Beverage Samples Research Articles

Factors Relating to the Presence of Escherichia Coli Bacteria in Beverages at the Area of Junior High School 1 Sukoharjo

Introduction: There are many traders who sell beverages at the school at a cheap price, but delicious with a variety of flavors. A preliminary study at Junior High School 1 in Sukoharjo showed that 5 kinds of beverages sold at school contained Escherichia coli (E.coli) and some problems with food handlers occurred, such as not wearing head coverings and aprons. This study aimed to determine the association between food handler hygiene, equipment sanitation, water quality, and sanitation facilities with the presence of E. coli bacteria in beverages sold at the Junior High School 1 Sukoharjo area.Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design. The sampling method was total sampling. The sample size was 32 traders. Beverage samples of red and white syrup milk ice, macapuno coconut ice, milk tea ice, grass jelly ice, iced tea, milkshakes, hot tea, lemon tea ice, young coconut ice, sugar cane ice, Thai tea, chocolate ice, sour sugar ice. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and laboratory tests using total germ numbers. Chi-Square and Fisher Exact tests were used for the analysis.Results: There were associations between food handler hygiene, equipment sanitation, water quality, and sanitation facilities with the presence of E.coli bacteria in beverages in the Junior High School 1 Sukoharjo area, with the p values of 0.001, 0.001, 0.004, and 0.015 respectively.Conclusion: To reduce E. coli infection among the students, food handler hygiene, equipment sanitation, water quality, and sanitation facilities at the school should be improved., especially at Junior High School 1 Sukoharjo.

Fluorescence turn-on detection of tannic acid using a 6,7-dihydroxycoumarin-Fe3+ complex

Tannic acid (TA) is a natural polyphenolic compound widely distributed in plants and is extensively associated with medicine, food and leather. In this study, we developed a highly sensitive turn-on fluorescent probe for TA using an ensemble of 6,7-dihydroxycoumarin (DHC) and Fe3+ (DHC-Fe). DHC-Fe exhibited high selectivity over gallic acid and vitamin C, which avoided sample pretreatment so that simplified the detection process. Furthermore, DHC-Fe was successfully applied to detect TA in vegetable-tanned leather and in beverage samples. A portable paper-based TA sensor was prepared and allowed simple detection.

Single-monomer dual templated MIP based electrochemical sensor for tartrazine and brilliant blue FCF

In this study, a dual-templated molecularly imprinted polymer-based electrochemical sensor was developed for the simultaneous analysis of two food additive dyes, brilliant blue FCF and tartrazine. Using a 3-aminophenyl boronic acid (3-APBA) monomer and the dual templates of brilliant blue FCF (BB) and tartrazine (TZ), the molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) layer was electropolymerized on the carbon fibre paper (CFP) electrode. By using BB and TZ as template molecules along the electro-polymerization of 3-APBA, then removing both template molecules, the MIP film was generated on the surface of the CFP electrode. Due to the high surface area provided by modification, several complementary binding sites for template molecules are formed on the surface of the MIP sensor during this process of sensor fabrication. On the MIP/CFP electrode, the electrochemical behavior of BB and TZ was assessed. The monomer/template ratio, pH values, and influencing parameters like the electro-polymerization scanning cycles were all optimized. This sensor was applied to detect brilliant blue FCF and tartrazine in beverage and food samples using MIPAPBA/CFP electrode.

SERS detection of foodborne pathogens in beverage with Au nanostars.

The aim of this study is to develop a simple but rapid method for the determination of foodborne pathogens in complex matrices (beverages) by surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) combined with Au nanostar solid-phase substrates. The star-shaped singlet Au nanostructure was formed on the surface of astainless steel sheetby chemical replacement reaction. Rhodamine 6G verified the sensitivity and reproducibility of this substrate, and the relative standard deviations of the SERS intensity at 1312 cm-1, 1364 cm-1, and 1510 cm-1 displacements were 3.40%, 5.64%, and 3.48%, respectively. By detecting four pathogens in beverage samples on Au nanostar substrates, the utility of the SERS assay was demonstrated, while the combination of principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) further enabled the isolation and identification of pathogens. The results of spiked beverages were validated in conventional culture identification and Vitek 2 Compact biochemical identification system experiments. Thus, this research demonstrated that Au nanostar substrates can be effectively utilized for the recognition of pathogenic bacteria and have immense promise to advance the progress of quick detection of foodborne pathogens and food safety.

