Bidar District Research Articles

An Organization Study on DCC Bank Bidar

Exposure visit to Bidar District Cooperative Central Bank to study the PACs - SHG Model. The case illustrates how the Primary Agricultural Societies through SHGs have helped in uplifting the socio-economic standards of the disadvantaged people. Trend setter for the entire cooperative in the country. Promoted large number of shg's.

Evaluation of Mass Drug Administration with Albendazole against Lymphatic Filariasis in Bidar district, Karnataka

Introduction: Lymphatic Filariasis is one of the most debilitating and disfiguring disease and is a major public health problem in India. Government of India had set the goal of elimination of disease by 2015 and Mass Drug Administration (MDA) is recognized as the main strategy to achieve it. Albendazole in combination with Diethyl carbamazine proved to have both long-term effectiveness in decreasing microfilaraemia and adult filarial worm antigen levels. Objective of Study: To estimate coverage and compliance to Mass Drug Administration (MDA) with Albendazole in Bidar District. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional evaluation survey was conducted in the month of September 2016 in Bidar district using multi-stage cluster sampling technique. A total of 744 subjects were interviewed and information about intake of Albendazole was collected in a predesigned questionnaire after taking an informed consent. Data thus obtained were entered and analyzed using Epi info software version 3.5.4. Results: The coverage, compliance and effective compliance to Albendazole as a part of MDA in Bidar district were 82.5%, 72.2% and 59.6% respectively. Among those who have received, only 39.3% have taken Albendazole by DOTS (Directly observed treatment). Conclusion: The present study demonstrates poor compliance to Albendazole during MDA campaign in Bidar district, emphasizing the need to emphasize on DOT method of drug administration for better compliance. Keywords: Albendazole, Compliance, Filariasis, Mass drug administration.

Prevalence of asymptomatic urinary tract infection due to escherichia coli among pregnant women attending ANC clinic at BRIMS teaching hospital

Introduction: Urinary tract infection (UTI) due to Escherichia coli (E. coli) is a common health problem among women. Pregnant women are at increased risk from both symptomatic and asymptomatic UTI because of the physiologic changes associated with pregnancy which may cause complications such as pyelonephritis, chronic renal failure, premature delivery and foetal mortality. Our study aimed to check the prevalence of asymptomatic UTI due to E. coli and its antibiotic profile among pregnant women of Bidar district of North Karnataka, India. Materials and Methods: An independent study was done from January to February 2015 to investigate asymptomatic UTI among pregnant women attending Antenatal care clinic (ANC) of Bidar Institute of Medical sciences (BRIMS) Teaching hospital Bidar. 150 mid-stream urine samples were processed for culture and antimicrobial drug susceptibility testing at Department of Microbiology, BRIMS, Bidar as per the routine microbiological techniques. Diagnosis of UTI was made when there were at least 105 colony forming unit (CFU)/ml of urine. Isolates other than E. coli are not considered for this study. Results: Among 150 samples tested, 65 samples grown E. coli with colony count of 105 CFU/ml of urine. (43.33%).The Majority of pregnant women were in their 2nd and 3rd trimester and the mean age of study population was 23.46. The rate of UTI was highest among age group of 20-25 years. E. coli isolates showed highest resistance to antibiotics Ampicillin (96.92%), Cefuroxime (55.38%) and ceftriaxone (53.85%). It was uniformly sensitive to routinely used drugs for treatment of UTI. Discussion: Many Gram negative and Gram positive organisms including Yeast cause UTI in pregnant women. Our study revealed the high prevalence of asymptomatic UTI among pregnant women due to E. coli in Bidar (43.33%) as compared to studies conducted in other parts Karnataka. This study also showed the antibiotic profile of E. coli to different drugs tested and showed highe

Seroprevalence of hepatitis b surface antigen infection among outpatients attending a tertiary care centre

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a chronic lifelong infection. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infects more than 400 million people worldwide and is common cause of liver disease and liver cancer. In India, it is estimated that there are 40 million people chronically infected with HBV infection. The current study was conducted to estimate the burden of HBV infection in Bidar district of North Karnataka.The present study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology, Bidar Institute of Medical Sciences, Bidar. A Total 12,142 samples were tested by one step Immunochromatographic method for rapid detection of HBsAg to diagnose the infection.Among 12,142 samples tested, 284 samples were positive for HBsAg with prevalence rate of 2.34%. Age, gender and month wise distribution of infection was studied.This study highlights the prevalence and burden of HBV infection in Bidar district of North Karnataka. Which provide reference to future studies on the epidemiology of HBV infection in this region.

