Biochemical Parameters Of Blood Serum Research Articles

Effects of Shiitake mushroom (Lentinus edodes) supplementation into quail diets on performance, blood serum parameters and intestine microbial populations

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of shiitake mushroom (Lentinus edodes) (SM) supplementations into quail diets on live weight (LW), live weight gain (LWG), feed consumption (FC), feed conversion ratio (FCR), blood serum biochemical parameters (total cholesterol, total protein, triglyceride, glucose) and intestine bacteria populations. A total of 120 Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix Japonica) were used in present experiments. Quail were separated into 4 groups (control and 3 treatment groups). Control group was fed with a basic ration and treatments groups were fed with 0.5, 1 and 2% shiitake mushroom-supplemented diets. Shiitake mushroom supplementations significantly influenced live weights (P<0.05). Differences in live weight gains, feed consumptions, feed conversion ratios, blood serum parameters and intestine bacteria populations of the treatment groups were not found to be significant (P>0.05). SM supplementations influenced live weight gains and feed conversion ratios in the 4th week of the experiments (P>0.05). SM supplementations also influenced blood serum glucose levels (P<0.05).

Benefits of sea buckthorn juice consumption in women of productive age with hypercholesterolemia.

Sea buckthorn contains almost 200 nutrients and bioactive substances, including phenolic compounds such as flavonoids, vitamins, proteins, amino acids, minerals, alkaloids, chlorophyll derivatives, amines, organic acids, fatty acids and phytosterols. Human and animal studies suggest that sea buckthorn may have a variety of beneficial effects: cardioprotective, antiatherogenic, antioxidant, anticancer, immunomodulatory, antibacterial, antiviral and antiinflammatory. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of regular consumption of 100% sea buckthorn juice on the risk factors of cardiovascular diseases in women of productive age with hypercholesterolemia. A clinical study involved 19 women with a mean age of 54.06 ±2.97 years who consumed 50 mL of sea buckthorn juice daily for 8 weeks. Anthropometric and biochemical parameters in blood serum were monitored before the start of sea buckthorn consumption and after 8 weeks of consumption. Body composition was determined using an multifrequency analyzer InBody720. Routine biochemical analyzes were performed by standard methods in an accredited laboratory of the University Hospital by automatic biochemical analyzer BioMajesty JCA-BM6010/C. Statistical comparison between individual measurements was performed using a paired t-test, using Statistica Cz version 10 (TIBCO Software, Inc., Palo Alto, CA, USA). We observed significant decrease of body weight, body mass index (P<0.05), body fat and visceral fat (P<0.001) after 8 weeks of consumption of 100% sea buckthorn juice. In this intervention study, we observed a significant decrease in low-density cholesterol (P˂0.05) and a significant increase in high-density cholesterol (P˂0.001). The level of triglycerides was similar at the end of the study (P>0.05). After the intervention, we observed decrease of orosomucoid, immunoglobulin A, immunoglobulin G, immunoglobulin M (P<0.001) and C-reactive protein (P<0.01). The obtained results support the hypothesis that the daily consumption of sea buckthorn juice for eight weeks could contribute to the beneficial effects of reducing the risk of cardiovascular diseases, such as the reduction of body and visceral fat, LDL-C, CRP and the increase of HDL-C.

A clinical case of the use of a combination of cimicoxib and cyclophosphamide in metronomic mode in neoadjuvant therapy of complex breast carcinoma of a dog

The results of the use of a combination of cimicoxib and cyclophosphamide, in metronomic mode, in neoadjuvant therapy of complex breast carcinoma in dogs are presented. This treatment regimen allowed to achieve stabilization of the process, the volume of the tumor decreased by 60.77% of the indicators of the first day. The regression was 39.23%. According to the results of hematological blood examination, by the 90th day of therapy, the number of leukocytes decreased by 75.96%, lymphocytes by 79.67% and granulocytes by 75.64%, to reference values. The number of red blood cells and the level of hemoglobin increased by 49.57% and 53.98%, respectively. There was an increase in the amount of hematocrit by 52.35% compared to the values of the first day before therapy. Biochemical parameters of blood serum by the end of drug therapy were within the reference values. There were no signs of hematological and general toxicity, according to the WHO scale, requiring corrective therapy, dose reduction or withdrawal of drugs.

Effects of ultrasound-induced stress on gut microbiota of mice.

