Benchmark Points Research Articles

Sharpening the A → Z(*)h signature of the Type-II 2HDM at the LHC through advanced Machine Learning

The A → Z(*)h decay signature has been highlighted as possibly being the first testable probe of the Standard Model (SM) Higgs boson discovered in 2012 (h) interacting with Higgs companion states, such as those existing in a 2-Higgs Doublet Model (2HDM), chiefly, a CP-odd one (A). The production mechanism of the latter at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) takes place via bb¯\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$ b\\overline{b} $$\\end{document}-annihilation and/or gg-fusion, depending on the 2HDM parameters, in turn dictated by the Yukawa structure of this Beyond the SM (BSM) scenario. Among the possible incarnations of the 2HDM, we test here the so-called Type-II, for a twofold reason. On the one hand, it intriguingly offers two very distinct parameter regions compliant with the SM-like Higgs measurements, i.e., where the so-called ‘SM limit’ of the 2HDM can be achieved. On the other hand, in both configurations, the AZh coupling is generally small, hence the signal is strongly polluted by backgrounds, so that the exploitation of Machine Learning (ML) techniques becomes extremely useful. In this paper, we show that the application of advanced ML implementations can be decisive in establishing such a signal. This is true for all distinctive kinematical configurations involving the A → Z(*)h decay, i.e., below threshold (mA < mZ + mh), at its maximum (mZ + mh < mA < 2mt) and near the onset of tt¯\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$ t\\overline{t} $$\\end{document} pair production (mA ≈ 2mt), for which we propose Benchmark Points (BPs) for future phenomenological analyses.

Beyond lepton number violation at the HL-LHC: resolving heavy neutrino-antineutrino oscillations

Collider testable low-scale seesaw models predict pseudo-Dirac heavy neutrinos, that can produce an oscillating pattern of lepton number conserving and lepton number violating events. We explore if such heavy neutrino-antineutrino oscillations can be resolved at the HL-LHC. To that end, we employ the first ever full Monte Carlo simulation of the oscillations, for several example benchmark points, and show under which conditions the CMS experiment is able to discover them. The workflow builds on a FeynRules model file for the phenomenological symmetry protected seesaw scenario (pSPSS) and a patched version of MadGraph, able to simulate heavy neutrino-antineutrino oscillations. We use the fast detector simulation Delphes and present a statistical analysis capable of inferring the significance of oscillations in the simulated data. Our results demonstrate that, for heavy neutrino mass splittings smaller than about 100 μeV, the discovery prospects for heavy neutrino-antineutrino oscillation at the HL-LHC are promising.

Multi muon/anti-muon signals via productions of gauge and scalar bosons in a U(1)_{L_mu - L_tau } model at muonic colliders

We discuss the discovery potential of a promising signals, 3 times mu ^+ mu ^- at a mu ^+ mu ^- collider and mu ^+ mu ^+ mu ^+ mu ^+ mu ^- mu ^- at a mu ^+ mu ^+ collider, that are obtained via production of Z' and a new scalar boson phi in a spontaneously broken local U(1)_{L_mu - L_tau } model. We consider the Z' associated production from the process mu ^+ mu ^- rightarrow phi Z' in addition to a muonphilic Z' fusion process mu ^+ mu ^pm rightarrow phi mu ^+ mu ^pm . The scalar boson is associated with U(1)_{L_mu - L_tau } symmetry breaking and dominantly decays into Z' Z' mode. We carry out numerical simulation analysis for signal and background processes to estimate a discovery significance for different benchmark points. It is shown that our signal can be observed with integrated luminosity less than mathcal {O}(100) fb^{-1} for both mu ^+ mu ^- and mu ^+ mu ^+ colliders with more than 5-sigma significance.

