BI Index Research Articles

Effects of acupuncture combined with rehabilitation training on neural function, motor function and quality of life in patients with stroke rehabilitation

Objective To explore the effects of acupuncture combined with rehabilitation training on neural function, motor function and quality of life in patients with cerebral apoplexy. Methods From September 2015 to September 2017, ninety-four patients with stroke rehabilitation in Zhejiang Provincial Taizhou Hospital were selected and divided into observation group and control group according to random number table, with 47 cases in each group.The control group was treated with rehabilitation training, and the observation group was treated with acupuncture and moxibustion on the basis of the control group.The two groups were treated for 8 weeks.The changes of nerve function, motor function, balance function, daily living ability and quality of life before and after treatment were compared between the two groups. Results After 4 weeks and 8 weeks of treatment, the NIHSS score, FMA score, BBS score and BI index score of the two groups decreased compared with before treatment (observation group: t=21.481, 36.045, 10.726, 21.961, 14.040, 26.501, 25.827, 42.266; control group: t=12.011, 20.519, 5.527, 15.644, 7.201, 18.719, 15.836, 29.852, all P<0.05), and at 8 weeks after treatment, the NIHSS score, FMA score, BBS score and BI index score decreased compared with those at 4 weeks after treatment(observation group: t=17.791, 11.558, 12.486, 13.867; control group: t=10.352, 9.721, 11.028, 11.129, all P<0.05). The NIHSS scores of the observation group after 4 weeks and 8 weeks of treatment were lower than those of the control group[(8.94±1.02)points vs.(10.56±1.20)points, (5.61±0.78)points vs.(8.23±0.97)points, t=7.052, 14.431, all P<0.05]. The FMA scores of the observation group after 4 weeks and 8 weeks of treatment were lower than those of the control group[(18.54±3.24)points vs.(15.03±2.71)points, (27.39±4.13)points vs.(21.03±3.25)points, t=5.697, 8.297, all P<0.05]. The BBS scores of the observation group after 4 weeks and 8 weeks of treatment were lower than those of the control group[(35.27±3.67)points vs.(31.09±3.15)points, (45.86±4.51)points vs.(38.98±3.76)points, t=5.925, 8.033, all P<0.05]. The BI index scores in the observation group after 4 weeks and 8 weeks of treatment were lower than those in the control group[(63.26±5.68)points vs.(56.18±6.02)points, (79.21±5.47)points vs.(68.77±4.89)points, t=5.865, 9.755, all P<0.05]. Conclusion Acupuncture combined with rehabilitation training can improve the neurological function, motor function and quality of life of patients with cerebral apoplexy. Key words: Stroke; Acupuncture; Moxibustion; Rehabilitation

The epidemiological characteristics and molecular phylogeny of the dengue virus in Guangdong, China, 2015

In 2015, an unexpected multiple outbreak of dengue occurred in Guangdong, China. In total, 1,699 cases were reported, of which 1,627 cases were verified to have DENV infections by nucleic acid or NS1 protein, including 44 DENV-1, 1126 DENV-2, 18 DENV-3 and 6 DENV-4, and the other cases were confirmed by NS1 ELISA. Phylogenetic analyses of DENV-1 isolates identified two genotypes (I and V). The predominant DENV-2 outbreak isolates were the Cosmopolitan genotypes, which likely originated from Malaysia. The DENV-3 isolates were assigned into genotype I and genotype III. All 6 DENV-4 isolates from imported cases were likely originally from Cambodia, Thailand and the Philippines. The entomological surveillance showed a moderate risk for the BI index in Chaozhou and Foshan and a low risk in Guangzhou. The imported cases were mostly detected in Guangzhou and Foshan. Surprisingly, the most serious outbreak occurred in Chaozhou, but not in Guangzhou or Foshan. A combined analyses demonstrated the multiple geographical origins of this outbreak, and highlight the detection of suspected cases after the alerting of imported cases, early implementation of control policies and reinforce the vector surveillance strategies were the key points in the chain of prevention and control of dengue epidemics.

