Bibb County Research Articles

First North American species of the European genus <i>Archaemegaptilus</i> from the Upper Carboniferous Pottsville Formation of northern Alabama (Palaeodictyoptera: Archaemegaptilidae)

A new palaeodictyopteran (Palaeodictyopterida: Palaeodictyoptera) taxon is described based on a nearly complete hind wing found in the Pottsville Formation (Upper Carboniferous) of Bibb County, Alabama. Archaemegaptilus blakelyi Beckemeyer & Engel, new species, is the sixth insect genus and species described from the Pottsville of Alabama and the second palaeodictyopteran from those deposits. It is the third valid species assigned to the family Archaemegaptilidae. Previously known species are A. kiefferi Meunier, from the Commentry of France and A. schloesseri Brauckmann et al., from the Hagen-Vorhalle of Germany.

Origins of an Unmarked Georgia Cemetery Using Ancient DNA Analysis.

Determining the origins of those buried within undocumented cemeteries is of incredible importance to historical archaeologists and, in many cases, the nearby communities. In the case of Avondale Burial Place, a cemetery in Bibb County, Georgia, in use from 1820 to 1950, all written documentation of those interred within it has been lost. Osteological and archaeological evidence alone could not describe, with confidence, the ancestral origins of the 101 individuals buried there. In the present study, we used ancient DNA extraction methods in well-preserved skeletal fragments from 20 individuals buried in Avondale Burial Place to investigate the origins of the cemetery. Through examination of hypervariable region I (HVR1) in the mitochondrial genome (mtDNA), we determined haplotypes for all 20 of these individuals. Eighteen of these individuals belong to the L or U haplogroups, suggesting that Avondale Burial Place was most likely used primarily as a resting place for African Americans. After the surrounding Bibb County community expressed interest in investigating potential ancestral relationships to those within the cemetery, eight potential descendants provided saliva to obtain mtDNA HVR1 information. Three individuals from Avondale Burial Place matched three individuals with oral history ties to the cemetery. Using the online tool EMPOP, we calculated the likelihood of these exact matches occurring by chance alone (< 1%). The present findings exhibit the importance of genetic analysis of cemetery origins when archaeological and osteological data are inconclusive for estimating ancestry of anonymous historical individuals.

The Cotton Mill Village Turned City

In the latter part of the nineteenth and early part of the twentieth centuries, the dominance of the cotton economy was reflected in the growth of textile mills throughout the U.S. South. In Georgia, the number of cotton mills doubled between 1860 and 1900, providing work for down-on-their-luck sharecroppers who needed a regular paycheck. A few of these geographically tiny mill villages, built by mill owners to house the influx of mill workers, were incorporated into official cities in the first two decades of the twentieth century and continue to exist today, despite their small size, economic challenges, and efforts at consolidation. This article examines three of these Georgia mill villages-turned-cities: Aldora in Lamar County, Payne City in Bibb County, and Riverside in Colquitt County. The research focuses on why these cities, adjacent to or within another city, incorporated in the first place and why they continue to maintain governments that at first glance appear to provide little added value to their citizens.

A pilot registry of unexplained fatiguing illnesses and chronic fatigue syndrome

BackgroundChronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) has no diagnostic clinical signs or biomarkers, so diagnosis requires ruling out conditions with similar signs and symptoms. We conducted a pilot registry of unexplained fatiguing illnesses and CFS to determine the feasibility of establishing and operating a registry and implementing an education outreach initiative. The pilot registry was conducted in Bibb County, Georgia. Patient referrals were obtained from healthcare providers who were identified by using various education outreach initiatives. These referrals were later supplemented with self-referrals by members of a local CFS support group. All patients meeting referral criteria were invited to participate in a screening interview to determine eligibility. If patients met registry criteria, they were invited to a one-day clinic for physical and laboratory evaluations. We classified patients based on the 1994 case definition.ResultsWe registered 827 healthcare providers. Forty-two providers referred 88 patients, and 58 patients (66%) completed clinical evaluation. Of the 188 CFS support group members, 53 were self-referred and 46 (87%) completed the clinical evaluation. Of the 104 participants completing evaluation, 36% (n = 37) met the criteria for CFS, 17% (n = 18) had insufficient fatigue or symptoms (ISF), and 47% (n = 49) were found to have exclusionary medical or psychiatric illnesses. Classification varied significantly by type of referral but not by previous history of CFS diagnosis. Healthcare providers referred more patients who were classified as CFS as compared to support group referrals in which more exclusionary conditions were identified. Family practice and internal medicine specialties made the most referrals and had the highest number of CFS cases. We conducted three CME events, held three “Meet and Greet” sessions, visited four large clinical health practices and health departments, mailed five registry newsletters, and conducted in-person office visits as part of education outreach, which contributed to patient referrals.ConclusionsReferrals from healthcare providers and self-referrals from the patient support group were important to registry enrollment. The number of potentially treatable conditions that were identified highlights the need for continued medical management in this population, as well as the limitations of registries formed without clinical examination. Education initiatives were successful in part because of partnerships with local organizations.

