Fluid Behavior Research Articles

Weakly Compressible Approximation of the Taylor–Green Vortex Solution

ABSTRACTThe Taylor–Green vortex represents an exact solution of the Navier–Stokes equations in . In this work, an approximation of this solution in two spatial dimensions is proposed for weakly compressible flows. These flows are characterized by small compressibility (or, equivalently, by a small Mach number) and are often employed in computational fluid dynamics to approximate the behaviour of incompressible Newtonian fluids. In this framework, the proposed solution is expected to be a useful benchmark for numerical solvers that implement the weakly compressibility approximation. To this end, some numerical examples are reported in the final section of this work.

Investigation of activation energy of Maxwell fluid with Newtonian heat effect at the boundary layer flow on a cylinder embedded in porous medium

AbstractThis study aims to investigate the flow of Maxwell fluid over a cylinder, considering the combined effect of Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) and a permeable medium on the equation of momentum, heat generation and radiation on the equation of energy, and activation energy on the mass equation. The objective is to analyze the impression of these physical phenomena on the fluid's behavior under specified boundary conditions, with a focus on the Newtonian heating effect. The significance of this research lies in its application to industrial processes, polymer extrusion and cooling of metallic sheets, where controlling fluid flow and energy transfer is crucial. The dimensional governing equations for momentum, energy, and concentration were changed into non‐dimensional forms via appropriate dimensionless quantities and similarity variables. The subsequent nonlinear ordinary differential equations were answered using the BPV4C inbuilt MATLAB solver. The key findings reveal that the concentration outline rises with a rise in activation energy and declines with a rise in the chemical reaction. Additionally, the Nusselt number profile displays an increasing trend with the Newtonian heating parameter, indicating enhanced heat transfer. Quantitative results demonstrate that the occurrence of a porous medium and MHD significantly impacts the velocity and temperature contours. The real‐time application of this study can be seen in the optimization and design of chemical reactors, heat exchangers, and cooling systems in engineering processes. The developed model delivers insights into controlling energy and mass transfer in processes involving stretching surfaces, which is essential for improving efficiency and product excellence in various industrial applications.

MHD Casson flow across a stretched surface in a porous material: a numerical study

In this study, we examine the nature of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) Casson flow of fluid across a stretched surface in a porous material. It studies how the behaviour of Casson fluids is affected by a number of variables, including thermal radiation, chemical processes, Joule heating, and viscosity dissipation. The Keller box strategy, based on the finite difference method (FDM), is used to tackle the complex numerical problem. Graphical representations are used to show the effects of different system parts. Comprehensive tables displaying surface transfer of mass, heat, and drag rates are given for your convenience. The study focuses on how particle motion transforms kinetic energy into heat. Increased Brownian motion leads to a higher temperature profile and a reduced concentration profile. Thicker concentration profiles are created by increased Lewis number (Le\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$Le$$\\end{document}) values and rates of chemical reactions, resulting in changes in mass transfer across fluids. This in-depth investigation focuses on the complicated interactions between various variables and how they influence the Casson fluid's behaviour in the system under study.

Numerical study of the effect of partial undulations of horizontal isothermal walls on the behavior of a binary fluid in a modified horizontal rectangular cavity

The influence of partial sinusoidal undulations on the horizontal, isothermal, impermeable walls of a modified horizontal rectangular cavity,with a shape factor , filled with a binary fluid heated from the bottom or top, on the hydrodynamic, mass and thermal behavior of the considered fluid, was numerically studied. Computational fluid dynamics based on finite element methods was used to establish the numerical simulation of the differential equations governing the coupling of natural convection and thermodiffusion. The numerical results show that the partial undulation of the horizontal walls affects the hydrodynamic behavior of the binary fluid, leading to species migration towards the perfectly insulated vertical walls of the cavity. The numerical control of the mass field of the studied fluid clearly shows that the intensity of species separation towards the two vertical walls increases with bottom heating and with increasing length of the undulated portion and the undulation amplitude . The variation of the length of the undulated portion and the amplitude of the undulation also have an impact on the heat transfer presented by the Nusselt number .

