Performance Benefits Research Articles

Transferring Learned Behaviors between Similar and Different Radios.

Transfer learning (TL) techniques have proven useful in a wide variety of applications traditionally dominated by machine learning (ML), such as natural language processing, computer vision, and computer-aided design. Recent extrapolations of TL to the radio frequency (RF) domain are being used to increase the potential applicability of RFML algorithms, seeking to improve the portability of models for spectrum situational awareness and transmission source identification. Unlike most of the computer vision and natural language processing applications of TL, applications within the RF modality must contend with inherent hardware distortions and channel condition variations. This paper seeks to evaluate the feasibility and performance trade-offs when transferring learned behaviors from functional RFML classification algorithms, specifically those designed for automatic modulation classification (AMC) and specific emitter identification (SEI), between homogeneous radios of similar construction and quality and heterogeneous radios of different construction and quality. Results derived from both synthetic data and over-the-air experimental collection show promising performance benefits from the application of TL to the RFML algorithms of SEI and AMC.

Enhancing ergogenic performance and antioxidant benefits of red sugarcane juice through probiotic fermentation

The potential of red sugarcane as a functional probiotic drink was investigated, with a focus on determining its physicochemical, ergogenic, and antioxidant activities. Three different variants of Malaysian red sugarcane, namely Ragnar, Kapur, and Serai, were selected for analysis. The concentrations of electrolytes (Na, K, Ca, Mg, Zn, and Fe) in sugarcane juice were determined using an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrophotometer (ICP-MS), while the antioxidant activity and Vitamin C were assessed through colorimetric assays. Additionally, the functionality of the optimal variant, Ragnar, was enhanced by inoculating it with lactic acid bacteria (LAB) Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC8014 and Lactobacillus casei Shirota. High antioxidative properties (TPC: 71.63 mg GAE/mL, FRAP: 2.76 mmol TE/mL, DPPH EC50: 55.66 µg/mL, and Vitamin C: 0.72 mg/100 g) were observed in the Ragnar, which tends to exhibit an attractive blue-yellow hue. K exhibited the highest concentration in all samples (126.31 – 229.95 mg/mL), followed by Na, Mg, Fe, and Zn, which exceeded the commercial isotonic drink. The viability of LAB (above 107 CFU/mL) and the production of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) were satisfactory while reducing sugars were generally lower after the fermentation. The findings present red sugarcane as a potential natural source for the development of functional drinks.Graphical

How Brand Differentiation Influences Product Pricing Strategy Choices

In the context of increasingly fierce market competition, brand differentiation has become a key factor for companies seeking breakthroughs. Given the diversification of consumer demands and the growing issue of product homogeneity, brand differentiation is particularly crucial. It not only enables a company to stand out among competitors but also profoundly influences product pricing strategies. Brand differentiation involves more than just image shaping; it requires developing measures that align with a company's actual situation to enhance competitiveness. By creating a unique brand image, offering personalized product features, and delivering exceptional service experiences, companies can cultivate strong consumer identification and loyalty. Therefore, brand differentiation can help companies maintain a competitive position in intense industry competition. If competitors adopt a pricing cut strategy, companies with differentiated brands can maintain or increase price levels by offering value-added services or strengthening their brand image, avoiding price wars. Consequently, when formulating market strategies, companies should emphasize the construction and utilization of brand differentiation to achieve better market performance and economic benefits.

Evolving malware detection through instant dynamic graph inverse reinforcement learning

The rapid development and increasing evolution of malware necessitate novel defensive techniques with high accuracy and minimal false positives to safeguard information systems against potential threats. Unfortunately, current malware detection methods, primarily relying on deep learning to identify malicious fingerprints from extensive training sets, prove ineffective against few-shot and evolving malware variants. To address these challenges, this paper introduces MalIRL, which designs a model-free inverse reinforcement learning (IRL) mechanism to automatically capture the evolving attack intent of malware. Specifically, MalIRL explores six representative categories of malware actions and employs sliding windows to organically divide the massive malware execution event stream into multiple attack stages, achieving a reduced action space and state space. To model dynamic malicious environments, MalIRL proposes an instant dynamic heterogeneous graph representation learning technique. This technique learns state representations of different malware attack stages, enhancing detection accuracy and efficiency by incrementally capturing the newly added contextual semantics of diverse malware entities and relations. In experiments with three real-world malware datasets, MalIRL surpasses existing state-of-the-art methods, particularly in few-shot malware detection scenarios, MalIRL exhibits performance benefits of up to 18.9%.