Biochemical studies on electrophoretic banding pattern among the different isolates of Colletotrichum capsici causing fruit rot in chilli

Ten isolates of Colletotrichum capsici collected from different regions of Vidarbha and Marathwada (Maharashtra), Bidar district (Karnataka) and Guntur district (Andra Pradesh) showing varied type of pathogenic ability against chilli variety Jayanti and designated as strongly, moderately and weakly pathogenic on the basis of per cent leaf area covered by the disease. Electrophoresis pattern of polyphenol oxidase, esterase and protein have been used to estimate the polymorphism in different fungal populations or species. Therefore, studies were undertaken to know the biochemical variation among the isolates of C. capsici in the form of appearance of isozyme and protein banding pattern on polyacrylamide gel. Electrophoretic protein banding pattern revealed that, Rm values ranged between 0.208 to 0.725 possessing 1 to 4 bands. Isolates among weakly to highly pathogenic, 5 isolates exhibited one band each, while two bands each were existed in 3 isolates. Three bands of Cc6 (Rm value 0.208, 0.350 and 0.725) relates to strongly pathogenic. Polyphenol oxidase isozyme was estimated and Rm values were observed from 0.057 to 0.192, possessing 2 to 3 bands. Eight isolates showed presence of 3 bands each whereas, 2 isolates exhibited 2 bands with Rm values 0.142 and 0.192. Esterase isozyme pattern was observed in all the test isolates of C. capsici and Rm values ranged from 0.048 to 0.544 possessing 3 to 4 bands.

Ethnomedicobotany: Exploration of wild biodiversity for immune boosting and others in communities of dry districts of Karnataka, India

Bidar, Raichur and Vijayapura are the three dry districts among others of eastern planes of Karnataka. The forest divisions are corresponding to the districts. They are comparatively backward districts with poverty abundant and with poor medical infrastructure to deal with epidemics like Covid-19 and likewise. The districts experience dry spells frequently but traversed with the major Krishna, Tungabhadra rivers and experience floods, makes population more vulnerable to diseases and epidemics. In spite of dry and rocky terrains, they are abundantly rich in ethnic floral biodiversity. Large numbers of highly traded medicinal plants have been reported. The districts are prone with the biotic pressure on wild herbals mainly of sheep and goats. About 381 species in Bidar; 273 Species in Raichur and 127 species in Vijayapura have been recorded. Many rare and threatened species as per the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) have also been reported from these divisions. Large numbers of taxa of medicinal properties including highly traded species are found in the districts. The medicinal efficacy of dry zone wild species is considered as very high. The use of herbal combinations for immunity boosting will reduce the pressure from medical infrastructure and increase quality of life. The forests of Bidar district are found having better wild herbal biodiversity, site quality and may be considered immune boosting centre. Ocimum sanctum, considered as one of the best immune boosters of high efficacy is widely found in all the forests of three divisions. The Ayush department of the State may take note of it. Based on the assessment certain areas have been recommended for gene pool conservation for medicinal plants. The percentages of herbs of medicinal value in the floral population are found high in these districts. The study has also laid stress on estimation of herbal medicinal resources for better management.

Adoption of Green Fodder Production Practices in Watersheds of Bidar District, Karnataka

An ex-post-facto study was conducted to know the adoption status of green fodder production, reasons for adoption or non-adoption, and constraints faced by using a pretested interview schedule through personal interview method. The study involved 120 respondents of Bidar District , Karnataka, which revealed that the majority of the respondents were non-adopters of fodder production practices followed by adopters (38%). Although this adoption seems to be low, it should be further noted that the status of fodder adoption had improved over the period, which might be due to the implementation of KWDP-Sujala-III project activities in the study area. Further, this study has also focused on the reasons for adoption, non-adoption, and discontinuation of fodder production practices. The study also revealed that farmers faced constraints like scarcity of water, non-availability of inputs, lack of knowledge, etc. in the study area. The study concluded that there is a need to maximize participatory demonstrations and capacity building programs to make the farmers adopt fodder production practices through need-based and demand-driven research and extension approaches for improved dairy production.