Presence or absence of carinae in closely related populations of Leptoxis ampla (Anthony, 1855) (Gastropoda: Cerithioidea: Pleuroceridae) is not the result of ecophenotypic plasticity

Ecophenotypic plasticity, or nonheritable variation of the phenotype with local conditions, has been invoked in order to partly explain conchological differences within freshwater snail species as responses to fluvial conditions and stream size (Adams, 1915; Lam & Calow, 1988; Minton, Norwood & Hayes, 2008; Minton et al., 2011), river substrate (Urabe, 1998, 2000) and presence or absence of predators (Holomuzki & Biggs, 2006; Hoverman & Relyea, 2007; Lakowitz, Bronmark & Nystrom, 2008). In the freshwater gastropod family Pleuroceridae, Dillon (2011) and Dillon & Robinson (2011) used similarities in allozyme loci to conclude that conchological differences (e.g. presence or absence of carinae, slenderness or robustness of shells) in multiple species of Pleurocera and Elimia were attributable to intraspecific ecophenotypic plasticity. However, no analysis of shell morphology was performed by Dillon (2011) or Dillon & Robinson (2011) to test for either an ecophenotypic or genetic component of the observed variation. In order to understand the effects of ecophenotypic plasticity on the presence or absence of carinae on the shell of one species of Pleuroceridae, we cultured two populations of Leptoxis ampla (Anthony, 1855), one with a carinate shell morphology and one with a smooth shell morphology (Fig. 1). In culture, these snails were exposed to uniform environmental conditions. Therefore, observed morphological differences among juveniles raised from egg to adult were not affected by the environment. Culturing methods are ideal for analysing variation in shell morphology in the Pleuroceridae because not only can environmental conditions be controlled, but complications arising from translocation experiments (such as transfer of disease vectors and the potential for mating with native populations) are avoided. Although culturing methods have not previously been used for studying ecophenotypic plasticity in Pleuroceridae, they have been successfully applied to other freshwater gastropod families such as Planorbidae (Hoverman & Relyea, 2007) and Lymnaeidae (Lam & Calow, 1988; Lakowitz et al., 2008). Leptoxis ampla is a federally threatened pleurocerid restricted to the upper Cahaba River and certain tributaries in central Alabama. Throughout most of its range the shell morphology is smooth (Fig. 1), but one population from the lower Little Cahaba River in Bibb County, AL, USA, possesses a distinct shell phenotype characterized by 3–4 carinae on the upper part of each whorl (Fig. 1). Based on analyses of L. ampla populations cultured in a uniform environment we show that the presence or absence of this discrete character is the result of heritable genetic differences rather than ecophenotypic plasticity. The carinate form of L. ampla from the Little Cahaba River was described as L. mimica (Goodrich, 1922) based on the presence of its distinctive carinae (Fig. 1). This was later synonymized with L. ampla (Fig. 1), because of similarities in overall shell morphology (Burch & Tottenham, 1980). Populations above and below the confluence of the Little Cahaba River and Cahaba River possess a smooth shell morphology. The carinate form was historically found in both the Little Cahaba River and Six Mile Creek in Bibb County, AL, USA (Goodrich, 1922), but recent survey work indicates that it is now restricted to the lower Little Cahaba River (unpublished ADCNR survey data). The morphological pattern seen in L. ampla is not an example of clinal variation as in, for example, Lithasia geniculata (Minton et al., 2008) or Io fluvialis (Adams, 1915), since there is no intergradation in morphology and the carinate form is restricted to a single tributary near the centre of the species’ historical range. In mid-March 2010, we collected 45 adult individuals of L. ampla from the Cahaba River with smooth shells and 45 individuals from the Little Cahaba River with carinate shells and placed them into artificial culture systems at the Alabama Aquatic Biodiversity Center (AABC) in Marion, AL, USA (see Table 1 for locality information). No differences in body pigmentation or shape of egg clutches were observed between populations. Fifteen snails (three replicates per population) were placed in 20-l acrylic tanks equipped with 0.84-cm bulkhead fittings allowing constant exchange of well water acclimated to ambient outdoor temperature (c. 8 l/h). Each 20-l culture tank had water from a shared source, but independent aeration and drainage. A 15 l/min powerhead attached to each tank lid created a constant flow regime. Females in all treatments attached eggs to tank walls in concentric clutches from late March to early June 2010. Within 90 d of hatching, cultured juveniles from each population showed the same phenotype as their parental population

