Biophysiological Parameters Research Articles

Screening of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes for Salt Tolerance on the Basis of Physiochemical Characteristics and Bio-Physiological Parameters and Indices

Salt stress is a major threat for growth and development of wheat crop. Screening technique for salinity tolerance is an effective tool to identify tolerant cultivar and high yielding wheat genotypes. Present study was carried out to screen twenty wheat genotypes under laboratory terms utilizing various growth and physiological indices like plant fresh weight stress indices (PFSI), plant height stress tolerance index (PHSI), shoot length stress tolerance index (SLSI), germination stress tolerance index (GSI), plant dry weight stress indices (PDSI), root length stress tolerance index (RLSI), relative water content (RWC). Multivariate techniques like cluster analysis and correlation were used to analyze the variance between wheat genotypes. The correlations analysis indicated significant among different physiological indices like GSI, SLSI, RLSI, PFSI, PDSI and RWC. On the basis of cluster analysis 20 wheat genotypes were classified into three clusters: first cluster included (The genotype WL-711 was the premier scorer followed by Nifa Bathoor, ARRI-II and Millat-11) presents sufficient salt tolerating degree, on the other hand, cluster-2 is comprised of wheat genotypes (Inqilab-91, NIAB-09, Punjab-96, Sehar-2006, Tatara, AS-2002, SA-75, Lasani-09, FSD-08 and Galaxy-13) with medium level of salt tolerance and cluster-3 included genotypes (LU-26-S, Fakhar e Sarhad, Bakhtawar, Punjab-11, Barsat and Kohistan-97) did not perform upto the mark and have lower level of salt tolerance. Correlation analysis among different screening techniques indicated that physiological indices exhibited highly significant and positive correlations among GSI, PHSI, SLSI, PDSI, PFSI, and RWC while non-significant correlation existed among PDSI and RLSI. The correlation between PFSI and RWC was significant. Significant correlations between cluster analysis and different indices also proved that salt tolerant wheat genotypes screened.

Effectiveness of video game on bio- physiological parameters during intravenous cannulation among preschool children.

Background Hospitalization is a completely new experience for infants and young children; they are too young to understand the stress of hospitalization. Distractions or diversions seek to divert the child's attention to interesting or challenging tasks to draw attention away from painful or distressful medical procedure. Therefore, the present study assesses the effectiveness of video game on bio-physiological parameters during intravenous cannulation among preschool children admitted in paediatric ward. Methods A randomized true experimental research design was used to assess the effectiveness of video game technique on pain and bio-physiological parameters during Intravenous Cannulation among preschool children admitted in paediatric ward at Sri Ramachandra Hospital in Chennai. The collected data were grouped and analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics, to assess the effectiveness of video games. Results There was a significant difference in the mean score of oxygen saturation of post-test compare to pre-test for both groups. The number of children feeling severe pain was more in the control group during intervention and this difference was highly significant. Oxygen saturation was more in control but not significant, but the heart rate was significantly higher in control group during intervention. There was no association during pre- post-test and oxygen saturation, with selected demographic variables of the preschool children in both groups, apart from the fact that children from low income group had significant low heart rate during pre- and post-test Discussion Video game is an effective method in reducing pain in children undergoing intravenous cannulation. In this framework, the intervention (showing video game) reduced perception of pain and changes in bio-physiological parameters such as, heart rate and oxygen saturation, during intravenous cannulation.

The Impact of Nurse-Led Cardiac Rehabilitation on Quality of Life and Biophysiological Parameters in Patients With Heart Failure: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

ABSTRACTBackgroundCardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of mortality in the Indian subcontinent, accounting for 38% of deaths annually. One cardiovascular disease in particular, heart failure, is a growing public health problem both in India and worldwide.PurposeHeart failure is a chronic, progressive disease with increasing rates of incidence and prevalence. This study was conducted to determine the influence of a nurse-led cardiac rehabilitation program on quality of life and biophysiological parameters in patients with chronic heart failure. In this study, it was hypothesized that participants in the cardiac rehabilitation program would report significantly more-positive changes in quality of life and biophysiological parameters than their peers who did not participate in this program.MethodsIn this randomized controlled trial, the participants were patients with chronic heart failure who had been admitted to a tertiary care hospital in India. The participants assigned to the intervention group received both nurse-led cardiac rehabilitation and routine care. In addition, intervention group participants received a booklet on cardiac rehabilitation, Healthy Way to Healthy Heart, at discharge and fortnightly telephone reminders about good cardiac rehabilitation practices. A standard questionnaire was used to collect targeted information on participants' general and disease-specific quality of life at 1 and 3 months postintervention. Biophysiological parameters such as body mass index, blood pressure, and serum cholesterol values were also measured.ResultsTwo thirds of the participants in each group (65% in the intervention group and 66% in the control group) were between 51 and 70 years old. The mean score for the mental component summary of generic quality of life steadily decreased in the control group and steadily increased in the intervention group at the first and second posttests.Conclusions/Implications for PracticeNurses working in cardiology units play a pivotal role in educating and managing the health status of patients with heart failure. Providing cardiac rehabilitation to patients with heart failure benefits the quality of life of these patients. Nurses working in cardiology units should encourage patients with heart failure to practice cardiac rehabilitation for a longer period to further improve their quality of life.

In Silico Testing of a Closed-Loop Artificial Pancreas Based on Generalized Predictive Control

The artificial pancreas (AP) system is a promising approach to maintain blood glucose concentration (BGC) of patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) in a euglycemic range (70–180 mg/dl). A controller based on generalized predictive control (GPC) with an adaptive reference glucose trajectory and an adaptive softening factor (GPC+AA) was proposed for AP system in our previous research. It was built and tested with the University of Virginia (UVA)/Padova type 1 diabetes mellitus simulator (T1DMS), which embodies the biophysiological parameters of in-silico population accepted by the US Food and Drug Administration. It was showed that the GPC+AA controller realized effective control of the BGC of in-silico patients with T1D. Here, the effectiveness of the GPC+AA controller was further tested with strict conditions, including a pump with noise and error, a continuous glucose monitoring sensor and a high carbohydrate intake. Test results showed that the BGC of adolescent group was not effectively controlled with the GPC+AA controller. Then, the adaptive softening factor strategy was further optimized and a GPC controller with an adaptive reference glucose trajectory and an optimized adaptive softening factor (GPC+AO) was proposed here. It was demonstrated that the optimized adaptive softening factor strategy significantly improved the performance of the GPC controller, and the average BGC percentage within the euglycemic range of 9 adults and 10 adolescents increased to 80% and 70%, respectively. Thus, our GPC+AO controller is effective for patients with T1D and can be potentially applied in the AP systems.

The Application of Ground-Based and Satellite Remote Sensing for Estimation of Bio-Physiological Parameters of Wheat Grown Under Different Water Regimes

Remote sensing technologies have been widely studied for the estimation of crop biometric and physiological parameters. The number of sensors and data acquisition methods have been increasing, and their evaluation is becoming a necessity. The aim of this study was to assess the performance of two remote sensing data for describing the variations of biometric and physiological parameters of durum wheat grown under different water regimes (rainfed, 50% and 100% of irrigation requirements). The experimentation was carried out in Policoro (Southern Italy) for two growing seasons. The Landsat 8 and Sentinel-2 images and radiometric ground-based data were acquired regularly during the growing season with plant biometric (leaf area index and dry aboveground biomass) and physiological (stomatal conductance, net assimilation, and transpiration rate) parameters. Water deficit index was closely related to plant water status and crop physiological parameters. The enhanced vegetation index showed slightly better performance than the normalized difference vegetation index when plotted against the leaf area index with R2 = 0.73. The overall results indicated that the ground-based vegetation indices were in good agreement with the satellite-based indices. The main constraint for effective application of satellite-based indices remains the presence of clouds during the acquisition time, which is particularly relevant for winter–spring crops. Therefore, the integration of remote sensing and field data might be needed to optimize plant response under specific growing conditions and to enhance agricultural production.

