Blockchain Research Articles

Blockchain-Based Drug Supply Chain Recommendation System (B-DSCRS) with Machine Learning for Supply Chain Management

The pharmaceutical industry has been struggling to keep tabs on its goods across the supply chain for the last decade, which has opened the door for counterfeiters to sell their phoney medications. Integrated product supply chain management mostly focuses on distribution. The pharmaceutical business places a premium on the drug distribution process because of the importance of ensuring the safe handling, storage, and distribution of medical items. The global pharmaceutical sector is facing a significant threat in the form of counterfeit pharmaceuticals. Blockchain technology can manage and monitor the supply chain process with remarkable efficiency when used to its maximum capacity.This paper proposed and implemented a Blockchain-based Drug Supply Chain Recommendation System (B-DSCRS). A pharmaceutical supply chain management system built on the blockchain and a consumer medication recommendation system powered by machine learning comprises our proposed system's two primary components. As a first step in the smart pharmaceutical industry's medication delivery process tracking and monitoring.Conversely, the machine learning module suggests the finest medications for pharmaceutical sector clients. Lastly, our suggested system goes through the testing process to ensure it is efficient and user-friendly.

Blockchain-Enabled Supply Chain Finance: A Bibliometric Review and Research Agenda

The COVID-19 pandemic has revealed weaknesses in traditional supply chain finance systems, highlighting the need for digital change. Blockchain technology, with its ability to create secure and transparent records of transactions, offers a potential solution. This study uses bibliometric analysis and a literature review to examine research on blockchain-enabled supply chain finance, drawing on a database of 446 articles from ScienceDirect and Scopus. The findings show a growing interest in how blockchain can improve transparency, efficiency, and security in supply chain finance, addressing challenges like information asymmetry. This study suggests future research should focus on real-world applications of blockchain, how it can be used with other technologies, regulations and governance, and the social and environmental impacts of blockchain-based supply chain finance. This research also highlights the different priorities of the Global North and South in blockchain-enabled supply chain finance. The North focuses on efficiency and traceability, while the South emphasizes adding value and transparency. A lack of research on fair pricing, especially in the Global South, points to a critical gap that future research needs to address to ensure fairness in global trade.

A Systematic Literature Review and Bibliometric Analysis of Blockchain Technology for Food Security

The United Arab Emirates (UAE) faces obstacles in guaranteeing food security because of its desert climate, restricted arable land, and significant reliance on food imports. Establishing a robust and transparent food supply chain is crucial. This study investigates the crucial functions of blockchain technology in protecting and improving food security in the UAE. Using bibliographic and co-citation network analyses, this study examines 143 research articles that provide a thorough review of the current status of blockchain technology in relation to food security. We examine the interrelationships among studies, highlighting significant themes and identifying three emerging food security patterns in the incorporation of blockchain into the food security domain. This study enhances the understanding of how blockchain technology can transform the food security dimensions of availability, accessibility, utilization, and stability in the UAE and worldwide.

AI Predictive Analytics for Verifying Pharmaceutical Authenticity and Combating Drug Counterfeiting

A significant worry in recent years has been the counterfeiting of medicines. The distribution and manufacture of fake or falsified drugs are both criminal and harmful to the public's health. The severity of this issue differs significantly from one country to another, primarily due to variations in the adherence to national regulations and processes. Thus, preventing the sale of fake drugs has become an urgent matter, particularly in poor and developing nations. The study presents a new multi-layered validation structure for pharmaceutical authenticity verification that uses Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and blockchain technology for artificial intelligence predictive analytics. The goal is to tackle the widespread problem of counterfeit drugs. Using GANs to sift through past data, the suggested strategy improves the detection of minor package variations by identifying trends and traits linked to counterfeit drugs. Using the GAN-generated enhanced dataset, a CNN is trained to accurately and specifically categorize drug packaging.Further, the framework uses blockchain technology to provide trustworthy and transparent recordkeeping of drugs in realtime as they move through the supply chain. Increased patient safety directly results from our system's thorough audit trail, which solves the problems of fake medications and regulatory compliance. The suggested approach reduces counterfeit dangers and provides a scalable paradigm for other industries to use when dealing with similar authenticity verification issues, which means it can find more uses in safety-critical fields. The success of the multi-layered validation structure model is evaluated using performance metrics such as accuracy, recall, and F1-score. It achieves a fantastic accuracy rate of over 95%.