Prolonged stress causes deleterious effects on both the organism and its microbiota. In this study, we examined the effects of exposure to variable frequency ultrasound (US) on the gut microbiota-liver-brain axis of mice. This study was conducted on 20 mature clinically healthy sexually naive C57BL/6J male mice (42-45 days old). Group 1 (Normal) consisted of healthy intact mice (n = 10). Group 2 (Stress) consisted of mice subjected to US-induced stress (n = 10) for 20 days with alternating frequencies (20-45 kHz). Stool samples were collected on days 0, 10, and 20, and the corresponding DNA was later subjected to 16SrRNA sequencing. After mice were sacrificed on day 21, the leukocyte count, blood serum biochemical parameters, and liver and brain antioxidant status were measured. Behavioral testing was performed on days 17, 18, and 19. Ultrasound lead to higher stress and anxiety levels; increase in creatinine by 8.29% and gamma-glutamyltransferase activity by 5 times, a decrease in alkaline phosphatase activity by 38.23%, increase of de Ritis coefficient by 21.34%; increased liver and brain superoxide dismutase level by 20.8% and 21.5%, respectively; the stress-related changes in the gut microbiota composition - Bacteroidaceae and Firmicutes. Subjecting mice to 20 days of US-induced stress leads to systemic disorders due to oxidative stress and a decrease in the diversity of the gut microbiota.

Анализ биохимических показателей сыворотки крови у больных с ревизионным эндопротезированием тазобедренного сустава и нарушением углеводного обмена

INTRODUCTION: Along with increase in the number of hip arthroplasty surgeries, the number of complications after them also increases. Laboratory diagnostics, being a unified method for determining the risks of complications and relapses, indicates the need for a comparative analysis of standard laboratory parameters in patients with carbohydrate metabolism disorders (CMD) before revision arthroplasty. AIM: To evaluate changes in the biochemical parameters of blood serum of patients with impaired carbohydrate metabolism before revision arthroplasty. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The data of anamnesis, morphometry and main blood parameters of patients who underwent treatment for osteoarticular pathology and purulent osteology in inpatient facility from 2011 to 2019 were processed and analyzed. The first group included 115 patients (33% of the total amount of examined patients) with revision hip arthroplasty having no disorders in carbohydrate metabolism in history. The second group included 103 patients (30%) who underwent revision hip arthroplasty and had diabetes mellitus, impaired glucose tolerance, and early forms of carbohydrate metabolism disorders as comorbidities. The third group included 73 patients (21%) with periprosthetic infection of the hip joint without history of carbohydrate metabolism disorders. The fourth group included 56 patients (16%) with periprosthetic infection, with disorders of carbohydrate metabolism. RESULTS: The results obtained in the study groups were intercompared and compared with the reference intervals established by the reagent manufacturers for each study method. In the studies, no statistically significant differences were found in the biochemical parameters of blood of patients with aseptic revision arthroplasty, depending on the existing disorders of carbohydrate metabolism. When comparing biochemical parameters of blood of patients with periprosthetic infection, statistically significant differences depending on the presence of CMD, were found in three parameters. Patients with disorders of carbohydrate metabolism had higher blood levels of glucose, creatinine and urea, which, however, remained within the normal range. Two biochemical parameters of the blood of patients of all four groups were beyond the standard limits — C-reactive protein and albumin-globulin ratio. In patients with endoprosthesis instability, bilirubin, creatinine, and albumin values changed depending on the presence of an infectious process in the joint, and creatinine and urea, depending on carbohydrate metabolism disorders. CONCLUSIONS: Depending on the presence of an infectious process or disorders of carbohydrate metabolism, these parameters require closer attention in the preoperative period in patients with endoprosthesis instability. Patients with periprosthetic infection of the hip joint with carbohydrate metabolism disorders require laboratory monitoring of kidney function, protein fractions, and C-reactive protein even with normal results of biochemical blood tests.

Вариабельность биохимических показателей крови и установление референтных интервалов в доклинических исследованиях. Сообщение 8: сирийские хомячки

