Biochemical Enzyme Activities Research Articles

Effect of garlic peel on haematological, biochemical and digestive enzyme activity in beluga juvenile (Huso huso)

Effect of garlic peel on haematological, biochemical and digestive enzyme activity in beluga juvenile (Huso huso)

Pancreatic atrophy caused by dietary selenium deficiency induces hypoinsulinemic hyperglycemia via global down-regulation of selenoprotein encoding genes in broilers.

This study was envisaged to comprehensively profile genes in selected tissues along with a few biochemical indicators and integrate resulting information with dietary selenium (Se) deficiency symptoms in broilers. A total of 120 one-day-old Cobb male broilers were equally divided into two groups and fed a Se deficient corn-soybean-based basal diet supplemented with 0.3 mg/kg sodium selenite (Control, Se adequate) or without selenite (Se deficiency) for five weeks. Effects of Se deficiency on mRNA abundance of twenty-three selenoprotein encoding genes and seventeen insulin signaling related genes were studied at day 35 in pancreas, liver and muscle along with plasma biochemical constituents and enzyme activities. Compared to healthy birds in control diet, Se deficient diet induced deficiency symptoms in 90% birds and classic nutritional pancreatic atrophy, depressed growth performance of broilers, and decreased (P < 0.01 to P < 0.05) total antioxidant capacity and activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in plasma and three other tissues. Se deficiency resulted in 58% higher mortality than control birds. Dietary Se deficiency down-regulated (P < 0.01–0.05) eighteen selenoprotein encoding genes in pancreas, fourteen genes in muscle and nine genes in liver, and up-regulated (P < 0.05) Txnrd1 and Selx in liver. Meanwhile, six, thirteen and five insulin signaling related genes were down-regulated (P < 0.01–0.05) in pancreas, muscle and liver, respectively, and three genes were up-regulated (P < 0.01) in liver. The decrease (P < 0.05) in levels of plasma insulin, total triglyceride and total cholesterol, and concurrent elevated (P < 0.05) levels of plasma glucose and inflammatory cytokines accompanied the global down-regulation of selenoprotein encoding- and insulin signaling related- genes in Se deficient birds. It was concluded that dietary Se deficiency induces nutritional pancreatic atrophy and metabolic disorder of glucose and lipid in broilers via down-regulation of selenoprotein encoding- and insulin signaling related- genes, indicating potential roles of these genes in metabolic regulation.

Long term biochemical changes in offspring of rats fed diet containing alpha-cypermethrin

To investigate the possible developmental programming, we analyzed the effects of maternal and postnatal low dose alpha-cypermethrin exposure on metabolic and redox parameters in the offspring. Postnatal changes in plasma biochemical parameters and plasma and tissue oxidative stress markers were determined in offspring of dams fed standard chow or diet containing alpha cypermethrin at 1.50mg/kg/day during gestation and lactation, weaned on to standard chow or on treated diet until adulthood (5months).Our results showed that exposure to alpha cypermethrin induced a significant reduction in body weight, food intake and metabolic alterations such as an increase in plasma glucose, triglyceride, urea, creatinine and AST levels in both postnatal and prenatal/postnatal treated female and male rats. This increase was more pronounced in prenatal/postnatal exposed rats. Alpha-cypermethrin exposure resulted in an imbalance of oxidant/antioxidant status, marked by high levels of carbonyl proteins and MDA, and low levels of antioxidants in erythrocytes, liver and kidney of both male and female offspring. Offspring of exposed dams have pre-existing oxidative stress that was accentuated with postnatal pesticide exposure.In conclusion, maternal alpha-cypermethrin exposure affected metabolism leading to permanent changes in biochemical parameters, enzyme activities and redox markers in the offspring. These abnormalities in offspring were worsened under postnatal pesticide exposure from weaning to adulthood.