Crypto-Enabled Espionage: The Growing Threat to National Security

This paper examines the growing threat of crypto-enabled espionage and its impact on national security. The research addresses the central questions on how cryptocurrencies facilitate espionage, and what the implications for national security are. Using a qualitative approach, the study draws on existing literature, case studies, and intelligence reports to explore how cryptocurrencies are increasingly being leveraged by state and non-state actors for covert operations. The findings reveal that the key features of cryptocurrencies—such as anonymity, decentralization, and the lack of regulation make them highly attractive to espionage actors. Specific cases, including the use of cryptocurrencies by North Korean and Russian state sponsored espionage networks, demonstrate how these actors bypass financial surveillance systems. The study concludes that while cryptocurrencies offer significant advantages for espionage, they pose severe challenges for national security agencies, especially in terms of monitoring and preventing illicit activities. To address these threats, stronger international cooperation, regulatory reforms, and advancements in blockchain surveillance technology are necessary. The paper recommends further research into counterintelligence strategies that incorporate blockchain technology and artificial intelligence for monitoring crypto-enabled espionage.

Blockchain in digital notary services

The purpose of the study is to determine the future application of blockchain technology. Protection of rights, as well as legal interests of citizens and legal entities is the main postulate of notary activity. Only through the prism of this provision should one consider the possible application of blockchain technology in the notary. This includes studying the possibilities of the blockchain for verifying the authenticity of documents, automating registration actions. The relevance of the study is related to the need for modern notaries to meet the requirements of the digital world. The research is based on the application of an interdisciplinary approach, civil law and information technology, which combines the analysis of legal aspects with modern technological research. To study legislative aspects, methods of comparative analysis and synthesis were used, which includes an analysis of the legislation of Ukraine and other countries. The empirical method consists in researching existing examples of implementation of blockchain projects in EU and US notary offices. Analysis and modeling were carried out taking into account the architecture of blockchain networks, their capabilities in terms of information protection, authentication and legal validity of digital records. The study found that blockchain technology has significant potential for the notary industry due to its decentralized nature and high level of data protection. It has been established that the implementation of the blockchain allows for the creation of a reliable database for recording notarial actions, ensuring the impossibility of forgery or loss of information. The results of the study confirmed the possibility of using blockchain for digital recording of documents and automation of notarial procedures, which allows to reduce time costs and the risk of human errors. The experience of countries that have already implemented blockchain in the notary office indicates an increase in the level of trust in notary services and a reduction in bureaucratic procedures. The application of blockchain in the notarial sphere can fundamentally change the mechanisms of notarial actions, increasing security, convenience and speed of service. The use of decentralized networks ensures the reliability of data, which makes it impossible to forge them and makes procedures transparent. However, for the full implementation of such decisions, it is necessary to create an appropriate regulatory framework, adapt Ukrainian legislation and ensure the training of specialists for work in the conditions of digital notary.

A Cross-Layer Secure and Energy-Efficient Framework for the Internet of Things: A Comprehensive Survey

This survey delves into cross-layer energy-efficient solutions and cutting-edge security measures for Internet of Things (IoT) networks. The conventional security techniques are considered inadequate, leading to the suggestion of AI-powered intrusion detection systems and novel strategies such as blockchain integration. This research aims to promote the development of smart cities by enhancing sustainability, security, and efficiency in the industrial and agricultural sectors through the use of IoT, blockchain, AI, and new communication technologies like 5G. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive review and analysis of secure and energy-efficient cross-layer IoT frameworks based on survey of more than 100 published research articles. We highlight the significance of developing IoT security for robust and sustainable connected systems. We discuss multi-layered security approaches and ways to enhance the energy efficiency of resource-constrained devices in IoT networks. Finally, we identify open research issues and future research directions in the emerging field of cross-layer design for secure and energy-efficient IoT networks. In order to improve cybersecurity and efficiency in smart cities, the research also focuses on developing a secure, energy-efficient IoT framework integrating blockchain, artificial intelligence, and quantum-safe cryptography.