The reaction rate of radiative n8Li capture in the range from 0.01 to 10 T9

Within the modified potential cluster model (MPCM) with forbidden states, the total cross sections are calculated for capture in the ground and first excited states of the9Li nucleus in then8Li channel in the energy range from 10−5 eV to 5 MeV based onЕ1 andM1 transitions. The experimentally proved resonance atEc.m.= 0.232 MeV in the4P5/2wave andab initio-predicted4P3/2resonance at 1.32 MeV [Phys. Rev. C 103, 035801 (2021)] are considered. The strong impact of the asymptotic constant and channel spectroscopic factors on the total capture cross sections are responsible for the variation in the absolute values within factor two. As a consequence, the thermal cross sections areσtherm=24–46.8 mb. The evaluation ofσthermbased on the extrapolation ofab initiocross sections yields ∼85 mb. The reaction rate is calculated in the temperature range from 0.01 to 10T9. The reported reaction rates are compared at the benchmark point 1T9. The comparison of two datasets [Phys. Rev. C 103, 035801 (2021) and Phys. Rev. C 105, 064608 (2022)] on reaction rates recently calculated in microscopic models in extended temperature intervals shows the essential quantitative and qualitative differences. The comparative joint analysis of the reaction rates of radiative neutron capture on the lithium isotopes6,7,8Li is suggested for the choice of an optimal interval for the asymptotic constants.

The Z resonance, inelastic dark matter, and new physics anomalies in the Simple Extension of the Standard Model (SESM) with general scalar potential

We consider the generic scalar potential with CP-violation, and study the Z resonance and inelastic dark matter in the Simple Extension of the Standard Model (SESM), which can explain the dark matter as well as new physics anomalies such as the B physics anomalies and muon anomalous magnetic moment, etc. With the new scalar potential terms, we obtain the mass splittings for the real and imaginary parts of scalar fields. And thus we can have the DM co-annihilation process mediated by Z boson, which couples exclusively to the CP-even and CP-odd parts of scalar fields. This is a brand new feature compared to the previous study. For the CP conserving case, we present the viable parameter space for the Higgs and Z resonances, which can explain the B physics anomalies, muon anomalous magnetic moment, and dark matter relic density, as well as evade the constraint from the XENON1T direct detection simultaneously. For the CP-violating case, we consider the inelastic dark matter, and study four concrete scenarios for the inelastic DM-nucleon scatterings mediated by the Higgs and Z bosons in details. Also, we present the benchmark points which satisfy the aforementioned constraints. Furthermore, we investigate the constraints from the dark matter-electron inelastic scattering processes mediated by the Higgs and Z bosons in light of the XENONnT data. We show that the constraint on the Z mediated process is weak, while the Higgs mediated process excludes the dark matter with mass around several MeV.

Prospects of gluino searches in multi-lepton channels in light of the ongoing LHC RUN-III

This study investigates the prospect of discovering strongly interacting gluinos in different multi-lepton channels with lepton multiplicities greater than or equal to 2 at LHC RUN-III, considering several pMSSM scenarios. The effectiveness of the multivariate analysis (MVA) method with the boosted decision tree (BDT) algorithm is explored to obtain a better significance for different models. Promising results are obtained for the 3-lepton channels, indicating that the use of MVA methods can improve the sensitivity of the search for gluinos at LHC RUN-III. The study probes the multi-lepton signatures arising from gluinos via intermediate eweakinos and sleptons at an early stage of the LHC RUN-III. The heavier eweakinos can give rise to three or four lepton signals, in which the squark hierarchy between the L and R types plays a crucial role. The study considers two sets of benchmark points that satisfy all the collider constraints obtained from the LHC RUN-II data. Moreover, these sets of benchmark points are mostly consistent with WMAP/PLANCK data and the muon (g-2) constraint. The corresponding results from the MVA technique demonstrate that, even for an integrated luminosity of 270 , the 5 σ discovery prospect of for TeV in the wino type model is promising. The study also presents various other models that may emerge at the early stage of LHC RUN-III. Wino type models in the scenario where left squarks are light and right squarks are heavy exhibit the best prospect of discovering gluinos in multi-lepton channels in the LHC RUN-III experiment. The findings of this study provide crucial insights into the potential discovery of gluinos in multi-lepton channels.