Quantitative Data Analysis of Multiple Factors Associated With Low Birth Weight in Bibb County, Georgia

Objective: This study aims to identify and evaluate significant risk factors associated with low birth weight in Bibb County, Georgia.

The biunguis species group of Eutarsopolipus (Acari: Podapolipidae), redescription of the larval female of Eutarsopolipus lindquisti husband and new distribution records from the United States

Eutarsopolipus in the biunguis group, defined by Regenfuss (1968), are compared with species in the biunguis group added since 1968. Eutarsopolipus lindquisti Husband, 1998, known only from Arkona, Ontario, Canada is reported from the U.S.A. for the first time from Bibb County, Alabama and Des Moines, Iowa. The paratype of the larval female of E. lindquisti lacks a gnathosoma and is twisted. Complete larval females from Agonum extensicolle Say (Coleoptera) from Alabama and Iowa are compared with the type specimen of E. lindquisti and the larval female is redescribed. A revised key for nine species in the biunguis group of Eutarsopolipus is presented.

Life History Aspects of the Black Madtom, Noturus funebris (Siluriformes: Ictaluridae), in the Cahaba River Drainage, Central Alabama, USA

ABSTRACT The black madtom (Noturus funebris) is a diminutive catfish (maximum standard length 124 mm) found throughout the southeastern United States. Life history aspects of N. funebris were examined using 298 specimens from Blue Girth Creek, a sand-bottomed second-order tributary to the Cahaba River in Bibb County, Alabama, collected in 1987–1988. Noturus funebris was associated with undercut banks, root masses, and woody debris. The youngest reproductive female was 3 years old. Noturus funebris produces many eggs (mean = 109 ova per female) compared to other species within the subgenus Schilbeodes; however, relative fecundity (oocytes per g body weight) indicated a lower relative position in the subgenus. Analysis of gonads and presence of young-of-the-year indicated a spawning season from late June to August. One nest of N. funebris was collected in July 1988 in a glass bottle with 70 eggs. Sex ratio was nearly 1:1. In summer 2005, placement of 30 clay flowerpots as in-stream artificial nesting cavities yielded no additional nests, which suggested a preference for smaller, closed cavities. Analysis of stomach contents indicated a similar diet to other Noturus species, which consisted mainly of decapods and larvae of dipterans, mayflies, and caddisflies. Odonates made up the higher percent of diet volume in winter, crayfish in the spring, and plant material in the summer. Length-frequency data indicated four size (age) classes, with most individuals in the age 0+ and other classes containing similar proportions of individuals. A potential age-4 class consisted of three individuals greater than 108 mm SL.

Security Bank Corp

AbstractCommercial Banking (MIC: SIC: 6022 NAIC: 522110)Security Bank is a bank holding company. Through its wholly‐owned subsidiaries, Security Bank of Bibb County, Security Bank of Houston County, Security Bank of Jones County, Security Bank of North Metro, Security Bank of North Fulton, and Security Bank of Gwinnett County (collectively known as the Banks), Co. is engaged in providing community banking services. The banks provide a range of retail and commercial banking products and services, as well as investment management and financial planning services through its wholly‐owned subsidiary, CFS Wealth Management. As of Dec 31 2007, Co. had total assets of about $2.83 billion and total deposits of approximately $2.30 billion.

Security Bank Corp

AbstractCommercial Banking (MIC: SIC: 6022 NAIC: 522110)Security Bank is a bank holding company. Through its wholly‐owned subsidiaries, Security Bank of Bibb County, Security Bank of Houston County, Security Bank of Jones County, Security Bank of North Metro, Security Bank of North Fulton, and Security Bank of Gwinnett County (collectively known as the Banks), Co. is engaged in providing community banking services. The banks provide a range of retail and commercial banking products and services, as well as investment management and financial planning services through its wholly‐owned subsidiary, CFS Wealth Management. As of Dec 31 2007, Co. had total assets of about $2.83 billion and total deposits of approximately $2.30 billion.