Mental Alertness, Self-esteem and Emotional Intelligence of Underprivileged Students: A Remedial Intervention Program

Aim: To assess the remedial training intervention on mental alertness, self-esteem, emotional intelligence of underprivileged.
 Study Design: The present study is experimental design and adopts remedial intervention program.
 Place and Duration of Study: Underprivileged students of high school (Bidar district of North Karnataka, India).
 Methodology: Underprivileged students of 9th standard were selected from Government high schools located in Bidar district using the purposive sampling technique and in the first phase, the pre-test was conducted and based on the results the intervention program over a period of six months was conducted. Mental alertness scale developed by Srivastava [1] self-esteem scale developed by Prasad Thakur [2] and emotional intelligence developed by Shettal Prasad [3]. The questionnaires were administered in both phases i.e. pre-test and post-test.
 Sample: Underprivileged students 120 studying at 9th grade were included both boys and girls.
 Results: Paired t-test was used for data analysis and it was found that there is a significant difference in mental alertness, self-esteem and emotional intelligence of underprivileged in post-test; this means remedial intervention training has an effect on students learning process.
 Conclusion: The remedial intervention program has an effect on mental alertness, self-esteem and emotional intelligence. Therefore, underprivileged students’ needs special care and attention for their learning process as they are lack in proper parenting style and hence such remedial program can be planned based upon the students’ academic achievements and this should be the major part of the school curriculum for underprivileged.

Decomposition analysis of safflower production in India

The present study was an attempt to analyze the growth performance of total oilseeds in India and relativecontribution of area and yield on production of safflower in particular using secondary data. The results indicated that during the study period (2005-06 to 2017-18) area under almost all the crops except soybean had declined whereas production declined only in case of sunflower (-13.40 %), safflower (-7.41 %) and niger seed (-2.85 %). Further, a detailed district wise analysis of safflower revealed that the area was the major contributor (56.94 %) for the decline in production of safflower in Belgaum district. The contribution of productivity was remarkable in Bidar district (572 %). In Period–I, productivity effect was high in the case of Osmanabad (114 %) and Parbhani (110 %) districts and in Period- II, interaction effect was high in the case of Hingoli district (566.20 %).

Effect of nutrient management approaches on seed yield and nutrient uptake of soybean-sorghum based cropping system

The improvement in seed yield characters was the manifestation of improved growth characters as a result of higher uptake of nutrients caused by balanced supply of nutrients in this regard soil test based nutrient management approaches aims provide a scientific basis for balanced fertilization to obtain more yield per unit of fertilizer investment. An experiment was conducted during kharif and rabi seasons of 2017-18 and 2018-19 at Agricultural Research Station, Janwada, Bidar district, which comes under the jurisdiction of University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur, to study the soil test based nutrient management approaches on seed yield and nutrient uptake of soybean-sorghum cropping sequence. Pooled results indicate that maximum seed yield (27.82q ha-1) was recorded with application of nutrients as per SSNM approach for targeted yield of 30q ha-1+25kg FeSO4 5H2O ha-1 in soybean. Similarly maximum sorghum grain yield (1210kg ha-1) was recorded with the residual effect of nutrients through SSNM approach for targeted yield of 30q ha-1 +25kg FeSO4 5H2O ha-1 and higher uptake of nutrients (seed +haulm) viz., nitrogen (231.99kg ha-1), phosphorus (17.17kg ha-1), potassium (90.04kg ha-1) sulphur (55.82kg ha-1), zinc (159.36g ha-1), iron (3035.2g ha-1), and), boron (75.88g ha-1) by soybean. Similarly higher uptake of nutrients (grain +stover) viz., nitrogen (22.83kg ha-1), phosphorus (9.64kg ha-1), potassium (29.43kg ha-1), sulphur (2.68kg ha-1), zinc (49.70g ha-1),), iron (121.04g ha-1), and), boron (20.98g ha-1) by sorghum was recorded with residual effect of nutrients through SSNM approach targeted yield of 30q ha-1 +25kg FeSO4 5H2O ha-1 as compared to absolute control, RDF, and other soil test methods.

Supply chain managemengt of fruits: A case study on marketing channels of mango in Bidar district, Karnataka

In the Era of stimulating growth, economic development and ever growing purchasing power of Indian consumer and induction of National horticulture mission by government of India as horticulture is significantly contributing to the Indian GDP and is planned to double the production of horticulture crops. What is required is the review, explore and channelize and have a good market structure essential for the success of the programs implemented by the government which are designed for uplift of population in whole. Indian market is dominated by unorganized retailing due to which there is heavy loss and escalation in the prices of commodities. This study is focused on determining the existence of different supply chains in the Bidar district of Karnataka involved in marketing of mangoes. The study is conducted by the structured questionaries for the different intermediaries. It involve knowing the existing marketing chains in the district, Problem faced by the intermediaries involved in the marketing of mangoes and fruits in general and the value addition to the products, post-harvest facilities present in the district involvement of the APMC for fruit marketing and its reach and profit to the famers. There is no post-harvest facilities and separate APMC regulated fruit market, co-operative marketing facility is not there and involvement of intermediaries is escalating he price of the produce and producers share in consumer price is very less.