Biochemical parameters of blood serum are important parameters for assessing the health of laboratory animals. The Syrian Hamster is a widely used test system in animal experiments. They have unique anatomical and physiological features, such as optimal body size, large cheek sac, high reproduction rate and short life cycle, which together makes hamsters a convenient test system used in preclinical studies. This type of animal is used not only in the study of toxicological properties and assessment of pharmacological safety, but is also involved in various pharmacodynamic studies as a model organism for studying a wide range of pathological conditions associated with the immune response, respiratory system, carcinogenesis, metabolic disorders. During the study, reference intervals of the main biochemical parameters of the blood of Syrian hamsters were established. This procedure is necessary for an adequate understanding of the condition of animals in the experiment, assessment of the toxicity and safety of new pharmacological substances, control of the formation of model pathologies and evaluation of the effectiveness of pharmacological agents. The values used for the formation of reference intervals were obtained from intact animals for the time period June–December 2022 in Research and manufacturing company “Home оf Pharmacy”. The study included biological samples of 30 males and 30 females of Syrian hamsters. The age of the animals corresponded to the range of 6–8 weeks, the body weight of males and females was in the range of 100–115 grams. The study was carried out in compliance with the principles of the European Convention for the Protection of Vertebrates Used for Experiments and Other Scientific Purposes and in accordance with the rules of good laboratory practice. The determination of the biochemical parameters of interest was carried out under the same conditions using generally accepted preanalytical and analytical methods. Blood sampling from animals was performed using a cardiac puncture. The following parameters were registered in animal serum: creatinine, urea, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, cholesterol, triglycerides, total protein, albumin, globulins, albumin/globulin ratio, glucose, total bilirubin. The obtained reference ranges of biochemical parameters were generally similar to the published data. Differences were found in urea, alkaline phosphatase, alanineaminotransferase, aspartateaminotransferase and glucose — the values were higher than the literature data. For an adequate interpretation of the experimental values obtained, an important aspect in preclinical studies is the establishment of intralaboratory reference intervals for the biochemical blood values of healthy animals in each research laboratory. This is due to the preanalytical and analytical characteristics of the analysis, the breed of animals and the conditions in which they are housed.

Морфобиохимический профиль крови при терапии ингибиторами ЦОГ-2 и циклофосфамидом

Abstract. In modern veterinary medicine, in the last decade, significant achievements have been noted in the treatment of malignant tumors in dogs, but nevertheless the number of oncologically ill animals is quite widespread, and tends to increase further. The use of only traditional methods for the treatment of oncological pathologies (radiation and chemotherapy, surgical) does not have a positive effect, and accordingly does not solve the problem as a whole. The scientific novelty lies in the study of the effect of selective COX-2 inhibitors in combination with cyclophosphamide on the morphobiochemical parameters of the blood of dogs with malignant neoplasms of the breast. The purpose of our work was to study the dynamics of morphobiochemical blood parameters during multimodal conservative therapy of breast cancer recurrence in dogs with selective COX-2 inhibitors (firocoxib, cimicoxib) and cyclophosphamide. Research methods. Clinical observations and studies were carried out in the veterinary clinic of the Center for Animal Beauty and Health “Zoostyle” in Volgograd. The object of the study was 6 female dogs of various breeds aged 10-14 years, with a morphologically confirmed diagnosis of recurrent breast adenocarcinoma. At the same time, an automatic hematological analyzer “Mindray BC-2800 Vet” and a semi-automatic biochemical analyzer “BioChem SA” were used. Stained blood smears were examined under a microscope “MIKMED-5”. Results. The results of the studies show that morphobiochemical blood parameters varied in both groups by the 90th day of therapy. The results obtained convincingly show that the use of a combination of selective COX-2 inhibitors and cyclophosphamide, in clinically significant doses, induced an increase in individual biochemical parameters of blood serum, without symptomatic manifestations. In the firocoxib group, creatinine and urea levels exceeded the reference values by 39.5 and 67.7 %, respectively. Thus, the combination of drugs in the first group demonstrates an increased risk of use in animals with renal insufficiency.

Effect of the probiotic feed additive “Immunobacterin-D” on the productivity of black speckled cows during lactation

In Ukraine, as in every country in the world, an important task is to develop an effective development strategy for producing natural dairy products through probiotics. Feeding PFA to animals shows different effectiveness depending on their age, the intestinal microbiome's characteristics, the feed diet's composition and production technology. The purpose of the study was to identify the most effective period of application of PFA “Immunobacterin-D" and to select a yeast culture to increase the milk productivity of cows. The effectiveness of PFA was evaluated by the amount of milk produced, and its quality – by using an Ecomilk ultrasound analyser. The health status of cows was monitored based on the results of a spectrophotometric study of biochemical parameters of blood serum on a LabLine-010 biochemical analyser (Austria). As a result, it was determined that the optimal period of application of PFA is 30-60 days after calving. On the 13th day of PFA feeding, milk yields in cows of the experimental group increased by 1.2-2.5 L/day. The difference in the amount of milk produced between the animals of the experimental and control groups was 0.7-1.9 L/day. From 70 days after calving, the use of PFA in cows did not cause changes in the volume of milk yield but contributed to an increase in its fat content. By feeding cows of the experimental strain for 21 days S. cerevisiae as part of the PFA, the maximum increase in milk yield was obtained – by 2.13 L, and milk fat – by 0.45%. Whereas the use of PFA with a conventional strain S. cerevisiae AF 338 contributed to an increase in milk yield by 1.73 L, and in the control group of cows only by 1.30 L. According to the results of biochemical studies of blood serum, the positive effect of PFA “Immunobacterin-D” on the health status of cows was proved. PFA can be recommended for feeding cows in production, which will help increase milk yield and improve their health