Security Bank Corp

AbstractCommercial Banking (MIC: 8.1 SIC: 6022 NAIC: 522110)Security Bank is a bank holding company. Through its wholly‐owned subsidiaries, Security Bank of Bibb County, Security Bank of Houston County, Security Bank of Jones County, Security Bank of North Metro, Security Bank of North Fulton, and Security Bank of Gwinnett County (collectively known as the Banks), Co. is engaged in providing community banking services. The banks provide retail and commercial banking services for consumers and small to medium size businesses mainly in central and coastal Georgia, and in limited parts of the north metropolitan Atlanta area. As of Dec 31 2007, Co. had total assets of about $2.83 billion and total deposits of approximately $2.30 billion.

Supervision in Georgia Public Schools

No AccessPerspectives on Administration and SupervisionArticle1 Jun 2003Supervision in Georgia Public Schools Kelly Van Wyck-Smith Kelly Van Wyck-Smith Bibb County Public School SystemMacon, GA Google Scholar More articles by this author https://doi.org/10.1044/aas13.2.16 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationTrack Citations ShareFacebookTwitterLinked In References ASHA. (1997). Trends and issues in school reform and their effects of speech-language pathologists, audiologists and students with communication disorders.ASHA Desk Reference, Vol. 4, 310–320. Google Scholar ASHA. (1999). Guidelines for the roles and responsibilities of the school-based speech-language pathologist. Rock-ville, MD: Author. Google Scholar ASHA. (2000). ASHA 2000 schools survey: Executive summary. Rockville, MD: Author. Google Scholar Bender, W. N. (2002, April). Brain compatible strategies for the inclusive classroom. Paper presented at the meeting of the Union School and the University of Georgia Collaboration Team, Macon, GA. Google Scholar Berryman, J. D., & Neal, W. R., Jr. (1983). SLP assessment project: 1982–83 final report. Atlanta: Georgia Department of Education. Google Scholar Berryman, J. D., Neal, W. R., Jr., & Callahan, R. (1986). Quality assurance through performance evaluation of school SLPs in Georgia. Atlanta: Georgia Department of Education. Google Scholar Berryman, J. D., Neal, W. R., Jr., & Solomon, L. (1985, November). Accountability in the school setting: Performance evaluation of school speech-language pathologists. Paper presented at the ASHA annual Convention, Seattle. Google Scholar Callahan, R. A., & Reeves, R. K. (1990, November). Annual assessment of school speech-language pathologists by principals/special education directors. Paper presented at the ASHA annual Convention, Seattle. Google Scholar Carroll, D. H. (1997, January). A comparison of clinical supervision and evaluation. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Southwest Educational Research Association, Austin, TX. Google Scholar Georgia Department of Education. (1993). Georgia teacher evaluation program: Evaluation manual: Atlanta: Author. Google Scholar Montgomery, J., & Herer, G. (1994). Future watch: Our schools in the 21st century.Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools, 25, 130–135. LinkGoogle Scholar Pezzei, C. & Oratio, A. R. (1991). A multivariate analysis of the job satisfaction of public school speech-language pathologists.Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools, 22, 139–146. LinkGoogle Scholar Roseberry-McKibbin, C. & Hegde, M. N. (2000). An advanced review of speech-language pathology. Preparation for NESPA and comprehensive examination. Austin, TX: PRO-ED. Google Scholar Sergiovanni, T. J., & Starratt, R. J. (1971). Emerging patterns of supervision: Human perspectives. New York: McGraw-Hill. Google Scholar Shapiro, D. A., & Moses, N. (1989). Creative problem solving in public school supervision.Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools, 20, 320–332. LinkGoogle Scholar Wiles, J., & Bondi, J. (2000). Supervision: A guide to practice (5th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hal. Google Scholar Wong, H. K., & Wong, R. T. (1991). The first days of school. How to be an effective teacher. Sunnyvale, CA: Harry K. Wong Publications. Google Scholar Additional Resources FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 13Issue 2June 2003Pages: 16-22 Get Permissions Add to your Mendeley library History Published in issue: Jun 1, 2003 Metrics Topicsasha-topicsleader-topicsasha-article-typesasha-sigsCopyright & Permissions© 2003 American Speech-Language-Hearing AssociationPDF DownloadLoading ...

