The Known importance of renewable energy in the discussion of a reliable and sustainable energy future, it is imperative to understand its main determinants and hindering factors and to draw result implications for energy policy and to overcome the challenges. This Research surveys about the determinants and challenges of the use of Renewable Energy, with Special Reference to, Benishangul Gumuz Regional State selected zonal Woredas (Assosa Zone and Metekel Zone). Using HOMER SOFTWARE and the EXCEL spread sheet, for a period covering 2008-2016, the results suggest that the community under study mainly relay on the Energy source of hydropower covers mostly 58.59% of the total energy consumption of the inhabitants. Also the finding indicates the inhabitants mostly relay on gas oils for energy sources with the percentage of 20%, for modified biomass 17.56% and for solar energy dependence only 3.8% which is the least amount. From the finding the relative price where the most determinant factor and also the community where sparely distributed which hinders the distribution of renewable Energy with the required speed. This article does not shows the region potential for developing renewable energy such as wind, biomass, solar and hydropower, dispersed throughout the Region, this potential has not been explored.