Implementation of an Interactive Environment With Multilevel Wireless Links for Distributed Botanical Garden in University Campus

In this contribution, an end to end system to enable user interaction with a distributed botanical university campus garden is designed, implemented and tested. The proposed system employs different wireless links to collect data related to different bio physiological parameters of both the vegetation mass and the surrounding environment. Detailed analysis of these multilevel communication links is performed by using deterministic volumetric wireless channel estimation and considering underground, near ground and over ground radio propagation conditions. An in-house developed technique enables accurate wireless channel characterization for complete campus scenario considering the multiple link types and all its composing elements. Node definition and network topology is thus obtained by wireless channel analysis of over ground, near ground and underground communication for both 868 MHz and 2.4 GHz Wireless Sensor Networks in an inhomogeneous vegetation environment. Connectivity to enable user interaction as well as for telemetry and tele-control purposes within the campus is achieved by combining ZigBee and LoRaWAN transceivers with the corresponding sensor/actuator platforms. Coverage studies have been performed in order to assess communication capabilities in the set of multiple underground/near ground/over ground links, by means of deterministic channel analysis for the complete university campus location. Measurement results in lab environment as well as full system deployment are presented, showing good agreement with deterministic simulations. Moreover, system level tests have been performed over a physical campus cloud, providing adequate quality of experience metrics. The proposed solution is a scalable system that provides real time trees status monitoring by a cloud-based platform, enabling user interaction within a distributed botanical garden environment in the university campus.

Effectiveness of acupressure on pain management among mediosternotomy patients

Acupressure is an alternative therapy that uses fingers and hands to stimulate acupoints and maintains the balance of energy. It was well documented that acupressure is effective in relieving different types of pains in patients with different conditions. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of acupressure in pain and improving the bio-physiological parameters among mediosternotomy patients. The present study was conducted at Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Medical Sciences, Whitefield, Bangalore. A total of twenty male and female patients those who undergo open-heart surgery via median sternotomy were part of the study after obtaining the written informed consent. After recording the demographic data, the participants were randomly grouped into control and intervention groups using random numbers generated by computer with 10 participants in each group. The intervention will be provided at PC6 acupressure point, situated on the inner side of the forearm, three fingers below the wrist joint, three times a day for four days. Numerical Rating Scale of pain was used to assess the pain of the Participants. There was a significant decrease in the pain score of the participants, followed by the acupressure. The study provides further evidence for the effectiveness of the acupressure in pain management and also recommends detailed research in this area.

Testing the stress-buffering hypothesis of sensation seeking in a controlled experimental setting

Because sensation seeking is characterized by a seeking of intense stimulation and novel sensations and experiences, previous studies have suggested that high sensation seekers are less impaired by stressful events. In the present study, we examined the extent to which sensation seeking has a stress-buffering effect in the context of working on a sustained attention task under changing noise conditions. We focused on direct stress outcomes, which were operationalized by parameters on three different levels of observation (subjective experience via self-reports, biophysiological parameters, and performance measures).Our findings only reveal the hypothesized buffering effect for self-reported negative affect. However, contrary to our hypothesis, we found no evidence for any stress-moderating effect of sensation seeking in objective data (biophysiological parameters and performance measures) and self-reported stress experience. These findings were independent from the inventory we used to measure sensation seeking.

Effectiveness of Pranayama on Bio-physiological Parameters Among Patients with Bronchial Asthma

Effectiveness of Pranayama on Bio-physiological Parameters Among Patients with Bronchial Asthma

Association between symptom experiences with bio-physiological parameters of haemodialysis patients during AV-fistula cannulation

Association between symptom experiences with bio-physiological parameters of haemodialysis patients during AV-fistula cannulation

Effectiveness of aromatherapy massage on the stress of the surgical center nursing team: a pilot study.

To verify the effectiveness of aromatherapy with essential oils of lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) and geranium (Pelargonium graveolens) associated with massage for stress relief of a nursing staff of the surgical center through evaluation of biophysiological and psychological parameters. Pilot study, controlled and randomized clinical trial performed with the nursing team of a surgical center of a teaching hospital in the interior of the state of São Paulo. The intervention comprised six aromatherapy massages with essential oils diluted in neutral cream at concentration 1% each. Heart rate and blood pressure levels were measured before and after each massage session. The Work Stress Scale (WSS) and the List of Stress Symptoms (LSS) were applied before and at the end of the intervention. Statistical analysis was performed with the paired t-test and chi-square test, 95% confidence interval and p <0.05. There was a statistically significant reduction in heart rate and blood pressure levels after massage sessions. The use of aromatherapy has demonstrated effectiveness for lowering biophysiological parameters of the surgical center nursing staff. Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials: RBR-6mgqn3.