Effect of the Manufactured Bacterial Preparation on Some Cellular and Biochemical Blood Characteristics of Laying Hens

This experiment was conducted in the field of laying hens affiliated with the Department of Animal Production at the College of Agriculture at Basrah University during the period from 27/12/2021 to 21/2/2021. It was applied to 90 experimental units (a 45-week-old laying hens) of Lohmann Extra, randomly allocated to five treatments. Each treatment has three replicates, with six chickens per replicate. The treatments included: - T1: Negative control treatment (basal diet without Addition) T2: Positive control treatment, the addition of dried skim milk at a level of 1 g / kg of feed. T3, T4, T5: add the manufactured bacterial preparation at a level of (0.5, 1, and 2( g/kg feed, respectively. To study the effect of manufactured bacterial preparation on some cellular and biochemical blood characteristics of laying hens. There was a significant (P≤0.05) improvement in cellular blood parameters, packed cell volume (PCV) and biochemical parameters of blood serum (cholesterol, total protein, albumin, globulin) in laying hens, and there were no significant differences in the ratio of heterophile cells to lymphocytes(H/L), glucose, and liver enzymes Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT).

Factors Influencing Household Food Security among Smallholder Farmers: The Case of the Jordan Valley

Food security is a main challenge for the countries of the world, especially the developing countries. Hence, the aim of this paper is to determine factors that are associated with food security in the Jordan valley. This study utilizes the household questionnaire survey dataset of 211 smallholder farmers in 2020. To measure food security, the study employs two food security indicators, namely the Household dietary diversity score (HDDS) and Household food insecurity access score (HFIAS). Two Multiple Regression Models are estimated with the dependent variables (HDDS) and (HFIAS). Both the (HDDS) and (HFIAS)models findings reveal that the education level of household head, the marital status of household head, the farming experience of household head, farm size, off- farm income, and access to credit influences the household food security. Therefore, the study recommends that government establish and promotion of small-scale agro-based industries, providing the training services and retraining of farmers, and farmer education, as well as expanding the agricultural unit distribution program.

Investigation of the biological activity of the water-soluble C&lt;sub&gt;60&lt;/sub&gt;/poly-&lt;i&gt;N&lt;/i&gt;-vinylpyrrolidone complex

Objectives. The study aimed to investigate the biological activity of the C60/poly-N-vinylpyrrolidone (C60/PVP) complex representing a water-soluble fullerene derivative. In vitro and in vivo techniques were used to analyze the effect of the C60/PVP complex on the activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and evaluate changes in the biochemical parameters of blood serum when per os administered to mice.Methods. In order to determine the activity of a commercial LDH preparation and study the kinetics of this process, the standard Warburg photometric method was used. To assess the effect of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and the C60/PVP complex on some biochemical parameters in vivo, a study was conducted on two-month-old male white mongrel mice weighing 20 ± 3 g. Determination of biochemical parameters of blood serum was carried out using a semi-automatic biochemical analyzer according to standard methods.Results. The effect of the C60/PVP complex on LDH activity was studied along with changes in the biochemical parameters of mouse blood serum characterizing carbohydrate metabolism. As well as increasing the glucose and pyruvic acid content, the C60/PVP complex was found to reduce lactate content and LDH activity in blood serum along with in vitro LDH activity according to the type of mixed inhibition.Conclusions. The C60/PVP complex and PVP were shown to exhibit biological activity in vitro and in vivo. The C60/PVP complex, representing a mixed-type LDH inhibitor, was shown to inhibit LDH activity, as well as contributing to a decrease in lactate concentration and an increase in the concentration of pyruvic acid and glucose in blood serum when administered per os to mice. The inhibitory effect of PVP on LDH activity was revealed in both in vivo and in vitro investigations. In vivo, PVP contributes to a decrease in the concentration of lactate in the blood. The less pronounced effect of the C60/PVP complex as compared to PVP alone may be due to the fact that C60 molecules are “hidden” in cavities formed in PVP molecules.

