Behavioral Interactions Research Articles

A Comprehensive Review: Interaction of Appearance and Behavior, Artificial Skin, and Humanoid Robot

The development of robotics is undeniable in recent years. Many developing contries face the growth of the elderly population, it is the premise and impetus for the development of research on humanoid robots to serve humans. Many studies on various aspects of robotics are carried out in different parts of the world. Many novel methods were introduced for the design of the robot’s external appearance, internal mechanisms, and gestures. Recent research on humanoid robots is designed to appear to be copies of the anthropometric indicators of real people, which may affect the security of other people’s identities. Besides, these robots cause a feeling of horror in the user if their appearance is in the position of the uncanny valley. Therefore, these designs need to be carefully considered before fabrication. Artificial skin is studied for various purposes such as ensuring collision safety for industrial users and helping robots to perceive basic tactile sensations. This review consists of the recent literature on the interaction of appearance and behavior of robot interaction, artificial skin, and especially humanoid robots, including appearance, such as android and Geminoid robots. This work can provide a reference for humanoid robot research, including uncanny valley hypotheses, artificial skin, and humanoid robots.

Exploring the Behavior of Users With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder on Twitter: Comparative Analysis of Tweet Content and User Interactions.

With the widespread use of social media, people share their real-time thoughts and feelings via interactions on these platforms, including those revolving around mental health problems. This can provide a new opportunity for researchers to collect health-related data to study and analyze mental disorders. However, as one of the most common mental disorders, there are few studies regarding the manifestations of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) on social media. This study aims to examine and identify the different behavioral patterns and interactions of users with ADHD on Twitter through the text content and metadata of their posted tweets. First, we built 2 data sets: an ADHD user data set containing 3135 users who explicitly reported having ADHD on Twitter and a control data set made up of 3223 randomly selected Twitter users without ADHD. All historical tweets of users in both data sets were collected. We applied mixed methods in this study. We performed Top2Vec topic modeling to extract topics frequently mentioned by users with ADHD and those without ADHD and used thematic analysis to further compare the differences in contents that were discussed by the 2 groups under these topics. We used a distillBERT sentiment analysis model to calculate the sentiment scores for the emotion categories and compared the sentiment intensity and frequency. Finally, we extracted users' posting time, tweet categories, and the number of followers and followings from the metadata of tweets and compared the statistical distribution of these features between ADHD and non-ADHD groups. In contrast to the control group of the non-ADHD data set, users with ADHD tweeted about the inability to concentrate and manage time, sleep disturbance, and drug abuse. Users with ADHD felt confusion and annoyance more frequently, while they felt less excitement, caring, and curiosity (all P<.001). Users with ADHD were more sensitive to emotions and felt more intense feelings of nervousness, sadness, confusion, anger, and amusement (all P<.001). As for the posting characteristics, compared with controls, users with ADHD were more active in posting tweets (P=.04), especially at night between midnight and 6 AM (P<.001); posting more tweets with original content (P<.001); and following fewer people on Twitter (P<.001). This study revealed how users with ADHD behave and interact differently on Twitter compared with those without ADHD. On the basis of these differences, researchers, psychiatrists, and clinicians can use Twitter as a potentially powerful platform to monitor and study people with ADHD, provide additional health care support to them, improve the diagnostic criteria of ADHD, and design complementary tools for automatic ADHD detection.

Editorial: Human behavior, cognition, and environmental interactions for the lower paleolithic

Editorial: Human behavior, cognition, and environmental interactions for the lower paleolithic

When death comes: linking predator-prey activity patterns to timing of mortality to understand predation risk.

The assumption that activity and foraging are risky for prey underlies many predator-prey theories and has led to the use of predator-prey activity overlap as a proxy of predation risk. However, the simultaneous measures of prey and predator activity along with timing of predation required to test this assumption have not been available. Here, we used accelerometry data on snowshoe hares (Lepus americanus) and Canada lynx (Lynx canadensis) to determine activity patterns of prey and predators and match these to precise timing of predation. Surprisingly we found that lynx kills of hares were as likely to occur during the day when hares were inactive as at night when hares were active. We also found that activity rates of hares were not related to the chance of predation at daily and weekly scales, whereas lynx activity rates positively affected the diel pattern of lynx predation on hares and their weekly kill rates of hares. Our findings suggest that predator-prey diel activity overlap may not always be a good proxy of predation risk, and highlight a need for examining the link between predation and spatio-temporal behaviour of predator and prey to improve our understanding of how predator-prey behavioural interactions drive predation risk.