Guided Imagery on Bio Physiological Parameters among Patients receiving Chemotherapy

Cancer is a group of diseases characterized by uncontrolled and unregulated growth of cells. Chemotherapy is used to treat cancer which has many adverse effects that can be reduced by mind-body medicine. One amongst which is Guided Imagery that uses mental imagery to focus and direct the users’ imagination. So the researcher decided to create awareness about guided imagery and make them to practice the same to bring a reduction in their bio-physiological parameters. This study evaluates the effectiveness of guided imagery on selected bio physiological parameters among patients receiving chemotherapy in selected hospitals at Kanyakumari district, Tamilnadu. Evaluative research approach, quasi experimental time series research design was used for this study. It was conducted in Holy Cross Hospital, Nagercoil, Kanyakumari District among 20 samples selected by purposive sampling technique. After obtaining permission from the hospital and informed consent from the samples, demographic variables and clinical variables were collected. Pretest was conducted immediately after chemotherapy by using Observation tool which consisted of measurement of heart rate and blood pressure. Guided imagery was administered to them and post test was conducted for all the cycles (1st to 5th cycles). Majority of the samples belongs to the age group of 50–59 years, have an educational status of degree and above, were homemakers, belongs to nuclear family, reside in urban area with more than two children and have no social habits. 50% of them were males and 50% of them were females. All of them had identified their disease through biopsy and were with Cancer stomach with the duration of 12–120 months using adplatin as the chemotherapeutic drug have not undergone surgical treatment and taken ayurvedic treatment too. Half of them were in 2nd and 3rd stages of cancer respectively. 40% of them have not taken antiemetic drugs and 40% of them had taken antiemetic drugs for less than 12 months. It was also found that there was a move of samples from abnormal to normal heart rate and blood pressure after guided imagery. The pre test to final post test improvement of heart rate was statistically very highly significant (P<0.001). The pretest mean systolic blood pressure was 139.0±8.8mm/Hg. The pretest mean systolic blood pressure was 139.0±8.8mm/Hg. The post-5 tests mean systolic blood pressure was 123.0±4.8mm/Hg. The improvement of systolic blood pressure was statistically very highly significant (P<0.001). The pre test means diastolic blood pressure was 91.0±5.7mm/Hg. The post-5 tests mean diastolic blood pressure was 77.0±8.2mm/Hg. The improvement of diastolic blood pressure was statistically highly significant (P<0.01). Thus it was proved that guided imagery can effectively reduce the bio-physiological parameters that rise due to chemotherapy.

A Quasi Experimental Study to Compare the Effect of Semi-Sitting Versus Left Lateral Position on Maternal and Foetal Bio-Physiological Parameters Among Antenatal Women Undergoing Non Stress Test in Tertiary Care Hospital of Patiala, Punjab

Background of the study: NST is a simple, non invasive test performed in pregnancy over 28 weeks of gestation. Pregnant women are generally positioned in the supine position because this position allow easy administration of the test. But supine position cause aortacaval compression which decrease blood supply to the fetus hence shows non reactive results. Hence position is one of the main factor which should be considered during non stress test. Methodology: Aquasi experimental design was used. Total 60 antenatal women (30 experimental group I, 30 experimental group II) was selected by purposive sampling technique. Data collection method- Baseline maternal foetal bio-physiological parameters were assessed by performing NST for 10 minutes in baseline position(supine position) among experimental groups and then after a gap of 10 minutes semi-sitting and left lateral position was given to experimental group I and II respectively. Maternal and foetal bio-physiological parameters were assessed after 10 minutes of NST in both experimental groups I and II. Results: Result of the present study revealed that baseline (supine) when compared with Semi-sitting position had significant effect on maternal foetal bio-physiological parameters at (p&lt;0.05) level of significance however when baseline (supine) compared with left lateral position had no significant effect on maternal bio- physiological parameters except on pulse rate at (p&lt;0.05) level of significance whereas left lateral position had significant effect on foetal bio-physiological parameters except baseline heart rate and deceleration at (p&lt;0.05) level of significance. When semi-sitting compared with left lateral had no significant effect on maternal foetal bio-physiological parameters at (p&lt;0.05) level of significance. Conclusion: Baseline position(supine) when altered to semi-sitting or left lateral position influence the maternal foetal bio-physiological parameters. Semi-sitting when compared with left lateral had no significant effect on maternal and foetal bio- physiological parameters.

