Bladder Radiotherapy Research Articles

Treatment of bladder cancer with a combination of hyperthermia, radiation and bleomycin

The treatment of urinary bladder cancer with hyperthermia in combination with radiation and bleomycin was investigated. Immediately following a daily course of external bladder irradiation (150-200 rad; total 4 week exposure of 3500-4000 rad), patients diagnosed with transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder were irrigated with a solution of warmed saline (intravesical temperature, 42 degrees C-43 degrees C), containing 30 micrograms/ml bleomycin. Of a total of 33 patients, complete responses were observed in 14 patients, and partial responses were observed in 10. The side effects of the combined treatment were limited to local symptoms of bladder and urethral irritation. These preliminary results suggest that the combined use of hyperthermia, radiation, and bleomycin may represent an effective conservative therapy for the management of bladder cancer in humans.

Surgical problems following irradiation therapy: urology (author's transl)

Late complications involving the bladder and ureter occasionally occur following irradiation to the minor pelvis. Intermittent light bleeding from the bladder can be contained by nonspecific installation therapy. With life-threatening hemorrhage, silver nitrate or formalin instillation is effective. The treatment of irradiation ulcers, irradiation contracted bladder, vesicovaginal fistulae, and late irradiation reactions of the ureter are discussed in incurable bladder contractions and vesicovaginal fistulae, a supravesicle urinary diversion is necessary.

Association of Therapeutic Radiation with Golgi Complex Hypertrophy in Human Urinary Bladder Carcinomas: Quantitative Electron Microscopy Studies

The volume (Vv) and surface area (surface density; Sv) of the Golgi complex were measured by electron microscopy stereologic techniques in 17 patients with urinary bladder transitional cell carcinomas. Seven patients were irradiated prior to surgical removal, 4 had recurrent carcinomas that arose from previously irradiated bladder urothelium, and the remaining 6 patients had bladder carcinoma but no prior history of therapeutic irradiation. There were significant differences in the Vv and Sv of Golgi complexes per unit of cytoplasmic volume in carcinomas from irradiated and nonirradiated patients (p < 0.01). In carcinomas obtained from irradiated urinary bladders, the Vv was 3.45 +/- 0.24% (mean +/- SE). In contrast, the Vv was 0.98 +/- 0.15% for tumors in the nonirradiated group. Sv values were 1.51 +/- 0.09 microm2/microm3 in carcinomas from irradiated bladders, and in the nonirradiated group, the mean Sv was 0.76 +/- 0.07 microm2/microm3. These results support the hypothesis that therapeutic irradiation to the urinary bladder induces hyperplasia of Golgi complexes.

The Management of Accidental Injuries and Deliberate Resections of the Urinary Tract during Operation of Colo-Rectal Carcinoma

Among 851 resected cases of colo-rectal carcinoma, there were 54 cases with deliberate resections and 29 cases with accidental injuries of. the urinary tract. We studied those 83 cases in respect of reconstructive procedures of the urinary. tract. In 54 cases postoperative coures were almost uneventful. Among 29 cases, thirteen cases occurred accidental injuries of the urinary tract during surgery, however sixteen occurred postoperatively. Three cases with ureteric injury occurred above pelvic brim, were treated by end to end anastomosis of injured ureter.Postoperative course-of these cases were uneventful. In cases with-ureteric injuries occurred below the pelvic brim, uretero-neocystestomy should be performed for reconstruction of the injured ureter. There were eight cases with vesicoperineal fistula among 320 cases of abdominoperineal exsion of the rectum. Among those eight cases four have irradiated bladder. In such a case with Irradiated bladder, urinary diversion should be performed.

Scanning electron microscopic examination of urinary cytology specimens in irradiated bladder cancer patients

Scanning electron microscopic examination of urinary cytology specimens in irradiated bladder cancer patients

Malignant Lymphoma of the Urinary Bladder

2 cases of primary, malignant lymphoma of the urinary bladder are reported. Diagnostic difficulties caused by a deep, intramural location and accompanying severe inflammation are discussed. From a review of the literature and also from the authors experience, resection of the bladder and postoperative radiotherapy seen to constitute sufficient therapy.

The control of severe bleeding from the bladder by intravesical hyperbaric therapy.

SummaryIntravesical hyperbaric therapy has been used successfully to control severe haemorrhage from the bladder following radiotherapy and multiple tumours in 8 treatments on 7 patients.A good long‐term palliative effect has also been achieved in the majority.The treatment is relatively free from side‐effects, can be repeated, and is recommended as the primary treatment in bleeding from the irradiated bladder free of tumour and in the otherwise inoperable patient.In operable lesions it controls the bleedinglongenough for the patient to be adequately prepared for major surgery.We would like to acknowledge the considerable help given to us by the Anaesthetic Department and the devoted attention of the Sister and Nurses on the Keeling Ward. We are indebted to the Photographic Department of the United Sheffield Hospitals for the photographs.

MICROBIOPSY OF THE URINARY BLADDER — A METHOD INVOLVING MINIMAL TRAUMATIZATION

A method is presented whereby small fragments of bladder tumour tissue or bladder epithelium can be obtained for histological examination. This method causes only minimal trauma and provides excellent fixation which permits a close study of cellular detail. The application of the method is exemplified by a limited number of cases of papillary tumours, irradiated bladder cancers and carcinoma-in-situ of the bladder.