Heat and mass transfer analysis in flow of Walter's B nanofluid: A numerical study of dual solutions

AbstractThis study investigates the behavior of Walter's liquid B fluid over a biaxially stretching/shrinking surface for Homann stagnation point flow, focusing on the rheological properties that are crucial for understanding physical phenomena in engineering and industrial processes. The problem is modeled using Buongiorno's model in the presence of a permeable surface subject to heat generation/absorption, Ohmic heating, and chemical reactions influenced by Arrhenius activation energy. The governing partial differential equations are solved numerically using an appropriate similarity transformation, and the results are graphically analyzed via MATLAB's bvp5c solver. The study highlights the importance of characterizing the intricate properties of viscoelastic fluids, with potential applications in biomedical engineering and materials science. The findings reveal the coexistence of two distinct flow regimes and dual solutions are obtained. It is noted that the activation energy parameter is shown to enhance mass distribution in both solutions, while chemical reactions accelerate reactant conversion but reduce mass distribution. Additionally, an increase in viscoelasticity shifts the fluid's behavior towards elasticity, creating greater resistance to shear deformation and reducing both velocity profiles.

Investigation of biomass gasification and fluidization behaviour for pilot double tapered bubbling fluidized bed reactor.

The present investigation discusses syngas production through gasification from six different bamboo biomass species available in India's northeast region (Mizoram). The thermochemical conversion of biomass to syngas is accomplished in a novel double-tapered reactor. The pre-processing stage of biomasses includes various shredding, drying, and sieving methods. In the processing stage, the biomass (20g) is fed to the reactor regularly. The heating element in the interior of the reactor supplies the heat required (600-1000°C) for the combustion and gasification of biomass samples. The influence of various particle sizes on bed voidage, pressure drop, bed height, suspension density, gas yield, heat transfer, and carbon conversion efficiency is studied. The tapered reactor enhanced the bed hydrodynamics. It is observed that the H2 and CO2 composition increases with the temperature (> 900°C), whereas the CO composition is reduced as a result of the shift reaction. However, the CH4 yield is enhanced at a temperature (< 800°C) but lessened at higher temperatures due to a reduction in moisture content. The carbon conversion efficiency (CCE) and the dry gas yield (YG) values obtained are better for the particle size of 1.18mm than the other particle sizes. The energy from biomass resources is promising regarding sustainability, availability, and efficacy. The current approach discusses the syngas generation from bamboo biomass through gasification under varied temperature ranges (600-1000°C), equivalence ratio (0.2), particle sizes (380µm, 600µm, and 1.18mm), superficial velocity (0-2m/s) in a pilot 5kg/h DTBFBR of height 1.2m and maximum inner diameter of 16.5cm.

Characterization of 'borde': A traditional ethiopian cereal-based fermented beverage - Microbial analysis, rheological profiling, and functional attributes

The study focused on the characterization of an Ethiopian traditional beverage, borde, produced by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and yeast through natural fermentation. Samples were collected from three distinct locations in Ethiopia and subjected to analyses encompassing microbiological, antioxidant, enzyme inhibition, rheological and physicochemical aspects. The early stages of fermentation exhibited prevalence of Enterobacteriaceae and aerobic mesophilic bacteria. Towards the end of fermentation, yeast (6.07–6.72) and LAB (6.52–7.12) (log CFU mL−1) dominated the microbiological profile of all borde samples. Significant difference (P < 0.05) in the number of microorganisms were noted between the samples. Antioxidant activities, assessed through DPPH and ABTS values, ranged between 51.5 and 64.6 % and 47.4–62.9.1 %, respectively. The average value of α-glucosidase and pancreatic lipase inhibition for borde samples were ranged from 36.56 to 43.23 % and 31.08–40.19 %, respectively. Rheological investigations indicated pseudoplastic fluid behavior, as evidenced by the decreasing apparent viscosity values with shear rate. Moreover, the samples displayed solid-like structures, with lower loss modulus (G″) values compared to storage modulus (G′). The shared physicochemical characteristics and the dominance of specific microbial groups suggest the potential for developing a direct fermentation system for this traditional cereal-based beverage. Overall, these findings contribute valuable insights into the multifaceted nature of borde, paving the way for further advancements in its production and quality control.

Studies of the Thermalhydraulics Subchannel Code ASSERT-PV 3.2-SC for Supercritical Applications

Abstract Over the last decade, several international thermalhydraulics benchmarking efforts have been carried out to support the development of the Generation IV supercritical water-cooled reactor (SCWR) concept. These benchmarking efforts aimed to assess the readiness of computer codes to predict the thermalhydraulics behavior of supercritical fluids for nuclear fuel assembly applications. The results from the benchmarking also shed light on knowledge gaps. Throughout the years, several advancements in this area have been achieved, resulting in relevant conclusions and observations. Furthermore, experimental campaigns have been carried out worldwide to further our knowledge on the thermalhydraulics of supercritical fluids. The nuclear industry uses the subchannel approach to study the thermalhydraulics behavior of nuclear fuel assemblies in detail. In Canada, the subchannel code advanced solution of subchannel equations in reactor thermalhydraulics—pressure velocity (ASSERT-PV) is the qualified code for subchannel applications. ASSERT-PV was modified to handle supercritical conditions, resulting in an interim code version. This publication presents relevant subchannel analyses using the interim supercritical version of ASSERT-PV for fuel assemblies cooled with supercritical fluids.