Protective role of apigenin on rotenone induced rat model of Parkinson's disease: Suppression of neuroinflammation and oxidative stress mediated apoptosis

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra which is associated with oxidative stress, neuroinflammation and apoptosis. Apigenin (AGN), a non-mutagenic flavone found in fruits and vegetables, exhibits a variety of biological effects including anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, and free radical scavenging activities. The current study was aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effects and molecular mechanisms of AGN in a rat model of PD induced by rotenone (ROT). Unilateral stereotaxic intranigral infusion of ROT caused the loss of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunoreactivity in striatum and substantia nigra. AGN treatment (10 and 20 mg/kg, i.p.) showed a significant improvement in behavioral, biochemical and mitochondrial enzyme activities as compared to ROT exposed rats. The mRNA expression of inflammatory markers and neurotrophic factors was quantified by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Administration of AGN significantly attenuated the upregulation of NF-κB gene expression in ROT induced group and prevented the neuroinflammation in substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). Further, AGN inhibited the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF- α, IL-6 and pro-inflammatory enzyme iNOS-1 induced by ROT. Additionally, AGN prevents the reduction of neurotrophic factors BDNF and GDNF mRNA expression in ROT lesioned rats. Immunoblot results illustrated that AGN treatment downregulated α-synuclein aggregation and upregulated the TH protein expression as well as dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) expression in ROT lesioned rats. Thus, the present findings collectively suggest that AGN exerts its neuroprotection in ROT model of PD and may act as an effective agent for treatment of PD.

Utilization of Glycyrrhizin and Licorice Extract as Natural Sweetener in Some Food Products and Biological Impacts

Replacing sucrose with safe natural intense sweeteners has importance in health concerns as a way to produce healthy foods with low caloric value. The present study has been carried out to utilize glycyrrhizin and licorice extract (LE) from Glycyrrhiza glabra L as a substitute of sucrose for sweetening toffee and cake preparation. Sensory attributes of the produced products (toffee and cakes) were evaluated and its biological effects on the body weight, organ relative weight, hematological and biochemical parameters and enzyme activities were studied in vivo. The results indicated that toffee prepared from replacing sugar with glycyrrhizin at 50:50 ratio (750 mg/100 g) showed the highest sensory over all acceptability scores. Replacing 25% glucose syrup with licorice extract (1.37 g /100 g) gave the higher score of sweetness, flavour, overall acceptability and absence of bitterness comparable to those prepared using increase the level of licorice extract. Cakes sweetened with 250 mg glycyrrhizin as 50% sugar replacer had no significant effect on the organoleptic properties but reduced their caloric value. We investigated biological impacts of young male rats fed with low and high doses of glycyrrhizin or licorice extract for 60 days. The results showed glycyrrhizin treated group significantly (P< 0.05) decreased feed intake with insignificant reduction in body weights gain (%) and insignificant increases in feed efficiency ratio as compared to control group but licorice extract treated group showed insignificant increase in body weight gain and feed efficiency ratio compared with the control group. Treatment with glycyrrhizin or licorice extract caused significant reduction in triglycerides (TG), with insignificant increase in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and decrease alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), and acid phosphatase (ACP) values compared to control groups. Histopathological investigation of liver and kidney tissues of glycyrrhizin treated rats showed completely normal structure with regular arrangement of cell when compared with control group.

An Integrated Microfluidic Processor for DNA-Encoded Combinatorial Library Functional Screening

DNA-encoded synthesis is rekindling interest in combinatorial compound libraries for drug discovery and in technology for automated and quantitative library screening. Here, we disclose a microfluidic circuit that enables functional screens of DNA-encoded compound beads. The device carries out library bead distribution into picoliter-scale assay reagent droplets, photochemical cleavage of compound from the bead, assay incubation, laser-induced fluorescence-based assay detection, and fluorescence-activated droplet sorting to isolate hits. DNA-encoded compound beads (10-μm diameter) displaying a photocleavable positive control inhibitor pepstatin A were mixed (1920 beads, 729 encoding sequences) with negative control beads (58 000 beads, 1728 encoding sequences) and screened for cathepsin D inhibition using a biochemical enzyme activity assay. The circuit sorted 1518 hit droplets for collection following 18 min incubation over a 240 min analysis. Visual inspection of a subset of droplets (1188 droplets) yielded a 24% false discovery rate (1166 pepstatin A beads; 366 negative control beads). Using template barcoding strategies, it was possible to count hit collection beads (1863) using next-generation sequencing data. Bead-specific barcodes enabled replicate counting, and the false discovery rate was reduced to 2.6% by only considering hit-encoding sequences that were observed on >2 beads. This work represents a complete distributable small molecule discovery platform, from microfluidic miniaturized automation to ultrahigh-throughput hit deconvolution by sequencing.

