Biological Aspect Research Articles

Bioecological aspect of lamasi (Barbonymus gonionotus) in mailil rever labuhanbatu district, indonesia

The existence of gold mining activities in mailil river can disrupt the stability of the ecosystem, fishing by using toxins, which may result in a decrease in fish populations in the river mailil. This study aims to obtain information related to biological and ecological aspects (Barbonymus gonionotus) in river Mailil, Village. This study was conducted from November 2020 to January 2021. The locations for sampling were determined based on information from the local community in Bandar Kumbul Village. Samples were caught using nets, traps, and nets Sampling was conducted from 09:00 am to 03:00 pm. The biological aspect being measured was the length-weight relationship of the fish using the linear allometric model (LAM). Meanwhile, the ecological aspect being measured was the condition factor using Fulton’s K equation and relative weight (Wr) equation. In this study, 54 silver barbs (B. gonionotus) were successfully caught as samples. The results of the length-weight relationship analysis indicated a negative allometric relationship with the value of b = 0.52 (b < 3). Furthermore, the value of Fulton’s K condition factor was 27.75, while the value of relative weight (Wr) condition factor was 100.07. These results indicated that river Mailil as an ecosystem and habitat of silver barbs is in the balance condition.Keywords: Length-weight relationship, Barbonymus gonionotus, aek mailil

Neuro-Culture Interaction in Specific Brain Region of Immigrants: The Effect of Historical and Current Exposure from the Majority Culture

Ethnic majority culture (i.e. Malay) has given much influence on the biological and psychosocial aspect of immigrants in Malaysia. This study aims to examine the neuro-culture interaction among immigrants (historical and current immigrant) with regards to their emotional response towards Malay cultural heritage visualization. The Event Related Potential technique was used to explore the neural activity of the mental and emotional processes in response to specific culture-related stimuli. A modified oddball paradigm was applied in the presentation of the visual stimulus that was set-up in the e-prime program. Significant neuro-culture interaction was observed in the temporal area (T6) of the brain which was consistent in P300 and N200 amplitude. Current immigrants indicated significant lower P300 and N200 amplitudes, as compared to majority ethnicity (i.e. Malay). Long- and short-term exposure to cultural environment has an important consequence in the psycho-biological system.

Supperior Fishing Gear for Coral Reef Fishes in Western Seram Regency

Various fishing gears that are operated in the coral reef waters of Western Seram Regency have their own selectivity, capture various species of fish, and have an impact on the damage to coral reef ecosystems. This study aims to determine the leading reef fishing gears in Western Seram District. The survey method is through observations and interviews with fishermen who conduct fishing activities of coral species. Respondents are determined by propulsive sampling, the selection of superior fishing gear is done by the scoring method. The results showed that the fishing gear classified into the line fishing gear was superior to other fishing gear, where the bottom trolling were superior. The less favored coral fishing equipment especially from the biological aspect needs attention to improve the method and design of the fishing gear.

Non-immune Traits Triggered by Blood Intake Impact Vectorial Competence.

Blood-feeding arthropods are considered an enormous public health threat. They are vectors of a plethora of infectious agents that cause potentially fatal diseases like Malaria, Dengue fever, Leishmaniasis, and Lyme disease. These vectors shine due to their own physiological idiosyncrasies, but one biological aspect brings them all together: the requirement of blood intake for development and reproduction. It is through blood-feeding that they acquire pathogens and during blood digestion that they summon a collection of multisystemic events critical for vector competence. The literature is focused on how classical immune pathways (Toll, IMD, and JAK/Stat) are elicited throughout the course of vector infection. Still, they are not the sole determinants of host permissiveness. The dramatic changes that are the hallmark of the insect physiology after a blood meal intake are the landscape where a successful infection takes place. Dominant processes that occur in response to a blood meal are not canonical immunological traits yet are critical in establishing vector competence. These include hormonal circuitries and reproductive physiology, midgut permeability barriers, midgut homeostasis, energy metabolism, and proteolytic activity. On the other hand, the parasites themselves have a role in the outcome of these blood triggered physiological events, consistently using them in their favor. Here, to enlighten the knowledge on vector–pathogen interaction beyond the immune pathways, we will explore different aspects of the vector physiology, discussing how they give support to these long-dated host–parasite relationships.

