Big Problem Research Articles

Analisis Perbuatan Melawan Hukum Terhadap Obyek Sengketa Tanah Yang Dikuasai Orang Lain (Studi Putusan Nomor : 2490 K/Pdt/2015)

This research aims to find out what the status of land ownership is according to the Basic Agrarian Law and how land disputes resulting from unlawful acts are resolved in terms of UUPA No. 5 of 1960, which using normative legal research methods concluded that: 1. Land ownership status is an important thing , because it concerns someone's ownership, we all know that land ownership is an important thing in human life, where we live on land, so land ownership status is really needed by everyone. Ownership of a certificate is evidence that has clear legal force. The Basic Agrarian Law is the basic rule that regulates land in Indonesia. With the development of the times, new rules have been born, either contained in law or government regulations, which have been designed in such a way as to meet needs and have succeeded in perfecting the rules regarding land ownership status. which can be carried out by the Indonesian people. 2. Regarding dispute resolution, it does not have to be resolved in court, but rather deliberation or family or local government to resolve the dispute so that it does not end up in court and becomes a big problem. A dispute occurs, causing many parties to take legal action, even though there is another way, namely by deliberation to reach a consensus, which fails, so they usually take the matter to the sub-district or to the land office, in this case to the village or the head of the Land Office who helps resolve it. In this case they only act as mediators or are often called mediators.

Analyzing Revitalization of Multicultural Education on Higher Education to Reduce Negative Stereotypes in Indonesia

A negative stereotypes are the root of big problems in this country. It is the forerunner to the birth of hatred and racist behavior. The negative stereotypes must be reduced. One way that can be done is by revitalizing multicultural education as an educational concept that is most friendly to diversity. This study aims to describe the revitalization of multicultural education in tertiary institutions to reduce negative stereotypes. This study uses a qualitative method with a concept analysis approach. Data collection techniques using document studies. The revitalization of multicultural education is carried out by reviewing the focus, goals, values, and approach of multicultural education. There are four approaches to multicultural education, namely the transformation, additive, contribution, and social action approaches. This revitalization is carried out so that the implementation of multicultural education in tertiary institutions as a macro environment can be carried out properly. The impact is the reduction of negative stereotypes so that social conflicts can be prevented.

Effect of Glycerol Concentrations on the Characteristics of Cellulose Films from Cattail (Typha angustifolia L.) Flowers.

Plastic waste has become a big problem for the environment globally. Biodegradable polymers are a potential replacement for plastics that can have a positive outcome both environmentally and economically. In this work, we used acid hydrolysis and alkaline treatment to extract cellulose fibers from cattails. The obtained cellulose was used as a substrate for the fabrication of cellulose film using a casting technique on plastic plates. Different concentrations of the plasticizer, glycerol, were used to prepare films for comparison, and its effects on the film's characteristics were observed. The morphology, chemical structure, and thermal stability of the cattail cellulose (CTC) films were studied using techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), respectively. Measurements of transparency, moisture content (MC), water solubility (MS), and water contact angle (WCA) were also performed. Introducing glycerol into the films increased the transparency, MC, and WS values, as well as the gap width between film textures. However, it resulted in a decrease in the WCA of the films, showing that the hydrophilicity of the films is increased by the addition of glycerol. The interaction between the functional groups of cellulose and glycerol was established from the ATR-FTIR and XRD data. The obtained results indicated that glycerol affected the thermal stability and the degree of crystallinity of the produced films. Accordingly, the hydrophilicity of the cellulose film was increased by increasing the glycerol content; therefore, cattail cellulose films can be used as a biodegradable alternative to plastic in the future.