Influence of Auditory Integrative Training on Casein Kinase 2 and Its Impact on Behavioral and Social Interaction in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Considerable disturbances in post-translational protein phosphorylation have recently been discovered in multiple neurological disorders. Casein kinase-2 (CK2) is a tetrameric Ser/Thr protein kinase that phosphorylates a large number of substrates and contributes in several cellular physiological and pathological processes. CK2 is highly expressed in the mammalian brain and catalyzes the phosphorylation of a large number of substrates that are crucial in neuronal or glial homeostasis and inflammatory signaling processes across synapses. In this study, we investigated the impact of auditory integration therapy (AIT) for the treatment of sensory processing abnormalities in autism on plasma CK2 levels. A total of 25 ASD children, aged between 5 and 12 years, were enrolled and participated in the present research study. AIT was performed for two weeks, for a period of 30 min, twice a day, with a 3 h interval between sessions. Before and after AIT, the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS), Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS), and Short Sensory Profile (SSP) scores were calculated, and plasma CK2 levels were assayed using an ELISA test. The CARS and SRS indices of autism severity improved as a result of AIT, which could be related to the decreased level of plasma CK2. However, the mean value of the SSP scores was not significantly increased after AIT. The relationship between CK2 downregulation and glutamate excitotoxicity, neuro-inflammation, and leaky gut, as etiological mechanisms in ASD, was proposed and discussed. Further research, conducted on a larger scale and with a longer study duration, are required to assess whether the cognitive improvement in ASD children after AIT is related to the downregulation of CK2.

Neurotensin and Alcohol Use Disorders: Towards a Pharmacological Treatment.

Harmful alcohol use is responsible for a group of disorders collectively named alcohol use disorders (AUDs), according to the DSM-5 classification. The damage induced by alcohol depends on the amount, time, and consumption patterns (continuous and heavy episodic drinking). It affects individual global well-being and social and familial environments with variable impact. Alcohol addiction manifests with different degrees of organ and mental health detriment for the individual, exhibiting two main traits: compulsive drinking and negative emotional states occurring at withdrawal, frequently causing relapse episodes. Numerous individual and living conditions, including the concomitant use of other psychoactive substances, lie in the complexity of AUD. Ethanol and its metabolites directly impact the tissues and may cause local damage or alter the homeostasis of brain neurotransmission, immunity scaffolding, or cell repair biochemical pathways. Brain modulator and neurotransmitter-assembled neurocircuitries govern reward, reinforcement, social interaction, and consumption of alcohol behaviors in an intertwined manner. Experimental evidence supports the participation of neurotensin (NT) in preclinical models of alcohol addiction. For example, NT neurons in the central nucleus of the amygdala projecting to the parabrachial nucleus strengthen alcohol consumption and preference. In addition, the levels of NT in the frontal cortex were found to be lower in rats bred to prefer alcohol to water in a free alcohol-water choice compared to wild-type animals. NT receptors 1 and 2 seem to be involved in alcohol consumption and alcohol effects in several models of knockout mice. This review aims to present an updated picture of the role of NT systems in alcohol addiction and the possible use of nonpeptide ligands modulating the activity of the NT system, applied to experimental animal models of harmful drinking behavior mimicking alcohol addiction leading to health ruin in humans.

Measurement of thermal properties of ferro siliceous sacrificial radiation shielding concrete using semi-infinite transient heat conduction model

The accurate measurement of thermal properties of ferro siliceous sacrificial concrete (FSSC) is quite difficult but essential to study the radiation shielding behavior and molten core corium interaction (MCCI). The present study aims to propose a step-wise transient method based on a semi-infinite medium principle to measure the different thermal properties of FSSC using transient temperature measurement and a simple data processing approach. Various thermophysical properties such as specific heat, thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity and thermal effusivity are determined, which can be helpful to understand the ablation behavior of the FSSC during molten core-corium interaction in nuclear power plants. The results of specific heat of the FSSC vary from 760 to 770 J/kg.K, while the value of thermal conductivity lies in the range of 7.0–7.4 W/m.K. The average value of thermal diffusivity and thermal effusivity is found to be 2.51 × 10−6 m2/s and 3900.5 Jm−2K−1s−1/2, respectively. The specific heat obtained using semi-infinite assumptions is predicted well by the rule of mixture. The results of thermal conductivity obtained from the present model are compared with the results of the Serial, Parallel and Lichtnecker models available in the literature. These models under predict the value of thermal conductivity obtained from the experimental results.