Enhancing accuracy in X-ray radiation-based multiphase flow meters: Integration of grey wolf optimization and MLP neural networks

This research investigates the development of an advanced predictive model aimed at accurately determining the volumetric percentages of water, oil, and gas within oil pipeline systems. Utilizing an innovative approach that incorporates an X-ray source alongside two sodium iodide detectors, the study leverages the Monte Carlo N-Particle (MCNP) simulation code to model the behavior of three-phase fluids under varied conditions. The model meticulously simulates various volumetric configurations of water, oil, and gas, resulting in a comprehensive dataset that provides key spectral information. The initial phase involved the extraction of ten temporal and frequency-related features from each detector, culminating in a pool of twenty features. The analytical process then applied the Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO) algorithm to select the most indicative features for predictive modeling. Out of the initial set, seven features—short-time energy, frequency deviation, relative spectral density, spectral margin, main peak position, spectral coefficient, and frequency intensity—were identified as critical for enhancing model accuracy. These features were subsequently fed into a meticulously structured multilayer perceptron (MLP) neural network. This network, designed with two hidden layers containing 20 and 10 neurons, respectively, demonstrated exceptional capability, achieving a root mean square error (RMSE) of less than 0.06 in the prediction of oil and gas volumetric percentages. The study emphasizes the significant impact of integrating refined feature selection techniques and robust neural network architectures on the precision and reliability of volumetric predictions in multiphase flow systems within oil pipelines. This approach not only enhances predictive accuracy but also contributes to more efficient resource management and operational planning in the oil and gas industry.

The Effect of Wettability on Confinement-Induced Phase Behavior and Storage of Alkane in Nanoporous Media.

The impact of wettability on the confined phase behavior of fluids is paramount for various applications, such as gas storage, carbon dioxide sequestration, and water purification. However, the understanding of the fluid-solid intermolecular interactions in confined systems is still limited and requires further investigation. This work investigates the effect of hydrophilic and hydrophobic nanoporous materials on the adsorption and desorption isotherms of n-butane. The hydrophilic samples in this research are MCM-41 silica powder with two different pore sizes (80 and 100 Å). MCM-41 samples were successfully treated with hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS) to create hydrophobic adsorbents. Isotherms of n-butane in materials with different wetting states were generated at various temperatures using an upgraded gravimetric apparatus. The results demonstrated that n-butane was adsorbed more onto the hydrophilic MCM-41 materials during the initial adsorption process. The lower affinity between n-butane and the modified MCM-41 samples slightly increased the capillary condensation and evaporation pressures in these materials compared to those in the original ones. However, it is noted that wettability's influence on the confined phase transitions of n-butane was not significant in this study. Interestingly, the hysteresis behavior of the vapor-liquid and liquid-vapor phase transitions due to confinement was independent of the surface's wetting properties. Kelvin's equation for a hemispherical meniscus was adopted to evaluate the capillary evaporation pressures of n-butane in nanopores. The calculated pressures showed agreement with experimental data when appropriate pore size and surface tension values were applied. These findings provide valuable insights into the impacts of surface chemistry and wettability on the phase behavior of hydrocarbon gas in nanoporous media. Furthermore, this study enriches the experimental database on confined fluids, which is essential for developing accurate theoretical and modeling tools for numerous industrial and scientific applications.