A magnetic stir bar sorbent of metal organic frameworks, carbon foam decorated zinc oxide and cryogel to enrich and extract parabens and bisphenols from food samples

A porous composite magnetic stir bar adsorbent was fabricated for the extraction and enrichment of parabens and bisphenols from selected beverage samples. The adsorbent comprised a metal organic framework, carbon foam decorated zinc oxide and magnetic nanoparticles embedded in polyvinyl alcohol cryogel. The porous composite stir bar adsorbent could adsorb parabens and bisphenols via hydrogen bonding, π-π and hydrophobic interactions. In the best conditions, linearity was good from 5.0 to 200.0 µg/L for methyl paraben, ethyl paraben and bisphenol A and from 10.0 to 200.0 µg/L for bisphenol B and butyl paraben. Limits of detection ranged from 1.5 to 3.0 µg/L. The developed composite stir bar was successfully applied to extract and determine parabens and bisphenols in fruit juice, beer and milk. Recoveries ranged from 89.5 to 99.5 % with RSDs lower than 6 %. The developed sorbent and new methodology were evaluated in terms of its green character with satisfactory results.

Coffee grounds-derived carbon quantum dots as peroxidase mimetics for colorimetric and fluorometric detection of ascorbic acid.

In this study, we reported the eco-responsible synthesis of iron-doped carbon quantum dots (Fe-CQDs) from waste coffee grounds through a simple hydrothermal method. The Fe-CQDs exhibited high peroxidase-like activity, which could convert 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) into blue ox-TMB in the presence of H2O2. After adding ascorbic acid (AA) to above system, the blue solution faded. Based on this phenomenon, a colorimetric method for visual monitoring of H2O2 and AA was developed. Meanwhile, the fluorescence of Fe-CQDs can be quenched by the formed ox-TMB via inner filter effect (IFE), followed by the recovery upon the addition of AA. Therefore, Fe-CQDs can be acted as a fluorescent probe to detect H2O2 and AA through the "on-off-on" mode. Furthermore, the dual-recognition methods based on Fe-CQDs were used to measure AA content in beverage samples. Thus, this work would shed much light on converting waste into biomass CQDs and their potential applications in biomolecular detection.

A simple microwave-assisted synthesis of cobalt ferrite nanoparticles and its application for the determination of lead ions in rooibos (Aspalathus linearis) tea.

In this study, a magnetic sorbent assisted dispersive solid phase extraction (DSPE) method was used to preconcentrate lead ions from rooibos tea samples for determination by slotted quartz tube-flame atomic absorption spectrometry (SQT-FAAS). Cobalt ferrite magnetic nanoparticles (CoFe2O4 MNPs) were synthesized by microwave assisted digestion. Limits of detection and quantification were calculated as 5.3 and 17.6µg/L, respectively, in a linear dynamic range of 20-800µg/L. The enhancement factor of the developed method was found to be 80-folds when compared to the detection limit of the regular FAAS system. The percent recoveries obtained for rooibos tea samples spiked at different concentrations were in the range of 77 - 125%, with high repeatability as indicated by low standard deviations. The findings of the study demonstrated that the CoFe2O4 MNPs-based extraction method is a straightforward, fast, affordable, safe, and eco-friendly approach to qualifying/quantifying lead with high precision in the selected beverage sample.

A hierarchically porous PEDOT embedded cryogel for in-syringe solid phase extraction of parabens in beverages

A hierarchically porous adsorbent was fabricated using polyethylene dioxythiophene (PEDOT) embedded in a polyvinyl alcohol cryogel. This adsorbent was designed for use in the in-syringe solid-phase extraction (IS-SPE) of parabens present in beverage samples. The creation of a hierarchical pore system was achieved through a reaction between a hydrochloric acid solution and calcium carbonate, strategically introduced during the cryogel synthesis within a needle hub. The porous structure of the cryogel allowed for efficient entrapment of adsorption materials, significantly increasing the number of available adsorption sites. Additionally, PEDOT was incorporated to enhance paraben adsorption through hydrophobic and π-π interactions. High-performance liquid chromatography was employed to quantify the extracted parabens. Under optimized conditions, the developed method exhibited detection limits ranging from 0.15 to 0.25 µg L–1 and quantification limits ranging from 0.50 to 1.0 µg L–1. The technique was successfully applied to assess parabens in various beverage samples, consistently obtaining extraction recoveries between 88.4% and 98.4%, and relative standard deviations (RSDs) below 6%. We conclude that the in-syringe extraction approach offers a straightforward and efficient method, while the composite adsorbent demonstrates ease of preparation and robust reproducibility, allowing for twelve extraction–desorption cycles.