Despite Contradictions, Artificial Intelligence and Block Chain Technology are Composing the Future Together

Now times, Block Chain technology and enhancements in Artificial Intelligence paradigm are facing more attention in the field of research with new advancements in many security techniques in all the sectors of IT and business. One cannot deny from the fact that the adoption of Artificial Intelligence paradigms and block-chain technology is shaping the new face of market. Beyond their contradictions both are proceeding at lightning speed. Both of them are aimed at providing something new to the world but the degree of complexity of each is quite different. With a secure, decentralized, and trustworthy system, block-chain technology did automate the bit-coin payments and provide the users an access to a shared ledger of records, transactions and data. With the useof smart contracts, a block-chain can also regulate the user interactions without the need for any central authority. In the contradiction, AI provides agents with the ability of reasoning, decision making and human-level intellect. At bottom one can say, block chain is concerned with keeping correct records, authentication and implementation while AI deals in conducting assessments, examining, and coming to a decision analyzing certain patterns and datasets, eventually giving rise to a self- directed interaction. Artificial Intelligence along with block chain allocates several descriptions which will make a seamless communication prospect certainly. AI and Block-Chain need sharing of data. The decentralized approach of database focuses on the significance of data sharing among various clients on a meticulous network. In the same way, AI depends very much on Big-Data, exclusively, for data distribution. The first section in the proposed article offers the Introduction part. The second section focuses on the majorly emphasized topics and domains about block chain technology indulging Artificial Intelligence into it, presents a detailed literature-review of many of the contributions by eminent research analysts. The third section describes the challenges in the collaborating AI with block-chain. The last section expresses a brief conclusion of the research work. Keywords- Block Chain Technology, Artificial Intelligence, AI, Machine Learning

Harnessing Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Blockchain Technology for the Advancement of Finance Technology (FinTech) in Businesses

This brief investigation seeks to explore the significant impact and offer a thorough analysis of the transformative potential of artificial intelligence (AI) and blockchain technology in revolutionizing financial technologies (FinTech) within the context of African business environments. Central to this study is an examination of how AI-driven solutions and blockchain technology can improve efficiency, accessibility, and innovation in financial services. Currently, African businesses face numerous challenges that hinder their overall success. Among these are the prevalence of fraud in Africa’s economy and the absence of credit scoring and reliable risk management, leading to bad debts and poor capital management. The businesses also lack data infrastructure, regulatory compliances, customer engagement and personalisation data privacy, cybersecurity and volatile currencies. Through intensive evaluation, we will be venturing into and showcasing how applications of AI and blockchain technology address these hurdles via techniques involving fraud detection, risk mitigation, advanced credit assessments and scoring for underserved communities, loan origination systems, and automated customer support utilising tools like chatbots, bolstered market analytics, streamlined regulation conformance, and augmented financial inclusivity encompassing digital payment platforms, saving mechanisms, loans, investments, and insurance products. By leveraging AI, African businesses can propel FinTech innovation and progression, foster economic prosperity, and drive sustainable development. The paper comprehensively analyses the current state of AI-driven FinTech solutions in Africa, identifying key factors that can unlock a new era of financial innovation, potential challenges businesses may face in implementing these technologies and our comprehensive research on their solutions.

Privacy Preserving Technologies

As the digital world continues to undergo fast change, the need of privacy-preserving technology has increased significantly in order to protect personal data from being accessed and used inappropriately by unauthorised parties. Blockchain technology, the Internet of Things (IoT), and biometrics are all investigated in this study as potential key components for improving privacy and security. A robust framework for securing transactions and data exchanges, ensuring transparency and integrity, is provided by blockchain technology, which features a decentralised and immutable data ledger. Concerns about privacy are raised as a result of the huge volume of sensitive data that is created and transferred by the Internet of Things (IoT), which connects a wide variety of devices. The purpose of this study is to investigate the application of blockchain technology for the purpose of securing Internet of Things settings, with the goal of preserving data integrity and user privacy. Moreover, biometrics, which are a kind of identification and verification that makes use of distinctive physical or behavioural features, are an essential component in the process of enhancing access control and personalised security. Within the scope of this article, we address recent developments in biometric technologies and how they might be used with blockchain technology to provide systems that are both safe and enhance privacy. This study illustrates the potential of various technologies to create a complete framework that protects individuals' privacy and solves the difficulties and possibilities that are presented by the digital age. This potential is shown by analysing the intersection of many technologies.