Q-rung orthopair fuzzy decision-making method of multi-source information based on the compression mapping and inverse score function

Intelligent computing is an independent algorithm system that imitates the laws and principles of nature's biological chain to design and solve practical problems in modern society, it can help people better handle some big data problems through artificial intelligence technology and different cognitive characteristics. Especially, when dealing with group decision problems, it is often considered as human behavior based on cognitive computing. The q-rung orthopair fuzzy set (q-ROFS) is not only a generalization of Pythagorean fuzzy set (PFS), but also can deal with the decision problem of multi-source information in a wider area. In this paper, we first give the detailed explanations of the relationship between the q-ROFS and q-rung orthopair fuzzy number (q-ROFN)by an example, and itis pointed out that there are some defects in the existing two ranking methods for the Pythagorean fuzzy numbers (PFNs) and intuitionistic fuzzy numbers (IFNs) through counterexamples, and then all q-ROFNs are mapped into the unit triangle of the first quadrant through q-compression mapping, and the concept of distance factor for q-ROFNs is proposed by Euclidean distance between each q-ROFN and the maximum element (1,0).Secondly, a novel inverse score function for q-ROFNs are put forward by the distance factor and hesitancy degree, and the monotonicity of the inverse score function are discussed. Finally, a new ranking criterion of q-ROFNs is given by the new score formula, and then the rationality of the ranking criterion is proved, and through the method of solving the conditional extreme value of multivariate function (Lagrange multiplier method), there is indeed an extreme value point (corresponding to the maximum q-ROFN) on υ=μ. Besides, a q-rung orthopair fuzzy decision-making method for multi-source information is given by the new ranking criterion and aggregation operations, and the comparison of examples shows that the inverse score function and decision-making method do have many advantages in the q-ROFN environment.

Reducing Maternal Mortality Rate Through Utilization of Agricultural Products and Antenatal Care with Agronursing Perspective

In Indonesia, the number of deliveries assisted by health personnel is still relatively low. Pregnancy checks (Antenatal Care = ANC) can motivate pregnant women to give birth to health workers. This study aims to determine the role of ANC in selecting birth attendants. This cross-sectional study used secondary data from the KKG Project Benefit Evaluation Survey (Family Health and Nutrition)—efforts to Reduce Maternal Mortality Rate Through Utilization of Agricultural Products and Antenatal Care in Agronursing Areas. Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR) is the death of a woman during pregnancy or 42 days after giving birth. Indonesia is a country with a significant increase in the number of maternal mortalities of 359/100,000. This achievement still needs to catch up to the 2024 Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) target, which is 183/100,000 KH, so this has made Indonesia experience a crisis in maternal health services. The low readiness of the mother to fulfill nutritional quality and conduct antenatal care can be a big problem in the birth process. Therefore, it is important to carry out socialization to reduce the maternal mortality rate by utilizing agricultural products to improve maternal nutrition through antenatal care. The purpose of doing community service for pregnant women is to reduce the Maternal Mortality Rate in Indonesia. Community empowerment is carried out by conducting lectures between researchers and participants.

Links among Intellectual Terrorism, Religious and Political Dissent

The unusual rapid change of globalization process, winning of extreme right parties in some countries, who ask for racism and refuse other nationalities and races makes the world unstable and coexistence among various nations is in dangerous. All these things does not come to exist without any plan of some extremist parties, subversive activities in different places. Physical terrorism and terrorist acts are semi controlled, but the extreme groups nowadays found other ways to terrorize societies, frighten and threaten people intellectually. There is an exploiting of different ideas, different views of parties in a country and change it to an intellectual terrorism just for specific and private interests or to take power in a country. Under the name of rights there is a huge deface on religion through deception and mislead people and push them to take unusual habits and acts which leads to anger some people without taking into account of other religion through burning the religious book, abusing religious characters and all these acts consider to be intellectual terrorism and spreading hatred among different religions who were living in peace before without any crucial and serious big problem. To this devastating end, the extremist parties and their elements try to use any way of means to reach their dirty and bad intentions. Even we live in a media revolution nowadays which if anything happens in the farthest part of the world will be known in other parts in a way or another, make them to have hostile ideas against who are not in their religion, ethnic, nationality or language, even some of high officials and ranks clearly mention in front of their assembly and spread hostile idea. It has nothing to do with the freedom of expression. It is some kind of terrorism, not physical but intellectual and it is stupidity of people through their bad planned ideas, their political orientation and their trade in the blood of others. Unfortunately there are still many who believe in such things and terrorism and terror belongs to specific religion or ideology without having a minimum information on it. We all together need to face intellectual terrorism and stop them otherwise the situation goes worse than it is.