Application of Fixed-Wing UAVs to Develop Digital Terrain Model on Coastal Peatland Bengkalis Island

Destructive abrasion is currently occurring in Teluk Papal Village. The coast of Teluk Papal Village has a humus soil structure with soil conditions with a type of peat that is relatively easy to decompose. The cause is along the coast because of the absence of coastal protection plants (mangroves). To prevent the increasing abrasion rate, a comprehensive plan is needed by involving relevant stakeholders in both short and long-term planning. One of the efforts in controlling the abrasion rate is the construction of breakwater buildings. Before the construction is carried out, a study is needed to support the breakwater construction. One of the supports is to make a topographic or contour map. The field data acquisition process uses Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) technology. This data processing technique uses photogrammetric data processing techniques with the stages of flight path planning, measurement of Ground Control Point (GCP), and Benchmark points, which are then tied to BIG's CORS points to produce higher control point accuracy, Dense Cloud Point to create Digital Elevation Model (DEM) or Digital Terrain Model (DTM), and orthophoto embellishment. Furthermore, horizontal and vertical position accuracy tests were conducted using the calculation method issued by BIG regulation No. 15/2014 to provide information on how far the accuracy of the resulting map is. The results of the Digital Terrain Model (DTM) and orthophoto data accuracy test research based on the results of the accuracy test obtained a LE90 value of 0.6757 meters, then for the CE90 value of 0.1543 meters so that it meets the map requirements at a scale of 1:2500 at class 1 horizontal accuracy and class 2 vertical accuracy.&#x0D; Keywords: Digital Elevation Model, Ground Control Point, Orthophoto, Topography, Unmanned Aerial Vehicle

X-Ray and Ultraviolet Emission of the Young Planet-hosting Star V1298 Tau from Coordinated Observations with XMM-Newton and Hubble Space Telescope

Atmospheric mass loss plays a major role in the evolution of exoplanets. This process is driven by the stellar high-energy irradiation, especially in the first hundreds of millions of years after dissipation of the proto-planetary disk. A major source of uncertainty in modeling atmospheric photoevaporation and photochemistry is due to the lack of direct measurements of the stellar flux at extreme-UV (EUV) wavelengths. Several empirical relationships have been proposed in the past to link EUV fluxes to emission levels in X-rays, but the stellar samples employed for this aim are heterogeneous, and the available scaling laws provide significantly different predictions, especially for very active stars. We present new far-UV and X-ray observations of V1298 Tau with Hubble Space Telescope/Cosmic Origins Spectrograph and XMM-Newton, aimed to determine more accurately the high-energy emission of this solar-mass pre-main-sequence star, which hosts four exoplanets. Spectroscopic data were employed to derive the plasma emission measure distribution versus temperature, from the chromosphere to the corona, and the possible variability of this irradiation on short and year-long timescales, due to magnetic activity. As a side result, we have also measured the chemical abundances of several elements in the outer atmosphere of V1298 Tau. We employ our results as a new benchmark point for the calibration of the X-ray to EUV scaling laws, and hence to predict the time evolution of the irradiation in the EUV band, and its effect on the evaporation of exo-atmospheres.

Deconstructing squark contributions to di-Higgs production at the LHC

We present a novel approach to the study of di-Higgs production via gluon-gluon fusion at the LHC. The relevant Feynman diagrams involving two Standard Model-like Higgs bosons $hh$ are computed within a simplified model approach that enables one to interpret possible signals of new physics in a model-independent way as well as to map these onto specific theories. This is possible thanks to a decomposition of such a signal process into all its squared amplitudes and their relative interferences, each of which has a well-defined coupling structure. We illustrate the power of this procedure for the case of both a minimal and next-to-minimal representation of supersymmetry, for which the new physics effects are due to top squarks entering the loops of $gg\ensuremath{\rightarrow}hh$. The squarks yield both a change of the integrated cross section and peculiar kinematic features in its differential distributions with respect to the Standard Model. These effects can in turn be traced back to the relevant diagrammatic and coupling structures and allow for a detailed analysis of the process. In order to do so, we perform systematic scans of the parameter spaces of such new physics scenarios and identify benchmark points which exhibit potentially observable features during the current and upcoming runs of the LHC.

Processing algorithm of weekly records of the Roztochia landscape-geophysical station thermograph М-16АН as a response source of air temperature data