Prospective analysis of deforestation determinants in the Amazonian landscapes

Amazonian landscapes are socio-ecological systems that provide fundamental ecosystem services for the maintenance of landscape regulation, biodiversity, and climate regulation. The increasing pressure of population density, productive activities over natural resources, infrastructure development, timber exploitation, and illicit crops among other determinants have put Amazonian landscapes at risk due to deforestation. This research work aims to understand the possible interactions of the determinants of Amazonian deforestation and to describe its complex behavior with the socio-ecological systems with a supporting vision for future studies. Initially, a rigorous analysis the of literature review on the determinants of deforestation in the Amazon was made to be carried out a systemic representation based on the dynamics of systems methodology on the behavioral interactions between these different determinants. The determinants of deforestation can be classified into determinants by activity, by support, by social dynamism, and by political pressure, which converge in these natural areas of the Amazonian landscape and transform into an urban-agricultural area, this change in the coverage of Amazonian land use generating rate environmental problems both locally and globally. By analyzing the causal relationships of the determinants of Amazon deforestation in the different scenarios, the proposed hypothesis is that with the large-scale increase of productive activities on natural resources, the Amazonian landscapes will not be sustainable in urban-agricultural environments. Finally, this research found that Amazon can confront different scenarios with diverse futures subject to the socio-ecological actions generated for the conservation and relevance of its ecosystem services.

Synergistic interactions between sewage sludge, polypropylene, and high-density polyethylene during co-pyrolysis: An investigation based on iso-conversional model-free methods and master plot analysis

Sewage sludge (SS) is a hazardous by-product of wastewater treatment processes that requires careful management for minimal environmental impacts and effective resource recovery. Through thermochemical processes such as pyrolysis, clean energy is recovered from SS in the form of bio-oil, biogas, and biochar. To improve the yield and quality of products, the co-pyrolysis of more than two materials is increasingly gaining interest. Here, the thermal behaviour, kinetics, and synergistic interactions during the co-pyrolysis of SS with polypropylene (PP) and high-density polyethylene (HDPE) were comparatively evaluated with thermogravimetric analysis at different mixing ratios and heat rates. Activation energies and reaction mechanisms were determined through iso-conversional model-free methods and master plot analysis. Evolved gases were monitored with thermogravimetric-mass spectrometry. Increased volatile conversion and degradation rates, and reduced activation energies during co-pyrolysis were mediated by synergistic interactions between H-radicals of PP/HDPE and oxygenated intermediates of SS. Contrary to the pyrolysis of SS, PP and HDPE, the co-pyrolysis processes are predominantly diffusion-controlled. Insights into the co-pyrolysis processes of SS/PP and SS/HDPE gained from this work provide the theoretical support for subsequent investigation, facilitate design of waste-to-energy reactor, and aid the adoption of the technology to harness the bioenergy potential of the feedstocks.

Linking vocal behaviours to habitat structure to create behavioural landscapes

The recent development of animal-borne sensors coupled with location data can provide insights into how individuals modify their behaviour with respect to specific habitat features. Animals can express a diverse array of behaviours as they navigate heterogenous landscapes, yet few studies have specifically evaluated the interaction of behaviours with habitat characteristics. We used a novel broadcast acoustic transmitter to investigate the interaction between vocal behaviours of an endemic Hawaiian thrush, the ʻōmaʻo, Myadestes obscurus, and habitat features across a naturally fragmented forest landscape. Through the development of behavioural landscape models that link specific vocalizations with space use, we found that the use of different vocalization types (calls, songs, whisper songs) were highly variable across the landscape but were associated with distinct habitat features. The likelihood of calls increased in an open lava matrix between forest patches, while whisper songs were more strongly associated with the dense interior areas of forest fragments. In contrast, the rate of ʻōmaʻo vocalizations overall decreased in the open lava matrix, suggesting that ʻōmaʻo may shift behaviours from territory defence to foraging as they transition through different habitats. Our study revealed context-specific changes in behaviour across ʻōmaʻo home ranges, including courtship, aggression and social interactions between individuals. Combining the use of a novel acoustic tool with automated radiotelemetry allowed us to overcome challenges associated with detection and analysis of variation in behaviour and resource selection across a highly heterogeneous landscape that would have been otherwise difficult to impossible.