Changes in biochemical constituents, enzyme activities and protein profiles during root-shoot differentiation in callus culture of Dioscorea alata

The changes in biochemical constituents and polypeptide (PP) bands were studied during root-shoot differentiation in Dioscorea alata (greater yam). Among different explants used - leaf, node, internode and tuber, node explants were found to be the best for induction and growth of callus. Depending on weights of fresh and dry callus, high growth and best callusing were observed on MS medium supplemented with 2.5 µM NAA. This high growth value callus was subsequently supplemented with various concentrations and combinations of growth regulators to identify the suitable regeneration media. Regeneration of roots occurred in 12-16 days and was the best on MS medium having 2.0 µM NAA and 0.5 µM IBA. Shoots regenerated in 16 days in MS medium supplemented with 2.0 μM BAP and 0.5 µM NAA. The biochemical constituents such as total soluble sugars, reducing sugars, total soluble proteins and total phenols decreased whereas free amino acids increased during root and shoot differentiation of D. alata. Activities of enzymes, viz. α-amylase, acid invertase, acid phosphatase, acid protease and peroxidase decreased during callus differentiation. While four PP bands (25.56, 24.35, 19.13 and 18.2 kDa) appeared during root differentiation, only three PP bands (53.7, 25.12 and 19.13 kDa) were noted during shoot differentiation. One common PP band (19.13 kDa) appeared during both root and shoot differentiation. There was disappearance of four common bands (89.13, 69.8, 36.3 and 27.43 kDa) during differentiation of root and shoot. To conclude, changes in biochemical constituents and expression of root/shoot specific PP may be used as markers to characterize differentiation pathway and to augment the selection of regenerating potential callus for rapid in vitro propagation.

Cell Panel Profiling Reveals Conserved Therapeutic Clusters and Differentiates the Mechanism of Action of Different PI3K/mTOR, Aurora Kinase and EZH2 Inhibitors.

Cancer cell line panels are important tools to characterize the in vitro activity of new investigational drugs. Here, we present the inhibition profiles of 122 anticancer agents in proliferation assays with 44 or 66 genetically characterized cancer cell lines from diverse tumor tissues (Oncolines). The library includes 29 cytotoxics, 68 kinase inhibitors, and 11 epigenetic modulators. For 38 compounds this is the first comparative profiling in a cell line panel. By strictly maintaining optimized assay protocols, biological variation was kept to a minimum. Replicate profiles of 16 agents over three years show a high average Pearson correlation of 0.8 using IC50 values and 0.9 using GI50 values. Good correlations were observed with other panels. Curve fitting appears a large source of variation. Hierarchical clustering revealed 44 basic clusters, of which 26 contain compounds with common mechanisms of action, of which 9 were not reported before, including TTK, BET and two clusters of EZH2 inhibitors. To investigate unexpected clusterings, sets of BTK, Aurora and PI3K inhibitors were profiled in biochemical enzyme activity assays and surface plasmon resonance binding assays. The BTK inhibitor ibrutinib clusters with EGFR inhibitors, because it cross-reacts with EGFR. Aurora kinase inhibitors separate into two clusters, related to Aurora A or pan-Aurora selectivity. Similarly, 12 inhibitors in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway separated into different clusters, reflecting biochemical selectivity (pan-PI3K, PI3Kβγδ-isoform selective or mTOR-selective). Of these, only allosteric mTOR inhibitors preferentially targeted PTEN-mutated cell lines. This shows that cell line profiling is an excellent tool for the unbiased classification of antiproliferative compounds. Mol Cancer Ther; 15(12); 3097-109. ©2016 AACR.

Four novel mutations in the N-acetylgalactosamine-6-sulfate sulfatase gene among Egyptian patients with Morquio A disease

Morquio A disease (Mucopolysaccharidosis IVA, MPS IVA) is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder caused by deficient activity of the enzyme N-acetylgalactosamine-6-sulfate sulfatase (GALNS) encoded by the GALNS gene. This deficiency leads to a decreased ability to degrade the glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) keratan sulfate and chondroitin 6-sulfate, thereby causing their accumulation within the lysosomes and consequently prominent skeletal and visceral abnormalities.Clinical evaluation and biochemical GALNS enzyme activity determination were carried out for the patients from four unrelated Egyptian families. Mutational analysis was performed to PCR products by sequencing of the 14 exons and exon-intron boundaries of GALNS gene for the 4 patients.Sequence analysis revealed four novel mutations; three nonsense mutations (p.Q12X, p.Q220X, p.Y254X) and one missense mutation, p.D40G. All four patients were offspring of consanguineous marriages and were homozygous for the corresponding mutation. The activity of the GALNS enzyme was below normal reference range in all of them. The p.Q12X and p.Y254X were associated with severe MPS IVA phenotype.Molecular analysis of GALNS gene revealed four novel mutations in four different Morquio A Egyptian patients.

