers significant promise for healthcare information management. This systematic review aims to explore the applications of blockchain in health information systems, highlighting its advantages and challenges. (2) Methods: The publications chosen to compose this review were collected from six databases, resulting in the initial identification of 4864 studies. Of these, 73 were selected for in-depth analysis. (3) Results: The main results show that blockchain has been used mainly in electronic health records (63%). Furthermore, it was used in the Internet of Medical Things (8.2%) and for data sharing during the COVID-19 pandemic (6.8%). As advantages, greater security, privacy, and data integrity were identified, while the challenges point to the need for standardization and regulatory issues. (4) Conclusions: Despite the difficulties encountered, blockchain has significant potential to improve healthcare data management. However, more research and continued collaboration between those involved are needed to maximize its benefits.