Wetting Behavior and Support Interactions in Imidazolium-Based Supported Ionic Liquid Phase Materials─A Systematic Study by Solid-State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Supported ionic liquid phase (SILP) catalysts are an extremely promising class of materials that combine advantageous concepts from both homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis. Optimized SILP catalysts should exhibit a thin, homogeneous, and continuous film of the ionic liquid (IL) to avoid pore blocking and to ensure a good accessibility of the catalyst. Yet, the interactions between the IL and the support, which determine the formation of such a film, are still poorly understood. We investigate here in a systematic way the deposition of three imidazolium-based ILs on silica supports with different surface areas and morphologies using 1H magic angle spinning solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. We demonstrate that the point of complete surface wetting can be determined by the disappearance of the 1H resonance of isolated silanol groups and that this point depends both on the textural properties of the support material and the chemical properties of the IL. 1H chemical shifts also provide valuable insight into hydrogen bonding interactions within the IL and between the IL and the support. They indicate cleavage of the anion–cation hydrogen bonds upon IL deposition and the formation of new hydrogen bonds with the silica surface.

Evaluation of Human Behaviour Detection and Interaction with Information Projection for Drone-Based Night-Time Security

Night security is known for its long hours and heavy tasks. In Japan, a labor shortage of security guards has become an issue in recent years. To solve these problems, an increasing number of robotic security methods are being used. However, several problems exist with existing security robots. For example, wheeled robots traveling on the ground have difficulty in dealing with obstacles such as steps, while most drones are only for monitoring and do not have a function to help people. In this study, an aerial ubiquitous display (AUD) night security drone has been developed to solve the problems of existing security robots. The AUD is equipped with an infrared camera and a projector to detect human behavior at night and present information to people in need. In this paper, an experiment was conducted with the AUD to evaluate whether it can provide adequate nighttime security. In the experiment, real-time monitoring and information projection from the air were achieved. In addition, new security methods using the AUD were shown to be effective. Replacing security guards with the AUD to provide security at night will improve labor shortages in the future, and better security methods will be developed.

Quantification of the impact of pore pressure on relative permeability curves utilizing coreflood unit with gamma ray scanning capability

Physics of multiphase flow in porous media at Darcy scale heavily relies on the concept of relative permeability. Moreover, relative permeability is an important input parameter for numerical reservoir simulation for multiphase flow in porous media. Often fixed set of relative permeability curves is applied for the entire complex large-scale reservoir models whilst the pressure typically declines during a field’s production. In this study, we are experimentally focusing on investigating the effect of high pressures on relative permeability curves.We use a state-of-the-art custom-made relative permeability steady-state flow system with integrated gamma-ray scanning. We limit the fluids to a model oil, brine, and rock to avoid any secondary effects of fluid-rock interactions, such as wettability alteration, asphaltenes, and gas-dissolution, miscibility, and interaction of phase behavior and flow. We run the relative permeability scans at a fixed temperature (isotherm) and at several pore pressure values (isobars), such as 2000, 4000, 6000, and 8000 psi with fixed and variable net confining pressures. To be able to perform the analysis more diligently, we observe the in-situ phase saturations via two methods: mass balance and gamma-ray scanning. The resulting relative permeability curves are then compared to each other to examine the impact of pressure. We did not observe significant pressure effect on relative permeability measurements in simple model system used in this work, where minimal fluid-fluid and fluid-rock interactions occur. However, the outcome of this work should not be extended to more complex systems where strong fluid-fluid and rock-fluid interactions take place, such as gas flooding with strong solubility effects, and chemical flooding.Systematic analysis of the pressure effect on relative permeability is extremely scarce in the literature, even though the pressure varies significantly in the reservoir during the lifetime of the field. Therefore, it is essential to understand pressure effect on relative permeability under well controlled laboratory conditions. The outcomes of this paper may help engineers to improve their model predictions during field development and therefore decision-making processes.

Privacy-Preserving Continuous Authentication for Mobile and IoT Systems Using Warmup-Based Federated Learning

Continuous authentication for mobile devices acknowledges users by studying their behavioural interactions with their devices. It provides an extended protection mechanism that supplies an additional layer of security for smartphones and Internet of Things (IoT) devices and locks out intruders in cases of stolen credentials or hijacked sessions. Most of the continuous authentication efforts in the literature consist of collecting behavioural, sensory data from users and extracting statistical patterns through adopting various Machine Learning (ML) techniques. The main drawback of these approaches is their heavy reliance on acquiring the users' personal data, which exposes the latter's privacy. To address this limitation, we introduce a novel Federated Learning (FL) based continuous authentication mechanism for mobile and IoT devices. Our approach preserves the users' privacy by allowing each individual to locally train an ML model that captures his/her behaviour and then shares the model weights with the server for global aggregation. An extended scheme with a warmup FL approach for continuous authentication is proposed. Performance evaluation is done with a unique non-IID dataset built from three well-known datasets MNIST, CIFAR-10 and FEMNIST. The extensive experimental results show a major accuracy increase in user authentication.