Hidden support for the lionesses: a breast/bra intervention

ABSTRACT Despite health and performance benefits of appropriate breast support in sport, elite women athletes’ knowledge of breasts/bras is poor leading to poor bra choices, breast pain and performance decrements. This multiphase intervention assessed breast/bra issues and preferences, individually prescribed sports bras and evaluated outcomes for the England Senior Women footballers. Breast/bra workshops were delivered to England players; all 36 completed pre-intervention surveys and breast/bra assessments, before being prescribed bras six weeks before European and World Championships (2022, 2023). 24 players completed post-intervention surveys. Pre-intervention outcomes identified poor knowledge, poor bra fit, many bra issues, and cultural sensitivities. Breast pain was prevalent (61%), with 25% reporting clinically significant breast pain. Post-intervention, players reported significant improvements with prescribed sports bras. 91% reported improvements in knowledge and benefiting from the intervention. This successful intervention provided an evidence-base for ongoing breast health initiatives with England Teams, plus roll-out to all levels of women’s football.

The effects of dietary nitrate ingestion on physical performance tests in 50–65 years old postmenopausal women: A pilot randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, and crossover study

Background & AimsThe post-menopausal period represents a noteworthy stage in a woman's life characterized by hormonal shifts that can influence diverse biological processes encompassing energy metabolism and physical performance. NO3- effects on physical performance in 50-65 years old postmenopausal women after short-term supplementation remain unknown. MethodsThis is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study. After two sessions in non-consecutive days of familiarization tests, fifteen post-menopausal women aged between 50 and 65 were enrolled in this study. The trial consisted of two eight-day arms: a) NO3- -70 mL of beetroot juice (BRJ) with ˜400 mg of NO3-, and b) placebo (PLA) –70 mL of BRJ NO3- depleted. Both interventions were obtained from the same manufacturer’s product, presenting the same organoleptic properties. After this period, five physical performance tests (handgrip strength, arm curl, sit-to-stand, agility and dynamic balance and 6-minute walk test (6MWT)) were applied. ResultsFourteen participants completed all experimental protocols, including a minimum seven-day washout period between protocols. NO2− plasma concentrations were consistently elevated in the NO3- condition at 0.41(0.40) μM compared to the PLA at 0.18(0.18) μM (p<0.001). The 6MWT showed higher values in BRJ with NO3- condition (19.60 meters [95%CI: 1.33 to 37.88]; p=0.038), while the other physical performance tests did not show significant difference between conditions (p>0.05). ConclusionsOur findings suggest benefits in the physical performance of activities with longer durations, indicating that the adaptation caused by ingestion of NO3- may be related to the cardiorespiratory capacity.

Analyzing the Performance and Diversification Benefits of Healthcare Exchange-Traded Funds

Analyzing the Performance and Diversification Benefits of Healthcare Exchange-Traded Funds

FedQV: Leveraging Quadratic Voting in Federated Learning

Federated Learning (FL) permits different parties to collaboratively train a global model without disclosing their respective local labels. A crucial step of FL, that of aggregating local models to produce the global one, shares many similarities with public decision-making, and elections in particular. In that context, a major weakness of FL, namely its vulnerability to poisoning attacks, can be interpreted as a consequence of the one person one vote (henceforth 1p1v) principle that underpins most contemporary aggregation rules. In this paper, we introduce FedQV, a novel aggregation algorithm built upon the quadratic voting scheme, recently proposed as a better alternative to 1p1v-based elections. Our theoretical analysis establishes that FedQV is a truthful mechanism in which bidding according to one's true valuation is a dominant strategy that achieves a convergence rate matching that of state-of-the-art methods. Furthermore, our empirical analysis using multiple real-world datasets validates the superior performance of FedQV against poisoning attacks. It also shows that combining FedQV with unequal voting "budgets'' according to a reputation score increases its performance benefits even further. Finally, we show that FedQV can be easily combined with Byzantine-robust privacy-preserving mechanisms to enhance its robustness against both poisoning and privacy attacks.

