Abstract
In the present study optimal solutions were found for net farm returns using Linear Programming model on the sample farmers of Bidar District.The LINGO 17.0 package was used to get the solutions. The sample was of 120 small and large farmers collected from 15 villages from five Tehsils. From each village eight farmers comprising small and large farmers were selected. A total of EIGHT models were developed. They were classified as small farmers S1, S2, S3, S4 and large farmers L1, L2, L3, and L4. The results were compared with existing cropping pattern of small and large farmers. The model S1, small farmers with existing technology and restricted capital registered an increase of in net returns per hectare by 27%, S2 small farmer with existing technology and relaxed capital, returns increased by 34%, S3 small farmer with recommended technology and restricted capital, returns increased by 55%, S4 small farmer with recommended technology and relaxed capital, the returns increased by 65% per hectare. Similarly the net returns per hectare in case of large farmers L1, L2, L3, L4 increased by 47%, 65%, 49%, 76% respectively. The impact of credit on net farm returns in small farmers was Rs: 8322 and the same in large farmers was Rs: 615276. The impact of credit on employment was seen in large farmers in terms of tractor power which rose to 256% followed by man days labour which was increased to 224 percent. It was noted that credit played an important role in augmenting income of farmers; the credit required was directly related to farm size while credit on income inversely related to farm size.
Highlights
Agriculture plays an important role in shaping economy of our country
In model S3, under recommended technology with restricted capital black gram and soya bean emerged as optimal solutions in kharif dry land with 72% and 18% cropped area respectively while large amount of land 0.41 hectares (80%) was left fallow which may be due to restrictions imposed on capital and only 20% of area was occupied by Bengal gram in kharif irrigated land
The study has brought out that there is a immense scope for increasing the net farm returns on both dry land and irrigated farm lands through reorganization of resources
Summary
Agriculture plays an important role in shaping economy of our country. Its contribution to Gross Domestic Products (GDP) back in 1970 was about 44% has reduced to 15% in 2018, thanks to other sectors such as services. An attempt has been made to analyze possibilities and prospects of increasing net farm income by rational allocation of resources through optimum production pattern, the objective of which is to ascertain existing resource pattern, develop optimum combination of resources for different models and compare with existing pattern. The resources available for farm production were considered as constraints which are taken as: a) Land: Irrigated and Dry Land (e.g. kharif irrigated, kharif dry land, rabi irrigated and rabi and rabi dry land) b) Human Labour : level of human labour for family and hired c) bullock labour : available labour during peak period d) Tractor power: some farmers are hiring tractor power and included in the model. The objective of the model was to maximize net annual returns on farm subject to resource constraints specified earlier. The harvest prices were taken as output prices and the actual market prices of input at the time of application were taken as input prices
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