Response of soil test based nutrient management approaches on growth and yield of soybean in soybean- sorghum based cropping system

An experiment was conducted during kharif and rabi seasons of 2017-18 and 2019-20 at Agricultural Research Station, Janwada farm, Bidar district, to identify the suitable nutrient management approaches for enhancing production potentials of soybean-sorghum cropping system. The experiment consisted of thirteen treatments with application of different category of nutrients as per soil test based nutrient management approaches including absolute control and RDF. Significantly higher seed (54.73 q ha-1) and haulm (68.38 q ha-1) yield of soybean was recorded in SSNM approach targeted yield of 30 q ha-1 + 25 kg FeSO4 5H2O ha-1 (T13) and the increase was to an extent of 65.81 and 36.54 Percent, respectively when compared to absolute control. The increase in seed and haulm yield of soybean in T13 could be due to the maximum plant height (cm), leaves plant-1, branches plant-1, total dry matter production (g plant-1) and nodules plant-1 of soybean as influenced by nutrient management approaches in conjugation with iron at different growth stages.

Virulence factors and antibiogram of Escherichia coli - The causative agent of urinary tract infection among pregnant women of Bidar district

Virulence factors and antibiogram of Escherichia coli - The causative agent of urinary tract infection among pregnant women of Bidar district

Optimum Cropping Pattern for Farmers of Bidar District, Karnataka

In the present study optimal solutions were found for net farm returns using Linear Programming model on the sample farmers of Bidar District.The LINGO 17.0 package was used to get the solutions. The sample was of 120 small and large farmers collected from 15 villages from five Tehsils. From each village eight farmers comprising small and large farmers were selected. A total of EIGHT models were developed. They were classified as small farmers S1, S2, S3, S4 and large farmers L1, L2, L3, and L4. The results were compared with existing cropping pattern of small and large farmers. The model S1, small farmers with existing technology and restricted capital registered an increase of in net returns per hectare by 27%, S2 small farmer with existing technology and relaxed capital, returns increased by 34%, S3 small farmer with recommended technology and restricted capital, returns increased by 55%, S4 small farmer with recommended technology and relaxed capital, the returns increased by 65% per hectare. Similarly the net returns per hectare in case of large farmers L1, L2, L3, L4 increased by 47%, 65%, 49%, 76% respectively. The impact of credit on net farm returns in small farmers was Rs: 8322 and the same in large farmers was Rs: 615276. The impact of credit on employment was seen in large farmers in terms of tractor power which rose to 256% followed by man days labour which was increased to 224 percent. It was noted that credit played an important role in augmenting income of farmers; the credit required was directly related to farm size while credit on income inversely related to farm size.

Earthworm Diversity in Laterite and Regur Soil of Deccan Trap of Hyderabad–Karnataka Region, Karnataka, India

Earthworm survey was conducted across Bidar district that contains solidified lava and forms the part of Deccan trap of Hyderabad–Karnataka Region. Earthworm samples along with their habitat soil were collected by digging and hand sorting method from the selected spots like gutter, garbage, near bore well, near tap, garden, pasture, drainage system and fields. Ten different species of earthworms were identified viz., Eudrilus eugeniae of the family EUDRILIDAE; Lampito mauritii and Perionyx sansibaricus of the family MEGASCOLECIDAE; Dichogaster bolaui, D. modiglianii, Eudichogaster ashworthi, E. prashadi, E. poonensis, Octochaetona beatrix and O. paliensis of the family OCTOCHAETIDAE. Among these the genus Eudichogaster is found to be the most dominant and widely distributed earthworm in Bidar district. Eudichogaster poonensis is reported for the first time from South India. Soil chemical characteristics of their habitat were pH 6.7–8, electrical conductivity (EC) 0.28–1.16 mohs/cm, organic carbon (OC) 0.75–3.54%, nitrogen (N) 25.2–118 kg/acre, phosphorous (P) 6.6–48.8 kg/acre and potassium (K) 79–354 kg/acre. Earthworms inhabiting in the laterite soil showed wider range in the soil chemical characteristics, pH ranged from slightly acidic to alkaline; whereas earthworms inhabiting in regur soil of this region showed narrow range in the soil chemical characteristics.