Evaluation of acute, subacute toxicity and in vivo impact of aqueous decoction of Flemingia faginea Guill. &amp; Perr. (Barker) leafy stems on NMRI mice and normotensive Wistar rats

Introduction: Flemingia faginea, a Fabaceae family medicinal plant, has been used for a long time in Burkina Faso for the treatment of hypertension and excess salt. However, the safety of the preparations derived from this plant has not yet been scientifically documented. This study aimed to evaluate the acute and subacute oral toxicity of the leafy stems aqueous decoction of F. faginea (FAD) in healthy normotensive mice and rats and the impact on their normal blood pressure. Material and Methods: The acute oral toxicity study was conducted according to the toxicity class method of the Economic Cooperation and Development Organization (OECD) guideline 423. Subacute toxicity was carried out according to the OECD Guideline 407 for repeated dose chemical toxicity for 28 days. Hematological and biochemical analyzes of blood were performed after autopsy. An evaluation of the impact of the extract on the blood pressure of rats was performed using the non-invasive method. Results: A single oral dose of 2000 mg/kg bw to mice did not cause mortality or clinical signs or symptoms of toxicity during the 14-day study. The FAD was classified in the fifth category of the Harmonized System of Classification of the United Nations and considered practically safe with an estimated 50% lethal dose of 5000 mg/kg bw. Daily gavage of male and female rats with doses of 100,500 and 1000 mg/kg did not result in mortality or significant adverse effects during the 28days of experimentation. There were no significant differences in body weight gain, food &amp;water consumption or relative vital organ weights in treated animals. Analysis of the hematological and biochemical parameters of blood serum did not show significant differences between treated and control animals in this study. Additionally, no aberrant changes were found in the systolic and diastolic blood pressures of the test animals during the 28 days of inclusion compared to those of the control group. Conclusion: The extract FAD could be considered safe within the doses tested for the results of the toxicological evaluation. However, microscopic, histopathological, and subchronic investigations will have to be carried out to confirm the safety of this extract use.

STUDY OF THE HEPATOPROTECTIVE ACTIVITY OF EXTRACTS OF GENTIANA ASСLEPIADEA IN THE ACUTE TETRACHLOROMETHANE HEPATITIS MODEL

Nowadays, diseases of the hepatobiliary system occupy a special place among diseases of internal organs and systems. At present, the most commonly used hepatoprotectors are herbal remedies. Due to the content of flavonoids, polyphenols, trace elements and other groups of biologically active substances, herbal preparations have antioxidant, antiviral, membrane-stabilizing and choleretic effects. Species of the genus Gentiana, whose underground and above-ground parts contain biologically active substances of various chemical structures, are promising for research.&#x0D; The aim: to study the hepatoprotective activity of Gentiana аsсlepiadea root extracts on the model of acute tetrachloromethane hepatitis.&#x0D; Materials and methods. Hepatoprotective activity was studied on the model of acute tetrachloromethane hepatitis. Experiments were performed on 36 white non-linear sexually mature rats weighing 170-240 g. Animals are divided into 6 groups: 1st group – intact animals; 2nd group – control pathology; groups 3-5 - animals treated with thick and liquid extracts of Gentiana аsсlepiadea; 6th group - animals that received the comparative drug Silymarin. The effectiveness of the hepatoprotective action of the studied extracts was determined by the survival rate of animals, the Liver Mass Coefficient, biochemical parameters of blood serum and liver homogenate.&#x0D; Research results. The results of biochemical studies show that a single injection of tetrachloromethane was accompanied by the development of acute toxic damage to the liver in a group of animals with a control pathology, as evidenced by a 3.5 times increase in the activity of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in blood serum, a 2.45 times increase in the activity of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and 1.6 times increase in the activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), the level of TBK-reactants in blood serum and liver homogenate - 1.8 and 2.5 times, respectively, compared to the indicators of the group of intact animals. The use of extracts of the roots of Gentiana asslepiadea and the comparative drug Silymarin in experimental hepatitis was accompanied by a noticeable decrease in pathological manifestations and led to a significant decrease in the studied parameters relative to the values in animals with control pathology. The most pronounced hepatoprotective activity was established when using thick and liquid extracts of the roots of Gentiana asslepiadea at a dose of 25 mg/kg of animal body weight, as evidenced by a decrease in the activity of the studied enzymes in the blood serum of the experimental animals: by 2.42 and 2.08 times of ALT, by 2.05 and 1.92 times of AST, by 1.44 and 1.37 times of ALP, the level of TBC-reactants in blood serum by 1.75 and 1.58 times, and in the liver homogenate by 1.90 and 1.78 times, respectively. Silymarin had a slightly lower effect on the development of cytolysis syndrome, reducing the activity of ALT by 1.92 times, AST by 1.81 times, ALP by 1.32 times, the level of TBC-reactants in serum and liver homogenate by 1.52 and 1.68 times. The use of Gentiana asslepiadea root extract at a dose of 50 mg/kg of animal body weight did not lead to an increase in hepatoprotective activity.&#x0D; Conclusions. In the conditions of acute toxic hepatitis, which is caused by carbon tetrachloride, Gentiana asslepiadea root extracts show a pronounced hepatoprotective activity, which was higher in comparison with the drug Silymarin.

