Bi2S3 Nanorods Research Articles

Gaseous mercury capture using Bi2S3 nanorods decorated ZSM-5 with superior sulfur resistance

Zeolite ZSM-5, as a crystalline microporous material, has attracted widespread interest in diverse research areas because of its big specific surface area, high thermal stability, and shape selectivity. Here, xBi2S3/ZSM-5 compounds is easily synthesized using a molten salt method and employed to capture elemental mercury in the temperature range of 60–260°C. Pristine ZSM-5 displays a weak Hg0 adsorption capability. Bi2S3 decoration can greatly reinforce the mercury adsorption capability of ZSM-5 due to addition of active sulfide species. 20Bi2S3/ZSM-5 with 20 wt% Bi2S3 loading value performs optimally toward Hg° capture associated with a mercury removing efficiency of 90.8–96.5% within 100–140°C. In addition, 20Bi2S3/ZSM-5 is nearly impervious to NO and SO2 with respect to mercury removal. One-dimensional nanorod structure of Bi2S3 and big specific surface area of ZSM-5 probably account for the superior mercury capture performance of xBi2S3/ZSM-5 compounds.

In Situ Implantation of Bi2S3 Nanorods into Porous Quasi-Bi-MOF Architectures: Enabling Synergistic Dissociation of Borohydride for an Efficient and Fast Catalytic Reduction of 4-Nitrophenol.

Catalytic hydrogenation reduction based on sodium borohydride (NaBH4) has gained attention as an appealing "one-stone-two-birds" approach for the simultaneous elimination of nitroaromatic pollutants and the production of high-value aminoaromatics under mild conditions. However, the slow kinetics of NaBH4 dissociation on the surface of catalysts restrict the catalytic hydrogenation reduction efficiency. Herein, we report an intelligent localized sulfidation strategy for an in situ implantation of Bi2S3 nanorods within quasi-Bi-MOF architectures (Bi2S3@quasi-Bi-MOF) by fine-tuning the pyrolysis temperature. In this novel Bi2S3@quasi-Bi-MOF, the porous quasi-Bi-MOF enables efficient adsorption of BH4- and 4-nitrophenol (4-NP), while Bi2S3 facilitates the BH4- dissociation to form Hads* species adsorbed on the catalyst surface. Benefiting from the synergistic structure, Bi2S3@quasi-Bi-MOF exhibits excellent performance for the catalytic reduction of 4-NP, delivering a high turnover frequency (TOF) of 1.67 × 10-4 mmol mg-1 min-1 and an extremely high normalized rate constant (knor) of 435298 s-1 g-1. The kinetic analysis and electrochemical tests indicate that this catalytic hydrogenation reduction follows the Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanism. This study enriches the synthetic strategy of MOF-based derivatives and offers a new catalytic platform for hydrogenation reduction reactions.

Construction of Bi2S3/rGO heterointerfaces for enhanced and tunetable electromagnetic wave absorption

Low conductivity and poor impedance matching are typical challenges for metal chalcogenides to become highly efficient microwave absorbers(MAs). Here, we report efficient MAs composed of Bi2S3 nanorods and rGO. The conductivity of the composite was effectively improved by rGO. In addition, the heterointerfaces and conductive network formed by Bi2S3 nanorods and rGO significantly enhance conductivity and interfacial polarization loss. These loss mechanisms synergistically enhance microwave absorption. The optimal reflection loss among these composites is −21.34 dB with 2.2 mm thickness, and the widest effective absorption bandwidth(EAB) is 6.72 GHz, covering the entire Ku band, X band can be covered after thickness adjustment. The finite element simulation results and radar scattering cross section(RCS) simulation results indicate that Bi2S3/rGO-40 composite has good microwave absorption capability in practical applications. This work provides an essential reference for improving metal chalcogenides MAs to achieve effective electromagnetic wave absorption loss in multiple frequency bands.

In Operando Investigation of the Concentration Dependent NO2 Sensing Mechanism of Bi2S3 Nanorods at Low Temperatures and the Interference of O3.