Mathematical and Buongiorno nanofluid modelling to predict the thermal and solutal performance of magneto-bioconvective Casson nanofluid flowing in a rotatory disk

Abstract This study aims to improve how heat and mass move in systems that use viscoelastic nanofluids under magnetic fields. These systems are commonly used in industries like biotechnology, energy, and medical devices. The significance of this work lies in exploring the steady flow of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) Casson nanofluids, incorporating the Buongiorno nanofluid model and swimming microorganisms. This research seeks to deepen the understanding of complex fluid behaviors by examining the effects of thermal radiation and chemical diffusion under thermal and solutal convective boundary conditions. The governing equations, which are inherently nonlinear due to the presence of multiple physical effects, are converted from two-dimensional partial differential equations (PDEs) to ordinary differential equations (ODEs) using a similarity transformation. A semi-analytical solution is derived using the collocation pseudo-spectral method within the MAPLE computational software. The study investigates how factors like Casson and magnetic parameters, Eckert number, Brownian motion, and thermophoresis affect the flow rate, temperature distribution, species concentration, and microorganism motility. These results are validated by comparing them with established benchmarks. The key findings reveal a pronounced oscillatory behavior in the temperature profile at higher Eckert number values, while increased Brownian motion and thermophoresis lead to greater nanoparticle dispersion near the disk surface. Higher Lewis and Peclet numbers lead to increased microorganism concentration, demonstrating stronger convective and advective effects. These insights are vital for optimizing drag force, thermal gradients, and mass transfer in engineering applications that involve rotating disks and magnetic fields.

Impact of dual-fracture location on heat extraction from Enhanced geothermal system in low-permeability reservoirs

As environmental and economic issues exacerbated by traditional fossil fuels intensify, Dry Hot Rock geothermal energy has garnered significant attention due to its immense potential. Current research predominantly focuses on the heat extraction effectiveness in complex fractures within Enhanced Geothermal Systems, with relatively less emphasis on fluid behavior between large fractures. This study employs finite element software to establish a multi-horizontal well model in a low permeability reservoir (5 × 10-17 m2), analyzing the impact of different spatial configurations of two fractures on fluid flow, heat transfer, and heat extraction efficiency. The results indicate that fractures are the primary channels for fluid flow in low permeability reservoirs. Optimal heat extraction occurs when fractures are parallel, spaced 100 m apart, and perpendicular to the horizontal well, with significant threshold effects of fracture spacing and angle on temperature distribution. The highest heat extraction is achieved at a 37° intersection angle of fractures at the production well. Over a 60-year production period, reservoir extraction degrees for parallel or intersecting fractures range from 8 % to 15 %, while that for fracture communication between injection and production well horizontal segments is only 1.91 % to 3.01 %. Under the optimal injection scenario, cumulative 60-year heat production for parallel, intersecting, and communicating fractures is 2.13 × 1018J, 2.20 × 1018J, and 2.22 × 1018J, respectively, with the best heat extraction efficiency when fractures communicate. Additionally, under constant flow rate and inlet temperature, outlet temperature and system thermal power show near-linear declines, while reservoir extraction degree rises linearly. This study provides crucial theoretical support and practical guidance for the efficient extraction of geothermal energy.

WITHDRAWN: The enhanced heat transfer and flow dynamics of tangent hyperbolic and Newtonian nanofluids under inclined variable magnetic field

This paper aims to analyze the thermal conductivity of tangent hyperbolic non-Newtonian fluids and Newtonian nanofluids over a porous, inclined, stretching sheet with motile microorganisms. It also examines the impact of inclined variable magnetic field, activation energy, thermal radiation, thermophoresis and Brownian motion. The novelty of this research lies in the simultaneous use of inclined geometry and an inclined variable magnetic field. The findings optimize environmental and food processing applications, drug delivery, thermal management, lubrication, and enhanced oil recovery. A far-reaching analysis compares the behaviors of tangent hyperbolic fluid with Newtonian fluid. Appropriate similarity functions are used to convert the governing system of nonlinear PDEs for tangent hyperbolic fluid to dimensionless ODE. MATLAB’s boundary value solver BVP4C is then used to solve these ODEs numerically. This study explores various characteristics, including temperature, velocity, concentration, and microorganism distribution. In the essence of this computational study, the impacts of inclined angle, porosity, mixed convection, Hartmann number and Weissenberg number on the velocity of the fluid are analyzed. The main findings are that higher Prandtl numbers reduce heat transfer rates, while thermophoresis and Brownian motion enhance heat flow. Lewis and Peclet numbers show declining tendencies in motile microorganisms, with magnetic fields influencing their distribution within the fluid; this is useful in biotechnology and environmental applications. Consequently, the effect is greater in the case of non-Newtonian fluids which depend more on the inclination angle, inclined variable magnetic field strength, thermal conductivity and activation energy when compared with the Newtonian fluids.