English

The genotype x environment interaction (GEI) has an influence on the selection and recommendation of genotypes. To this end, G x E interaction and grain yield stability study was conducted for 17 advanced Ethiopian mustard across three districts (Sinana, Adaba and Agarfa) in the highlands of Bale zone during 2014 and 2015 main cropping season. Randomized complete block design with four replications was used. The combined analysis for the mean grain yield was highly significant (p≤0.01) for genotypes, environment and genotype x environment interaction. The mean seed yield of the locations was ranged from 0.9427 t ha-1 for Agarfa to 2.645 t ha-1 for Sinana in 2014. The Additive Main effects and Multiplicative Interaction (AMMI) analysis indicated that 76.7% of the GE sum squares was justified by the first two AMMI (AMMI1 and AMMI 2) components. The regression coefficient (bi) of genotypes ranged from 0.629 to 1.345. Genotypes G7 was the most stable with optimum grain yield (2.21 t ha-1), bi- value nearer to unity (bi = 1.03) and minimum value of deviation from regression (0.12). Based on the AMMI Stability Value (ASV), G12, G10, G17, G5, G3, G2, G7, and G8 showed the lowest ASV indicating as they are most stable. However the most stable genotypes would not necessarily give the highest yield. Therefore, based on mean grain yield and the result of stability parameters such as ASV, bi and Genotypes Selection Index (GSI), genotype G7 was found the best candidate variety and recommended for possible release for the test environments and similar agro-ecologies. Key words: Additive Main effects and Multiplicative Interaction (AMMI), AMMI stability value (ASV), biplot, genotypes selection index (GSI), mustard, stability.

The influence of discharge planning services on the self-care ability and quality of life of stroke patients

Objective To explore the effect of discharge planning service on the self-care ability and quality of life of stroke patients. Methods A total of 42 patients met the inclusion criteria of stroke were randomly divided into control group and experimental group, 21 cases of each group.The control group received routine care of cerebral vascular disease, while the experimental group was given discharge planning services based on the conventional cerebrovascular disease.Two groups of patients were observed and analyzed with self-care ability(Barthel Index) and quality of life(SF-36). Results In the fourth week after discharge, the BI index of the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05) .The emotional function of life quality was higher in the experimental group than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusions The discharge planning service is helpful to improve the self-care ability of patients with stroke and improve their quality of life. Key words: Discharge planning service; Stroke; Self-care ability; Quality of life

Statistical mapping and 3-D surface plots in phytoplankton analysis of the Balkhash Lake (Kazakhstan)

Abstract Phytoplankton of the Balkhash Lake was represented by 91 species with average abundance of 1,002.4 mln. ind. m−3 and average biomass of 0.853 g m−3 in summer 2004. Maps of spatial distribution revealed that phytoplankton abundance was confined within the near-estuary sections of the rivers. Correlation analysis and 3D Surface Plots showed that the average mass of the algal cell decreased with increased phytoplankton abundance, species richness, and Shannon Bi index values. Synchronicity of the spatial dynamics of W-Clarke and Δ-Shannon values evidenced the possibility of obtaining information on the structure of communities by both calculated and graphical methods.

GAMBARAN MAYA INDEKS DAN KEPADATAN LARVA DI DAERAH ENDEMIS DBD JAKARTA TIMUR

Number of dengue cases in Jakarta province that occurred in 2014, East Jakarta accounted for the largest case compared to other cities. Many factors that support high dengue cases in East Jakarta, one of which is entomologies factor. The purpose of this article was to determine the density of larvae and the Maya index of several endemic area in East Jakarta in order to determine the potential risk of dengue fever transmission in this region. This study was an observational study with cross sectional design. Area research sites with the highest endemic in Puskesmas Matraman, Jatinegara and Duren Sawit. The study population was all the houses that are in the highest endemic area health centers in all three regions. Survey was done in 100 homes in each area. Larvae collected from containers that find when survey done then calculated index entomology include CI, BI, HI, and Maya Index. Based on the survey results shows that the indicator entomology East Jakarta is CI 14.61% ; HI 31%; BI 39.33%. Analysis showed 70.23% Maya index communities east of Jakarta are at medium risk transmission of dengue fever.

Comparison of 3-Month Stroke Disability and Quality of Life across Modified Rankin Scale Categories

