Biofuel Applications Research Articles

Excess Enthalpies Analysis of Biofuel Components: Sunflower Oil-Alcohols Systems.

This study addresses the pressing issues of energy production and consumption, in line with global sustainable development goals. Focusing on the potential of alcohols as "green" alternatives to traditional fossil fuels, especially in biofuel applications, we investigate the thermochemical properties of three alcohols (n-propanol, n-butanol, n-pentanol) blended with sunflower oil. The calorimetric analysis allows for the experimental determination of excess enthalpies in pseudo-binary mixtures at 303.15 K, revealing similarities in the trends of the curves (dependence on concentrations) but with different values for the excess enthalpies for each mixture. Despite the structural differences of the alcohols studied, the molar excess enthalpy values exhibit uniformity, suggesting consistent mixing behavior. The peak values of excess enthalpies for systems with sunflower oil and n-propanol, n-butanol and n-pentanol are, respectively, 3255.2 J/mole, 3297.4 J/mole and 3150.1 J/mole. Both the NRTL and Redlich-Kister equations show satisfactory agreement with the obtained values.

Eliciting specialized metabolites from marine microalgae using abiotic stress

ABSTRACT Advanced mass spectrometry and molecular networking techniques have led to an increase in the discovery of novel metabolites from bacteria and fungi. However, a systematic approach to exploring the metabolite profiles of microalgae in response to stress has not been performed. Unlocking the chemical potential of microalgae could provide further biotechnology applications in nutraceutical, biofuel, and cosmetic industries. This study explored the changes in metabolite production of strains of the three microalgae Dunaliella primolecta, Nannochloropsis oculata, and Phaeodactylum tricornutum cultured under varying nitrate, NaCl, salinity and pH conditions. A total of 2284 metabolites were detected across all strains and conditions, with 49% of those metabolites specific to cultures grown under stress (i.e., not present in the control). From comparison with 33 libraries of mass spectral data, only five metabolites were identified, stressing the need for more open-access natural product databases specifically focused on microalgae.

Algae-Based Biopolymers for Batteries and Biofuel Applications in Comparison with Bacterial Biopolymers-A Review.

Algae-based biopolymers can be used in diverse energy-related applications, such as separators and polymer electrolytes in batteries and fuel cells and also as microalgal biofuel, which is regarded as a highly renewable energy source. For these purposes, different physical, thermochemical, and biochemical properties are necessary, which are discussed within this review, such as porosity, high temperature resistance, or good mechanical properties for batteries and high energy density and abundance of the base materials in case of biofuel, along with the environmental aspects of using algae-based biopolymers in these applications. On the other hand, bacterial biopolymers are also often used in batteries as bacterial cellulose separators or as biopolymer network binders, besides their potential use as polymer electrolytes. In addition, they are also regarded as potential sustainable biofuel producers and converters. This review aims at comparing biopolymers from both aforementioned sources for energy conversion and storage. Challenges regarding the production of algal biopolymers include low scalability and low cost-effectiveness, and for bacterial polymers, slow growth rates and non-optimal fermentation processes often cause challenges. On the other hand, environmental benefits in comparison with conventional polymers and the better biodegradability are large advantages of these biopolymers, which suggest further research to make their production more economical.

Screening and Isolation of Xylanolytic Filamentous Fungi from the Gut of Scarabaeidae Dung Beetles and Dung Beetle Larvae.

Research on renewable biotechnology for renewable biofuel applications has reached new heights. This is highlighted by extensive biomining for novel enzymes to reduce the production costs from animal and insect gut microbiomes. This study explored the diversity and composition of hemicellulolytic fungi in the gut microbiota from dung beetles of the family Scarabaeidae (Pachylomerus femoralis, Anachalcos convexus and Euoniticellus intermedius). Two hundred and twenty-two filamentous fungi were isolated, purified and identified using rDNA sequencing of the ITS and D1/D2 regions. The fungal isolates were assigned to 12 genera and 25 species. Fungi associated with the genus Aspergillus was in abundance, with Hypocrea lixii predominantly isolated. Isolates that produced more than 3 U/mL of xylanase activity were evaluated further. The highest xylanase activity was of 23.6 and 23.5 U/mL for L1XYL9 (E. intermedius larvae) and Hypocrea lixii AB2A3 (A. convexus), respectively. Phylogeny of the fungal strains with xylanolytic activity was analysed using ITS rDNA sequences and revealed close genetic relatedness between isolates from the different dung beetle species. Fungal genera commonly found in the gut of both adult beetles and larvae included Aspergillus, Hypocrea, Talaromyces and Penicillium. The results obtained in this study suggest that the gut of Scarabaeidae dung beetles in South Africa is a rich source of xylanolytic fungi.