Changes in physiological, biochemical and antioxidant enzyme activities of green gram (Vigna radiata L.) genotypes under drought

Water deficit is one of the major factors affecting the growth and productivity field crops. This study was conducted to characterize four popularly genotypes, viz. SGC 16, TMB 37, SG 21-5, and Pratap, of green gram (Vigna radiata L.) on physiological, biochemical and morphological basis under water deficit at vegetative, flowering and pod filling stages. A substantial decrease in the mid-day leaf water potential (ΨL), net photosynthesis (PN), total soluble protein (TSP) and membrane stability index (MSI) were recorded under water deficit. However, the membrane lipid peroxidation (MDA), total free amino acid, and the activities of super oxide dismutase and catalase increased significantly (p ≤ 0.05). Percentage reduction of grain yield, under water deficit, was the maximum in the genotype TMB 37 (50.05–63.80 %) indicating its sensitivity towards water deficit. In contrast, the genotype Pratap was the most tolerant to water deficit as it had the minimum reduction (20.76–34.87 %) in grain yield. Flowering was the most critical crop growth stage to water deficit. Among the studied parameters, ΨL, PN, TSP, MSI and MDA were identified as the marker parameters for explaining the response mechanism of green gram genotypes to water deficit.

Purification and kinetic studies of bovine kidney cyclooxygenases (COXs)

Cyclooxygenases (EC 1.14.99.1) is enzyme family that produces inflammatory prostaglandins, also known asprostaglandin H synthase (PGHS) or prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase, is expressed in several tissues. COX activity has beendetected in both brain and kidney of mice and bovine kidney (that showed the highest activity). Optimum biochemical propertiesof enzyme activity including incubation time, enzyme and substrate concentrations and pH were determined. Kinetic parametersof COX activity were indicated that the Vmax and Km values were of 66.66 μmole/min and 125.73 μM-1, respectively. COX hasbeen purified from bovine kidney by detergent solubilization, (NH4)2SO4 precipitation, dialysis and ion exchange chromatographyon DEAE-sepharose. Three isoforms were obtained (coxI, coxII and coxIII) that showed specific activities of 592.27, 1323.3 and1825 U/mg protein and 0.72, 1.6 and 2.2 folds purification over the crude homogenate, respectively. The purified enzymeexhibited a single protein band on Coomassie Brilliant Blue stained SDS-PAGE gel corresponding a molecular weight 70 KDa.

Selected metabolic biochemical and enzyme activities associated with Besnoitia besnoiti infection in dairy cattle.

The main aim of the study was to explore, compare, and identify whether there is an association between Besnoitia besnoiti seropositivity in apparently healthy dairy cows with some biochemical parameters, enzyme activities, and beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA). A total of 98 dairy cows were included in the study, of which there was 50 seropositive and 48 seronegative cows. Analysis of serum antibodies against B. besnoiti antibodies was performed using an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Student's independent t test showed that there was a significant difference in BHBA, albumin, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) between the seropositive and seronegative groups. Univariable regression analysis showed no significant association between seropositivity status with any of the evaluated parameters except BHBA level, mastitis, and abomasum displacement. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that there was a strong association between seropositivity with BHBA level. The significant association between BHBA and B. besnoiti seropositivity represents preliminary finding that needs further exploration.