Background and Purpose: Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score 0-2 has been used to define “good outcome” while stroke patients with mRS 3 are grouped with mRS 4-6 as having “poor outcome.” Long-term data comparing quality of life (QoL), particularly across the mRS 2, 3, and 4 subgroups, are sparse. Methods: Participants in the Interventional Management of Stroke 3 (IMS3) trial with documented 3-month mRS, functional disability (Barthel index [BI]), and self-reported EQ5D-3L QoL questionnaires at 3 months after stroke were included. EQ5D-3L summary indices were calculated using published utility weights for the US population. BI and EQ5D-3L indices were compared across mRS categories using multiple pairwise comparisons with appropriate alpha error corrections. Results: Four hundred twenty-three patients were included (mean age 64 ± 13 years, median baseline NIHSS 16 [IQR 12-19], mean BI 84.1 ± 25.3, and mean EQ5D-3L index 0.73 ± 0.24). While significant differences in BI were observed across mRS categories, QoL in the mRS 2 and 3 categories was similar. Based on BI and EQ5D-3L index, mRS 3 status was more similar to mRS 2 than to mRS 4 status, and large heterogeneity in the mRS 3 group was observed. Conclusions: Ischemic stroke patients who achieve mRS 2 and 3 functional outcomes seem to have similar health-related QoL scores. mRS 0-3, rather than 0-2, should be considered a good outcome category in moderate to severe ischemic stroke.

A novel built-up spectral index developed by using multiobjective particle-swarm-optimization technique

In this study, we propose a novel built-up spectral index which was developed by using particle-swarm-optimization (PSO) technique for Worldview-2 images. PSO was used to select the relevant bands from the eight (8) spectral bands of Worldview-2 image and then were used for index development. Multiobiective optimization was used to minimize the number of selected spectral bands and to maximize the classification accuracy. The results showed that the most important and relevant spectral bands among the eight (8) bands for built-up area extraction are band4 (yellow) and band7 (NIR1). Using those relevant spectral bands, the final spectral index was form ulated by developing a normalized band ratio. The validation of the classification result using the proposed spectral index showed that our novel spectral index performs well compared to the existing WV -BI index. The accuracy assessment showed that the new proposed spectral index could extract built-up areas from Worldview-2 image with an area under curve (AUC) of (0.76) indicating the effectiveness of the developed spectral index. Further improvement could be done by using several datasets during the index development process to ensure the transferability of the index to other datasets and study areas.

Paleobiogeoclimatic scenarios of the Late Quaternary inferred from fluvial deposits of the Quadrilátero Ferrífero (Southeastern Brazil)

The Quadrilátero Ferrífero is an important mineral province in Southeastern Brazil and has one of the largest iron ore reserves in the world. Previous work in this region has indicated that the formation of fluvial successions with duricrusts coincided with drier/cooler climatic phases alternating with moister/warmer periods during which the formation of fluvial successions without duricrusts occurred. For the construction of this proposal, ages of fluvial sediments obtained through Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) were associated with data from the literature on paleobioclimatic scenarios. Therefore, using these observations as a starting point, this paper aims to investigate evidence of bioclimatic oscillations obtained directly from the fluvial successions and discuss its influence on the geomorphogenis of local river valleys. For this purpose, phytolith, carbon isotope and granulometric analyses were carried out, as well as dating of sediments using OSL and of soil organic matter through radiocarbon. The results show that in the oldest depositional succession (DS1 — about 34ka) the predominant phytoliths are those of bulliform polyedric, elongate, acicular and globular granulate types and δ13C values are typical of C3 plants. On the other hand, despite having a similar phytolith assemblage (abundance of bulliform polyedric, elongate, bulliform cuneiform, acicular, globular psilate and bilobate flat/concave types), the fluvial successions associated with significant conglomeratic duricrusts (DS2 and DS3) present a dominance of δ13C values characteristic of C4 plants. The Bi index indicates water stress in all the successions, and the Ic index suggests decreasing temperatures with depth in DS3. Thus, the three fluvial successions indicate a savanna-like environment, but depositional successions DS2 (∼27ka) and DS3 show drier/cooler climatic conditions when compared to DS1 and to the present-day regime. Both scenarios evolved under conditions of the Last Glacial period, but DS2 and DS3 were formed closer to the Last Glacial Maximum, and therefore under the strong influence of the lower temperatures during this period. These drier/cooler conditions in steep valleys with unprotected hillslopes may have been decisive for the formation of relatively thicker layers of gravel and sand, which later became duricrusts. The results indicate that climate has also played an important role in the regional hydrosedimentological dynamics, given the variations in vegetation influencing the abandonment of fill terraces and formation of nested floodplains.