Reinventing Hemp as Bio Fiber Material for Industrial Applications: Past, Present and the Future

This review paper gives an overview Hemp known as Cannabis Sativa, which has been cultivated and used as an agricultural crop centuries before the Common Area. Hemp has been described as the billion-dollar plant in 1938 but has lost its value in the U.S. and the World due to regulatory and legislature issues since then. Hemp has seen as new push In the U.S. and other parts of the world with the introduction of legislature in the late 20th century in Europe and other parts of the world and recently in the U.S with the 2018 Farm Bill which allows on a federal level to grow Hemp, pending on individual state regulations, allowing Hemp to become a new sustainable crop for many future applications. However, Hemp research in these areas has stalled due to the complexity of the law. Hemp is used in many counties today that do not have as strict regulations as the U.S. and Europe in a variety of applications such as such as beauty products, pharmaceuticals, carpets, industrial insulation materials, paper products, cooking oil, personal care products, and textiles as well as biofuel application to replace petroleum-based fuels and gases due to its low lignin and high cellulose level. In most European countries, and the U.S. cultivars with a level below 0.3% THC are allowed. But cultivation is generally subject to reporting. The use of Hemp plants with higher levels is strictly forbidden in most countries. Usage of Hemp fibers as sustainable environmentally friendly fiber source for energy and industrial applications are slowly moving forwards at present time since there is barely practical large-scale research and pilot installations available about its industrial application potential.

The potential seaweed resources assessment: Its cultivation prospect and future biofuel feedstock

Global issues on energy and fuel for sustainable development industrial and household system are a major concern in the world economy. Biofuel is a renewable energy source that can potentially be a replacement for fossil fuels. The utilization of algal biomass or seaweed organic matter is a good source of ethanol, methanol, biobutanol, and biodiesel. Malaysia’s waters recorded approximately 400 species of macroalgae, with several species found to be a potential source for biofuel application. An expedition study for the seaweed natural resources was carried out in December 2016 in coastal areas in Johor and Melaka, Peninsular Malaysia. Green seaweed, Ulva, large brown seaweed, Sargassum, and Gracilaria (red seaweed) are found in the selected study areas and these genera are listed as biofuel resources in the literature. The design of offshore mariculture system specifically for seaweed farming for biomass production for biofuel. The prototype was constructed and deployed in Bidong Island, Terengganu in 2016 before the monsoon. At the end of the monsoon period, the prototype is still stable in situ. Selected seaweed species with biofuel potential were trial cultivated on the system and the growth performance of the particular species was monitored. The suggested species for biofuel are Gracilaria and Ulva, while Kappaphycus is targeted for the food industry. Gracilaria and Ulva were also studied for their bioremediation potential and suitability to grow on the system. Gracilaria spp. was able to grow on the system, indicating the designed system is feasible for biomass production of seaweed. Further, the selected seaweed species can function as biofilters for the nutrients in the environment and acceptability for a wide salinity range meaning that the system can be applied in different locations such as estuary, inshore, or offshore. Seaweed biofuel and its subsequent advantage related to pollution-free energy generation is of critical importance.

Microwave-Assisted Production of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural from Fructose Using Sulfamic Acid as a Green Catalyst

The development of safe-by-design synthesis of valuable chemicals from biomass derivatives is a key step towards sustainable chemical transformations in both academia and industry. 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) is a biomass derivative chemical of high commercial interest due to its wide range of chemical and biofuel applications. In this scenario, the present work contributes to a methodology for producing 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) through fructose dehydration reaction under microwave irradiation. The proposed protocol uses a simple sodium chloride–saturated aqueous-i-PrOH biphasic system and catalysis of sulfamic acid, a low-cost solid Brønsted–Lowry inorganic acid, which presents pivotal features of a sustainable catalyst. A 23 full factorial design was applied to achieve the highest conversion and 5-HMF yield, allowing the identification of the main factors involved in the process. Under the optimized conditions, fructose at the concentration of 120 g L−1 was converted with 91.15 ± 6.98% after 20 min at 180 °C, using 10 mol% of catalyst. 5-HMF was produced in 80.34 ± 8.41% yield and 73.20 ± 8.23% selectivity. Thus, the present contribution discloses a new optimized methodology for converting the biomass derivative fructose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF).