The demand for gas sensors that can detect gases selectively at low temperatures has increased steadily over recent years. Most devices use semiconducting metal oxides as sensing materials which often require high operation temperatures and suffer from a lack of selectivity. Semiconducting metal sulfides were found to be a reasonable alternative for the application in sensing devices at low temperatures. Since metal sulfides are a relatively new class of materials applied in gas sensors, there is little work on sensing mechanisms and overall sensing characteristics of these materials. In this work, the authors investigated the sensing performance of Bi2S3 nanorods operated at 50 °C in the presence of several target gases and found a selective response to oxidizing gases. With the help of DC resistance measurements, diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy and work function measurements in a Kelvin Probe setup, the NO2 and O3 sensing mechanisms of Bi2S3 nanorods were revealed. While initially sulfur vacancies were the predominant reaction sites, the formation of nitrates became the key reaction in higher NO2 concentrations. Additionally, it was found that the reaction with O3 healed sulfur vacancies effectively inhibiting the reaction with NO2.

Photoelectrochemical immunosensor for RNA methylation detection based on the enhanced photoactivity of Bi2S3 nanorods by g-C3N4 nanosheets

As an emerging analytical technology, photoelectrochemical (PEC) biosensor have attracted widespread attentions for detection of various targets. Herein, a simple, sensitive and selective PEC immunosensor was constructed for RNA methylation detection, where g-C3N4/Bi2S3 with improved photoelectric properties was used as the photoactive material, anti-m6A antibody was employed as target recognition molecule, and the target of m6A RNA was also adopted as photocurrent inhibitor. Under optimal experimental conditions, the immunosensor presented wide linear range from 0.1 − 50 nM and low detection limit of 0.025 nM (S/N = 3). The immunosensor also possessed high stability. Considering the growing threat of heavy metal and antibiotic pollution to food security, the applicability of the develop method was assessed by investigating the effect of Pb2+-antibiotics binary pollutants on RNA methylation level in the leaves and roots of rice seedlings.

Enhancing the Performance of Bi2S3 in Electrocatalytic and Supercapacitor Applications by Controlling Lattice Strain

AbstractLattice‐strained Bi2S3 with 3D hierarchical structures are prepared through a top‐down route by a topotactic transformation. High‐resolution transmission electron microscopy and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) confirm the lattice spacing is expanded by prolonged sulfuration. Performance studies demonstrate that Bi2S3 with the largest lattice expansion (Bi2S3‐9.7%, where 9.7% represents the lattice expansion) exhibits a greater electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activity compared to Bi2S3 and Bi2S3‐3.2%. Density functional theory calculations reveal the expansion of the lattice spacing reduces the bandwidth and upshifts the band center of the Bi 3d orbits, facilitating electron exchange with the S 2p orbits. The resultant intrinsic electronic configuration exhibits favorable H* adsorption kinetics and a reduced energy barrier for water dissociation in hydrogen evolution. Operando Raman and post‐mortem characterizations using XRD and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy reveal the generation of pseudo‐amorphous Bi at the edge of Bi2S3 nanorods of the sample with lattice strain during HER, yielding Bi2S3‐9.7%‐A. It is worth noting when Bi2S3‐9.7%‐A is assembled as a positive electrode in an asymmetric supercapacitor, its performance is greatly superior to that of the same device formed using pristine Bi2S3‐9.7%. The as‐prepared Bi2S3‐9.7%‐A//activated carbon asymmetric supercapacitor achieves a high specific capacitance of 307.4 F g−1 at 1 A g−1, exhibiting high retention of 84.1% after 10 000 cycles.

Chemically grown Bi2S3 nanorod films for hydrogen evolution

Bi2S3 nanorod films were grown on ITO-coated glass substrates through chemical bath deposition (CBD) and annealing in a sulfur atmosphere. The as-deposited films were amorphous/nanocrystalline, with a particle size of 20 nm and a direct optical band gap of 1.87 eV. Upon annealing at 350 °C, the films exhibited a nanorod morphology with a length of 300 nm. Further increasing the temperature from 400 to 450 °C resulted in an increased diameter of nanorods. The direct optical band gap decreased from 1.68 to 1.47 eV upon increasing the annealing temperature from 350 to 400 °C. Photoelectrochemical (PEC) measurements showed that the nanorod films grown on ITO-coated glass substrates exhibited significantly increased PEC activity owing to their nanorod structures. The Bi2S3 nanorod films formed at 400 °C exhibited a maximum photocurrent density of 6.1 mA/cm2 at 1 V, which was 2.5 times higher than that of the as-deposited films. The enhancement in the photocurrent density could be due to the effective visible-light absorption of Bi2S3 nanorods as a result of the increased crystallinity and decreased band gap. This study demonstrates the synthesis route involving a simple and inexpensive CBD method of Bi2S3 nanorod films for the optimized PEC water-splitting applications.

