Abstract The Journal of Indian Medical Heritage (formerly known as Bulletin of the Institute of History of Medicine, Bulletin of the Indian Institute of History of Medicine, and Journal of Indian Institute of History of Medicine) published by the Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences (CCRAS), New Delhi. The journal publishes literary research and medico-historical studies on Ayush medical systems, Modern medicine, other world medical traditions, History, Archeology, Anthropology, Indology, and Literature. The aim of the study was to carry out a detailed bibliometric analysis of articles published in the Journal of Indian Medical Heritage (JIMH) from 1971 to 2020. As of March 2021, the journal published 50 volumes from 1971 to 2020. The present analysis covers and discusses the year-wise distributions of papers; authorship pattern; most prolific authors; length of papers; number of citations; indexed papers, geographical distribution of papers; and organization-wise, subject-wise, and category-wise distribution of papers. The study shows that a total of 581 full-length papers and 5457 citations were published during 1971–2020. Among 581 papers, 393 (67.64%) papers are contributed by single authors and 188 (32.36%) by joint authorship. The majority of papers had 6–10 pages (216), and the highest number of papers was contributed by authors from India (87.61%) and by CCRAS (59.12%). The research publications are categorized under fifteen subject areas, and the three top papers are published on the subject of Ayurveda (224), followed by the Unani medical system (119) and Modern medicine (42). It is noted that the published papers under different subjects are inherently classified under twelve categories, and the three top papers pertaining to medico-historical studies (172), descriptive notes on manuscripts, rare books (92), and biographical profiles of authors of classical treatises and eminent personalities who significantly contributed in medical systems (84). The current study explores the intellectual structure and trends in medico-historical studies in Ayush medical systems, modern medicine, and health-related domain areas.