MICROALGAS: UMA ESTRATÉGIA SUSTENTÁVEL NA TRANSFORMAÇÃO E OBTENÇÃO DE COMPOSTOS ORGÂNICOS

MICROALGAE: A SUSTAINABLE STRATEGY IN THE TRANSFORMATION AND OBTAINING OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS. The present review presents the biotechnological potential of microalgae, highlighting its applications in biofuels, bioremediation, production of bioactive compounds, biocatalysts, and biofertilizers. Microalgae are photosynthetic microorganisms that combine characteristics of plants and heterotrophic microorganisms, such as yeasts, bacteria, and fungi. They can be considered biotechnological agents of extreme versatility and metabolic adaptability. Its photosynthetic efficiency can absorb large volumes of anthropogenic CO2 and convert it into biomass rich in compounds of high biological and energetic value, enabling the development of sustainable bioremediation processes and the production of third-generation biofuels and biofertilizers. In addition, its biomass has aroused interest in obtaining compounds with biological action, such as carotenoids, mycosporine-like amino acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, sterols, phycocolloids, carbohydrates, and proteins. The biotechnological potential of microalgae does not end with the production and extraction of its biomass. Its dynamic and adaptive metabolism allows its use in the biotransformation of xenobiotic substrates and the production of compounds of chemical and pharmaceutical interest. In this perspective, microalgae have application qualities as a biotechnological platform in developing synergistic processes between the environment, society, and industry, thus contributing to the expansion and use of Green Chemistry and strengthening the circular economy.

Extraction and Quantification of Lipids from Plant or Algae.

In plants and algae, the glycerolipidome changes in response to environmental modifications. For instance, in phosphate starvation, phospholipids are degraded and replaced by non-phosphorus lipids, and in nitrogen starvation, storage lipids accumulate. In addition to the well-known applications of oil crops for food, algae lipids are becoming a model for potential applications in health, biofuel, and green chemistry and are used as a platform for genetic engineering. It is therefore important to measure accurately and quickly the glycerolipid content in plants and algae. Here we describe the methods to extract the lipid and quantify the fatty acid amount of the lipid extract and the different lipid classes that are present in these samples.

Lipid Enhancement in Oleaginous Nannochloropsis sp. under Nitrate Limitation for Future Bioenergy Production

Microalgae possess high oil content, exhibit rapid growth rates and biomass productivity, and leave a minimal environmental footprint, making them highly attractive for biofuel applications. Consequently, this present study is aimed at evaluating the impact of nitrogen starvation on the marine microalgae Nannochloropsis sp. to enhance lipid accumulation. The microalga culture was grown under an irradiance of 120 μmol photon m-2 s-1, temperature 25 ± 1 °C, continuous air-CO2, and with different concentrations of sodium nitrites over a 14-day cultivation period. From the results, it was found that the growth of the strain decreased under limited nitrogen conditions. After harvesting, the cells in the supernatant were regenerated by cultivating in double concentration of media. The results showed that on the 12th day, the highest lipid content was achieved, reaching 68.0 ± 2.3 wt.% of the dry weight under nitrogen limitation. The composition of the obtained lipid consisted of 18.0 wt.% saturated fatty acids, 72.38 wt.% monounsaturated fatty acids, and 8.95 wt.% polyunsaturated fatty acids. The lipid composition was dominated by monounsaturated oleic acid ( 70.97 ± 4.6 wt.%), saturated palmitic acid ( 13.68 ± 1.0 wt.%), and polyunsaturated linoleic acid ( 8.41 ± 0.4 wt.%). The findings of this study demonstrated that limiting nitrogen availability enhanced lipid accumulation in Nannochloropsis sp. Despite experiencing inhibited growth, this microalga species shows great potential for the large-scale cultivation of lipids and essential fatty acids. These results contribute to understanding the relationship between nitrogen availability and lipid metabolism in microalgae, providing valuable insights for optimizing lipid production in the context of biofuel and biotechnology applications.