Online Voting System Using Blockchain: A Secure and Transparent Approach

Blockchain technology has emerged as a viable solution for secure and transparent digital voting systems. Traditional voting systems, particularly online voting mechanisms, are often vulnerable to security risks such as hacking, tampering, and vote manipulation. Furthermore, maintaining voter anonymity and ensuring data integrity are significant challenges. Blockchain, with its distributed and immutable ledger, offers potential solutions by providing a secure and decentralized approach to recording votes. This paper explores the architecture, implementation, and advantages of a blockchain-based online voting system that leverages the security features of blockchain technology to improve the voting process. By utilizing cryptographic principles and decentralized data storage, the system enhances transparency, reduces fraud risks, and ensures that votes remain immutable. The proposed system includes mechanisms for voter registration, vote casting, and result verification, all of which are secured by smart contracts. Experimental results demonstrate that blockchain can maintain voter anonymity, resist tampering, and provide an auditable voting trail. Additionally, the study discusses challenges in scalability, latency, and regulatory compliance, offering insights into potential improvements and future work. Overall, the research indicates that blockchain based voting has the potential to transform electoral processes, providing a trusted digital voting alternative that aligns with democratic principles. Key Words: Blockchain Technology, Digital Voting, Online Voting Systems, Data Integrity, Transparency, Security, Cryptography, Smart Contracts, Voter Anonymity, Tamper-Resistance, Immutable Ledger, Scalability, Decentralization.

Tendencias emergentes en el marketing digital para el comercio electrónico en 2024

This article examines emerging trends in digital marketing and their impact on e-commerce by 2024. Through a mixed approach combining quantitative and qualitative analysis, technologies such as augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), blockchain, artificial intelligence (AI), voice search, and advanced personalization were investigated. The quantitative analysis was based on data from 50 e-commerce companies, while the qualitative analysis was conducted through in-depth interviews with marketing and technology directors from 10 selected companies. The results indicate that the implementation of AR and VR significantly improves customer experience and conversion rates, although it faces technical and usability challenges. Blockchain technology increases the transparency and security of transactions, reducing fraud, but presents barriers in terms of technical complexity and costs. AI enables advanced personalization, improving content relevance and sales, although it raises concerns about data privacy. Voice search optimization improves customer service efficiency, facilitating faster and more natural interactions, although integration with existing systems can be complex. Finally, advanced personalization is crucial for customer loyalty, providing personalized and satisfying shopping experiences, although it requires a robust technological infrastructure.

Stabilizing food supply chains with Blockchain technology during periods of economic inflation

This study explores the potential of blockchain technology to stabilize food supply chains during periods of economic inflation. Economic inflation poses significant challenges to food security, as rising prices can disrupt supply chain transparency, efficiency, and trust among stakeholders. This research develops a conceptual model demonstrating how blockchain can enhance transparency and stability in food supply chains, ultimately improving resilience against inflationary pressures. By providing a decentralized, immutable ledger, blockchain technology allows for real-time tracking of food products from farm to table, enabling better inventory management and demand forecasting. The proposed model integrates key components, including smart contracts, which automate transactions and ensure compliance with quality and safety standards. This feature not only reduces delays but also fosters trust among supply chain participants, such as farmers, distributors, retailers, and consumers. Additionally, the model emphasizes the role of data analytics in harnessing blockchain data to provide insights into pricing trends and inventory levels, facilitating proactive decision-making in response to inflation. Future research directions are identified, focusing on innovations within blockchain technology that could further mitigate the effects of inflation on food supply chains. Potential areas of exploration include integrating artificial intelligence (AI) for predictive analytics, utilizing Internet of Things (IoT) devices for real-time data collection, and developing decentralized finance (DeFi) solutions to enhance liquidity and investment in the agricultural sector. This study contributes to the growing body of literature on blockchain applications in supply chain management by highlighting its potential as a tool for enhancing food security in inflationary environments. By ensuring transparency, improving stakeholder collaboration, and providing actionable insights, blockchain technology can play a pivotal role in stabilizing food supply chains amidst economic fluctuations. Ultimately, this research advocates for the adoption of blockchain solutions as part of comprehensive strategies to safeguard food systems from the adverse impacts of inflation. Keywords: Blockchain Technology, Food Supply Chains, Economic Inflation, Transparency, Stability, Smart Contracts, Predictive Analytics, Data Analytics, Food Security, Decentralized Finance.