A rheological model for concrete additive manufacturing

The advent of 3D construction printing has ushered in a revolutionary era, demanding deeper insights into the understanding of cementitious fluid materials. Despite notable progress in additive manufacturing technologies, traditional rheological models (i.e., Bingham Plastic and Herschel-Bulkley) due to asymptotic behaviors of its plastic viscosity term fall short in describing the fluid mechanical properties of 3D printable concrete. This poses substantial challenges to achieving precise control and consistency in its boundless possibilities of mix design formulation. In this paper, we introduce an original rheological model that broadly characterizes the physiomechanical behaviours of non-Newtonian fluids, with a primary emphasis on thixotropic 3D printable cementitious pastes. Contrary to conventional representations, it is successfully demonstrated and validated herein that flow characteristics of 3D printable concrete may be described by two distinct viscosity terms, both of which collectively defines an upper and lower bound apparent viscosity with respect to a proposed activation function.

Spatiotemporal mode extraction for fluid–structure interaction using mode decomposition

A fluid–structure interaction (FSI) analysis model was developed based on the partitioned coupling approach. The study analyzed the fluid and structure behavior in a well-established validation case known as the Turek–Hron FSI benchmark test. This test involves strong, unsteady interaction between fluid flow and an elastic flap behind a rigid cylinder. Comparison of the elastic flap displacement frequencies and amplitudes from the present FSI model with reference data showed good agreement, validating the model. Dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) was employed to extract fundamental structures from the complex spatiotemporal data obtained from the FSI analysis. In addition, a mode–sensing technique based on a greedy algorithm was developed, and significant modes were extracted with elastic flap displacement as a feature. The crucial modes for the elastic flap displacement were the second bending modes at specific frequencies. However, these results differed significantly from the natural frequencies of the second bending modes obtained via eigenmode analysis. This discrepancy can be attributed to the close coupling between the fluid and structure, which alters elastic deformation behavior. The study demonstrates the potential for straightforward extraction of essential fluid–structure coupling using FSI-DMD.

A Real-Time and Interactive Fluid Modeling System for Mixed Reality.

Within the realm of mixed reality, the capability to dynamically render environmental effects with high realism plays a crucial role in amplifying user engagement and interaction. Fluid dynamics, in particular, stand out as essential elements for crafting immersive virtual settings. This includes the simulation of phenomena like smoke, fire, and clouds, which are instrumental in enriching the virtual experience. This work showcases a cutting-edge system developed to produce dynamic and interactive fluid effects that mirror real captured data in real-time for mixed reality applications. This innovative system seamlessly incorporates fluid reconstruction alongside velocity estimation processes within the Unity engine environment. Our approach leverages a novel physics-based differentiable rendering technique, grounded in the principles of light transport in participating media, to simulate the intricate behaviors of fluid while ensuring high fidelity in visual appearance. To further enhance realism, we have expanded our framework to include the estimation of velocity fields, addressing the critical need for fluid motion simulation. The practical application of these techniques demonstrates the system's capacity to offer a robust platform for fluid modeling in mixed reality environments. Through extensive evaluations, we illustrate the effectiveness of our approach in various scenes, underscoring its potential to transform mixed reality content creation by providing developers with the tools to incorporate highly realistic and interactive fluid seamlessly.

Experimental study of hydrodynamic characteristics in three-phase coarse particle fluidized flotation column

Understanding multiphase flow regimes and hydrodynamic characteristics in the three-phase coarse particle fluidized flotation column (TFC) is crucial in mineral processing. This study systematically investigated the influence of gas velocity (Ug) and water velocity (Uw) on the flow regimes in TFC, focusing on the identification and hydrodynamic characteristics of different flow regimes in the freeboard and bulk fluidized bed regions. Three distinct flow regimes (heterogeneous flow, pseudo-homogeneous flow and mono-homogeneous flow) and two transition water velocities (transitions from a heterogeneous flow regime to a pseudo-homogeneous flow (Ut1) and transitions from a pseudo-homogeneous flow to a mono-disperse homogeneous flow regime (Ut2)) were identified in the freeboard region based on the visual observation and bubble characteristic parameter acquisition system (BVW-2) monitoring the variations in the bubble size distribution. Visual observation combined with electrical resistance tomography (ERT) monitoring the solid concentration variations facilitated accurate determination of three flow regimes (fixed bed regime, agitated bed regime, and complete fluidization regime) and two transition points (minimum agitation water velocity (ULma) and minimum fluidization water velocity (ULmf)) in the bulk fluidized bed region. Furthermore, statistical and spectral methods were used to analyze pressure fluctuation signals and characterize fluidization behavior across different flow regimes, including the average pressure fluctuation (ΔP¯), the probability density function (PDF), normalized standard deviation (δ), kurtosis (K), skewness (S), autocorrelation function (ACF), power spectral density (PSD) and average cycle frequency (fc). The results indicated that it is the changes in dominant flow structures within the three-phase fluidized bed, such as variations in bubble behavior and particle movement under different Ug and Uw, that lead to differences in flow characteristics, thereby forming distinct flow regimes.