Pedagogue’s psychological health as a factor of professional longevity

Introduction. The relevance of studying the problem of pedagogue’s professional longevity is accounted for by the need of the modern educational system in efficient and experienced teachers. Among the factors influencing the duration of professional activity, psychological health and its components are significant. The identified risks of psycho-emotional state, self-regulation of behaviour, self-perception and interpersonal interaction actualise the phenomenon of “professional longevity” and form the basis of psychological health. The purpose of the study is to reveal the correlation between the pedagogue’s psychological health and professional longevity. Research methodology and techniques. The theoretical basis of the research is represented by the ideas and concepts focused on the psychological component of general health as well as the notions of psychological health and factors influencing it. To investigate the relationship between psychological health and professional longevity, a group of testees was formed according to age category, with regard for their pedagogical experience. A total of 200 teachers from general educational organisations of Voronezh Region (Russian Federation) took part in the empirical survey. The selected techniques included: Psychological health diagnostics after A.V. Kozlova; “Self-regulation behaviour style”; research of self-esteem according to S.R. Pantileev. Spearman’s rank correlation method was used for statistical processing of the results. Results. The survey results analysis revealed the impact of psychological health indicators on the length of pedagogical activity. The interrelation between the pedagogues’ general self-regulation level and psychological health has been confirmed; in addition, some of self-attitude characteristics correlate with the indicators of psychological health (p &lt; 0,05). A high level of psychological health was revealed in 36% of the pedagogues having 10 to 25 years of professional experience. The low level of psychological health was recorded in pedagogues with longer service record (over 35 years). It was revealed that pedagogues with 10 to 25 years of experience paid much attention to the strategic, pro-social, creative and intellectual “vectors”. The overall level of self-regulation is the highest (over 70%) in the pedagogues with 10 to 25 and 25 to 35 years of experience. Conclusion. The level of identified psychological health characteristics is determined by pedagogical experience. This consideration should be taken into account, when working with older-age pedagogues, by creating due conditions for maintaining a properly high level of psychological health. Keywords: pegagogical profession, teaching experience, pedagogue’s professional longevity, psychological health, self-attitude, self-regulation, professionalism, modern education

(2R,6R)-hydroxynorketamine improves PTSD-associated behaviors and structural plasticity via modulating BDNF-mTOR signaling in the nucleus accumbens

BackgroundPost-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental illness caused by either experiencing or observing a traumatic event that is perceived to pose a serious risk to one's life. (2R,6R)-HNK has an alleviating effect on negative emotions, nevertheless, the mechanism of (2R,6R)-HNK action is unclear. MethodsIn this study, the single prolonged stress and electric foot shock (SPS&S) method was used to establish a rat model of PTSD. After determining the validity of the model, (2R,6R)-HNK was administered to the NAc by microinjection using a concentration gradient of 10, 50, and 100 μM, and the effects of the drug in the SPS&S rat model were evaluated. Moreover, our study measured changes in related proteins in the NAc (BDNF, p-mTOR/mTOR, and PSD95) and synaptic ultrastructure. ResultsIn the SPS&S group, the protein expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and PSD95 was reduced and synaptic morphology was damaged in the NAc. In contrast, after the administration of 50 μM (2R,6R)-HNK, SPS&S-treated rats improved their exploration and depression-linked behavior, while protein levels and synaptic ultrastructure were also restored in the NAc. With the administration of 100 μM (2R,6R)-HNK, locomotor behavior, and social interaction improved in the PTSD model. LimitationsThe mechanism of BDNF-mTOR signaling after (2R,6R)-HNK administration was not explored. Conclusion(2R,6R)-HNK may ameliorate negative mood and social avoidance symptoms in PTSD rats by regulating BDNF/mTOR-mediated synaptic structural plasticity in the NAc, providing new targets for the development of anti-PTSD drugs.