Blockchain-Enabled Smart Contracts Revolutionizing Supply Chain Management: A Case Study

Inefficiencies, a lack of transparency, and trust issues are common challenges in today's globalized and complex supply chains. Smart contracts combined with the decentralized, immutable ledger system of blockchain technology have made it appear like a viable answer to these problems. The application of blockchain-enabled smart contracts to supply chain management is examined in this research paper's case study. This study explores the potential of blockchain technology to improve supply chain efficiency, traceability, and transparency by closely examining a real-world case. This case study explores the planning, execution, and results of incorporating smart contracts and blockchain technology into different phases of the supply chain, such as manufacturing, distribution, logistics, and procurement. The study also addresses the advantages, difficulties, and lessons discovered during the implementation of blockchain-enabled smart contracts, offering insightful information to enterprises thinking about implementing such systems. The results demonstrate how blockchain technology has the ability to completely transform supply chain management by increasing stakeholder collaboration, lowering costs, minimizing risks, and fostering trust. This case study adds to the expanding body of research on supply chain management applications of blockchain technology and provides useful advice for companies looking to use blockchain technology to improve their operations and gain a competitive edge in the fast-paced market of today

Intelligent Carbon Metering and Settlement Method of New Power System Based on Blockchain Technology

Blockchain technology is an important technical basis for ensuring carbon trading and plays a fundamental role in maintaining fairness in the carbon trading market. This paper proposes a carbon emission metering and settlement method and a system based on blockchain technology which creates the digital identity of electric meters and stores it in the blockchain. Verifiable credentials are generated based on the digital identity, energy data, and time stamp. The system records the energy data read by the verified meter to the blockchain cloud platform for carbon emission statistics. In the payment and settlement stage, through application of the blockchain and its combination with a digital payment wallet, the regional energy network consumption settlement value is generated according to the regional power supply and electricity consumption, and the settlement value is used as the benchmark to measure the carbon emissions in the region. Through the data analysis of practical application cases in an industrial park in China, this study concludes that the carbon emission statistical settlement method based on blockchain technology solves the problems of untrustworthiness, unreliability, and inconsistency in the statistical and settlement methods during the statistical settlement of electric energy statistics and energy consumption carbon emissions.

The role of Blockchain technology in ensuring pharmaceutical supply chain integrity and traceability

This review paper explores blockchain technology's transformative role in enhancing pharmaceutical supply chains' integrity and traceability. As the pharmaceutical industry grapples with challenges such as counterfeiting, fraud, and data discrepancies, blockchain emerges as a promising solution, offering a decentralized and immutable ledger that enhances transparency and security. Blockchain addresses critical issues that compromise patient safety and public health by enabling real-time monitoring and providing a single source of truth for all stakeholders. The paper highlights key findings on the benefits of blockchain, including improved traceability, automation through smart contracts, and enhanced collaboration among stakeholders. Additionally, it presents recommendations for pharmaceutical companies, regulators, and technology developers to facilitate the adoption and implementation of blockchain solutions in the pharmaceutical sector. Ultimately, this review underscores the potential of blockchain to revolutionize pharmaceutical supply chains, ensuring the delivery of safe and legitimate medications to consumers. Keywords: Blockchain Technology, Pharmaceutical Supply Chain, Traceability, Counterfeiting, Smart Contracts, Public Health.

Overcoming the Friction between the “Right to be Forgotten” and Blockchain Technology through a New Approach

Objective: this paper explores the challenges arising from the conflict between blockchain technology and the “right to be forgotten” as provided by the European data protection framework.Methods: in the First Section, the author provides a brief description of the evolution of blockchain technology and the most pressing issues between traditional blockchain models and UE’s legislations. Among the latter, the author analyzes the specific issue concerning the clash between the traditional blockchains (both private and public models), typically immutable, and the individual’s right to cancellation or modification of own personal data. This section emphasizes the importance of personal data protection, which has always been one of the main tasks for supranational legislators. The legal regulation of data protection and the relevant judicial practice of the European Court of Human Rights is analyzed. The author raises the problem of expressing the free self-determination of an individual in the form of controlling their personal data on the Internet. The Second Section of this contribution is dedicated to the study of probable ways to solve the existing incompatibility and to make the distributed ledger system compatible with the European data protection legislation. An emphasis is made on the model provided by “Traent” company, which ensures the right to data cancellation or modification. The capability of this model to solve the said contradiction is analyzed.Results: the study delves into the peculiar features of the new model to understand how it strategically utilizes the advantages of public and private blockchains guaranteeing not only the validity and authenticity of the chain where the transaction was performed, but, most importantly, the modification and granular cancellation of client’s personal data. This innovative solution offers a potential path forward for navigating the complex intersection of data privacy and blockchain innovation in the European context.Scientific novelty: Traent has implemented a “hybrid” model blockchain that, incorporating both public and private components, to achieve an effective compliance with the European Union regulations, especially those concerning data protection and privacy.Practical significance: the obtained conclusions and proposals can be taken into consideration in improving the compliance of blockchain technologies with the European Union General Data Protection Regulation.