FASA-DRAM: Reducing DRAM Latency with Destructive Activation and Delayed Restoration

DRAM memory is a performance bottleneck for many applications, due to its high access latency. Previous work has mainly focused on data locality, introducing small but fast regions to cache frequently accessed data, thereby reducing the average latency. However, these locality-based designs have three challenges in modern multi-core systems: (1) inter-application interference leads to random memory access traffic, (2) fairness issues prevent the memory controller from over-prioritizing data locality, and (3) write-intensive applications have much lower locality and evict substantial dirty entries. With frequent data movement between the fast in-DRAM cache and slow regular arrays, the overhead induced by moving data may even offset the performance and energy benefits of in-DRAM caching. In this article, we decouple the data movement process into two distinct phases. The first phase is Load-Reduced Destructive Activation (LRDA), which destructively promotes data into the in-DRAM cache. The second phase is Delayed Cycle-Stealing Restoration (DCSR), which restores the original data when the DRAM bank is idle. LRDA decouples the most time-consuming restoration phase from activation, and DCSR hides the restoration latency through prevalent bank-level parallelism. We propose FASA-DRAM, incorporating destructive activation and delayed restoration techniques to enable both in-DRAM caching and proactive latency-hiding mechanisms. Our evaluation shows that FASA-DRAM improves the average performance by 19.9% and reduces average DRAM energy consumption by 18.1% over DDR4 DRAM for four-core workloads, with less than 3.4% extra area overhead. Furthermore, FASA-DRAM outperforms state-of-the-art designs in both performance and energy efficiency.

Compression-assisted absorption refrigeration cycle employing organic working pairs for ultra-low grade heat recovery

Solar absorption refrigeration technology is considered an ideal alternative to energy-intensive refrigerated warehouses due to its decarbonization and environmental friendliness. However, it faces challenges in competing with vapor compression refrigeration, such as high driving heat source temperature (>100 °C) and a long payback period. In this paper, we address these challenges by focusing on cycle structure and working pair, and propose a compression-assisted absorption refrigeration cycle (CARC) using R32/dimethylacetamide (DMAC) as working pair. The aim is to significantly reduce driving heat source temperature by adjusting absorption pressure utilizing an auxiliary compressor, enabling the cycle to be connected to low-cost and efficient non-concentrating solar collectors, thereby effectively shortening its payback period. This cycle includes two operating modes: CARC mode powered by solar energy during the daytime and vapor compression refrigeration cycle mode driven by off-peak electricity at night, ensuring 24-hour cooling capacity for refrigerated warehouses. The results indicate that this cycle can flexibly utilize 60∼80 °C solar hot water easily obtained as driving heat source and its evaporation temperature decreases to -20 °C. To assess its performance benefits, a compression-assisted absorption refrigeration system is developed and implemented. By utilizing the limited roof area of a refrigerated warehouse, it can achieve an 18.2 % reduction in electricity consumption and a 24.2 % reduction in carbon emissions compared to the vapor compression one annually. Additionally, during peak electricity demand periods in summer, the system exhibits significant energy-saving effects, and its payback period is about 4.2 years. Ultimately, this cycle provides a viable solution for energy-saving and emission reduction in refrigerated warehouses.

Upgrade and performance evaluation of G8+ large-size cast mono-Si ingot

With the rapid growth of CZ mono-Si solar cell technology in the global market, the development of cast mono-Si faces challenges in terms of crystal quality and cost. This study introduces the first preparation of a G8+ large-size casting furnace by upgrading a G7 furnace to enhance casting mono-Si's performance and economic benefits. The effects of the G8+ casting furnace on the preparation cost of mono-Si ingot, crystal quality and its impact on the performance of solar cells were thoroughly investigated. Modifying the thermal field and optimizing the seed pavement strategy increased the G8+ cast mono-Si ingot weight to 1600 kg, raised the monocrystalline ratio to approximately 98 %, and achieved an effective yield exceeding 50 %. Solar cells made from G8+ cast mono-Si demonstrated electrical performance comparable to CZ mono-Si cells, achieving an average efficiency of 22.64 % with only a 0.3 % efficiency gap. Consequently, the upsizing of cast mono-Si ingots and adopting rigorous defect control strategies could significantly enhance the electrical performance and manufacturing productivity of cast mono-Si.