Effectiveness of Comprehensive Intervention Package on Psychological and Bio-Physiological Parameters among Adolescents-A Pilot Study

A remarkable change in growth and development occurs during the adolescence. Changes occur in their capability to understand, judge and appraise situations and informations. School plays an important role in this transition period from childhood to adulthood. Comprehensive interventions provided at school promote physical and psychological well-being. Thus the present study was aimed at assessing the effectiveness of comprehensive intervention package on psychological and bio-physiological parameters among adolescents. Quantitative experimental pre-test and post test control group design was used. Comprehensive intervention package aimed at promoting assertive communication, reducing stress, enhancing coping, peer relationship and self-esteem was found to be more effective on the experimental group compared to the control group with no treatment.

Comparison of Glutamine Enriched Feed over normal Routine feed in Traumatic brain Injury Patients: A Randomized double blind Controlled Trial

Context : This study was planned to evaluate the effectiveness of glutamine enriched feed in comparison with routing feed for traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients. Objective: the objective of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of glutamine feed on selected biophysiological parameters of TBI patients. Design, Setting, Participants : Study was conducted in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and TC5 ward of Jai Prakash Narayan Apex Trauma Centre (JPNATC), AIIMS. Thirty five patients admitted with TBI were randomized into control group (n=18) and interventional group (n=17) in a double-blind, randomized control trial between June and November 2013. Quantitative evaluative approach was used for the study. 15 patients from each group has completed the full course of study. Interventions : Patients in the interventional group were supplemented with 20g of glutamine per day for 10 days along with the normal routine feed for head injury patients while the patients in control group received routine feed as per physician order. Results : There was significant increase in hemoglobine (p<0.05), serum protein (p<0.05) and serum albumin (p<0.05) in patients who received glutamine enriched feed while patients who received routine feed showed significant decline in all the parameters. Conclusion : Routine administration of glutamine enriched feed can be safely done and it can result in better clinical outcome for the traumatic brain injury patients compared with those who are getting normal routine feed which lacks in glutamine.

The Use of Minipig in Drug Discovery and Development: Pros and Cons of Minipig Selection and Strategies to Use as a Preferred Nonrodent Species.

The pig was introduced more than 20 years ago in drug development following attempts of finding a species that shares better homology with human than the dog, based on biophysiological parameters. However, miniaturization, standardized breeding, and health status control were required before the pig could find a broader than niche application in pharmaceutical industry. During the years of experience with minipigs in pharmaceutical research and the science evolving rapidly, the selection of a nonrodent animal species for preclinical safety testing became primarily driven by pharmacological (target expression homologous function), pharmacokinetic, and biophysiological considerations. This offered a broad field of application for the minipig, besides the well-established use in dermal projects in all areas of drug development but also in novel approaches including genetically modified animals. In this article, we look at recent approaches and requirements in the optimal selection of a nonrodent model in pharmaceutical development and critically ask how good a choice the minipig offers for the scientist, how did the testing environment evolve, and what are the key requirements for a broader use of the minipig compared to the other well-established nonrodent species like dog or monkey.