New natural deep eutectic solvent for vortex-assisted liquid–liquid microextraction for the determination of bisphenols in beverages

A novel hydrophobic natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES) was designed and prepared to selectively enrich biphenolic compounds. The NADES was prepared by blending different molar ratios of octanol and menthol. Various important parameters that influence the extraction efficiency were optimized, including the composition of NADES components, volume, the influence of salt, extraction time, and pH. The experimental results demonstrated that the method exhibited a wide linear range (5–1000 μg/L) with a linear correlation coefficient (R2) exceeding 0.995. The limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) ranged from 0.44 to 0.96 μg L−1 and 1.33 to 3.16 μg L−1, respectively. Furthermore, quantum chemical calculations were utilized to analyze the electrostatic potentials of menthol, octanol, water, and the three biphenolic compounds, providing insights into the extraction mechanism of NADESs. The environmental impact of the proposed method was assessed using the ComplexGAPI and Whiteness method, revealing its eco-friendliness. Finally, the method was successfully employed for the extraction and determination of the three bisphenols in beverage samples.

Deep eutectic solvents as a green alternative for trace element analysis in food and beverage samples: Recent advances and challenges

Metals and metalloids have different effects on human health even at trace levels. Some of them are essential for living organisms while others can be toxic. Therefore, the determination of trace elements in food and beverage is highly important to understand their impact in human health. A new generation of solvents named deep eutectic solvents (DES) has emerged as a green alternative for trace element analysis, owing to their low toxicity, biodegradability, and high extraction capacity. In recent years, the application of DES in extraction techniques for trace element analysis in food and beverage samples has increased significantly. This review summarizes recent advances and challenges on the application of DES to develop microextraction techniques useful for the analysis of samples with complex matrices. The importance of the use of biodegradable substances instead of classic organic solvents, which are toxic, volatile, and flammable in methods for elemental analysis with a positive environmental impact is also highlighted. Finally, conclusions and future challenges arising from the use of DES in microextraction techniques are discussed.

Magnetic ZIF-8 extraction using supramolecular solvent based on ferrofluid and vortex-assisted liquid–liquid microextraction of cationic dyes in beverage and river water samples

In this work, a new type of magnetic ZIF-8 based on ferrofluids (FFs) and supramolecular solvents (SUPRASs) was prepared and applied as an extraction phase in vortex-assisted liquid–liquid microextraction of cationic dyes (chrysoidin, auramine O and rhodamine B) in beverage and river water samples. The FFs comprised sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-coupled titanium dioxide-coated MZIF-8 and hexafluorobutanol-geraniol SUPRAS (MZIF-8/SDS-TiO2@HFB-Ger). The prepared extraction phase exhibited high extraction recoveries of these cationic dyes owing to strong interaction mechanisms, including hydrogen-bonding, hydrophobic, π-π and electrostatic attractions, between the FFs and the analytes. The optimum extraction conditions of cationic dyes were as follows: Ger content was 4 %, HFB content was 6 %, MZIF-8/TiO2-SDS was 25 mg, vortex time was 3 min, solution pH was 6–8, salt concentration was 5 % (m/v), elution solvent was ethanol and elution solvent volume was 500 μL. Under the optimized conditions, cationic dyes were linear in 5–1000 ng mL−1 with determination coefficients higher than 0.9957. The limits of detection ranged from 1 to 1.5 ng mL−1, and the limits of quantification were between 3.5 and 5 ng mL−1. Finally, the developed method was applied to determine the target analytes in beverage and river water samples, achieving extraction recoveries ranging from 93.1 % to 104.3 %, with relative standard deviations between 1.1 % and 8.1 %. Compared with MZIF-8, MZIF-8/SDS-TiO2@HFB-Ger exhibited higher extraction efficiency for cationic dyes. Therefore, the developed method has great potential in extracting various analytes from various food and water samples.