Experimental study of the change of pore structure and strength of granite after fluid-rock interaction in CO2-EGS

Deep geothermal energy plays an essential role in the future renewable energy supply. To investigate the mechanism of fluid-rock interaction on the pore structure and the strength of granite in various zones of CO2-EGS, this paper carried out experiments on the fluid-rock interaction at 240 °C and 37 MPa for the three zones of CO2-EGS. Experiments were conducted to test and analyze the elemental composition, surface micromorphology, pore structure, P-wave velocity, and mechanical strength of the granite before and after the fluid-rock interaction. The results show that the water/ScCO2 dissolves the albite and potassium feldspar in the granite, and the carbon in ScCO2 may be sequestered in rock as carbonate mineral precipitates. The injection of ScCO2 fluids increases the pore volume of the rock by 43%, 65%, and 45% in the presence of no water, a small amount of water, and a large amount of water, respectively. There is no chemical reaction, but only physical interaction, between ScCO2 and granite when no water is involved in the core zone of CO2-EGS. The dissolution and precipitation are slight when there is limited water in the rock of surrounding zone, and the P-wave velocity and uniaxial compressive strength also only decrease by ignorable amounts. Only with sufficient water in the outer zone, the ScCO2 fluid can significantly change the uniaxial compressive strength and elastic modulus of rock sample. The findings indicate that the CO2-EGS won't suffer from the blockage of mineral precipitation, decrease of permeability and short service lifetime of geothermal reservoir, which are big problems in conventional water based EGS.

A study of teeth generation for arbitrary-shaped sprockets

ABSTRACT In the noncircular sprocket designing process, drawing the teeth cannot be automatically performed using any function in the drawing software, and it needs complicated manual operations and adjustments. The accuracy and time waste are big problems here. This paper proposes a procedure to automatically generate a complete 3D sprocket design from a set of sprocket pitch coordinates. Japanese standard tooth profile (JIS B 1801) is used as an example model in the procedure development. First, the tooth profile equation is derived using the theory of gearing in a particular coordinate system. Subsequently, the coordinate transformation matrix is built to attach the tooth profile on every sprocket pitch coordinate in the correct direction, remove some coordinates surpassing the outer diameter limit, and build the complete 3D sprocket profile. The proposed procedure can be implemented into programming languages with the sprocket pitch coordinate file as the input and the set of sprocket teeth coordinate as the output. With the proposed procedure, a 3D design of any shape sprocket can be generated quickly and accurately.

The change of healthcare service in Chinese patients with inflammatory bowel disease during the pandemic: a national multicenter cross-sectional study

The pandemic of COVID-19 was a major public health events and had a deeply impact on the healthcare acquired by patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the long-term impacts on healthcare service in Chinese IBD patients under the dynamic zero-COVID strategy. The study was performed in the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Quality of Care Centers in mainland China in 2021. The data about the healthcare was collected by a 44-item questionnaire. Totally 463 were from ulcerative colitis (UC) patients and 538 from Crohn’s disease (CD) patients were included in the study. The pandemic impacted 37.5% patients on their treatment, and the biggest problem was unable to follow up timely (77.9%). There was a significant increase in healthcare costs in CD (P < 0.001) and no significant change in UC (P = 0.14) after the outbreak. Both UC and CD had an increase in the frequency of outpatient visits (UC 5.07 vs. 4.54, P = 0.001; CD 6.30 vs. 5.76, P = 0.002), and hospitalizations (UC 1.30 vs. 1.02, P < 0.001; CD 3.55 vs. 2.78, P < 0.001). The hospitalization rate in UC reduced slightly (40.2% vs. 42.8%, P = 0.423) after the outbreak, but it significantly increased in CD (75.8% vs. 67.8%, P = 0.004). The rate of biologics had significant increased (UC 11.2% vs. 17.7%, P = 0.005; CD 53.2% vs. 71.0%, P < 0.001). Besides, the proportion of people using telemedicine also increased from 41.6% to 55.1% (P < 0.001). However, 82.8% patients still preferred face-to-face visits. Recurrent outbreaks and the regular pandemic prevention and control policy had a long-term impact on medical care service for IBD patients. The preferred mode of healthcare was still face-to-face visit. It will be a long way to go in the construction of telemedicine in China.