Droplet generation in a co-flowing microchannel under the non-uniform magnetic fields produced by an electric current loop

Micro-magnetofluidics, the study of fluid behavior under magnetic fields in microscale systems, is vital for applications like drug delivery, chemical synthesis, and lab-on-a-chip technologies. Controlling droplet size and formation frequency in these systems is challenging due to the complex interplay of magnetic forces and fluid dynamics. This study introduces a novel approach to control droplet generation in a co-flowing microchannel under a non-uniform magnetic field generated by an electric current loop. Critical parameters such as electric current intensity, continuous phase flow rate, and current loop position are systematically examined for their impact on droplet behavior. The results highlight the unique influence of the magnetic field configuration, specifically the electric current loop, in inducing a transition from dripping to jetting flow patterns with increasing current intensity, leading to larger droplets and reduced generation frequency. Additionally, a distinct behavior of droplet coalescence near the current loop, followed by re-separation, is observed when the loop is positioned downstream of the inlet. Moreover, increasing the continuous phase flow rate consistently reduced droplet size and increased generation frequency, regardless of the current loop’s position

New algorithm of three-phase equilibrium calculations for CO2-hydrocarbon-water systems

In this century, global warming caused by the accumulation of atmospheric carbon dioxide has become an essential concern. The industry has two main decarbonization options: CO2 capture for permanent storage in geological formations and CO2 utilization for enhancing oil recovery (EOR). Both methods require accurate reservoir simulation to correctly describe the fluids flowing process and design an optimal injection plan. However, existing reservoir simulation practices often neglect the interaction and dissolution of CO2 and hydrocarbon components in water, leading to inaccurate predictions. Neglecting CO2 dissolution in water undermines storage estimation for capture and results in unreliable EOR descriptions. Therefore, to address this, our study focuses on developing a reliable and accurate phase equilibrium calculation package for hydrocarbon-CO2-water three-phase systems, which meets the demanding efficiency and robustness criteria of reservoir simulation. In this paper, we first introduce the methodology of the three-phase equilibrium calculation algorithm, then illustrate the numerical techniques employed to improve computational efficiency and finally demonstrate superior robustness of this algorithm through comprehensive case studies. Our research contributes three key improvements. First, we have increased the reliability of phase behavior descriptions by considering the dissolution of CO2 and hydrocarbon components in water. Second, we have enhanced the robustness of the three-phase equilibrium calculations algorithm, enabling accurate determination of three-phase statuses and fluid behaviors where standard commercial software may fail. Third, our algorithm exhibits notable efficiency improvements, ensuring its suitability for three-phase compositional simulations. The findings of this research provide valuable insights into the accurate modeling of hydrocarbon-CO2-water three-phase systems and offer practical solutions for designing effective CO2 reduction strategies.

Numerical computations of MHD mixed convection flow of Bingham fluid in a porous square chamber with a wavy cylinder

This work examines the behavior of Bingham fluids in porous media under magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) conditions, addressing a significant issue in fluid dynamics and heat transport. The authors study mixed convection in a porous square chamber with twisted cylinders using COMSOL Multiphysics and finite element techniques. Compared to other research, this one offers a more complicated and realistic model since it integrates Bingham fluid flow and MHD effects in a porous chamber with wavy cylinders. Plotting of streamlines, isotherms, and Nusselt numbers is done for several parameters: Numbers Reynolds (1, 5, 10, 50), Hartmann (0, 25, 50, 100), Bingham (0, 1, 5, 10), Darcy (10−4, 10−3, 10−2, 10−1), and Grashof (102,103,104,105) are among those assigned numbers. According to findings, larger Bn values promote thermal stratification and decrease flow mobility, which results in dominating conductive heat transmission. The nusselt number falls with Ha and Bn but rises with Re, Da, and Gr. The study aims to provide useful insights into several industrial disciplines, such as nuclear power plant architecture and petroleum engineering, by enhancing heat transfer in non-Newtonian fluids under magnetic fields. It also boosts the efficiency of chemical reactors and filters. Based on our findings, for lower Re = 1, the lowest value of Numean is 2.602, while at Re = 50, its values rise to 6.425.