Interfacial engineering boosting the piezocatalytic performance of Z-scheme heterojunction for carbamazepine degradation: Mechanism, degradation pathway and DFT calculation

In this work, a Z-scheme Bi2S3-Bi2WO6 (BS-BWO) heterojunction with interfacial Bi-S bonds was constructed by in-situ growing Bi2S3 nanorods on Bi2WO6 nanosheets. The obtained BS-BWO heterojunction exhibited significantly enhanced piezocatalytic performance on carbamazepine (CBZ) degradation with an apparent rate constant of 0.087 min−1. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations together with experimental characterizations illustrated that the boosted piezocatalytic performance of BS-BWO could be ascribed to the Z-scheme charge transfer through the formed Bi-S bonds, which increased the charge transfer/separation efficiency and maintained the strong redox ability of photogenerated electrons/holes. Moreover, the increased piezoelectric potential of BS-BWO, as supported by COMSOL simulation, also contributed to the enhanced piezocatalytic performance. This study sheds light on the design and development of promising piezocatalysts for environmental remediation.

Rapid synthesis of 'yolk-shell'-like nanosystem for MR molecular and chemo-radio sensitization.

Though amounts of attempts about nanomedicine for chemo-radiotherapy have been made, more efficient strategies for chemo-radio therapy enhancement still need to be studied and perfected. Herein, a 'yolk-shell'-like nanostructure (Bi2S3@mBixMnyOz nanosystem) was facilely constructed by directly using radiosensitizer Bi2S3 nanorods (NRs) as a partial sacrificial template. Then, the chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin (DOX) loaded PEGylated Bi2S3@mBixMnyOz nanosystem (PBmB-DOX) was constructed, which could realize tumor microenvironment (TME)-responsive drug release for chemotherapy sensitivity enhancement. And the Bi2S3 NRs core could deposit more radiant energy to improve the radiotherapy sensitivity. Meanwhile, the compounds shell could catalyze H2O2 to generate O2, so as to alleviate tumor hypoxia for further chemo-radio therapy sensitization enhancement. More importantly, ferroptosis was participated in the process of PBmB-induced therapy via glutathione (GSH)-depletion mediated GPX4 inactivation, together with Mn ions induced chemodynamic therapy (Fenton-like reaction), which made additional contributions to increase the therapeutic efficacy. Last but not least, the GSH-stimulated degradation of compounds shell could contribute to self-enhanced T1-MR imaging activation, which allowed on-demand tumor diagnosis. In this work, the synthetic strategy that directly using Bi2S3 NRs as a partial sacrificial template to rapidly synthesize the 'yolk-shell'-like nanostructure for nanomedical application has rarely been reported before. And the in vitro and in vivo results suggest that our 'yolk-shell'-like PBmB-DOX nanosystem holds great promise to regulate TME for tumor-specific diagnosis and synergistic therapy.

Engineering fluoride-rich interphase and inhibiting grain coarsening for highly reversible bismuth sulfide anode for sodium storage

Bismuth sulfide is considered as a promising anode material for sodium-ion battery due to the high theoretical capacity originates from conversion and alloying reaction. However, large volume expansion during cycling, unstable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) and poor reaction reversibility limit its practical application. Herein, taking Bi2S3 nanorods as example, we first investigated the capacity fading mechanism of Bi2S3 nanorods in electrolytes with different composition and revealed that although ether electrolyte could improve the reversibility, the coarsening of bismuth during cycling is the culprit to the capacity fading. Then, a tailored two-pronged approach including carbon coating and Fe-doping was proposed to induce F-rich SEI and inhibit grain coarsening during cycling. As a result, the optimized electrode exhibited enhanced low-plateau alloying reaction and a high specific capacity as 382 mA h/g, which is in sharp contrast to 180 mA h/g of pure Bi2S3 which dominated by high-plateau conversion reaction. In addition, high-capacity retention as 76% could be maintained even at 10 A/g due to the enhanced reaction kinetics by Fe-doping. Thanks to the stable SEI and enhanced reversibility, full cell with high energy density as 156 W h/kg could be achieved without any pre-sodiation or assistant from complex nanostructure.

Symmetry-breaking induced piezocatalysis of Bi2S3 nanorods and boosted by alternating magnetic field

In this work, the centrosymmetry of Bi2S3 nanorods is broken due to the introduction of large quantities of Si defects in the crystal lattice, which then endows the Bi2S3 nanorods with the ability to efficiently reduce Cr(VI) by piezocatalysis. Most importantly, the piezocatalytic reduction could be significantly boosted by applying an alternating magnetic field (AMF). The AMF coupled piezocatalysis is achieved by H2O2 and·O2-. AMF is found to facilitate the separation of electrons and holes due to the magnetoresistance effect of Bi2S3 nanorods, thus remarkably enhancing the piezocatalysis by largely increasing the generation of H2O2. This work paves a new way for inducing the piezoelectricity of centrosymmetric materials by introducing defects and improving their catalytic activity through AMF, which has a great application potential in energy and environment fields.