The 90th Anniversary of the Borissiak Paleontological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences: from the “Golden Age” of Paleontology to New Perspectives

The main directions and results of the Paleontological Institute’s activities over the past 40 years are considered. The demand for paleontological research conducted by the Institute’s scientists has shifted from stratigraphy and geological surveying towards the study of the evolution of the biosphere and evolutionary developmental biology. It is shown that the rapidly developing biological aspect of paleontological research continues to be largely based on a detailed analysis of the stratigraphic and geographic distribution of fossil organisms.

Impact of logging on the biodiversity and composition of flora and fauna in the mangrove forests of Bintuni Bay, West Papua, Indonesia

The mangrove ecosystem of Bintuni Bay, West Papua, Indonesia is one of the largest in the world covering more than 250,000 ha. In the southern part of the bay, ± 82,120 ha of mangroves and surrounding area is managed and harvested under a 30-year rotation cycle to produce wood chips, with strict compliance to sustainable forest management standards. Flora and fauna have been continuously monitored for a period of 10 years (2009–2018), to assess the effectiveness of environmental management programs on the biological aspect. Mangrove flora and fauna recorded in the area comprise 28 true mangrove species representing 11 families along with 103 birds (40 families), 9 reptiles (6 families) and 7 mammals (5 families). Results confirm previous studies that secondary mangrove forest shows significant growth and recovery, with 5 true mangrove species consistently becoming dominant species in primary and secondary mangrove forest. Logging on mangroves significantly impacted the biodiversity of flora as Rhizopora apiculata become more dominant in secondary forest covering 69% of total species composition. Abundance and diversity of fauna in secondary forest was higher in younger forests as compared to older stands. About 18% of total fauna individual was categorized as keystone species. Fauna composition was not significantly impacted by logging most likely due to the abundance of habitat (untouched forest) remaining in the surrounding harvest area. With appropriate environmental management programs, impact of logging on mangrove forest can be minimized and the ecosystem could be restored effectively to provide adequate habitat for flora and fauna.

Minocycline and Doxycycline: More Than Antibiotics.

Minocycline and doxycycline both are second-generation tetracycline antibiotics with similar chemical structures and comparable antibacterial spectrum. Minocycline has also emerged as the tetracycline of choice for multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii infections, although doxycycline has also shown the activity. Minocycline showed promising results in experimental neurology, which was due to its highly lipophilic nature. It is clinically safe and effective adjunct to antipsychotic medications. The objective of the current review is to provide clinical and preclinical, non-antibiotic uses of minocycline as well as doxycycline. Relevant literature covers antibiotic actions but is more specifically concerned with the non-antibiotic biological aspect of tetracyclines. Non-antibiotic biological effects for both the antibiotics were identified through searching relevant databases including: PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science up to 2020, using the keywords 'minocycline and doxycycline'. Anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-apoptotic neuroprotective, immunomodulatory and the number of other non-antibiotic effects were compiled for minocycline and doxycycline.

Modelling determinants of geographical Patterns in the Marital Statuses of Women in Nigeria

Marriage is an important social, cultural, and biological aspect of human life but is often affected by societal changes leading to differences in family formation and reproductive behaviour. Changes in marital patterns are component of transformations in a society’s social structure. Variations in marriage patterns exist within and across countries and over time. We examine the trends and spatial patterns of marital statuses among women of reproductive age (15–49 years) in Nigeria and further determine the associated factors based on the country’s north–south divide. Data were sourced from the Nigeria demographic and health survey conducted in 2003, 2008, 2013, and 2018, and the marital patterns were classified into four categories: never married, married, cohabiting, and formerly married. A Bayesian multinomial spatial model that simultaneously estimates parameters of different forms through a geo-additive predictor was adopted, and inference was based on Markov chain Monte Carlo. Findings reveal a north–south divide in marriage patterns. Women in the northern part of the country have a higher likelihood of being in marital union, while those in the south have a higher likelihood of cohabitation. A somewhat east–west divide was obtained for formerly married. Religion and ethnicity were found to be the major factors that account for differences in marital patterns across the divide and based on rural and urban residency. Cultural practices dictated by these variables would, therefore, continue to shape marital patterns and, by extension, fertility in Nigeria. The factors are hence important to be considered in marriage related policy formulation.