The effect of pod elimination on water stress in relation to antioxidant enzymes activity and proline in three annual medics species

Despite the importance of pod removal in the seeds of annual medics, there have been few studies carried out in this area. In this research, the role of pod removal in growth and biochemical enzyme activities was examined in three annual medic species during drought stress and subsequent recovery. This study was carried out as a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design. The treatments were carried out on annual medic species of three levels: Medicago rigidula, M. scutellata, M. polymorpha, presence or removal of the pod and water stress. Water stress was split into the following four levels: 100%, 80%, 60%, and 40% field capacity (FC) during the stress period. The results showed that drought stress and subsequent recovery increased proline content and antioxidant enzyme activity. The highest proline content and antioxidant enzyme activity was observed in M. Scutellata. However, the rate at which proline increased, decreased at 40% FC whereas the antioxidant enzyme reached their highest activity at 40% FC. The antioxidant enzymes’ activity and proline content without the pod experiment were significantly higher than with the pod experiment. Since the activation of an antioxidant system and the increasing of the proline content helps the plants with stress induced damages, our results indicated that elimination of pods of annual medics before sowing helps seedlings to perform better under drought stress. This data is useful to gain a better understanding of the physiological basis of the changes in drought resistance as well as the crop breeding projects.

АВТОМАТИЗАЦІЯ РОБОЧОГО МІСЦЯ ЛІКАРЯ-БІОХІМІКА ГЕНЕТИКА

In the laboratory of medical genetics NCSH «OKHMATDYT» to identify the reliability of laboratory results and control the number and frequency of errors, carry out internal quality control. In order to evaluate the results of measurements of samples and eliminate harmful analytical errors developed and introduced software that allows you to build a calibration curve and process the results of biochemical research activity of lysosomal enzymes.

Aluminium Phosphide-induced Hepato-nephrotoxicity and Oxidative Damage in Rats: The Protective Effect of α-lipoic Acid

The present experiment was carried out to investigate the effectivness of � -lipoic acid in allevating the toxicity of aluminium phosphide on biochemical parameters, free radicals and enzyme activities in plasma, liver and kidney of male rats. Animals were orally treated with aluminium phosphide, � -lipoic acid and their combination for 30 consecutive days. Treatment with aluminium phosphide led to significant decrease in plasma total protein and glucose and increase in transaminases, phosphatases, urea, creatinine and bilirubin. Treatment with aluminium phosphide significantly decreased glutathione S-transferase (GST), catalase (CAT) and reduced glutathione (GSH) in plasma, liver and kidney. While, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS; as an index of lipid peroxidation) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were increased in plasma, liver and kidney of rats treated with aluminium phosphide. Administration of � -lipoic acid in combination with aluminium phosphide minimized and alleviated its toxic effects on most of the measured parameters. In conclusion, lipoic acid has beneficial effects and could be able to attenuate aluminium phosphide toxicity.

Evaluation of fish oils in amelioration of diabetes-induced tissue dam-ages in mice (Mus musculus)

Prolonged diabetes leads to multi-organ damages due to oxidative stress. Fish oil rich in omega-3 poly unsaturated fatty acid is known to reduce the oxidative stress. The present study has been aimed to evaluate the ameliorative effect of two fish oils extracted from Sardinella longiceps and Rastrelliger kanagurta, in diabetes-induced tissue damages in liver, kidney and heart tissues of mice, Mus musculus. Diabetes was induced by repetitive intra-peritoneal injection of alloxan (100mg/kg BW). The diabetic mice were fed the commercial pellet diet supplemented with 10% laboratory extracted fish oil of S.longiceps and R.kanagurta, for period of one month. Concentra-tion of various parameters viz.,Thiobutaric acid reactive substance, Vitamin C, Vitamin E and reduced glutathione along with activities of Aspartate aminotransferase, Alanine aminotransferase, Gamma glutamyltranspeptidase, Lactate dehydrogenase, Superoxide dismutase and Catalase were monitored in these tissues. Altered level of tissue biochemical composition and enzyme activities due to diabetes-induced damages was nearly brought down to nor-mal levels with the supplementation of 10% fish oil. Histological studies of liver, heart and kidney confirms the protective effect of dietary fish oil from diabetes induced tissue damages. Fish oil from S.longiceps brought maximum changes in concentration of TBARS, Vitamin C and in the activities of AST, LDH and Catalase in diabetic mice in comparison with the fish oil of R.kanagurta. Fish oil from S.longiceps offers better protective effect in diabe-tes induced mice in comparison to R. kanagurta oil.