Application of fast-track surgery in perioperative nursing of patients with percutaneous nephrolithotomy lithotomy with upper-pole access

Objective To explore the effectiveness of fast-track surgery （ FTS） in perioperative nursing of patients with percutaneous nephrolithotomy lithotomy with upper-pole access （PCNL）.Methods Seventy-six kidney stone （ KS） patients with PCNL in our hospital from November 2011 to December 2013 were chosen and randomly divided into the control group and the intervention group , each with 38 cases.The control group received the routine nursing , and the intervention group received the FTS nursing intervention .The hospital stays, the costs of treatment , the score of BI index of living scale and the incidence of complication were recorded and the patients ’ satisfaction were investigated at the end of nursing in two groups .Results The hospital stays, the costs of treatment, the score of BI index of living scale were respectively （8.8 ±2.3） d, （10 980.6 ±966.3）yuan and （84.6 ±9.4） in the intervention group, and were better than （12.4 ±3.0）d, （14 315.3 ±1 537.3） yuan and （68.9 ±7.3） in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant （t =4.682, 9.473, 6.741, respectively;P 〈0.05）.The incidence rate of complication in the intervention group was 10.5% including 2 cases of postoperative fever and 2 cases of postoperative pain , and was better than 31.6% including 4 cases of severe bleeding , 6 cases of postoperative fever , and 2 cases of postoperative pain in the control group , and the difference was statistically significant （χ2 =5.067, P〈0.05）. The patients’ satisfaction was 94.7%in the intervention group, and was high than 78.9%in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant （χ2 =4.145,P〈0.05）.Conclusions FTS nursing intervention adopted in KS patients with PCNL during perioperative period can effectively reduce the incidence of complications , and be accepted by the patients , and which is worthy of further promotion in clinical practice . Key words: Kidney stone; Perioperative nursing; Fast-track surgery; Percutaneous nephroscope ultrasonic lithotripsy

Comparison of effect of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage treated by two different methods

Objective To compare the clinical effect of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage treated by small bone window craniotomy or craniotomy.Methods 192 cases of patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage treated were selected and divided into minimally invasive group and flap group randomly.Small bone window craniotomy was used in minimally invasive group,while large trauma craniotomy was used in flap group.Complications,rebleeding and short and long term efficacy were recorded and compared.Results 6 cases(6.3％) of.incidence of complications in minimally invasive group,while 14 cases(14.56％) in flap group,the rate in the former group was lower than that in the latter group (x2 =51.308,P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference of rebleeding between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).3 weeks later,GCS score was (10.9 ± 1.8),GOS score (3.3 ± 0.6),BI index (47.8 ±11.5) and 64 cases' nerve function improved (66.7 ％) in minimally invasive group,while GCS score (10.1 ± 2.5),GOS score(2.7 ±0.8),BI index (33.5 ± 15.4) and 31 cases' nerve function improved(32.3％) in flap group.The GOS score,BI index and the situation of nerve function improvement were better in minimally invasive group than that in flap group(t =15.758,56.529,x2 =72.149,P ＜0.05).None of the patients were dead,and there were no significant differences of GCS score between the two groups(P ＞0.05).6 months later,no significant difference of GCS score and mortality were found between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).but the mean score of GOS and BI index were higher than those in flap group (t =11.647,32.990,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Both large trauma craniotomy and small bone window craniotomy could reach therapeutic purposes.However,intraoperative and postoperative complications could be deceased by small bone window craniotomy,and short and long term GOS score and BI are higher,the short term nerve function improvement is better. Key words: Cerebral hemorrhage; Hematoma; Neurosurgical procedures