Application of Fatty Acids Distillation Products as a Substitute for Heavy Fuel Oil in Stationary Combustion Chambers

Liquid biofuels are of special interest due to the possibility of their application as a substitute for fossil liquid fuels. The necessary step is to investigate the possibility of bio-fuel application in terms of its properties and similarities to fossil liquid fuels (e.g., crude oil, heavy fuel oil, diesel). The properties and combustion performance of heavy fuel oil (HFO) and products of the fatty acids distillation residues (FADR) were analyzed in this study. The application of animal-fat-delivered fuels is fully suggested in the literature. Nevertheless, the investigations focused on the raw materials or their transformation into diesel. The novelty of this paper is the utilization of FADR as a substitute for HFO. The utilization of FADR allows the use of this material as a feedstock to obtain valuable products (fuel) and avoids generating waste after animal fat processing. The experimental investigations were carried out using a technical-scale 150 kWth combustion chamber. FADR can be recognized as a substitute for HFO due to its beneficial calorific properties and viscosity. Other beneficial effects are the significantly lower emission of SO2 (lower than 1 ppm) and PAHs (i.e., 355 µg/m3n) during the combustion of FADR. Finally, the application of FADR requires less energy demand for fuel heating and pressurization.

Numerical assessment of bioconvection in MHD Prandtl nanofluid with gyrotactic motile microorganisms with bio-fuel applications

Due to the importance of bio-convection in biotechnology and various biological systems, scientists have made significant contributions in the current decade. This study intends to elaborate the investigation of the bio-convection flow in MHD Prandlt nanofluid with gyrotactic motile microorganism. Owing to engineering and industrial applications, the augmentation of dynamism by the insertion of nanoparticles is a prominent issue in the twenty-first period. The Arrhenius law and activation energy are also considered. The boundary layer approximations developed the governing flow equations such as momentum, energy, concentration and microorganisms equations. The non-linear coupled PDEs are converted to non-linear ODES with the help of similarity transformations. A couple of transmuted equations with modified boundary conditions are elucidated with the employ of the BVP4C via Matlab software. The behavior of different parameters on fluid motion, energy equation, concentration, and motile microorganisms are also discussed through graphical illustrations. It is analyzed that the heat transfer is improved by magnetic field while velocity field is diclines. Concentration and density performance improvises on thermophoretic and Brownian motion impact. Microorganisms field is decline with increasing the Peclet number and bioconvection Lewis number.

Experimental Investigation on Cross-Impingement Characteristics Under Various Biodiesel-Butanol Blended Proportions and Ambient Conditions

Abstract The cross-impingement phenomenon always appears in several diesel engines with two or more injectors. Meanwhile, the application of biofuels has a great potential in realizing clean and efficient combustion. Therefore, the investigation aims to explore the cross-impingement characteristics at small (10%), middle (30%), and large (50%) biodiesel-butanol blended proportions. Experiments are conducted in a constant-volume combustion chamber with twin injectors. Spray images are captured by optical diagnosis techniques. Several macroscopic parameters are obtained, including diffusion length, collision width, and spray area. Results show that the cross-impingement accelerates the droplet interaction, and the spray presents a “fan-shaped” behavior after the collision, which promotes a more uniform mixing between the fuel and ambient gas. As the twin sprays collide at 120 deg, the vapor-phase vertical diffusion rate is close to the vertical component of the single spray, and the horizontal diffusion rate is about 1.2 times the vertical diffusion rate. The cross-impingement is likely to decrease the spray-wall impingement owing to a change in the diffusion direction. At various blended fuels, the biodiesel blended with 30% n-butanol displays the smallest liquid-phase diffusion length, width, and area. The further increase in the n-butanol mixing ratio leads to larger liquid-phase parameters. Contrary to the biodiesel blended with 10% n-butanol, the biodiesel blended with a higher proportion of n-butanol presents faster vapor-phase diffusion, which promotes fuel-gas mixing.

Section I - Bioprospecting microalgae: Availability, suitability and potentiality for biofuel applications

Section I - Bioprospecting microalgae: Availability, suitability and potentiality for biofuel applications

Sustainable production of photosynthetic isobutanol and 3-methyl-1-butanol in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803