Synthetic Media Detection, the Wheel, and the Burden of Proof

Deepfakes and other forms of synthetic media are widely regarded as serious threats to our knowledge of the world. Various technological responses to these threats have been proposed. The reactive approach proposes to use artificial intelligence to identify synthetic media. The proactive approach proposes to use blockchain and related technologies to create immutable records of verified media content. I argue that both approaches, but especially the reactive approach, are vulnerable to a problem analogous to the ancient problem of the criterion—a line of argument with skeptical implications. I argue that, while the proactive approach is relatively resistant to this objection, it faces its own serious challenges. In short, the proactive approach would place a heavy burden on users to verify their own content, a burden that is exacerbated by and is likely to exacerbate existing inequalities.

Blockchain in Enterprise Resource Planning Systems: A Comprehensive Review of Emerging Trends, Challenges, and Future Perspectives

Abstract This research paper conducts a systematic review of the integration of blockchain technology with Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems, a burgeoning field at the intersection of advanced technology and business management. The primary objective is to bridge the knowledge gap by synthesizing existing literature, providing insights into the current state, challenges, and potential of blockchain in enhancing ERP systems. The study follows a structured methodology involving four key stages: Literature Retrieval, Literature Screening, Biblio-metric Analysis, and Content Analysis. A comprehensive literature search in the Scopus database resulted in the identification and analysis of 250 scholarly articles, narrowed down to 66 relevant publications. The findings highlight a significant trend towards decentralized ERP solutions, driven by blockchain’s promise of enhanced security, transparency, and efficiency. Key areas impacted by blockchain integration include supply chain management, accounting, security, traceability, purchasing, and process automation within ERP systems. The bibliometric analysis reveals a growing academic interest in this domain, with a focus on scalability, data security, and interoperability. However, the integration faces challenges such as technical complexity, cultural resistance, and regulatory uncertainties. The study concludes that while blockchain presents transformative opportunities for ERP systems, realizing this potential requires overcoming substantial technical and organizational hurdles. Future research should concentrate on developing scalable, interoperable blockchain solutions, tailored to specific industry needs and compliant with regulatory standards, thereby facilitating widespread adoption and maximizing the benefits of blockchain in ERP systems.

Mean-Field-Type Transformers

In this article, we present the mathematical foundations of generative machine intelligence and link them with mean-field-type game theory. The key interaction mechanism is self-attention, which exhibits aggregative properties similar to those found in mean-field-type game theory. It is not necessary to have an infinite number of neural units to handle mean-field-type terms. For instance, the variance reduction in error within generative machine intelligence is a mean-field-type problem and does not involve an infinite number of decision-makers. Based on this insight, we construct mean-field-type transformers that operate on data that are not necessarily identically distributed and evolve over several layers using mean-field-type transition kernels. We demonstrate that the outcomes of these mean-field-type transformers correspond exactly to the mean-field-type equilibria of a hierarchical mean-field-type game. Due to the non-convexity of the operators’ composition, gradient-based methods alone are insufficient. To distinguish a global minimum from other extrema—such as local minima, local maxima, global maxima, and saddle points—alternative methods that exploit hidden convexities of anti-derivatives of activation functions are required. We also discuss the integration of blockchain technologies into machine intelligence, facilitating an incentive design loop for all contributors and enabling blockchain token economics for each system participant. This feature is especially relevant to ensuring the integrity of factual data, legislative information, medical records, and scientifically published references that should remain immutable after the application of generative machine intelligence.