Small organisms create big problems for taxonomists

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When Cancer Centers Snooze, Patients Lose: It is Time to Make Insomnia a Priority for Survivors.

Insomnia is a big problem for cancer survivors. Prioritizing evaluation and treatment is essential!

Design Automatic Air Conditioning System Control with Passive Infrared Receiver/motion sensor

Dr. Ferdinand Lumbantobing Airport faces serious challenges related to the waste of electrical energy in its operations. The quarterly report shows an inconsistent increase in electricity usage, which is largely due to human factors and some technical aspects. The biggest problem is the use of air conditioning and lights that do not need to be constantly active. This article takes a close look at the airport's efforts to address this waste of energy, focusing on the use of air conditioning and constantly burning lights in unused rooms. Measures such as monitoring, automation, sensors, employee extension, and smart appliance development are proposed to address these issues and achieve significant energy savings. This solution will help reduce airport operational costs, increase efficiency, and support environmental conservation.

Smart Cities with Big Data

With the rise of data-driven technology and the growing demand for sustainable urban development, the idea of smart cities has attracted a lot of attention recently. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of smart cities within the big data framework, emphasizing issues, problems, and reference models. The report starts off by outlining the essential elements of a smart city, focusing on how different data sources should be integrated and how data analytics is crucial for making well-informed decisions. It then explores the examination of current reference models, stressing their advantages and disadvantages in handling the intricacy of smart city infrastructures. The study also addresses the difficulties of using big data technology in urban settings, including concerns about data security, privacy, and governance. It also lists important factors to take into account when implementing big data projects in smart cities, stressing the need of stakeholder involvement, scalable infrastructure, and the creation of strong legal frameworks. Overall, this paper gives a thorough review of how big data will affect urban living in the future and offers insights into the key issues that must be resolved in order to realize the full potential of smart cities.

A review on biodegradable polymer: Shortcomings, developments, and future direction

With the continuous progress and development of the world's economy and science, people's awareness of environmental protection has gradually increased. Polymer materials have brought great convenience to modern people's daily life and work, and their application fields are becoming wider. However, on the one hand, the comprehensive application of polymer materials has greatly improved our level of people's daily life, and on the other hand, it also brings a certain pollution to the environment. Because some traditional polymer composites can not degrade immediately, there may be a big problem of pollution and emission. Therefore, how to develop a biodegradable polymer material has become a research hotspot. This paper reviewed the current market share of biodegradable polymers, the classification of current biodegradable polymers, and the applications of biodegradable polymers. By providing that information, this paper aims to help understand the big picture of biodegradable polymers and contribute to their future developments.

Distributed independent vector machine for big data classification problems

Distributed independent vector machine for big data classification problems

Research on the Causes, Effects and Countermeasures of Overcultivation

In recent years, the overcultivation of land has become one of the major concerns of people. With the growing population, people have a greater demand for food and a greater desire for open areas, so more and more land is being reclaimed (wasteland, grassland, woodland). This paper discusses the harm of desertification to the surrounding environment and analyzes the causes of this phenomenon. The results show that soil erosion, water flow loss and vegetation destruction directly lead to the imbalance of ecosystem. By studying the classification of land desertification, soil pH and water content, vegetation coverage and other aspects, this paper believes that reducing overcultivation can effectively solve land desertification and other environmental problems, which also needs the help of the government, enterprises and the masses, promulgating laws prohibiting excessive overcultivation, and calling on the people to reduce overcultivation. Develop more advanced technology to improve the efficiency of land use. At the same time, this paper hopes that all sectors of society will have better ways to reduce the big problem of land overcultivation.

