Behavioral Options Research Articles

Вероятностное прогнозирование «иррациональных» решений на основе смысловой композиции контекстов

Difficulties in prognosis of human behavior are due to the complexity of our cognition, routinely breaking the boundaries of classical rationality. The paper solves this problem for the simplest kind of such “irrational” behavior in which a single binary decision is made in three related contexts. Subjective meanings of these contexts relative to the basis decision alternative are represented by three qubit states, borrowed from quantum theory. These states are bound together by linear superpositions, which encode semantic composition of the contexts in the subject’s mind. The resulting theory supplements classical probabilistic model with nonlinear interference factor, accounting for the “irrational”, emotionally-semantic side of intelligence. This model is built for different realizations of two classic experiments used to study behavioral irrationality: the prisoner’s dilemma and the two-stage gambling task. In 24 such realizations, the interference phase is shown to fall in a narrow range of values, encoding regularities of semantic composition of contexts. Extrapolation of this regularity to novel experiments allows using the model in prognostic mode. This possibility is tested on the task of probabilistic prediction of target decision based on the same probability in two other contexts. For the prisoner’s dilemma and the two-stage gambling task the such prognosis has relative errors of 9 and 11% respectively. The proposed approach allows for putting other quantum models of cognition and decision to predictive and interpretable use, whereas its principles also apply to modeling of decisions with larger sets of contexts and behavioral options. By formalizing a novel type of semantic regularities behind “irrational” thinking, models of the present type open prospects for empowering the existing means for socio-economical analytics and prediction.

Symmetrical and complementary escalation: Understanding the dynamics of the Ukraine war

Abstract The paper argues that the initial phase of the Ukraine war involved not only one but two escalatory processes, one following the pattern of symmetrical escalation and the other the pattern of complementary escalation. Symmetrical escalation is “conventional” conflict escalation, which was obviously occurring between Russia and Ukraine. However, drawing on a concept that was originally developed in the context of couple and family therapy, the paper argues that a second escalatory process developed between Russia and Western powers that followed the pattern of complementary escalation. In a complementary escalation, two participants take polarized positions on a spectrum of behavioral options and increasingly radicalize and rigidify in these positions, in a self-reinforcing interactional spiral, as when, e. g., one partner becomes increasingly accusatory and the other increasingly conciliatory, or one becomes increasingly responsible and the other increasingly irresponsible. The interactions between Russia and the West in the early months of 2022 can be described as involving such an escalatory or polarizing spiral, with Russia taking the position of “resort to war and reliance on brute force” and the West taking the position of “defense of international law and ban of war as a means of politics”. While both sides had leaned towards these positions before, they had done so only in the sense of partial and situationally flexible preferences, not in the sense of absolute and rigorously defended principles, and what turned them into staunch and uncomprisiming defenders of these principles was their mutual interaction and polarization. The paper presents a model that captures this dynamic, it discusses the problematic or even tragic role of international law in this process, and it underpins this with general system-theoretical considerations on the role of formalization and legitimation in social systems.

Improving Medical Student Knowledge and Reducing Stigmatizing Attitudes Toward Treating Patients With Opioid Use Disorder.

Stigma and lack of knowledge are barriers to clinicians when caring for individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD). In 2018, only about 15 out of 180 American medical schools had comprehensive addiction programs. The AAMC reports that institutions are increasingly incorporating competencies to address the OUD and opioid epidemic. There have been few evaluated curriculums focused on reducing stigmatizing attitudes. This study evaluated whether a 4-hour case-based curriculum focused on improving stigmatizing attitudes toward patients with OUD could reduce medical student perceptions around viewing addiction as a punitive condition and other substitution-based misconceptions around opioid agonist-based medication. Medical students completed a 4-hour curricular workshop which included learning objectives focusing on barriers to healthcare/stigmatizing attitudes, effective behavioral therapy options, and appropriate use of opioid medications. We measured changes in knowledge and attitudes using validated scales on stigma. Non-parametric repeated measure tests determined statistically significant differences between pre and post assessments between OUD related perceptions and a control condition (diabetes). Of 135 eligible participants, 99 (76%) students completed both pre- and post-surveys. Mean scores across knowledge questions improved (60%-81%, P < .001) and stigmatizing attitudes regarding perceived violence of people with OUD decreased (2.04-1.82, P = .016). There was significant improvement in mean scores for OUD-related opinions including desire to work with and effectively treat patients with OUD (3.58-3.88, P < .001) while no significant concurrent change was observed in mean opinion scores of a non-OUD comparator, diabetes (3.88-3.97, P = .201). Results indicate that the workshop was associated with measurable changes in knowledge and attitudinal forms of OUD stigma. With recent policy changes eliminating the X-waiver, healthcare institutions are eager to design curriculum around OUD management and treatment. This study provides a blueprint for an effective curriculum that improves clinician knowledge and reduces stigmatizing attitudes.