BackgroundCyanobacteria are emerging as green cell factories for sustainable biofuel and chemical production, due to their photosynthetic ability to use solar energy, carbon dioxide and water in a direct process. The model cyanobacterial strain Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 has been engineered for the isobutanol and 3-methyl-1-butanol production by introducing a synthetic 2-keto acid pathway. However, the achieved productions still remained low. In the present study, diverse metabolic engineering strategies were implemented in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 for further enhanced photosynthetic isobutanol and 3-methyl-1-butanol production.ResultsLong-term cultivation was performed on two selected strains resulting in maximum cumulative isobutanol and 3-methyl-1-butanol titers of 1247 mg L−1 and 389 mg L−1, on day 58 and day 48, respectively. Novel Synechocystis strain integrated with a native 2-keto acid pathway was generated and showed a production of 98 mg isobutanol L−1 in short-term screening experiments. Enhanced isobutanol and 3-methyl-1-butanol production was observed when increasing the kivdS286T copy number from three to four. Isobutanol and 3-methyl-1-butanol production was effectively improved when overexpressing selected genes of the central carbon metabolism. Identified genes are potential metabolic engineering targets to further enhance productivity of pyruvate-derived bioproducts in cyanobacteria.ConclusionsEnhanced isobutanol and 3-methyl-1-butanol production was successfully achieved in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 strains through diverse metabolic engineering strategies. The maximum cumulative isobutanol and 3-methyl-1-butanol titers, 1247 mg L−1 and 389 mg L−1, respectively, represent the current highest value reported. The significantly enhanced isobutanol and 3-methyl-1-butanol production in this study further pave the way for an industrial application of photosynthetic cyanobacteria-based biofuel and chemical synthesis from CO2.

Microbial glucoamylases: structural and functional properties and biotechnological uses.

Glucoamylases (GAs) are one of the principal groups of enzymes involved in starch hydrolysis and belong to the glycosylhydrolase family. They are classified as exo-amylases due to their ability to hydrolyze α-1,4 glycosidic bonds from the non-reducing end of starch, maltooligosaccharides, and related substrates, releasing β-D-glucose. Structurally, GAs possess a characteristic catalytic domain (CD) with an (α/α)6 foldand exhibit five conserved regions within this domain. The CD may or may not be linked to a non-catalytic domain with variable functions depending on its origin. GAs are versatile enzymes with diverse applications in food, biofuel, bioplastic and other chemical industries. Although fungal GAs are commonly employed for these purposes, they have limitations such as their low thermostability and an acidic pH requirement. Alternatively, GAs derived from prokaryotic organisms are a good option to save costs as they exhibit greater thermostability compared to fungal GAs. Moreover, a group of cold-adapted GAs from psychrophilic organisms demonstrates intriguing properties that make them suitable for application in various industries. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the structural and sequential properties as well as biotechnological applications of GAs in different industrial processes.

Development of sustainable biomass residues for biofuels applications

A comprehensive understanding of physiochemical properties, thermal degradation behavior and chemical composition is significant for biomass residues before their thermochemical conversion for energy production. In this investigation, teff straw (TS), coffee husk (CH), corn cob (CC), and sweet sorghum stalk (SSS) residues were characterized to assess their potential applications as value-added bioenergy and chemical products. The thermal degradation behavior of CC, CH, TS and SSS samples is calculated using four different heating rates. The activation energy values ranged from 81.919 to 262.238 and 85.737–212.349 kJ mol−1 and were generated by the KAS and FWO models and aided in understanding the biomass conversion process into bio-products. The cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin contents of CC, CH, TS, and SSS were found to be in the ranges of 31.56–41.15%, 23.9–32.02%, and 19.85–25.07%, respectively. The calorific values of the residues ranged from 17.3 to 19.7 MJ/kg, comparable to crude biomass. Scanning electron micrographs revealed agglomerated, irregular, and rough textures, with parallel lines providing nutrient and water transport pathways in all biomass samples. Energy Dispersive X-ray spectra and X-ray diffraction analysis indicated the presence of high carbonaceous material and crystalline nature. FTIR analysis identified prominent band peaks at specific wave numbers. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that these residues hold potential as energy sources for various applications, such as the textile, plastics, paints, automobile, and food additive industries.

Comparative Surface Study of Ru/Cu- and Ag/Cu-Doped RHS Catalysts from Waste Biomass for Biofuel Application.