基于B-IBI指数的温榆河生态健康评价

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 基于B-IBI指数的温榆河生态健康评价 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201105160630 作者: 作者单位: 中国矿业大学(北京)地球科学与测绘工程学院,中国矿业大学(北京)地球科学与测绘工程学院,辽宁省环境监测中心站生态室,辽宁省环境监测中心站生态室,中国矿业大学(北京)地球科学与测绘工程学院 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(40901295);国家杰出青年基金项目(40924003);国家重点基础研究发展计划973计划课题(2007CB407300);海河流域水生态功能一级二级分区研究(2008ZX07526) The assessment of river health using Benthic-Index of biotic integrity for Wenyu River Author: Affiliation: China University of Mining & Technology, Beijing,,, Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:基于温榆河底栖动物和水质采样数据,采用底栖动物完整性指数(B-IBI)方法,进行温榆河生态健康评价,并探求河流水质与B-IBI指数的相关性。通过分布范围、判别能力以及相关性分析等,确定研究区B-IBI指标体系,包括总分类单元数、总生物量、优势分类单元个体相对丰度、敏感类群分类单元数、生物指数和粘附者个体丰度6个指标。根据参照点25%分位数确定温榆河底栖动物完整性评价标准,即B-IBI ＞1.821为健康,1.366-1.821为亚健康,0.910-1.366为一般,0.455-0.910为较差,0-0.455为极差。结果表明,温榆河27.3%河段处于健康状态,9.1%河段处于亚健康状态,13.6%河段处于一般状态,50%河段处于较差和极差状态。河流水质与B-IBI指数的相关系数为-0.549,表明生物指标作为水体评价的补充指标十分必要。 Abstract:By applying the Benthic-Index of Biotic Integrity (B-IBI) to benthic macro-invertebrate and water quality data, we evaluate the health of Wenyu River and explore the relationship between water quality and B-IBI. Macro-invertebrate and water samples are collected from 22 river sites, where 4 are unimpaired or minimally impaired sites and 18 are impaired sites. We mainly consider twenty candidate metrics of macro-invertebrate and twelve water quality indexes. These twenty candidate metrics are total number of taxa, EPT taxa, Crustacea and Mollusca taxa, hironomidae taxa, total biomass, dominant taxa individual relative abundance, the first three dominant taxa individual relative abundance, Trichoptera individual relative abundance, Ephemeroptera individual relative abundance, Tubificida individual relative abundance, Chironomidae individual relative abundance, Hirudinea individual relative abundance, Crustacea and Mollusca individual relative abundance, number of sensitive taxa, tolerant taxa individual relative abundance, sensitive taxa individual relative abundance, biomass percentage of tolerant taxa, biomass percentage of sensitive taxa, BI index and clinger individual relative abundance and twelve water quality indexes are dissolved oxygen (DO), temperature, PH, total suspended solids (TSS), conductance, CODmn, BOD5, total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), ammonia nitrogen (NH3), nitrate (NO3-) and nitrite (NO2-). The main results are given as follows: 1) Among these 20 cross box-plots of candidate metrics between reference site (unimpaired sites) and impaired sites, 12 metrics have the higher IQ (interquartile ranges, IQ ≥ 2). They are total number of taxa, EPT taxa, Crustacea and Mollusca taxa,total biomass, dominant taxa individual relative abundance, the first three dominant taxa individual relative abundance, Ephemeroptera individual relative abundance, number of sensitive taxa, sensitive taxa individual relative abundance,biomass percentage of tolerant taxa, and clinger individual relative abundance. 2) Since BI index does not follow the normal distribution, we use Pearson's correlation coefficient to evaluate the relationship between the remained 11 metrics. Metrics that are strongly correlated (r > 0. 75) indicate the overlapped information, and we choose one of them as a surrogate.. Based on the above analysis, the B-IBI of Wenyu River including total number of taxa, total biomass, relative abundance of the first dominant taxa individuals, number of sensitive taxa and relative abundance of clinger individuals, are constructed. 3) We use 25% percentile of B-IBI value in reference sites to determine the criteria of health ranking and divide the distribution range below 25% percentile into 4 quarters. The criterion for the benthic macro-invertebrate in Wenyu river is B-IBI > 1.821, 1.366-1.821, 0.910-1.366, 0.455-0.910 and 0-0.455, which are corresponding to health, sub-health, fair condition, poor condition and very poor condition, respectively. 4) We find that 27.3% of the river reaches are in health condition, 9.1% are in sub-health condition, 13.6% are in general condition, and 50% are in poor and very poor conditions. 5) The correlation coefficient between B-IBI value and water quality of Wenyu River is -0.549, which indicates that the biological index, such as benthic macro-invertebrate, should be taken into account for water environmental assessment. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

Measuring the eco-efficiency of cement use

At present, the cement industry generates approximately 5% of the world’s anthropogenic CO 2 emissions. This share is expected to increase since demand for cement based products is forecast to multiply by a factor of 2.5 within the next 40 years and the traditional strategies to mitigate emissions, focused on the production of cement, will not be capable of compensating such growth. Therefore, additional mitigation strategies are needed, including an increase in the efficiency of cement use. This paper proposes indicators for measuring cement use efficiency, presents a benchmark based on literature data and discusses potential gains in efficiency. The binder intensity ( bi ) index measures the amount of binder (kg m −3 ) necessary to deliver 1 MPa of mechanical strength, and consequently express the efficiency of using binder materials. The CO 2 intensity index ( ci ) allows estimating the global warming potential of concrete formulations. Research benchmarks show that bi ∼5 kg m −3 MPa −1 are feasible and have already been achieved for concretes >50 MPa. However, concretes with lower compressive strengths have binder intensities varying between 10 and 20 kg m −3 MPa −1 . These values can be a result of the minimum cement content established in many standards and reveal a significant potential for performance gains. In addition, combinations of low bi and ci are shown to be feasible.