ЭВОЛЮЦИЯ МОДЕЛИ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОГО ПОВЕДЕНИЯ ЧЕЛОВЕКА В УСЛОВИЯХ ЦИФРОВОЙ ТРАНСФОРМАЦИИ

The development of information and communication technologies and the rapid digitalization of public life are driving fundamental transformations of socio-economic systems into a knowledge society and a digital economy. The speed of change in recent decades leads to the fact that “traditional” economic models are losing their methodological sufficiency for the modern level of science and need to be rethought. As a result, the purpose of the article is to propose an updated model of human economic behavior in the context of digital transformation based on an analysis of the evolution of economic behavior models. To achieve the goal of the study, the following tasks were set: to analyze models of human economic behavior in economics and the humanities; highlight key aspects of digitalization that significantly influence changes in the socio-economic sphere of public life; characterize changes in human economic behavior generated by the digital transformation of society. As a result of the study, factors determining economic behavior in the digital economy were identified. These include: facilitating access to information as a basic consumption product; the emergence of a new form of property (intellectual property) and new objects of property (information products); changing relations between producers and consumers, employers and employees; the formation of a “sharing” economy as an innovative form of trade. The article shows the significant impact of the digital economy on changing the model of human economic behavior. A model of economic behavior is understood as a system, the elements of which determine the guidelines and choices of a person in the economic sphere. These include: the presence of objective limitations and subjective preferences of the individual, the ability to assess possible behavior options, analysis of information, choice of behavior model. In addition to these constant determinants of economic behavior, the model also contains variable factors influencing economic choice. These include: attitude towards information and the ability to access it, motivation for economic activity, rationality of actions and irrationality in decision making, goal setting as a system-forming function of the individual. Variable elements undergo significant transformations, which must be taken into account in the updated model of the behavior of “economic homo.”

La Última Copa: Alcoholics Anonymous as Behavioral Health Care in Puerto Rico’s Oso Blanco, 1950s-1960s

Drawing from a prisoner-produced publication titled Realidad (Reality) as well as other sources, this article explores the history of Alcoholics Anonymous in Puerto Rico’s premier carceral institution in the mid-twentieth century, the Insular/State Penitentiary at Río Piedras. An analysis of the AA penitentiary group La Última Copa (The Last Drink) under colonial populism—an era in which Puerto Rican carceral care revolved around rehabilitation—shows that incarcerated people deemed the group’s activities and their magazine as viable, efficacious behavioral health care options. Socio-humanistic therapeutics like group therapy and testimonial writing were of particular consequence for inmates, who in turn produced multiscalar knowledge about alcoholism and served as frontline practitioners.

ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ АВТОМАТНОГО ПРОГРАММИРОВАНИЯ ДЛЯ РАЗРАБОТКИ СИСТЕМЫ АВТОМАТИЧЕСКОГО УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ПУНКТОМ ПРОПУСКА ЛЮДЕЙ И АВТОТРАНСПОРТА С ОДНИМ ВЪЕЗДОМ И ОДНИМ ВЫЕЗДОМ

An analysis of the access system, which can be installed and used for enterprises, buildings and territories, is carried out to find out how difficult it is to develop such control systems (barriers, gates and other control and security means) based on automatic programming models and tools for their implementation. The system has two barriers (designed for vehicles entering and exiting the territory) and one passage for people. Such access systems are used quite often, but, in the overwhelming majority, these control and security measures are rarely automated. Automation, due to the presence of smart devices, will reduce the time spent on vehicles and people’s passing, leaving the individual only to be an observer, with the right to intervene if it is necessary. When building a control system based on automatic programming, firstly, it is necessary to consider the technological process of the checkpoint, and secondly, to construct logic based on identifying the obvious states of the automatic system. With proper examination and detailed study of the technological process, there should be no problems with the construction of logic and the program code will work flawlessly, since it takes into account all possible behaviour options of the automated system.