Designing a new physical activity calorie equivalent food label and comparing its effect on caloric choices to that of the traffic light label among mothers: a mixed-method study.

We designed a new type of 'physical activity calorie equivalent' (PACE) food label in Iran to compare its effect with that of the traffic light food label (TLL) on caloric choices. Mixed-method study. Mothers of school children between the ages of 6-12 years. In the qualitative phase, 10 focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted with various groups of mothers, and two FGDs were conducted with food science and nutrition experts to design a new PACE label. In the quantitative phase, 496 mothers were randomly assigned to five groups: (1) no nutrition label, (2) current TLL, (3) current TLL + educational brochure, (4) PACE label, and (5) PACE label + brochure. Samples of dairy products, beverages, cakes, and biscuits were presented. ANOVA and multiple linear regressions were applied to examine the association between label types and calories of the selected products as our main outcome. The mothers' perspectives were classified into two sub-themes, the PACE label's facilitators and barriers. The new PACE label's characteristics were divided into two subcategories: (a) appearance, and (b) nutritional information, including 14 codes. In the quantitative section, mean calories of the selected foods were lowest in the TLL + brochure group (831.77 kcal; 95% CI: 794.23-869.32), and highest in the PACE label group (971.61; 95% CI: 926.37-1016.84). The new PACE label was a combination of PACE, TLL, and warning labels. It did not significantly affect lower caloric choice, however, the TLL + brochure option was effective in choosing foods with fewer calories.Clinical trial registration: The study was registered in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials 23 (IRCT20181002041201N1).

Reverse Flow Injection Spectrophotometric Determination of Total Acidity in Beverages Using Butterfly Pea Flower Extract.

Monitoring total acidity during beverage production is crucial for quality control (QC). The standard acid-base titration, though widely used, is slow and generates hazardous waste through the use of acid-base indicators. To develop an analysis method for beverage samples to determine total acidity using a natural reagent from butterfly pea flower as the colorimetric reagent. The determination of total acidity in beverages was based on the reaction of citric acid with anthocyanin extracted from butterfly pea flowers. The decreased absorbance of anthocyanin was measured at 620 nm. A two-line reverse flow injection manifold was used to perform online dilution of samples. Under optimal conditions, the calibration curve equation 1/A = 0.03782C + 0.00241 (A = absorbance and C = concentration) was linear over a range of 0.050-0.25% (w/v) citric acid. The LOD and LOQ were 0.0123 and 0.0409% (w/v), respectively. The system achieved a throughput of 120 samples per hour with comparable accuracy and precision to the standard titrimetric method. The injection of butterfly pea flower extract into beverage samples with online dilution in a reverse flow injection system (FIS) was reported for the first time for the determination of total acidity. Use of a green reagent in the method reflects its alignment with the principles of green analytical chemistry, providing a rapid and straightforward solution.

Analytic-holistic cognitive styles affect consumer responses to food and beverage samples during sensory evaluation

Recent studies have shown that the analytic-holistic theory is applicable in sensory science-related areas. Analytic and holistic cognitive style groups have been found to have significantly different perceptions and behaviors within food-related scenarios. These differences were further investigated and identified within the current study, focusing on specific areas of common sensory tests and analyses where analytic and holistic cognitive style groups may differ from one another. Before the main study, 419 volunteers were classified into three groups based on their scores to the Analysis-Holism Scale (AHS). The extreme groups (65 adults for each) were identified as the “analytic” and “holistic” cognitive style groups, respectively. Participants evaluated fruit-flavored beverages and fruit samples for their impression of the intensity or hedonic aspects in the study conducted over two sessions. Each session either employed solely category or line scale for the questions. Analyses focused on the analytic and holistic group comparisons in mean, variance, penalty analysis, and pre- and post-AHS score differences. Results showed that the holistic group exhibited significantly higher mean scores and standard deviations in the hedonic ratings of fruit samples than the analytic group did. Compared to the analytic group, the holistic group showed significantly smaller mean drops in overall liking across the five Just-About-Right (JAR) questions related to flavors or tastes of the mixed-fruit flavored water. A significant difference between the AHS scores measured before and after the sensory evaluation was observed in the holistic group, but not in the analytic group. In conclusion, our findings provide empirical evidence that cognitive styles affect consumer responses to food or beverage samples during sensory evaluation tasks. This implies that sensory professionals may consider these analytic-holistic contrasts while exploring consumer responses to their target samples.