Practicing Poetry: Teaching to Learn and Learning to Teach

what I am talking about. My choice of Archibald MacLeish's Ars Poetica is my English major way of affirming that I have a philosophical approach to poetry, that I understand its mysteries, and that I am eager to share what I know on this fine October afternoon. Globed fruit? my students' expressions seem to ask. Really? I learned in the years that followed this scene was that neither my English major nor my methods course had trained me very well to teach poetry to high school students. Gradually I learned how to help my students see that poetry is a celebration of sound and sense, that its music can capture our hearts and minds. So, what did I do in my second year? I began by asking students to recite their favorite poems. Another mistake. Most of them could not recite a poem, and, to my surprise, many of them could not complete the lines of familiar nursery rhymes. Another year I began by asking them to write for a few minutes on What is poetry? I got some surprisingly good answers to that one, the poets in the classroom rhapsodizing on their favorite (and often secret) pastime. Then one year I discovered a gold mine. I opened with Carl Sandburg's Jazz Fantasia; I put students in small groups and sent them off to practice a performance. As I visited the groups in rehearsal, voices buzzed with energy. I heard laughter, spirited suggestions about how to rush this line or slow down that one; I sensed real excitement, even joy. Their subsequent performances were miracles of delight for me as my students launched us into the world of poetry, drumming on our drums, battering on our banjoes, sobbing on our long, cool winding saxophones. We answered Sandburg's invitation to Go to it, O jazzmen (193). Another year I began with David Bottoms's Shooting Rats at the Bibb County Dump as a way of working against my students' misconceptions of appropriate poetic subjects. I've also used the excruciatingly painful and suspenseful experience described in Bottoms's Under the Boathouse for the

Additions to the bryophyte flora of Alabama from two Bibb County nature preserves, including first reports of Plagiochasma crenulatum and Trichostomum brachydontium east of the Mississippi River and other range extensions

Additions to the bryophyte flora of Alabama from two Bibb County nature preserves, including first reports of Plagiochasma crenulatum and Trichostomum brachydontium east of the Mississippi River and other range extensions

Unusual Strain of Borrelia burgdorferi Isolated from Ixodes dentatus in Central Georgia

A new, unusual spirochete was cultured in Barbour-Stoenner-Kelly (BSK II) medium from the midgut and other tissues of the tick Ixodes dentatus. The tick was collected from leaf litter in an oak-pine wood lot in Bibb County approximately 7.2 km from Macon in central Georgia during February 1993. Characterization by indirect immunofluorescence using 5 murine monoclonal antibodies, by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of whole spirochetal lysates, and by polymerase chain reaction assay for several known DNA target sequences indicates that the spirochete is Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato. It is genetically different from the B-31 reference strain of B. burgdorferi sensu stricto that is typical of strains causing Lyme borreliosis in North America. Range of infectivity and pathogenesis of the Bibb County isolate (BC-1) are unknown but being investigated. The BC-1 strain is the first B. burgdorferi isolate from I. dentatus in the southeastern United States (I. dentatus is not the common vector for Lyme borreliosis in humans). Additionally, the collection site was approximately 322 km from the Atlantic coast, far distant from where most B. burgdorferi isolates have been obtained.

Insecticide Evaluation for Control of the Imported Fire Ant in Bibb County, Ga, 1993

Abstract Two broadcast baits, Amdro® and Logic®, were broadcast over respective 2.2 acre plots on 27 May. A Herd Seeder mounted on a Honda ATC was used to apply the baits at 1.5 lb/acre. A third plot (2 acres) was left untreated as a control plot. Applications were made at 5:00 pm. Each plot contained five 0.1 acre circular subplots. These plots were marked with orange surveyor stakes. Pretreatment counts were made on 27 May inside the fifteen subplots. Posttreatment counts were made inside the same fifteen subplots on 27 Jun, 30 Jul, 31 Aug, 29 Sep, 13 Oct, and 17 Nov.