Formulation of the problem. During the database processing of the Roztochia landscape-geophysical station (RLGS), located in the village of Bryukhovychi, Lviv, an air temperature data gap for 1990–1991 was found. The task of the research was to find those sources about air temperature at RLGS, which would allow us to fill in the gaps during the night hours when, unfortunately, observers did not make measurements. Problems of further research. In comparison with the method adopted in Ukraine for processing weekly thermograph tapes, in this study, it is proposed to correct the air temperature value during their processing, compensating for accelerated or slowed rotation of the weekly thermograph drum. It is suggested to use only those dry bulb measurements carried out on days with cloudy or rainy weather. The purpose. The main goal was to find an algorithm for processing weekly thermograph tapes under the conditions of a partial absence of temperature measurements using a dry thermometer by an observer to fill in the gaps regarding night air temperature data. Research methods. The air temperature values falling during the measurement period were read from the thermograph tapes, and an electronic table was formed. The temperature values (difference estimation) were compared with the corresponding ones recorded in the "Books" of KM-1. At the same time, it was necessary to make two new corrections. The first correction will be made along the ordinate axis, changing the value of the temperature recorded by the thermograph compared to the values of the temperature measured by the dry thermometer. The second correction was made along the abscissa axis, compensating for the drum's slowed down or accelerated rotation. Presentation of the main research material. A brief description of the proposed algorithm for thermograph tape processing is as follows. In the spreadsheet, in separate columns, we record the temperature values during the observation periods: a) by dry thermometer and b) by thermograph at the points corresponding to the observation periods. Subtracting columns (a) and (b) values, we determine those dry bulb temperature values suitable for calculating corrections. We reject too significant differences that occur during rapid temperature changes. Next, we look for points on the thermograph tape that serve as time benchmarks (the starting and ending points of the temperature curve and the places where the observer draws vertical lines). These temperature values will form column (c). It will additionally include the temperature values obtained by reading the temperature from the tape for rainy and/or overcast days for points whose localization is corrected for time. The difference between column (a) and column (c) will give the temperature correction for several observation periods on each weekly strip taken separately. The last step is the linear interpolation of temperature corrections between neighbouring points of intermediate observation periods. Practical value. The proposed algorithm may help eliminate gaps in temperature data at other observation points, where the thermograph served as a backup device for recording air temperature. Research results. The measurements that fall on rainy and overcast weather are best suited for calculating thermograph corrections when air temperature changes slow down. It is necessary to identify benchmark points of time fixation, to which the observer must add the moments of putting on and removing the tape from the drum.

Charged Higgs induced 5 and 6 lepton signatures from heavy neutrinos at the LHC

We propose an anomaly free gauged U(1) extension of the SM where three right handed heavy neutrinos, being charged under the general U(1) gauge group, are introduced to explain the origin of the tiny neutrino mass through the seesaw mechanism after the general U(1) symmetry is broken. Due to the breaking of the general U(1) symmetry a neutral beyond the standard model gauge boson Z^prime acquires mass. There are two Higgs doublets in this model where one interacts with the SM fermions and the other one interacts with the right handed heavy neutrinos and charged leptons. The charged multiplet of the second Higgs can completely decay into the heavy neutrinos and charged lepton in the neutrinophilic limit of the model parameters. The charged Higgs pair production can be influenced due to presence of the Z^prime boson at the High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) in addition to the neutral SM gauge bosons. The pair produced charged Higgs bosons decay into SM charged leptons and heavy neutrinos. Following the leading decay modes of the heavy neutrinos into charged leptons and W boson we study the 5 and 6 lepton final states after the leptonic and hadronic decay of the W bosons considering solely muons and electrons in the final state. Combining the electron and muon final states we estimate the significance of the 5 and 6 charged lepton processes in the m_{H^pm }-m_N plane for different benchmark points of m_{Z^prime }. It is found that the 5 (6) charged lepton processes could be probed at the High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) with at least 5 (3) sigma significance and there are parameter regions where the significance could be larger.

Early universe dynamics of PQ field with very small self-coupling and its implications for axion dark matter

Axion-like particles (ALPs) are often considered as good candidates for dark matter. Several mechanisms generating relic abundance of ALP dark matter have been proposed. They may involve processes which take place before, during or after cosmic inflation. In all cases an important role is played by the potential of the corresponding Peccei-Quinn (PQ) field. Quite often this potential is assumed to be dominated by a quartic term with a very small coupling. We show that in such situation it is crucial to take into account different kinds of corrections especially in models in which the PQ field evolves during and after inflation. We investigate how such evolution changes due to radiative, thermal and geometric corrections. In many cases those changes are very important and result in strong modifications of the predictions of a model. They may strongly influence the amount of ALP contributions to cold and warm components of dark matter as well as the power spectrum of associated isocurvature perturbations. Models with a quasi-supersymmetric spectrum of particles to which the PQ field couples seem to be especially interesting.Qualitative features of such models are discussed with the help of approximate analytical formulae. However, the dynamics of the PQ field with the considered corrections taken into account is more complicated than in the case without corrections so dedicated numerical calculations are necessary to obtain precise predictions.We present such results for some characteristic benchmark points in the parameter space.