Investigation of a Solar-Powered Evaporative Cooling System under Tunisian Climate

The demand for cooling continues to increase in line with environmental changes and a greater desire for human comfort. In north Africa and middle eastern countries, and particularly in Tunisia, cooling constitutes a big problem as it is recommended for human and animal breeding. This study aimed to analyze the performance and suitability of an evaporative cooling system powered by solar energy and to assess the economic and environmental impact under Tunisian weather conditions. Numerical modeling and simulations were performed, revealing the effects of inlet air temperature and relative humidity on system performances. An experimental study based on the construction of an evaporative cooling prototype formed by environmentally friendly and locally available components was also performed. This study showed the dependence of the process performances on the humidity and temperature of the ambient air. The obtained results revealed that the efficiency of the evaporative cooler exceeds 90%, with maximum efficiency being reached at a high wet-bulb depression, while minimum efficiency was observed when the dry air has a high relative humidity and a low dry-bulb temperature. Experimental results showed that, for input temperatures ranges between 36 and 47 °C and relative air humidity between 15 and 50%, a direct humidifier produces air with a temperature range between 25 and 29 °C and humidity range between 55% and 85%. Thus, evaporative cooling is feasible and suitable under Tunisian climate conditions during the hot season.

Niepewność pomiarów średniej temperatury promieniowania za pomocą termometrów kulistych = Uncertainty of mean radiant-temperature measurements using globe thermometers

In the analysis of the human heat balance, the biggest problem is to precisely determine the amount of energy absorbed by a human organism under dynamically changing solar conditions and while being surrounded by many different surfaces that can absorb, emit or reflect solar radiation in different ways. Therefore, in thermal comfort studies some simplifications of the radiation field around human body are necessary and thus the concept of mean radiant temperature (Mrt) is most often used. Mrt values can be derived either from direct instrumental measurements or calculated by one of the microclimate models. The most accurate way to determine the Tmrt outdoors is by integral radiation measurements and the calculation of angular factors (i.e. the proportion of radiation received by the human body from different directions). This method involves simultaneous measurements of long- and short-wave radiation flux densities in six directions, which requires three sets of net radiometers. Although this method of Mrt determination describes the radiation environment accurately and independently of the variable wind field, it requires the use of expensive and complex measurement devices. Cheap and easy to operate alternative offers globe thermometer. In steady state conditions, readings from the air temperature sensor inside the globe thermometer (tg) will reflect the convective and radiative heat exchange around the globe thermometer. Knowing tg, as well as globe emissivity and diameter, the Mrt may be calculated. In this research three different globe thermometers were used to determine Mrt: 15-cm standard globe thermometer (SGT) and two 4-cm custom made acrylic globe thermometers (AGT) painted in black and grey. The measurements were conducted in the summer in Warsaw, on two selected green areas, under sunny and warm weather conditions. In each location Mrt measurements were taken in two spots – in the shade of trees and in the open grassy spaces, with high SVF. Our results demonstrate, that globe thermometers, although being relatively cheap and less complex instruments for determining Mrt, can be used to a limited extend, due to high instability of their indications under significant radiative loads.

Comparative Analysis of Data Security and Cloud Storage Models Using NSL KDD Dataset

Cloud computing is becoming increasingly important in many enterprises, and researchers are focusing on safeguarding cloud computing. Due to the extensive variety of service options it offers, A significant amount of interest from the scientific community has been focused on cloud computing. The two biggest problems with cloud computing are security and privacy. The key challenge is maintaining privacy, which expands rapidly with the number of users. A perfect security system must efficiently ensure each security aspect. This study provides a literature review illustrating the security in the cloud with respect to privacy, integrity, confidentiality and availability, and it also provides a comparison table illustrating the differences between various security and storage models with respect to the approaches and components of the models offered. This study also compares Naïve Bayes and SVM on the accuracy, recall and precision metrics using the NSL KDD dataset.

A vacuum measurement method of liquefied natural gas vacuum pipeline based on the principle of temperature field.

LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) has widely been used as an efficient and clean energy source. However, the storage and transportation of LNG is a big problem that the vacuum degree is difficult to measure in LNG pipeline transportation, especially without the vacuum test port. A measurement method for the vacuum degree of the LNG pipeline based on the second law of thermodynamics (the principle of temperature field) was proposed, and the vacuum degree of the pipeline was measured in this paper. The vacuum degree was obtained as a function of the ambient temperature T0 and the outer wall temperature T1 of the outer tube. The feasibility of this method was verified through test bench and field experiments, and the functional expressions of the outer wall temperature of the outer pipe and pipeline vacuum degree at 22, 24, and 26 °C were combined and verified, which provided a powerful way for measuring LNG pipeline vacuum.