Socio-Economic Status of Ethnoveterinary Practitioners of Bidar District, Karnataka State

Socio-Economic Status of Ethnoveterinary Practitioners of Bidar District, Karnataka State

Traditional agroforestry systems and biodiversity conservation

A survey was made to assess the biodiversity in traditional based agroforestry systems under rainfed agroecological situation in north eastern part of Karnataka, India and 27 tree species belonging to 15 families were recorded. Fabaceae was found to be the predominant family accounting for 11 species followed by Meliaceae and Rutaceae with 2 species each while other families had one species each. However, higher tree density per hectare was observed in Azadiractha indica (19.71) belonging to Meliaceae. Among the 27 species Sandal wood and Stain wood were listed in IUCN red list as threatened species. The highest number of families and species were observed in Koppal (11 and 20, respectively) closely followed by Yadgir district (10 and 20, respectively) while lower number of plant families and species were observed in Bidar district (6 and 11, respectively). Most of the species were used for timber (55.56%) purpose followed by fodder (48.15%), while 7.1 per cent were maintained for religious reasons.

Dealing of Data Pre-processing with Computational Intelligence for Sampling and Analysis of Soil-Case Bidar District-Karnataka.

Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery becomes buzzwords from last two decades. Data Mining as we all know its trending industry in Data Analytics and knowledge representation. This research article initiates novel approach of how Data Mining can be relatively used in Agricultural domain and their applications more dominant in the specified area of soil classification and soil fertility. Now Data Analysis is becoming part of our life why can’t we consider our own farmers to empower them to use more knowledge-oriented techniques to yield the good crop. I have taken Bidar District in Karnataka for soil Sampling and Analysis of Soil. Data pre-processing is challenging, important and critical step in the data mining process and it has enormous scope and it directly impacts the success of data mining process. There are many pre-processing techniques but which one makes better selection for agricultural data sets is vital task of the computational challenges that needs to address and incorporate more suitable one for the better representation of knowledge in soil sampling and analysis.

Characterization of Nandidurga and Bidri goat populations of Karnataka

Nandidurga and Bidri goat populations are known to exist in Karnataka but were not studied earlier. Phenotypic as well as genetic characterization revealed these two goat populations to be uniform and distinct from other neighbouring goats. Bidri is a medium sized black goat with higher fecundity and are distributed in Bidar district of Karnataka and adjoining areas. Bidri is meat type goat with 50% dressing percentage. Nandidurga is white coloured and distributed in Chitradurga district of Karnataka. This is also meat type goat with similar dressing percentage. Both these populations have higher fecundity and twinning is very common. Reasonable polymorphism in Bidri goats was evident as mean number of observed alleles was 8.48±0.88 with ILSTS033 showing the highest (16) allele number per locus. Expected number of alleles varied from 1.043 (OarJMP29) to 8.804 (OMHC1) with mean of 3.58±0.44. Similarly, Nandidurga population had 8.22±0.66 mean observed number of alleles. Estimates of observed heterozygosity (0.58±0.06 and 0.60±0.05 for Bidri and Nandidurga respectively) confirmed the sufficient level of diversity in the two populations. Heterozygote deficit in these populations was also not significant being 2.5% in Nandidurga and 3.9% in Bidri goats. Distinctness of the two goat populations can be assumed on the basis of assignment tests and principal coordinate analyses. This information on the genetic analysis can be used in conjunction with the information on physical and phenotypic characteristics and management practices for registration of these populations as breeds.

Evaluation of mass drug administration against lymphatic filariasis in Bidar district, Karnataka, India

Background: Lymphatic filariasis is a major public health problem in India not only because it causes considerable suffering, deformity and disability but also due to social stigma and economic loss associated with it. The Government of India in 2004 began a nationwide mass drug administration (MDA) campaign in all the known endemic districts with the aim of eliminating it as a public health problem. However, even after a decade, uncertainty prevails about the coverage and compliance to MDA. Objectives of the study were to estimate coverage and compliance to mass drug administration (MDA) in Bidar district and to identify the various reasons for non-compliance to MDA.Methods: A cross sectional evaluation survey was conducted in the month of September 2016 in Bidar district using multi-stage cluster sampling technique. A total of 744 subjects were interviewed and information was collected in a predesigned questionnaire after taking an informed consent. Data thus obtained were entered and analyzed using Epi info software version 3.5.4.Results: The coverage, compliance and effective compliance to MDA in Bidar district were 82.1%, 72.3% and 59.4% respectively. The most common reasons for non-compliance to MDA were fear of side reactions followed by suffering from other chronic diseases and having no faith in tablets. The most common side reactions associated with drug intake were vomiting and fever.Conclusions: The present study demonstrates poor compliance to MDA in Bidar district despite good coverage, indicating an urgent need to revitalize the programme implementation.