Parametric investigation of flow and heat transfer on the reflooding quenching of a cylinder rod in forced convection

A reflooding quenching boiling experiment in forced convection was conducted to investigate the flow and heat transfer performance of a FeCrAl cylindrical rod under various subcooling degrees and flow rates. Employing image processing and inverse heat conduction problem (IHCP) methods, the research provides insights into vapor film thickness, quenching front propagation, wall temperature cooling rate and minimum film boiling temperature. Key observations include the presence of numerous extremely small bubbles dispersing around the rod and a third quenching front appears in the middle of the rod under higher subcooling condition at 25 °C, attributed to a thinner vapor film, smaller bubbles resulting from film rupture and the inertia of fluid flow. Within the experimental range, the impact of the subcooling degree on the fluid flow and heat transfer performance during the quenching boiling process is more pronounced than that of the coolant flow rate. The evolution of the vapor film indicates a substantial reduction of 78.76 % in film thickness and a significant increase of 185.71 % in propagation velocity with an increase in subcooling degree, while an elevation in flow rate lead to a 29.84 % decrease in film thickness and a 45 % increase in propagation velocity. Heat transfer performance benefits from increased subcooling degrees throughout the entire quenching boiling process, whereas flow rate impacts the heat transfer performance of film boiling alone. Furthermore, by incorporating the impact of flow velocity, a predictive formula for Tmin is established with an error margin within ±5 %.

Comparative catalytic performance of PGM-nanoparticle-doped alumina Xerogels and aerogels for potential application in automotive pollution mitigation

The structural (low density, high porosity), thermal (low thermal conductivity, high temperature stability), and chemical (high degree of tailorability) properties of aerogels make them attractive in a range of applications, including catalysis. The automotive industry relies on three-way-catalysts (TWCs) for automotive pollution mitigation, and TWCs in turn depend heavily on the use of platinum group metals (PGMs). Reduction of the use of PGMs in TWCs would be advantageous. To investigate the effect of aerogel structure and processing on three-way catalytic performance we prepared alumina wet gels doped with ca. 15 nm rhodium and palladium nanoparticles and dried them (1) supercritically to form aerogels and (2) under ambient conditions to form xerogels. Nanoparticle concentration was adjusted to ensure that both forms of the catalyst (aerogel and xerogel) had the same volumetric concentration of PGM after calcination to 800°C. Powder x-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) confirmed the presence of PGMs. TEM images showed PGM particle agglomeration on the order of 40 to 200 nm in both the aerogel and xerogel materials. Gas adsorption analysis indicated that the aerogels have a surface area of 460 m2/g with most pores in the 2- to 100-nm range, whereas the xerogel surface area was 170 m2/g with a narrow pore distribution around 10 nm. Catalytic performance tests under a range of simulated automotive operating conditions show that, in all cases, the aerogels outperformed the xerogels. The aerogel light-off temperatures (the temperature at which a 50 % conversion is achieved) were 45 to 120 °C lower for the conversion of HCs, 25 to 55 °C lower for the conversion of CO and 40 to 145 °C lower for the conversion of NO. This study provides direct evidence that aerogel processing of catalysts provides catalytic performance benefits separate from the underlying chemistry of the catalysts.

A compact self-powered inductor-less piezoelectric energy harvesting circuit using gyrator

In traditional low-frequency energy harvesting circuits, a large matched inductor with a large size is unavoidable. To reduce the size of the circuit, this paper proposes a compact self-powered inductor-less high-efficiency piezoelectric energy harvesting circuit using a low-power-consumption gyrator. A self-powered floating gyrator inductor is used in place of an inductor in the proposed circuit, and the required phasor response is acquired by using its voltage–current (V–I) relationship. The proposed circuit offers easy adjustability and performance benefits in small integrated circuits packages. The proposed circuit can be cost-effective and provide reduced area advantages in autonomous self-powered Internet-of-Things and wireless sensor nodes applications. Regarding harvested energy, the proposed circuit with a storage capacitor of 0.24 F can obtain 320% improved performance than standard energy harvesting along with the lowest power consumption of 0.25 µW in self-powered operation. The proposed technique can also be applied to similar piezoelectric energy harvesting strategies with large inductors.