BIOCHEMICAL INDEXES OF BLOOD SERUM AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP WITH SOME SIGNS OF GROWTH OF BULL-CALFS OF GRAY UKRAINIAN AND UKRAINIAN MEAT BREEDS IN THE POSTNATAL DEVELOPMENT PERIOD

Goal. The paper presents the results of the study of indicators of individual development of gray Ukrainian and Ukrainian beef cattle, biochemical indicators of blood serum, and also calculated the level of correlations between traits. Methods. The research was conducted at the State Enterprise "Experimental Farm "Polyvanivka", the Animal Husbandry Laboratory of the State Establishment "Institute of Grain Crops NAAS" and the testing center of the Institute of Animal Science NAAS (Kharkov) using generally accepted zootechnical, statistical, biochemical and laboratory research methods. Results. Research has established that the biochemical parameters of blood serum in Ukrainian gray and Ukrainian beef cattle correspond to the physiological norm of clinically healthy animals. It was determined that the minimum requirements of the elite class prevailed by +1.45 - + 0.6 1 % according to the live weight indexes of Ukrainian gray and Ukrainian beef cattle at the age of 12 months; at the age of 6 months, this index ranges from -2.09 (Ukrainian gray bull-calfs) to +2.61 % (Ukrainian meat bull-calfs). The average daily gain in live weight of animals of the studied breeds during the growing period from birth to 6 months of age and from birth to 12 months of age varies from 830.1 to 1052.4 g. Coefficients of phenotypic consolidation of bull-calfs of gray Ukrainian and Ukrainian beef cattle vary from +0.241 (K1, live weight of bull-calfs Ukrainian beef cattle at birth) to +0.794 (K2, live weight of bull-calfs gray Ukrainian beef cattle at 6 months of age). The pairwise correlation coefficient between serum biochemical parameters and live weight of bull-calfs of gray Ukrainian and Ukrainian beef cattle varies from -0.600+0.2830 to + 0.635+0.25765. This indicates the possibility of using total protein content, activity of aspartate aminotransferase (AsAT), alanine aminotransferase (AlAT) and alkaline phosphatase for early prediction of live weight of animals of the studied breeds. Conclusions. Young cattle of Ukrainian meat and gray Ukrainian breeds are characterized by sufficiently high growth rates and their phenotypic consolidation. The presence of reliable correlation coefficients between indexes of individual development and interior indicates the possibility of their use for early prediction of live weight and average daily growth. Key words: cattle, bull-calfs, breed, biochemical parameters of blood serum, live weight, average daily live weight gain, variability, correlation

ACTIVITY OF SERUM ENZYMES OF YOUNG PIGS OF DIFFERENT GENOTYPES BY MELANOCORTIN RECEPTOR GENE (MC4R) AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP WITH FATTENING AND MEAT QUALITIES