Review on Deep Learning Algorithms and Benchmark Datasets for Pairwise Global Point Cloud Registration

Point cloud registration is the process of aligning point clouds collected at different locations of the same scene, which transforms the data into a common coordinate system and forms an integrated dataset. It is a fundamental task before the application of point cloud data. Recent years have witnessed the rapid development of various deep-learning-based global registration methods to improve performance. Therefore, it is appropriate to carry out a comprehensive review of the more recent developments in this area. As the developments require access to large benchmark point cloud datasets, the most widely used public datasets are also reviewed. The performance of deep-learning-based registration methods on the benchmark datasets are summarized using the reported performance metrics in the literature. This forms part of a critical discussion of the strengths and weaknesses of the various methods considered in this article, which supports presentation of the main challenges currently faced in typical global point cloud registration tasks that use deep learning methods. Recommendations for potential future studies on this topic are provided.

Searches for heavy neutrinos at multi-TeV muon collider: a resonant leptogenesis perspective

In this work, the Standard Model (SM) is extended with two right-handed (RH) neutrinos and two singlet neutral fermions to yield active neutrino masses via (2,2) inverse see-saw mechanism. We first validate the multi-dimensional model parameter space with neutrino oscillation data, obeying the experimental bounds coming from the lepton flavor violating (LFV) decays: mu rightarrow e gamma ,~ tau rightarrow e gamma , ~ tau rightarrow mu gamma . Besides we also search for the portion of the parameter space which yield the observed baryon asymmetry of the universe via resonant leptogenesis. Further, we pick up a few benchmark points from the aforementioned parameter space with TeV scale heavy neutrinos and perform an exhaustive collider analysis of the final states: 2l + E_T !!!!!!/;, and 1,l + 2j + not ! E_T in multi-TeV muon collider.

Discerning singlet and triplet scalars at the electroweak phase transition and gravitational wave

In this article we examine the prospect of first order phase transition with a Y=0 real $SU(2)$ triplet extension of the Standard Model, which remains odd under $Z_2$, considering the observed Higgs boson mass, perturbative unitarity, dark matter constraints, etc. Especially we investigate the role of Higgs-triplet quartic coupling considering one- and two-loop beta functions and compare the results with the complex singlet extension case. It is observed that at the one-loop level, no solution can be found for both, demanding the Planck scale perturbativity. However, for a much lower scale of $10^4$ GeV, the singlet case predicts first order phase transition consistent with the observed Higgs boson mass. On the contrary, at the two-loop, both the scenarios foresee strongly first order phase transition consistent with the observed Higgs mass with upper bounds of 310, 909 GeV on the triplet and singlet masses, respectively. This puts the triplet in apparent contradiction with the observed dark matter relic bound and thus requires additional field for that. The preferred regions of the parameter space in both cases are identified by benchmark points, that predict the Gravitational Waves with detectable frequencies in the present and future experiments.

Pseudoscalar MSSM Higgs Production at NLO SUSY-QCD

One of the most important mechanisms at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) for the production of the pseudoscalar Higgs boson of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) is the loop-induced gluon fusion process gg → A. The higher-order QCD corrections have been obtained a long time ago and turned out to be large. However, the genuine supersymmetric (SUSY–)QCD corrections have been obtained only in the limit of large SUSY particle masses so far. We describe our calculation of the next-to-leading-order (NLO) SUSY-QCD results with full mass dependence and present numerical results for a few representative benchmark points. We also address the treatment of the effective top and bottom Yukawa couplings, in the case of heavy SUSY particles, in terms of effective low-energy theories where the heavy degrees of freedom have been decoupled. Furthermore, we include a discussion of the relation between the SUSY-QCD corrections that we have computed and the Adler-Bardeen theorem for the axial anomaly. In addition, we apply our results to the gluonic and photonic pseudoscalar Higgs decays A → gg, γγ at NLO.