Social Learning with Actor–Critic for dynamic grasping of underwater robots via digital twins

Dynamic grasping is a crucial technology in the field of underwater robotics, playing an essential role in executing complex tasks. However, traditional control methods encounter challenges in achieving an efficient and stable dynamic grasping process due to the complexities and uncertainties of underwater environments. This paper introduces a novel black-box intelligent optimization algorithm named Social Learning with Actor–Critic (SLAC) for the dynamic grasping of underwater robots. The core architecture of SLAC is based on the integration of two key algorithms: Intelligent Social Learning (ISL) for intelligent optimization and Soft Actor–Critic (SAC) for reinforcement learning. ISL enhances SAC by supplying a larger number of transitions, whereas SAC improves ISL with more effective strategies. These algorithms interact synergistically, augmenting their respective strengths throughout the learning process. To evaluate SLAC’s performance, a comparison is made with six state-of-the-art methods across eight continuous control benchmark cases. The results highlight SLAC’s exceptional learning capability and performance benefits. Furthermore, virtual reality software for the underwater robot and a corresponding digital twin system have been developed. The SLAC algorithm is trained in the digital twin environment before its application in the actual underwater setting. Through interactive training and iterative learning, both simulated and experimental results demonstrate the robot’s proficiency in achieving efficient and stable dynamic grasping, effectively adapting to various underwater environments’ variations and complexities.

Boost the Circularly Polarized Phosphorescence of Chiral Organometallic Platinum Complexes by Hierarchical Assembly into Fibrillar Networks.

Circularly polarized luminescence (CPL)-active molecular materials have drawn increasing attention due to their promising applications for next-generation display and optoelectronic technologies. Currently, it is challenging to obtain CPL materials with both large luminescence dissymmetry factor (glum) and high quantum yield (Φ). A pair of enantiomeric N N C-type Pt(II) complexes (L/D)-1 modified with chiral Leucine methyl ester are presented herein. Though the solutions of these complexes are CPL-inactive, the spin-coated thin films of (L/D)-1 exhibit giantly-amplified circularly polarized phosphorescences with |glum| of 0.53 at 560 nm and Φair of ~50 %, as well as appealing circular dichroism (CD) signals with the maximum absorption dissymmetry factor |gabs| of 0.37-0.43 at 480 nm. This superior CPL performance benefits from the hierarchical formation of crystalline fibrillar networks upon spin coating. Comparative studies of another pair of chiral Pt(II) complexes (L/D)-2 with a symmetric N C N coordination mode suggest that the asymmetric N N C coordination of (L/D)-1 are favorable for the efficient exciton delocalization to amplify the CPL performance. Optical applications of the thin films of (L/D)-1 in CPL-contrast imaging and inducing CP light generation from achiral emitters and common light-emitting diode lamps have been successfully realized.

Boost the Circularly Polarized Phosphorescence of Chiral Organometallic Platinum Complexes by Hierarchical Assembly into Fibrillar Networks

AbstractCircularly polarized luminescence (CPL)‐active molecular materials have drawn increasing attention due to their promising applications for next‐generation display and optoelectronic technologies. Currently, it is challenging to obtain CPL materials with both large luminescence dissymmetry factor (glum) and high quantum yield (Φ). A pair of enantiomeric N N C‐type Pt(II) complexes (L/D)‐1 modified with chiral Leucine methyl ester are presented herein. Though the solutions of these complexes are CPL‐inactive, the spin‐coated thin films of (L/D)‐1 exhibit giantly‐amplified circularly polarized phosphorescences with |glum| of 0.53 at 560 nm and Φair of ~50 %, as well as appealing circular dichroism (CD) signals with the maximum absorption dissymmetry factor |gabs| of 0.37–0.43 at 480 nm. This superior CPL performance benefits from the hierarchical formation of crystalline fibrillar networks upon spin coating. Comparative studies of another pair of chiral Pt(II) complexes (L/D)‐2 with a symmetric N C N coordination mode suggest that the asymmetric N N C coordination of (L/D)‐1 are favorable for the efficient exciton delocalization to amplify the CPL performance. Optical applications of the thin films of (L/D)‐1 in CPL‐contrast imaging and inducing CP light generation from achiral emitters and common light‐emitting diode lamps have been successfully realized.