The article is devoted to studying the activity of serum enzymes, fattening, and meat qualities of young pigs of different genotypes by the melanocortin receptor gene MC4R, calculating the level of correlation between traits, and economic efficiency of research results. The experimental part of the research was carried out in the agricultural formations of the Dnipropetrovsk region, the Research Center for Biosafety and Environmental Control of Agricultural Resources of the Dnipro State Agrarian and Economic University, the Genetics Laboratory of the Institute of Pig Breeding and Agricultural Production of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine and the Laboratory of Animal Husbandry of the State Institution “Institute of Grain Crops of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences”. The work was carried out by the research program of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine No. 30, ” Innovative Technologies of Breeding, Industrial and Organic Production of Pig Products,” task “To develop a local system of selection and hybridization of pigs using modern genetic methods (DNA markers)”. Laboratory studies and the results of control fattening indicate that the biochemical parameters of blood serum (activity of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase) of young pigs of large white breed of the controlled population correspond to the physiological norm of clinically healthy animals, and according to the leading indicators of fattening and meat qualities (age of reaching body weight of 100 kg, days; fat thickness at the level of 6-7 thoracic vertebrae, mm; length of chilled carcass, cm) belongs to class I and class elite. Analysis of the data of control fattening and slaughter shows that young pigs of the second experimental group (MC4RAG) are superior to their peers of I (MC4RAA) in terms of average daily weight gain, age of body weight100 кг, fat thickness at the level of 6-7 thoracic vertebrae and length of chilled carcass by an average of 4.58%. Several significant associations between interior parameters (aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity, units/l; alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activity, unit/l), fattening and meat qualities of young pigs of the controlled population is 28.57 %. This indicates the possibility of using interior indicators for early prediction of fattening and meat qualities of young pigs. The maximum increase in additional production was obtained from young pigs of the second experimental group (MC4RAG) – +3.24 %, and its cost, which was obtained from the sale of one head of young pigs of the specified genotype is equal to +261.56 UAH or +6.62 USD.

Влияние кормовой добавки на основе растительных экстрактов на гематологические показатели и структурное оформление скелетной мускулатуры цыплят-бройлеров

The materials of studies of the effect of the phytobiotic biostimulator «Aferr» (production of SIBAF LLC, Novosibirsk) in the composition of diets on the micromorphological organization of muscle tissue and hematological parameters of broiler chickens of the «Cobb-500» cross are presented. The issues related to changes in biochemical parameters of blood serum and histological structure of muscle fibers of the superficial pectoral muscle of birds reared for 42 days are considered The feed additive used to a certain extent affects the micromorphometric parameters of the skeletal muscles of the studied birds, depending on the dosage used. According to most of the studied parameters characterizing the structure of muscle tissue, such as the thickness (diameter) of muscle fibers, their bundles, perimysium, endomysium, the experimental group receiving a lower dosage was ahead of the control group and the group receiving a higher dosage of phytobiotic. The study showed the ambiguity of the results of the use of phytobiotics in relation to zootechnical indicators, hematology results and in relation to histostructures of the superficial pectoral muscles of the studied groups of birds. The information obtained can be used by specialists in breeding poultry and in assessing the productive qualities of poultry when improving production technologies.

THE SUB-ACUTE TOXICITY OF THE DISINFECTIOUS PREPARATION "IODOPOVIDONE"

The results of a preclinical study of the subacute toxicity of the disinfectant "Iodopovidone" are presented. The purpose of the experiment reflected in the article was to continue a series of preclinical studies of the disinfectant Iodopovidone on laboratory animals by examining subacute toxicity, to confirm good animal tolerance and the drug belongs to the 4th toxicity class – low-toxic substances. The experiment was carried out on laboratory white rats, which were kept in the vivarium of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of the National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine in compliance with the requirements of the European Convention for the Protection of Vertebrate Animals used for scientific experiments or for other scientific purposes and the Law of Ukraine "On the Protection of Animals". The subacute toxicity of the disinfectant "Iodopovidone" was studied using dermal application. The effect of the drug was evaluated by analyzing the change in biochemical parameters of blood serum and hematological parameters of the blood of laboratory animals in dynamics after 6, 24 and 48 hours. The results of determining the parameters of subacute toxicity when applied to the skin indicate the absence of an irritating effect of the drug on the skin. Under the influence of the drug on the organism of animals for six hours, a slight fluctuation in hematological and biochemical blood parameters was revealed, which approached those of the control group of animals within 48 hours, except for the level of glucose, but this did not affect the general condition of the animals. The use of the drug at a dose of 2900 mg/kg of body weight does not cause the death of animals, which confirms the low toxicity of the drug and belonging to the 4th class of toxicity according to the current sanitary and hygienic standards, which is promising for use in poultry farming and requires further studies of chronic toxicity and toxicity in inhalation use.