Comparison of biochemical compounds and antioxidant activities in date palm bunch fading disorder

Date palm bunch fading disorder, the cause of which remains unknown, is among the most harmful disorders affecting date production. In this study the contents of several biochemical compounds and antioxidant enzyme activity were measured in both faded and non-faded bunches. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomised block design with five replications on 10 uniform date palm trees. Five trees showing symptoms of fading disorder on some bunches and five trees showing no symptoms of the disorder were selected. The contents of starch, total protein, proline and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase and polyphenol oxidase were significantly different (p<0.05), whereas the contents of soluble sugars and total phenols, and activities of peroxidase and ascorbate peroxidase did not show significant differences (p>0.05), between faded and non-faded fruit. Strands and stalks of non-faded bunches contained higher contents of organic compounds and showed higher antioxidant enzyme activity compared with those of faded bunches. Furthermore, the H2O2 content in faded fruit was higher compared with that of non-faded fruit. The highest H2O2 content was observed in strands and stalks of non-faded bunches. The results indicate that the disordered trees were under stress.

Phytohormones reduce the adverse effect of salinity on seed germination and seedling growth and some biochemical changes in imbibed seeds ofCicer aeritinum cv. C-235

When 1x10-9M NaCl stressed seeds of Cicer arietinum cv. C-235 was treated with growth hormones i.e. 1x10-8M of IAA, 1x10-9M of Kn and 1x10-7M of GA. Individual treatment of growth hormones IAA, GA and Kn, improved seed germi-nation and seedling growth, the level of biochemi-cal components and enzyme activities in imbibed seeds being maximum at combined treatment (IAA+GA+Kn).

Postprandial metabolic events in mini-pigs: new insights from a combined approach using plasma metabolomics, tissue gene expression, and enzyme activity

To unravel metabolic adaptations preceding the occurrence of metabolic dysregulations, a nutritional challenge appears as the best tool capable to reveal metabolic disturbances compared to single-point measurements at the static fasting (PA) state. The aim of the present work was to study the metabolic trajectories at the postprandial (PP) state in a relevant human nutrition animal model combining plasma metabolome analysis with classical metabolism exploration tools. In a first trial, three mini pigs were fed a test meal and arterial blood samples withdrawn before and over 4 h following the meal for plasma metabolites analysis (LC–MS and classical biochemistry). In a second trial, three mini-pigs were euthanized after an overnight fasting and three others 1:15 h after the test meal. The metabolism was explored at the molecular (mRNA levels), biochemical (enzyme activities) and signalling (phosphorylation status) levels in the liver and muscle. As expected, and in accordance with alterations in plasma glucose, urea levels, gluconeogenesis/glycolysis/lipid and amino acid (AA) oxidation genes expression and enzymes activities, the metabolomic approach discriminated the PA from the PP state (R2Ycum = 0.991; Q2Ycum = 0.921). More interestingly hierarchical cluster analysis revealed that the PP metabolome included actually four types of kinetic profiles. Further, PLS-DA analysis revealed a two-step pattern: 1–2 and 3–4 h (R2Ycum = 0.837; Q2cum = 0.635). Among the molecules explaining this discrimination, several AAs and phospholipid species were highlighted and their significance in PP metabolism discussed. Our data showed that the combination of these approaches in mini-pigs could be used to investigate PP metabolic adaptations in various physiological and patho-physiological states.

Some biochemical constituents in follicular fluid of indigenous cows of Assam

Aim: Estimation of some biochemical constituents in follicular fluid of non-descript cows of Assam. Materials and Methods: Twenty five pairs of ovaries were collected from local slaughter house and the follicular fluid was aspirated from small (2-4 mm), medium (4-6 mm) and large (6-9 mm) follicles. Aspirated fluid samples were centrifuged at 4000 rpm for 20 min in a refrigerated centrifuge to remove granulosa cells and other cell debris. Supernatant was used for estimation of glucose, total protein, cholesterol, acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase. Data generated in the study were analyzed statiscally by SPSS (version 16.0). SPSS South Asia Pvt. Limited, Kacharakanahalli, Bangalore, 560043). Results: A non significant difference was recorded in case of total protein and cholesterol of follicular fluid of small, medium and large sized follicles of cow. However, the glucose level significantly (p<0.01) increased with the increase of follicular size where as the activity of acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase significantly (p<0.01) decreased with increase of size. Conclusion: Certain biochemical constituents and enzyme activities of follicular fluid changes with the growth of follicles in non-descript cows of Assam. The glucose concentration increased with the growth of the follicles while acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase levels had an inverse relation with the size of the ovarian follicles.