Evaluating Recycled Concrete Aggregate and Sand for Sustainable Construction Performance and Environmental Benefits

This research investigates the potential of utilizing recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) and recycled sand (RS), derived from crushed concrete cubes, as sustainable alternatives in construction materials. The study comprehensively evaluates the properties of RCA and RS, focusing on workability, impact resistance, abrasion resistance, and compressive strength to determine their viability as substitute construction materials. A notable finding is RS’s enhanced fire and heat resistance when used as a fine aggregate in mortar blends, mixed with cement and Sinicon PP in a 3:1 ratio. The experimental analysis included thorough assessments of uniformity, durability, and curing time, alongside Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) for structural examination. Results show that RCA has an Aggregate Impact Value (AIV) of 5.76% and a Los Angeles Abrasion Value (LAA) of 21.78%, demonstrating excellent strength of the recycled aggregates. The mortar mix was also prepared using recycled sand, cement, and Sinicon PP, and its stability was confirmed through soundness tests, which resulted in a 0.53 mm expansion and a satisfactory consistency level of 44%. Ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) tests also indicated high-quality concrete formation using RCA and RS. SEM imaging corroborated this by revealing a bond between the cement paste and the aggregates. Incorporating RS and RCA in concrete mixtures impressively yielded a compressive strength of 26.22 N/mm2 in M20-grade concrete. The study concludes that using RCA and RS waste materials in the construction sector underlines that sustainable practices can be integrated without compromising material quality. This approach aligns with sustainable development goals and fosters a more environmentally friendly construction industry.

Evaluation of energy performance and ecological benefit of free-cooling system for data centers in worldwide climates

Water-side economizer (WSE) is an effective free-cooling solution aiming to enhance the natural cooling duration and in turn reduce the cooling-energy consumption of data centers. However, the system's performance is constrained by the limited understanding of its control mechanisms and the influence of local climatic conditions on its free-cooling capabilities. To overcome these limitations, a thermodynamic model of the WSE system with control strategies is provided and its adaptability performance in diverse worldwide locations is systematically evaluated. Modelica-based models of chiller plants and control strategies are firstly developed, and then the energy consumption and ecological benefit of the WSE system are investigated via large-scale simulations in worldwide climates. The performance indicators and application potential of the system are demonstrated through visualization maps. The analysis reveals significant energy savings potential of the WSE system, with the capacity to reduce annual cooling energy consumption of data centers by 4.4–33.7 % in hot to marine zones, and even by a remarkable 62.6 % in plateaus and cold zones. Furthermore, it is observed that every 1 °C increase in outdoor air temperature can reduce energy efficiency ratio by 1.3–8.7 % while simultaneously increase PUE by 0.3–1.0 %. The ecological benefit results revealed that the WSE system can effectively harness larger quantities of stable free-cooling resources in mixed and cool climate zones, exceeding its capabilities in hot and warm regions. These results offer valuable insights for the impact of climate on the energy and ecological benefits of WSE system for data center, which can be helpful to guide the design or retrofit of such cooling systems in specific locations, presenting an immense opportunity to maximize cooling-energy savings.

Optimum eicosapentaenoic acid + docosahexaenoic acid levels for farmed Atlantic salmon: closing the gap between science and commercial practice

The shift from fish oil to vegetable oil (VO) sources has lowered eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) levels in salmon aquafeeds. VOs are high in omega-6 and low in omega-3 essential fatty acids like EPA and DHA, crucial for fish metabolism and immunity. Algal oil (AO), with high EPA + DHA and lower omega-6 levels supports fish health and growth, but transferring lab-controlled conditions to real-world commercial farming remains a challenge. This study explored the benefits of high dietary EPA + DHA levels through a commercial farm (CF) study in Chile and a Big Data (BD) study in Norway. The CF study, involving 625,000 Atlantic salmon, compared standard feed with AO-supplemented feed. The latter resulted in improved health responses and better fillet quality. The BD study analyzed real data from 232.6 million fish, revealing that EPA + DHA levels &amp;gt; 8% reduce mortality variability by 21%, improve economic feed conversion ratio by 11%, and increase the likelihood of superior harvests by 27%, demonstrating productivity benefits. Both studies emphasize the advantages of feeds with EPA + DHA levels above typical industry practices, enhancing growth, health, and nutritional quality. Importantly, the BD study complements the CF study, bridging the gap between science and aquafarms, and providing evidence that diets with EPA + DHA &amp;gt; 8% offer biological performance benefits for farmers, regardless of farming environments.