Culto ao corpo e suas formas de disseminação através das mídias: uma revisão integrativa no olhar da Educação Física

Este trabalho teve como objetivo realizar uma análise da produção científica sobre a influência da mídia no âmbito da Educação Física Escolar e Universitária, a fim de discutir sobre conceitos, métodos e ações pedagógicas utilizadas por professores de Educação Física. Trata-se de revisão integrativa da literatura, realizada por meio da busca por artigos científicos capturados nas principais bases de dados. Por meio dos estudos analisados, foi possível compreender a necessidade de romper as barreiras criadas pelo sistema hegemônico de culto ao corpo, que afeta especialmente os jovens. No contexto formativo e educacional é necessário atribuir ao currículo acadêmico dos professores e nas aulas de Educação Física as implicações dos conteúdos midiáticos nos padrões corporais, o que leva o professor a trabalhar além do aspecto biológico. Os docentes devem promover a criação de ferramentas e conteúdos que despertem nos alunos uma visão crítica diante do que é imposto pela mídia e a indústria da beleza no ideal de corpo. Conclui-se que o trabalho possibilitou trazer reflexões e um confronto de ideias em torno do influxo das mídias sobre os saberes de corpo de estudantes e professores.

History of Epizootics, Epidemics and Evolution of Coronaviruses

Coronavirus (CoV), which causes animal diseases, has become a human health concern. Prior to 2003, CoV caused respiratory diseases and enteric disorders, but after 2003, CoV caused three acute respiratory syndromes, resulting in significant human deaths. Since then, research on CoV has multiplied, leading to a deeper knowledge of the species. It is in this context that this article reviews the history, the biological aspect, the evolution and the crossing of the CoV species barrier. This review shows that CoVs are formed by a large genome (27 to 33 kb) and by structural proteins (spike S, hemagglutinin esterase HE and membran protein M). Various coronaviruses have been described in a wide range of species including chickens (<i>IBV-CoV</i>), pigs (<i>PHE-CoV, PED-CoV, TGE-CoV PR-CoV, PD-CoV, SADS-CoV</i>), cattle (<i>BCoV</i>), cats (<i>FCoV</i>), dogs (<i>CCoV</i>), and humans (<i>HCoV-229E, HCoV-OC43, HCoV-NL63, HCoV-HKU1, SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV</i>, and <i>SARS-CoV2</i>). Birds and bats are the main reservoirs of CoVs, but due to the low fidelity of the replication complex, CoVs have the ability to adapt to various species. Due to the crossing of the species barrier, CoVs have a wide host range resulting in the emergence of various strains worldwide. This information can help researchers develop intervention strategies to prevent the re-emergence of CoVs in the future.

The biology of the tumor microenvironment in DLBCL: Targeting the "don't eat me" signal.

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common type of malignant lymphoma with biologically and clinically heterogeneous features. Recently, the tumor microenvironment of this disease has been recognized as an important biological aspect of tumor development and therapeutic targets. Recurrent genetic alterations play significant roles in immune recognition of lymphoma cells. In particular, novel genetic alterations promoting phagocytosis were identified, suggesting a potential therapeutic strategy targeting the “don’t eat me” signal.

Predicting Potato Diseases Using Tensorflow in Mobile Apps Android

Detecting disease is something that can help to determine how to cure it. Potato diseases, namely early blight and late blight, are the problem in agriculture. Both diseases have almost the same characteristics so it is difficult to recognize. The technique used by farmers only utilizes their eyesight. In addition, previous studies have mostly used the biological aspect approach. In this study utilizing Machine Learning to detect an object. The development of this application uses the training configuration used is SSD Mobilenet v1. Application test results obtained an average value of 90% can detect and distinguish the types of diseases in the potato plant.