Land Planning and Site Plane Creation, Faculty of Engineering, University of Muhammadiyah Buton

Measurement of land development at the Faculty of Engineering, University of Muhammadiyah Buton is carried out to determine the condition of the land that will be used as a reference for developing, structuring land and planning from the University. Measurement method using the Theodolite tool. With the division of benchmark points (BM) in accordance with the conditions in the development land of the Faculty of Engineering. The measurement results can be used as a reference to carry out development planning appropriately. Processing is carried out in several stages, starting from literature studies, field surveys, data collection, measurement, data processing, to results and conclusions. The measurement process is carried out in several stages ranging from the manufacture and installation of benchmark (BM) benchmarks, BM point determination, site up Theodolite tools and detailed measurements. The results of this service activity are in the form of a development site plane plan image, elevation plan, and 3D view image. The measurement images can be used as a reference in carrying out future development of the land development of the Faculty of Engineering, University of Muhammadiyah Buton.

ASSESSMENT OF SEA LEVEL RISE IMPACT ON PENINSULAR MALAYSIA GEODETIC VERTICAL DATUM

Abstract. Sea level is the height of the ocean surface in relation to a benchmark or vertical control point. The rising of sea level has become a crucial topic, which frequently discussed among professionals, government, non-government, and researchers upon their devastating impacts on daily human life and human survival. Nevertheless, there is a great deal of ambiguity around the rates, ranges, and time frame of sea levels rise. It is importance to study the variation of present-day sea level rise to understand its impact, particularly on our National Geodetic Vertical Datum (NGVD). This study focuses on quantifying the rate and magnitude of sea level rise over Peninsular Malaysia using in-situ tide gauge and multi-mission satellite altimeter. The time period for tide gauge data used is 35 years (1984–2018) consisting 12 tide gauges in Peninsular Malaysia. Meanwhile, the period of satellite altimetry data is 26 years (1993–2018). This study uses robust fit regression (Iterative Re-weighted Least-Squares) for both tide gauge and satellite altimetry data to calculate the rate of sea level rise. The outcomes of this study show that the rate of sea level rise at Pelabuhan Kelang tide gauge station is the lowest among 12 other tide gauges with a rate of 2.36 ± 0.35 mm/year and slightly affected by sea level rise. Besides, the rate of sea level rise in Peninsular Malaysia is on an upward trend with an average of 3.20 ± 0.27 mm/year from tide gauge data and 4.14 ± 0.32 mm/year from satellite altimetry data. The sea level rise study provides insights to the rate and magnitude of sea level rise at tide gauge stations, particularly at Pelabuhan Kelang station for further study. Last but not least, this study would also benefit authorities in preparing mitigation plans to secure and improve our Peninsular Malaysia Geodetic Vertical Datum (PMGVD) for various applications.

SU(4)C × SU(2)L × U(1)R models with modular A4 symmetry

Abstract We study SU(4)C × SU(2)L × U(1)R models with modular A4 symmetry that provide a unified description of the quark and lepton sectors including the flavor structures. The models are distinguished by the assignments of the modular weight to matter superfields. We carry out numerical χ2 analysis and search for parameter sets that accommodate the experimental results. We provide a benchmark point for each model to illustrate the implications of our models.

Three-Dimensional Point Cloud Semantic Segmentation for Cultural Heritage: A Comprehensive Review

In the cultural heritage field, point clouds, as important raw data of geomatics, are not only three-dimensional (3D) spatial presentations of 3D objects but they also have the potential to gradually advance towards an intelligent data structure with scene understanding, autonomous cognition, and a decision-making ability. The approach of point cloud semantic segmentation as a preliminary stage can help to realize this advancement. With the demand for semantic comprehensibility of point cloud data and the widespread application of machine learning and deep learning approaches in point cloud semantic segmentation, there is a need for a comprehensive literature review covering the topics from the point cloud data acquisition to semantic segmentation algorithms with application strategies in cultural heritage. This paper first reviews the current trends of acquiring point cloud data of cultural heritage from a single platform with multiple sensors and multi-platform collaborative data fusion. Then, the point cloud semantic segmentation algorithms are discussed with their advantages, disadvantages, and specific applications in the cultural heritage field. These algorithms include region growing, model fitting, unsupervised clustering, supervised machine learning, and deep learning. In addition, we summarized the public benchmark point cloud datasets related to cultural heritage. Finally, the problems and constructive development trends of 3D point cloud semantic segmentation in the cultural heritage field are presented.