Effect of Adding Garlic (Allium sativum), Black Seed (Nigella Sativa) and their combination on Some Bio-Physiological Parameters in young common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)

This study has been executed to elucidate the effect of different levels of garlic (Allium sativum) and black seed (Nigella sativa) in fish diet of common carp Cyprinus carpio L. on some Bio-Physiological Parameters. This study has been executed for a period 8 weeks after an adaptation period of 20 days in the fish laboratory of Animal Science Department, College of Agricultural sciences/ University of Sulaimani, Iraq. It was conducted by using 260 fish (their average weight was 29±1g) of common carp C. carpio L. This experiment was distributed into 9 treatments with three replicates for each treatment as follow; T1 with 0%, T2 10% black seed, T3 1% garlic, T4 10% black seed with 1% garlic, T5 5%black seed, T6 5% garlic, T7 10% black seed with 0.5% garlic, T8 5% black seed with 1% garlic, and T9 5% black seed with 0.5% garlic. T6 with 0.5 % Garlic was higher significantly in Gonadosomatic index as compared to other treatments, in opposite to it the Spleenosomatic index which was lesser significantly than other treatments, in Condition factor the T4 with 10% Black seed + %1 Garlic was higher significantly than other treatments, T5 with 5% Black seeds powder and T6 with 0.5 % Garlic were lesser significantly as compared to other treatment in Hepatosomatic index. No significant differences observed in Hepatosomatic index and Spleenosomatic index, T4 with 10% Black seed + %1 Garlic elevate significantly the Gonadosomatic index, control, T3 with 1 Garlic powder, T6 with 0.5 % Garlic, T7 with 10% Black seed + % 0.5 Garlic were significantly higher in condition factor. no significant differences observed in fish weight without viscera, significant differences found among the treatments in Fish weight without viscera &amp; head. After ten days the a significant differences observed in Fish weight without viscera, the control and T8 with 5 % Black seed + % 1 Garlic were lower significantly in Fish weight without viscera &amp; head.

Efficient solution methodology for calibrating the hemodynamic model using functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) measurements.

Our aim is to propose a numerical strategy for retrieving accurately and efficiently the biophysiological parameters as well as the external stimulus characteristics corresponding to the hemodynamic mathematical model that describes changes in blood flow and blood oxygenation during brain activation. The proposed method employs the TNM-CKF method developed in [1], but in a prediction/correction framework. We present numerical results using both real and synthetic functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) measurements to highlight the performance characteristics of this computational methodology.

Clinical intervention research on mental stress-induced myocardial ischemia

To observe the impact of Xinkeshu on top of standard medication on psychological stress-related emotional and biophysiological parameters in patients with mental stress-induced myocardial ischemia (MSIMI). A randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted on 40 patients with MSIMI and patients were randomized into treatment group (n = 21) and control group (n = 19) by random number table method. Patients in the treatment group received Xinkeshu (12 capsules/d) on top of standard therapy, and the control group received placebo on top of standard therapy. Serum homocysteine (Hcy), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS) were compared between the groups at baseline and after 8 weeks therapy. (1) Baseline data were similar between the 2 groups (all P > 0.05). (2) After 8 weeks, LVFS was significantly increased (from (34.62 ± 5.76)% to (35.90 ± 4.99) %, P = 0.027) and serum Hcy (from (18.08 ± 1.81) µmol/L to (16.06 ± 10.10) µmol/L), PHQ-9 (from 8.14 ± 3.98 to 6.28 ± 2.87) and GAD-7 (from 9.52 ± 4.98 to 6.48 ± 3.84) were significantly reduced in treatment group (all P < 0.05) compared to baseline. In the control group, only GAD-7 was significantly reduced (from 8.89 ± 5.06 to 6.74 ± 4.80, P = 0.003) after 8 weeks therapy compared to baseline (P < 0.05) while other parameters remained unchanged (all P > 0.05). Xinkeshu on the top of standard therapy can improve the emotional state and left ventricular systolic function in patients with MSIMI.

Effectiveness of Comprehensive Intervention Package on Assertiveness, Stress, Coping, Peer Relationship, Self-esteem and Bio-Physiological Parameters among Adolescents

Adolescence is the most sensitive and important stage of development because it is during these period major changes in physical, cognitive, social and emotional development occurs3. As the needs and problems of adolescents are unique and multi dimensional in nature, increased aention, guidance and interventions at the school level is inevitable and essential to step into a healthier adulthood stage of development.