Promoting superior K-ion storage of Bi2S3 nanorod anode via graphene physicochemical protection and electrolyte stabilization effect

Potassium-ion batteries (PIBs) have been considered as next generation energy storage device due to abundant and inexpensive resources, and exploring suitable anode materials based on conversion-alloying dual mechanism will promote the fast development of high energy density PIBs. In this work, Bi2S3 nano-rods wrapped by reduced graphene oxide (Bi2S3@rGO) are regarded as anodes for K-ion storage. The physical encapsulation of graphene and chemical bonding of Bi-O can boost the composite to provide outstanding electrochemical kinetics and structure stability. Furthermore, the electrolyte stabilization effect plays an important role in generating a more robust solid electrolyte interface film and maintaining effectiveness of chemical bonding. It is demonstrated by ex situ TEM that Bi2S3 electrode undergoes a dual electrochemical mechanism of conversion-alloying relied on 12 K-ion diffusion per formula unit (Bi2S3 + 6 K ↔ 2Bi + 3K2S, 2Bi + 6 K ↔ 2K3Bi). The above desirable features are integrated into the conductive composite for great cycling stability with high-capacity retention of 148.3 mAh·g−1 after 100 cycles at 50 mA·g−1. This work will guide the way for the construction of dual mechanism anode and the understanding of K-ion storage principle.

Facile one-step growth of hierarchical Bi2S3@MoS2 structures for enhanced photocatalytic activity

Hierarchical structures composed of MoS2 nanosheets grown on Bi2S3 nanorods, were prepared via hydrothermal reaction. The innovative heterostructures with distinct porosity and close interfacial contact may enable effective visible-light utilization as well as permeable routes for reactant molecules to enter the inner structure. The Bi2S3@MoS2 heterostructure with 50% of MoS2 showed superior adsorption and photodegradation of Rhodamine B, reaching 97.5%. Toxic heavy metal ions and organic pollutants in water may be eliminated utilizing attractive heterostructures with excellent adsorption capacities and photocatalytic activities.

Bismuth sulfide/zinc-doped graphitic carbon nitride nanocomposite for electrochemical detection of hazardous nitric oxide

In this study, bismuth sulfide nanorods were incorporated on the zinc-doped graphitic carbon nitride (Bi2S3/Zn-GCN) via thermal and ultrasonication treatment. The developed new electrode material was implemented for the sustainable electrochemical sensing of hazardous nitric oxide (NO). The as-prepared electrocatalyst material was scrutinized using power X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Raman techniques. Furthermore, the electrode kinetics were evaluated through electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) methods. Due to its unique electrocatalytic properties such as low charge transfer resistance and high electrochemically active surface area, the composite material shows excellent selectivity, stability, and reproducibility. The synergistic effect between Bi2S3 nanorods and Zn-GCN sheets (Bi2S3/Zn-GCN) can effectively accelerate electron transport, extend catalytic active sites, and leading to the remarkable electrochemical performance towards NO sensing. Therefore, the prepared GCE-modified Bi2S3/Zn-GCN exhibits a very low detection limit (LOD) towards NO of 0.007 µM (S/N = 3) with sensitivity (0.732 µA µM−1 cm−2). Moreover, the practical applicability of the proposed sensor could be a potential candidate for the determination of NO in the human blood serum, lake water, and sausage sample and the obtained results are appreciable.

Controllable fabrication of sulfur-vacancy-rich Bi2S3 nanorods with efficient near-infrared light photocatalytic for nitrogen fixation

Herein, orthorhombic phase Bi2S3 nanorods with different concentration of sulfur vacancies (SVs) were controllably synthesized via a facile solvothermal strategy. Benefited from the high specific surface area, proper band gap, good reduction capacity andabundant SVs, the Bi2S3 nanorods exhibit remarkable photocatalytic nitrogen fixation performance. The ammonia yield of the sulfur-vacancy-rich Bi2S3-3is around 51.04 μmol g−1 h−1 under full solar irradiation. Moreover, Bi2S3-3 also responds sensitively to near-infrared (NIR) light, and the nitrogen reduction rate is 33.37 μmol g−1 h−1. The superior photocatalytic performance of Bi2S3 is mainly attributed to SVs, which can absorb nitrogen and afford plentiful active sites to activate molecular nitrogen.Moreover, SVs also can trap the photoinduced electrons and contribute to the separation of the interfacial charge. This work provides a promising and sustainable defect-rich photocatalyst for the fixation of atmospheric nitrogen using solar energy.