129 Horse-human interactions during group psychotherapy sessions

Incorporation of equine into mental health treatment continues to gain increased attention globally; however, there is a paucity of data quantifying behavioral interactions between humans and horses during these sessions. Therefore, the objective of this study was to quantify horse and human interactions during group psychotherapy sessions incorporating equine. Five college-aged women with anxiety took part in 7 weekly 90-min group psychotherapy sessions incorporating equine at a university. The group was facilitated by a licensed mental health counselor and equine specialist, with the same 3 equine partners throughout the 7 weeks. Sessions were videotaped and 4 of the sessions randomly selected for behavior coding. Ethograms of mutually exclusive human and horse behaviors were created and broadly categorized into non-aggressive interactions, aggressive interactions, and non-interaction behaviors. Thirty-second scan sampling was used to record behaviors by one trained observer throughout thestudy for a total of 640 time points. Behavior observations began when humans entered the arena and stopped when they exited. Means percentages of non-aggressive interactions and non-interactions were evaluated via t-test with differences set at P < 0.05. Humans and horses spent significantly more time (P = 0.01) engaged in non-interaction (58%) than in non-aggressive interaction behaviors (42%). No aggressive interactions were recorded. The most frequently observed interaction was “standing interaction” (i.e., horse or human standing within arm's reach of a human or horse, respectively). Further work is needed to identify the optimal quantity of horse and human interactions during psychotherapy sessions. Additionally, elucidating the role of these interactions in the treatment process is essential to support the practice of incorporating equine into mental health services.

Mental Experiences in Wild Animals: Scientifically Validating Measurable Welfare Indicators in Free-Roaming Horses.

The mental experiences of animals are what characterises their welfare status. The Five Domains Model for assessing welfare aligns with the understanding that physical and mental states are linked. Following measurement of indicators within each of the four physical/functional Domains (1. Nutrition; 2. Physical environment; 3. Health; and 4. Behavioural interactions), the anticipated negative or positive affective consequences (mental experiences) are cautiously inferred and assigned to Domain 5. Those inferences derive credibility from validated knowledge of the underlying systems of physiology, neurophysiology, neuroethology and affective neuroscience. Any indicators used for assessing welfare need to be scientifically validated. This requires, firstly, evidence of the links between a measurable/observable indicator and the physical/functional impact (in Domains 1 to 4), and secondly, a demonstrable relationship between the physical/functional impact and the mental experience it is inferred the indicators reflect (in Domain five). This review refers to indicators of physical/functional states in Domains 1 to 4, which have been shown to be measurable in free-roaming wild horses, and then evaluates the scientific evidence linking them to inferred mental experiences in Domain 5. This is the first time that the scientific evidence validating a comprehensive range of welfare indicators has been synthesised in this way. Inserting these indicators into the Five Domains Model enables transparently justifiable assessment and grading of welfare status in free-roaming horses.

Social organization of a solitary carnivore, the leopard, inferred from behavioural interactions at marking sites

Social organization of a solitary carnivore, the leopard, inferred from behavioural interactions at marking sites

Altered interaction of physiological activity and behavior affects risky decision-making in ADHD.

Adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is often associated with risky decision-making behavior. However, current research studies are often limited by the ability to adequately reflect daily behavior in a laboratory setting. Over the lifespan impairments in cognitive functions appear to improve, whereas affective functions become more severe. We assume that risk behavior in ADHD arises predominantly from deficits in affective processes. This study will therefore aim to investigate whether a dysfunction in affective pathways causes an abnormal risky decision-making (DM) behavior in adult ADHD. Twenty-eight participants with ADHD and twenty-eight healthy controls completed a battery of questionnaires regarding clinical symptoms, self-assessment of behavior and emotional competence. Furthermore, skin conductance responses were measured during the performance in a modified version of the Balloon Analogue Risk Task. A linear mixed-effects model analysis was used to analyze emotional arousal prior to a decision and after feedback display. Results showed higher emotional arousal in ADHD participants before decision-making (β = -0.12, SE = 0.05, t = -2.63, p < 0.001) and after feedback display (β = -0.14, SE = 0.05, t = -2.66, p = 0.008). Although risky behavior was greater in HC than in ADHD, we found a significant interaction effect of group and anticipatory skin conductance responses regarding the response behavior (β = 107.17, SE = 41.91, t = 2.56, p = 0.011). Post hoc analyses revealed a positive correlation between anticipatory skin conductance responses and reaction time in HC, whereas this correlation was negative in ADHD. Self-assessment results were in line with the objective measurements. We found altered changes in physiological activity during a risky decision-making task. The results confirm the assumption of an aberrant relationship between bodily response and risky behavior in adult ADHD. However, further research is needed with respect to age and gender when considering physiological activities.