The Universal Right to Breathe

Mbembe focuses on the aspects of the aspects of the universal right to breath Already some people are talking about post-COVID-19 Even if, for most of us, especially those in parts of the world where health care systems have been devastated by years of organized neglect, the worst is yet to come With no hospital beds, no respirators, no mass testing, no masks nor disinfectants nor arrangements for placing those who are infected in quarantine, unfortunately, many will not pass through the eye of the needle

Microenseñanza para el desarrollo de competencias en la educación superior

The physical, biological, mental, psychological and emotional aspect is inert to the human being, it always accompanies in his life, in this respect, the knowledge of how the human brain learns has a great impact on education. Comprehending the brain mechanisms related to learning, genetic effects, context, emotions and age are some factors that support transforming educational strategies in order to make them more effective and better targeted, therefore, this article encloses a proposal in the concept of micro teaching to make better the meaningful learning on higher education.

Liforme Instravagante: a comida como representação do poder no sertão nordestino brasileiro

Este trabalho analisou a música "Liforme Instravagante" coletada da tradição oral, adaptada do ritmo coco para o baião e, regravada em 1963 por Luiz Gonzaga do Nascimento. A canção revela as representações e a construção do imaginário social atribuídas à comida. A metodologia utilizada está ancorada nos dispositivos teórico-metodológicos da análise do discurso, segundo Bakthin. A canção popular manteve vínculo com a modalidade oral do português brasileiro e não passou pelo processo de “higienização” que consiste em apagar os traços de oralidade e substituí-los por construções mais próximas da modalidade escrita. "Liforme Instravagante" exibe as práticas alimentares e o modo de organização da sociedade sertaneja nordestina, revelando o poder do coronel, evidenciado durante a festa de São João, por meio da oferta de um banquete composto por comidas típicas daquela região. À medida que a música descreve a fartura, revela a pobreza e a escassez de um povo. Por essa razão, o ato de comer deve considerar não somente o aspecto biológico, mas também o entrelaçamento das perspectivas sócio-política, simbólica, identitária e cultural.

Environmental impact assessment in Nigeria- A review

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) is an essential tool used for decision making in a developmental projects as well as a systematic process to identify, predict and evaluate the environmental effects of the proposed actions and projects; the process is applied prior to major decisions and commitments being made. This paper makes a systematic review of the challenges relating to the application of Environmental Impact Assessment in Nigeria, in order to achieve sustainable development. The present review describes the laws, basic principles, procedures, sustainability and impact of EIA on biological aspect, meanwhile the paper also emphases on the constraints of EIA in Nigeria.

ACE2 polymorphisms as potential players in COVID-19 outcome.

The clinical condition COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, was declared a pandemic by the WHO in March 2020. Currently, there are more than 5 million cases worldwide, and the pandemic has increased exponentially in many countries, with different incidences and death rates among regions/ethnicities and, intriguingly, between sexes. In addition to the many factors that can influence these discrepancies, we suggest a biological aspect, the genetic variation at the viral S protein receptor in human cells, ACE2 (angiotensin I-converting enzyme 2), which may contribute to the worse clinical outcome in males and in some regions worldwide. We performed exomics analysis in native and admixed South American populations, and we also conducted in silico genomics databank investigations in populations from other continents. Interestingly, at least ten polymorphisms in coding, noncoding and regulatory sites were found that can shed light on this issue and offer a plausible biological explanation for these epidemiological differences. In conclusion, there are ACE2 polymorphisms that could influence epidemiological discrepancies observed among ancestry and, moreover, between sexes.