Biochemical profile of Bence-Jones type multiple myeloma.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant tumor occurring from plasma cells that produce an abnormal monoclonal immunoglobulin - a paraprotein. A distinctive feature of Bence-Jones myeloma is the excretion of monoclonal free light chains of immunoglobulins with 24h urine, and the absence of monoclonal intact immunoglobulins secretion. Comprehensive analysis of biochemical parameters in blood serum and 24h urine in patients with Bence-Jones multiple myeloma using electrophoretic and immunoturbidimetric methods to assess their sensitivity as biomarkers. 50 patients with a morphologically confirmed diagnosis of MM of the Bence-Jones immunochemical type were examined. 28 people without oncological diseases were examinedas a control. Detection of monoclonal secretion in blood serum and daily urine was performed by immunofixation electrophoresis on the Hydrasys 2 electrophoretic system (Sebia). The determination of free light chains of immunoglobulins (FLC) was performed by the immunoturbidimetric method (Binding Site) on an Advia 1800 analyzer (Siemens). Analysis of IgG, IgA, IgM, β2-microglobulin and C-reactive protein was performed on Cobas 6000 analyzer (Roche). The median excretion of Bence-Jones protein in 24h urine of MM patients was 0.49 g/24h (0.06-2.45 g/24h). In the blood serum, in 86% of cases, the presence of paraproteinemia, represented by κ and λ type light chains of immunogloublins was detected. At the same time, the frequency of detection of monoclonal secretion in blood serum in Bence-Jones type λ myeloma was 95.7%, which was statistically significantly higher than the frequency of detection of monoclonal secretion of type κ - 77.8%. In patients with identified paraproteinemia, Bence-Jones protein excretion in daily urine (median 0.82 g/day) was statistically significantly higher than in patients without a monoclonal component detected in blood serum (median 0.04 g/24h). The levels of FLC in blood serum obtained by immunoturbidimetry in Bence-Jones myeloma of the corresponding type were higher than the reference levels in 100% of cases. The median level of κ-FLC reached 4358 mg/l, λ-FLC - 2225 mg/l, which was statistically significantly higher than the control levels. The median concentrations of IgG, IgA and IgM in patients with Bence-Jones myeloma were statistically significantly lower than in the control group, while the medians of β2-microglobulin and C-reactive protein were significantly higher than in the control. Our investigation showed high diagnostic efficiency of electrophoretic and immunoturbidimetric analysis of monoclonal secretion in patients with Bence-Jones MM, while FLC analysis demonstrated maximum sensitivity. Bence-Jones MM revealed biochemical signs of secondary immunodeficiency and general inflammatory syndrome.

БИОХИМИЧЕСКИЕ МАРКЕРЫ СЕРДЕЧНОЙ НЕДОСТАТОЧНОСТИ У СВИНЕЙ КАК ПРИЗНАК ЭКССУДАТИВНОГО МЯСА (PSE)

The article presents an analysis of biochemical parameters of blood serum and reveals the relationship of right-sided heart failure with the occurrence of post-mortem meat exudation (PSE). The most indicative markers of cardiopathology are total protein, albumin, glucose, urea, calcium, iron, bilirubin, AST, ALT, lactate, creatinine, sodium, chlorides, potassium, LDH, creatine kinase. As preventive measures, options for correcting the diet and microclimate are given.

REFERENCE VALUES OF BLOOD BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS FOR THE ZHABE TYPE KAZAKH HORSE IN THE SOUTHERN REGION OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN

The reference values for biochemical parameters in blood serum of the zhabe type Kazakh horse are presented in this article. To obtain reference biochemical parameters, whole blood samples of 50 clinically healthy adult zhabe-type horses of both sexes and raised on the free pasture of the "Kalka" farm in Zhambyl region, Shu district, Baluan Sholak, were examined on an automatic biochemical analyzer A15 (Biosystems, Spain). Biochemical results of zhabe type horses were close to the established normal indicators. The levels of enzymes of the hepatobiliary system (aspartate amintransferase, alkaline phosphatase), triglyceride content in horses of the zhabe type were 3-5 times higher than normal. Lower concentrations of albumin and zinc were found (22.22±3.67 g/l and 4.86±1.49 mmol/l, respectively), as well as creatinine concentrations within the lower normal values (77.84±14.19 mmol/L). Therefore, reference intervals of biochemical blood parameters (albumins, total protein, urea, uric acid, cholesterol, creatinine, bilirubin, triglycerides, glucose, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, iron, zinc, alkaline phosphatase, alanine amintransferase and aspartate amintransferase) were determined for the zhabe type horse in the conditions of the Southern region of the Republic of Kazakhstan, typical for the normal course of metabolic processes in the body.