Electrochemical microfluidic chip composed of a cerium oxide-reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite screen printed carbon electrode (SPCE) for the determination of flunitrazepam

Due to its long-lasting tranquilizing effect on the human body, the abusive use of flunitrazepam (FNZ) in sexual assault and robbery is commonly encountered. In this study, the assembly of a hybrid nanocomposite comprising cerium oxide (CeO2) nanoparticles and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets onto the surface of a screen printed carbon electrode (SPCE) is presented for the sensitive determination of flunitrazepam in various beverages. The properties of the CeO2-rGO nanocomposite were evaluated using various spectroscopic and microscopic techniques, while its electrochemical properties were investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). A distinct composite structure with improved current response and electron transfer properties was achieved through the judicious application of rGO nanosheets to facilitate the in situ formation and anchoring of CeO2 nanoparticles. Under optimal conditions, the CeO2-rGO modified SPCE demonstrated flunitrazepam detection to 124 nM with a sensitivity of 40 µA µM−1 cm−2 and exhibited a broad linear response in the concentration range from 0.1 to 300 µM. The quantification of flunitrazepam in spiked beverage samples using CeO2-rGO/SPCE demonstrated satisfactory recovery from 96 to108%. The functionalized sensor was further integrated into a microfluidic chip to prepare a portable flunitrazepam electrochemical platform, in which multiple samples can be processed and reliable analysis can be conducted at low sample volumes. The designed electrochemical microfluidic platform demonstrated desirable performance for flunitrazepam determination, offering a promising solution for on-site determination of illicit drugs in the field of forensic investigations.

A fluorescence “turn-on” sensor for ascorbic acid in fruit juice and beverage based on ascorbate oxidase-like activity of citric acid-derived carbon dots

Citric acid-derived carbon dots (CA-CDs) without any modifications were found to have the ascorbate oxidase (AAO)-like activity. The CA-CDs have high affinity for ascorbic acid (AA), which is similar to natural AAO. The robustness of CA-CDs is greater than that of AAO. Based on the AAO mimetic activity of CA-CDs, a sensitive turn-on mode and natural enzyme-free fluorescence detection method has been developed for AA in some fruit juice and beverage samples with satisfied recoveries. This study provides CDs-based AAO mimetic nanozymes to replace the expensive natural enzymes or heavy metal-based nanozymes, which will show great potential in biological and food assays.

Assessment of Quality and Production Conditions of Local Beverages Produced in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

Artisanal food production has been developing in recent years in African cities. However, the promoters of the artisanal food production structures do not always apply good hygiene practices (GHP) during their activities, which can lead to the production of food of unsatisfactory quality. Thus, this study was initiated to assess the quality and production conditions of local beverages produced in Ouagadougou. Twelve samples of four beverages (tamarind and pineapple juice, bissap, and toedo) were collected during different productions and then sent to the laboratory. Microbiological and physico-chemical analyzes were done using standard microbiological methods and Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) methods respectively. The evaluation of the application of GHP was carried out using a checklist. The results obtained show that for all the beverage samples, the pH varies from 2.44±0.02 to 3.55±0.00, The titratable acidity from 0.29±0.02% to 0.75±0.02% and the brix degree from 11.00±0.00% to 16.50±0.11%. Total mesophilic aerobic flora (TMAF) and yeast and mold loads were respectively from 1.00x103 colony forming unit per milliliter (CFU/mL) to 7.30x104 CFU/mL and from <10 CFU/mL to 9.00x102 CFU/mL. All samples had a coliform load less than 10 CFU/mL. Salmonella and Shigella were absent in all samples. This study shows that most of the beverage samples studied have a compliant pH and Brix level. Referring to all the germs studied, 8.33% of local beverage samples are of satisfactory quality, 41.66% of acceptable quality and 50.00% of unsatisfactory quality. GHP assessment showed compliance rates of 100% (raw material), 66.66% (labour), 66.66% (methods), 55.55% (environment) and 25% (equipment). The results of this study indicate the need for the establishment of a quality assurance system followed within local beverage production structures.