Electrochemically Driven Interfacial Transformation For High‐Performing Solar‐To‐Fuel Electrocatalytic Conversion

AbstractThe carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO2RR) suffers from poor selectivity with low Faradaic efficiency and limited current density due to the lack of advanced electrocatalysts. Herein, it is demonstrated that the electrochemically driven interfacial transformation of bismuth sulfide (Bi2S3) nanorods enables the in situ formation of a 3D bismuth nanosheet network (BiNN) on functionalized carbon fibers (BiNN‐CFs). Notably, the formation of an ideal heterojunction with self‐driven charge migration facilitates the composition conversion with rapid reduction of Bi2S3 nanorods in seconds. The functionalization of CFs via Joule heating of the polytetrafluoroethylene coating induces an interfacial interaction for the simultaneous morphology evolution into the hierarchical BiNN via the recrystallization process. More importantly, the hierarchical BiNN‐CFs display improved performance for the CO2RR, including reasonable selectivity for formate generation (≈92%) in the broad potential range, a large partial current density of 419 mA cm–2, and good long‐term stability. Theoretical understanding elucidates that the lattice distortion tunes the p‐band center for optimizing the intermediate adsorption, and thus improving the electrocatalytic activity. Of particular note, the solar‐driven CO2–H2O full cell also demonstrates a promising energy conversion efficiency of 13.3%. These advances demonstrate the large space to optimize electrocatalysis that stems from the rational regulation of interfacial structure and properties.

Enhancement of radiation response of breast cancer cells through the incorporation of Bi2S3 nanorods

Enhancement of radiation response of breast cancer cells through the incorporation of Bi2S3 nanorods

Exploring and fine tuning the properties of one dimensional Bi2S3 nanorods

Investigation on the basic properties and dielectric behavior of Bi2S3 nanorods will open up new areas of applicability of bismuth sulfide nanostructures. In this paper, Bi2S3 nanorods with good crystallinity have been synthesized using bismuth nitrate and thiourea by forced condensation method at 180 °C. The structural and morphological studies reveals the formation of distinct uniform nanorod like morphology, passing high aspect ratio, polycrystalline nature and growth along the orthorhombic (310) axis. The prepared Bi2S3 nanorod samples possess very good dielectric properties. The results obtained reveal that properly oriented nanorods exhibit a high dielectric constant and a small dielectric loss. The dispersion of relaxation time at higher temperature was investigated through the cole-cole analysis and reported here.

Organic bromide-assisted one-pot synthesis of Bi2S3 nanorods using DMSO as a sulfur supply

Exploiting dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as both a solvent and a sulfur source, Bi2S3 nanorods are synthesized via a simple solvothermal method in the presence of an organic bromide.

A near-infrared light-driven photoelectrochemical aptasensing platform for adenosine triphosphate detection based on Yb-doped Bi2S3 nanorods.

Due to its capability of low spectral interference, high light stability, and minimal photodamage to biological species, near-infrared (NIR) light is advantageous in biosensing and biochemical analysis. This work developed a photoelectrochemical (PEC) aptasensor for adenosine triphosphate (ATP) detection using NIR light as the irradiation source. In order to utilize NIR light, we prepared Yb-doped Bi2S3 (Yb-Bi2S3) nanorods to act as photoelectric transducing materials. Due to the unfilled 4f orbitals of Yb which introduced the impurity level between the valence band and conduction band of Bi2S3, Yb-Bi2S3 exhibited admirable photo-to-current conversion efficiency under NIR light irradiation. The Yb-Bi2S3 modified electrode was employed to construct a NIR light-driven PEC sensor using an ATP-binding aptamer as the recognition element. When ATP was present, the photocurrent signal of the proposed aptasensor declined, owing to the formation of an ATP-aptamer complex which enhanced the steric hindrance of electron transfer on the electrode. Under optimal conditions, the sensor showed a sensitive response to ATP in the concentration range from 0.5 to 300 nmol L-1 with a detection limit of 0.1 nmol L-1. The proposed aptasensor exhibited high selectivity, good repeatability and desirable stability. Moreover, it was successfully applied to ATP detection in human serum samples.