BLUE‐GREEN ALGAL MATS IN A SMALL STREAM1

ABSTRACTBedrock erosional features in a small stream (Little Schultz Creek, Bibb County, Alabama) created a variety of habitats for epilithic growth. One suck habitat was illustrated by the occurrence of small falls (&lt;0.3 m) in the main channel of the stream and blue‐green algal mats associated with them. The cohesive, laminar algal mats were found at 15 such sites along a 250‐m reach of the stream. The primary mat matrix consisted of the blue‐green alga Oscillatoria submembranacea Ardissone and Strafforella. The uppermost portion of each mat consisted of a thin (&lt;1 mm thick) green layer of biologically active filaments. The lower layers were thicker (up to 2 cm thick) and consisted of brown laminae of Oscillatoria filaments, and associated sediments. In addition, numerous diatoms mere associated with the mat surface. Some were loosely attached (e.g. Achnanthes); others (Cymbella tumida (Bréb.) V. H.) were stalked. These mats were present throughout the year and showed a bimodal annual distribution with maxima hi February and July. In February, total mat coverage was higher than in July. This winter maximum may have been related to a mode of growth dependent upon sedimentation from storm events and subsequent upward growth of the alga. Mat primary productivity on an areal basis (432 mg C · m−2· d−1 in March and 907 mg C · M−2· d−1 in April) was 2–12 times the maxima measured on epizoic and cobbles surfaces and other bedrock surfaces in the same stream. The limited areal coverage of the mats, when compared to other surfaces available for algal colonization, made them less important than other epilithic and epizoic surfaces in terms of total primary production in this stream reach. However, we propose that the combination of their unique structure and high primary productivity may make these algal mats sites of high algal and bacterial metabolic activity, which may include anaerobic processes in midchannel, where such activity would not be expected to occur.

Diagenesis of Knox Group (Cambrian-Ordovician) Carbonates Exposed Along Alligator Creek, Bibb County, Alabama: ABSTRACT

Diagenetic products observed in Knox Group carbonates from the Alligator Creek section have been described from thin section and placed into a paragenetic sequence on the basis of cross-cutting relationships. Eogenetic processes include freshwater granular calcite cementation and vug formation in exposed carbonate highlands that developed during relative sea level falls. Later transgressions produced a mixing zone between advancing marine water and interstitial meteoric water. Extensive replacement dolomitization and silicification occurred in the mixing zone, including the formation of silica cements in pore space. Mesogenetic processes produced fractures, stylolites, and pressure seam dolomite. Burial fluids migrated along fractures and through previously formed intercrystalline porosity to produce vugs. Dolomite-bearing fluids later reduced intercrystalline, fracture, and vuggy porosity by precipitating dolomite cement. Folding and thrusting associated with the Allegheny orogeny produced fracturing, brecciation, and calcite mineralization. Blocky calcite cement occluded much of the remaining fracture and vuggy porosity in the section. End_of_Article - Last_Page 1417------------

BLACK AND WHITE IN BIBB COUNTY CLASSROOMS

Click to increase image sizeClick to decrease image size Additional informationNotes on contributorsCordell WynnThe writer is Assistant Superintendent of Schools in Bibb County, Georgia and has been appointed by President Nixon as a member of the Georgia State Advisory Committee for the preservation and improvement of public school education.

Strengthening the sclera with a strip of fascia lata in progressive myopia.

<h3>Background</h3> In 1996, the average number of uninsured children in Bibb County was higher than for the state as a whole. Several key industries had left the area, unemployment had risen, and community-wide effects included declining school performance and child illness. The Bibb County Child Caring Initiative (BCCCI), created by a coalition of interested parties in 1996, coordinated two preexisting federal health plans (Medicaid, All-Kids) and offered insurance to other uninsured children through a state plan. By 2000, the goal of providing health coverage to all children in Bibb County seemed within reach. The present study was conducted as an evaluation of this program. <h3>Objectives</h3> To evaluate the BCCCI program using parent satisfaction and community information on saturation levels as the defining measures. <h3>Methods</h3> Qualitative research methods were used in this study. In 2003, face-to-face interviews were conducted with 248 parents and with 23 key informants (employers, policy-makers, teachers, physicians, and a school nurse). Additionally, two focus groups of parents were conducted for in-depth information on child health insurance in Bibb County. <h3>Results</h3> The total number of uninsured children in Bibb County decreased over the study period and parents were grateful for the opportunity to enroll their children in a health plan. Some discrepancies were reported, such as parents not receiving forms, not knowing about the BCCCI program, lengthy waiting periods, ineligibility, providers who billed patients, and in a few cases, discriminatory practices. <h3>Conclusions</h3> The BCCCI apparently improved access to health care for children in Bibb County. Currently, these gains are being threatened by the fiscal crisis affecting states9 ability to fund insurance plans, unemployment, and rising premiums that affect parents9 ability to provide health insurance for their children.