The present study compares the surface, textural, and catalytic properties of porous silica doped with bimetallic metal ions that was made from rice husk (RH) biomass. Due to the use of a surfactant during the synthesis process, porous RH-silica (RHS) was derived. In situ doping of silver/copper and ruthenium/copper has been achieved via the xerogel and hydrogel formation methods. The prepared catalysts have been analyzed by various methods, such as surface area and narrow pore size distribution, to confirm their porosity. Powder X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared, and electron microscopy examination were further performed for physicochemical characterization of the synthesized materials. Transmission electron microscopy images showed that ruthenium and copper ions were incorporated perfectly, forming a hexagonal mesoporous (MCM-41) texture due to hydrogel formation and the method of preparation. Copper oxide nanoparticles with silver incorporation in RHS form cube-shaped particles for CuO formation on the surface of the silica matrix instead due to the method of preparation. In this case, ruthenium/copper-doped porous silica forms hexagon-shaped particles of RuO formation in the mesoporous matrix. Finally, the acetylation of glycerol using acetic acid on as-prepared catalysts has been studied. The catalytic activity increases with an increase in temperature and optimization of the molar ratio of glycerol and acetic acid. Increases in temperature result in higher selectivity toward triacetin formation instead of the conventional formation of monoacetin. Hence, we compared the surface physicochemical properties, catalytic conversion, and selectivity nature of bimetallic metal (Ru/Cu and Ag/Cu) ions incorporated in RHS prepared by different synthetic routes.

Unexplored Potential: Metabolite Screening of Local Lake Algae Isolated from Al-Asfar Lake in Saudi Arabia

In this study, we aimed to explore the commercial potential of various microalgae variants found in Al-Asfar Lake, Saudi Arabia, which have not been extensively investigated previously. We conducted a comprehensive analysis of the metabolic profiles of algae isolated from Al-Asfar Lake. The isolated algae were subjected to molecular analysis using specific primers for the Chlorophyceae class to confirm their identity. Subsequently, we compared the concentration of metabolites in the locally isolated Chlorella vulgaris from Al-Asfar Lake with five commercially available algae (Tetraselmis, Nannochloropsis, Chlorella vulgaris, Spirulina, and Isochrysis). To perform the metabolomics analysis, we employed untargeted ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) coupled with mass spectrometry (MS) analysis, which yielded a total of 168 metabolites from the microalgae samples. The data were further analyzed using MetaboAnalyst. The results revealed two distinct clusters of microalgae: the first cluster comprised Chlorella vulgaris and the microalgae isolated from the lake, while the second cluster consisted of two sub-clusters, with Isochrysis grouped with Tetraselmis, and Nannochloropsis clustered with Spirulina. Notably, the metabolites of Al-Asfar Lake algae showed a remarkable similarity to Chlorella vulgaris. These findings have significant implications for the environmental aspect of Al-Asfar Lake, shedding light on critical insights into the metabolites and commercial potential of the lake’s microalgae. The valuable insights gained from this research can be utilized to investigate the impact of nutrient abundance on the lake’s biodiversity, enhance microalgal biomass production for biofuel applications, and explore the reuse of lake water in agriculture and environmental restoration projects. Overall, our study provides important groundwork for understanding the potential of Al-Asfar Lake microalgae and their application in various industries, contributing to the sustainable development and environmental health of the region.

Deciphering Microalgal Diversity of Peculiar Lentic Ecosystem in Chennai, South India: A Way Towards Sustainability.

Microalgae are quickly gaining attention among the researchers in various aspects such as biofuel applications, biogas, biomass production, waste water treatment, carbon fixation, animal feed ingredients, pigment production, and pharmaceutical products. One of the approaches to choose microalgae for biotechnological applications is to investigate their diversity and abundance in all possible wet environments. Samples were collected from three sampling sites for the period of 1year (October 2021-September 2022) in Vadapalani temple tank at Chennai. Physicochemical parameters in current investigation were estimated according to APHA, 2017. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of phytoplankton were done throughout the study period. One-way ANOVA (Analyses of Variance) and Karl Pearson's correlation coefficient were estimated using SPSS (V.26.0). A total of 11 diversity indices were estimated using PAST (V 4.0). A total of 52 algal species were identified, prevailed over by Chlorophyceae (15 species), followed by Zygnematophyceae, Bacillariophyceae, Cyanophyceae, and Trebouxiophyceae. Chlorophyceae quantitatively structured the major category. The maximum and minimum values of density were observed during the season of summer (287 Cells/L) and monsoon (80 Cells/L), respectively. Chlorophyceae showed dominance with a density of 168 cells/L. The maximum and minimum densities of Chlorophyceae were recorded in the summer season (55 cells/L) and monsoon season (24 cells/L), respectively. Shannon's index (H') attained its zenith in February and April month of 2022 (3.60). This study further ignites the researchers to phycoprospect various temple water to address the nature of microalgae occurrence and for biotechnological purposes.