Development of soy whey fortified orange juice beverages: their physicochemical, rheological, antioxidant, and sensory properties

Aim: Soy whey is a byproduct of tofu production and is being discarded after tofu preparation. However, soy whey is a rich source of phytochemicals, minerals, and protein. The present study was conducted to utilize soy whey for the development of nutraceutical-rich orange juice beverages. Methods: The soy whey and orange juice were produced and beverage samples were developed from them. The samples were evaluated for physicochemical, rheological, antioxidant, and sensory properties to evaluate the optimum percentage of soy whey that can be utilized for beverage development. Results: The protein content increased from 0.45% to 1.65% with an increase in soy whey from 0% to 50%. The pH of the beverage samples was in the range of 4.27–4.77 with the total soluble solids (TSSs) of 5.75–6.0 for various beverage samples. The lightness (L*), redness (+a*), and yellowness (+b*) of beverage samples range between 31.57–49.04, 1.21–0.54, and 25.37–39.63 respectively. The vitamin C content of the beverage samples was 56.30 mg/L, 52.75 mg/L, 36.97 mg/L, 26.35 mg/L, and 22.87 mg/L for A, B, C, D, and E beverages respectively. The 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), reducing power ranges of beverage samples range between 91.2–96.23%, 0.521–0.994%, and 0.204–0.859% respectively, and total phenolic content (TPC) ranges between 112 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/100 mL and 181 mg GAE/100 mL of beverage samples. The beverage samples presented a shear thinning property with a flow index (n) ranging between 0.2371–0.8214. The consistency coefficient of the beverage samples ranges between 0.0405 Pa∙Sn and 0.0041 Pa∙Sn. The control, 20%, and 30% soy whey-containing beverage samples showed higher sensory properties. Conclusions: The beverage samples with 0%, 20%, and 30% showed improved DPPH and FRAP percent activity and higher overall acceptability compared to 40% and 50% soy whey-containing beverage samples.

Development of LC-MS/MS analytical method for the rapid determination of Diquat in water and beverages

This study aimed to develop simple, fast, and sensitive methods for the determination of diquat (DQ) in various matrices such as water and beverages. For water, direct injection was tested first, however, the sensitivity of the incurred samples were too low and couldn’t possibly achieve the targeted limit of quantification. Hence, dilution with “weaker” injection solvents were tested, and the final conditions involved the dilution of water with acetonitrile (0.4 % ammonium hydroxide) which increased the sensitivity by more than ten times. Nevertheless, the beverages samples needed further treatment to achieve acceptable spiked recovery. The final conditions involved extraction using the aforementioned solvent, followed by heating and partitioning. Both of the methods satisfied the validation requirements, with an average recovery ranging from 85.9 to115 % and associated relative standard deviation (RSD %) within the range 3–8. Further applications on real samples were done to test the levels of contamination.

Magnetic multi-walled carbon nanotubes assisted solid phase extraction and detection of neonicotinoid pesticides in honey and tea samples

In this study, magnetic multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MMWCNTs) were prepared by a one-pot solvothermal method. And they were used as the adsorbent of magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) to extract NEOs. MMWCNTs exhibit good adsorption performance toward NEOs. The adsorption capacities for imidacloprid, thiacloprid, and acetamiprid are 18.4, 25.9, and 18.4 mg g−1, respectively. Also, the adsorption process takes 20 min. The adsorption isotherm fitted to the Langmuir model and the adsorption kinetics was well described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Moreover, the adsorption mechanism was discussed. The MMWCNTs-based MSPE method was combined with field-enhanced sample stacking-capillary electrophoresis (FESS-CE) to realize the sensitive detection of NEOs. The detection limits of NEOs in honey and bottled green tea beverage samples ranged from 7.63 to 16.7 ng g−1. The recoveries were in the range of 84.5 ± 3.2 % to 99.2 ± 1.6 %, with relative standard deviations less than 5.5 %, suggesting the feasibility of the method in actual samples.