Developing a Hernia Mesh Tissue Integration Index Using a Porcine Model—A Pilot Study

Introduction: With so many prosthetics available, it can be difficult for surgeons to choose the most appropriate hernia mesh. Successful hernia repair mandates an understanding of how the patient's inflammatory response influences surgical outcomes. Failure to appreciate the importance of the biological aspect of hernia repair can be very costly as emerging evidence supports that biofilm formation and reduction in effective mesh porosity gives rise to long-term mesh complications including fibrosis, chronic mesh infection, and pain. In this pilot study, we utilized a large animal (porcine) model to develop a numerical Mesh Tissue Integration (MTI) Index focused on visible tissue ingrowth, fibrosis, adhesion formation and resorption of mesh. The aim is to help surgeons adopt an evidence-based approach in selecting the most appropriate mesh according to its tissue ingrowth characteristics, matched to the patient to achieve improved surgical outcomes and optimal patient-centered care.Methods: Two forty kg female Landrace pigs were recruited for this pilot study. A total of eight commonly used hernia mesh products and two controls measuring 5 × 5cm were surgically implanted in subrectus and intraperitoneal planes. The pigs were euthanised at 2 and 4 weeks, respectively. The abdominal wall was explanted, and the mesh specimens underwent macroscopic, histologic and biomechanical analysis, with engineering and pathology teams blinded to the mesh.Results: Significant differences between the degrees of MTI were observed at 2 weeks and the distinctions were even more apparent at 4 weeks. One of the interesting incidental findings we observed is that mesh products placed in the subrectus plane displayed greater degrees of adhesion strength and integration than those placed intraperitoneally.Conclusion: This pilot study is one of the first to propose a functional, biological standardized model for comparing hernia mesh products. The results are encouraging and demonstrate that this is a robust and transferrable model for assessing MTI in hernia mesh. The intention for this model is that it will be utilized synergistically with long term mesh/patient outcome registries and databases to inform improved matching of mesh to patient, particularly in the setting of the complex hernia repair and abdominal wall reconstruction.

Biological Aspect of Betta raja of Wild Type at Bandar Tinggi Village

Betta raja is endemic wild Betta fish whose habitat is found in Sumatera Island. One of the habitat found in Desa Bandar Tinggi, Kecamatan Bilah Hulu, Kabupaten Labuhanbatu. Population B. raja is increasingly diminished due to illegal logging and land conversion. The purpose of this research is to know the biological aspects of Lakepe fish (B. raja) in their natural habitat in Bandar Tinggi Village, Labuhan Batu Regency. Monitoring of biological aspects of B. raja in its original habitat needs to be. Considering B. raja as the biological wealth of endemic fish species that needs to be preserved. Methodology: The study uses exploratory methods with the determination of purposive sampling observation stations. Samples of fish captured using a fishing rod. The results of the study showed the value of b &lt; 3, then the pattern of fish growth is negative allometric, the population density of average fish is 0.33 – 0.40 Ind/m², and and sex ratio of females and males (1:1 )&#x0D; Keywords: Betta raja, Biological Aspect, Desa Bandar Tinggi

Biocomposite scaffolds for 3D cell culture: Propolis enriched polyvinyl alcohol nanofibers favoring cell adhesion

AbstractThe objective of this work is generation of propolis/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) scaffold by electrospinning for 3D cell culture. Here, PVA used as co‐spinning agent since propolis alone cannot be easily processed by electrospinning methodology. Propolis takes charge in maximizing biological aspect of scaffold to facilitate cell attachment and proliferation. Morphological analysis showed size of the electrospun nanofibers varied between 172–523 nm and 345–687 nm in diameter, for non‐crosslinked and crosslinked scaffolds, respectively. Incorporation of propolis resulted in desired surface properties of hybrid matrix, where hybrid scaffolds highly favored protein adsorption. To examine cell compatibility, NIH‐3T3 and HeLa cells were seeded on propolis/PVA hybrid scaffold. Results confirmed that integration of propolis supported cell adhesion and cell proliferation. Also, results indicated electrospun propolis/PVA hybrid scaffold provide suitable microenvironment for cell culturing. Therefore, developed hybrid scaffold could be considered as potential candidate for 3D cell culture and tissue engineering.