Lead (Pb) in Shooting Range Soil: a Systematic Literature Review of Contaminant Behavior, Risk Assessment, and Remediation Options

Lead (Pb) in Shooting Range Soil: a Systematic Literature Review of Contaminant Behavior, Risk Assessment, and Remediation Options

A novel lightweight CF decision-making approach for highway reconstruction and operation

Road infrastructure is a major emitter of greenhouse gases (GHGs), contributing significantly to the overall carbon emissions of many countries. Due to their importance in the life-cycle carbon footprint (CF) assessment of highway projects, highway reconstruction, rehabilitation, and operation have garnered increased attention. Existing highway CF studies have relied heavily on on-site data. They were often limited by a handful of operation or reconstruction scenarios. Most existing highway CF studies focused solely on mitigating the infrastructure CF and ignored the potential savings of highway traffic CF resulting from different traffic behaviour and technology options. A comprehensive CF saving potential comparison between the highway infrastructure and traffic for the city- or nation-wide policy decision-making is needed. Moreover, the loss of design and operation information for many existing highway projects with long operational periods necessitates a new approach to assess and manage the CF of highway reconstruction, rehabilitation, and operation. As a result, this study has proposed a new lightweight CF decision-making approach to help highway reconstruction, rehabilitation, and traffic operation management with informative stage-based highway decision-making supporting framework and digital platform that enable the comparison between highway infrastructure and traffic CF's potential savings. With the help of the developed framework and platform, the project decision-maker and government policymaker can leverage better information support and dynamically compare CF decision-making scenarios regarding different highway infrastructure and traffic options. This study contributes to knowledge in three ways: (1) evaluating and validating an informative highway CF decision-making framework for highway infrastructure and traffic assessment and management, (2) proving the applicability of using a lightweight data collection and model building method for highway infrastructure CF assessment and management practice, and (3) providing an applicable way of building a highway CF digital twins (DT) platform for visualisation, decision-making, and management of the highway infrastructure and traffic.

Intended changes in smoking behaviour of Dutch young adults after an increase in excise tax: a cross-sectional survey

ObjectivesIncreasing the price of tobacco is one of the most effective measures to reduce the prevalence of smoking. In the Netherlands, the excise tax on tobacco increased by €1.14 in...

Unraveling Connective Tissue Growth Factor as a Therapeutic Target and Assessing Kahweol as a Potential Drug Candidate in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Treatment.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is characterized by aggressive behavior and limited treatment options, necessitating the identification of novel therapeutic targets. In this study, we investigated the clinical significance of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) as a prognostic marker and explored the potential therapeutic effects of kahweol, a coffee diterpene molecule, in TNBC treatment. Initially, through a survival analysis on breast cancer patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, we found that CTGF exhibited significant prognostic effects exclusively in TNBC patients. To gain mechanistic insights, we performed the functional annotation and gene set enrichment analyses, revealing the involvement of CTGF in migratory pathways relevant to TNBC treatment. Subsequently, in vitro experiments using MDA-MB 231 cells, a representative TNBC cell line, demonstrated that recombinant CTGF (rCTGF) administration enhanced cell motility, whereas CTGF knockdown using CTGF siRNA resulted in reduced motility. Notably, rCTGF restored kahweol-reduced cell motility, providing compelling evidence for the role of CTGF in mediating kahweol's effects. At the molecular level, kahweol downregulated the protein expression of CTGF as well as critical signaling molecules, such as p-ERK, p-P38, p-PI3K/AKT, and p-FAK, associated with cell motility. In summary, our findings propose CTGF as a potential prognostic marker for guiding TNBC treatment and suggest kahweol as a promising antitumor compound capable of regulating CTGF expression to suppress cell motility in TNBC. These insights hold promise for the development of targeted therapies and improved clinical outcomes for TNBC patients.

Promoting person-centred care in the home support of older people through situational judgement tests: a feasibility study

Homecare providers face acute staff shortages, yet identifying new candidates with values aligned to person-centred care is challenging. This study aimed to develop and provisionally evaluate situational judgement tests to support recruitment. A total of 11 in-depth interviews with homecare workers yielded 59 ‘critical incidents’ in which person-centred values were tested. Draft scenarios were developed alongside behavioural response options, and a scoring key was devised by 15 people with lived experiences. After piloting, the final situational judgement tests comprised 11 scenarios with 63 response options. Homecare providers reported high acceptability and feasibility, feeling that the situational judgement tests could support recruitment. Future research will test their psychometric properties.

Social Determinants of Health: Healthcare managers’ COVID-19 experiences of poor governance, poverty and social media on health interventions

ObjectivesThe COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted many barriers to healthcare including structural factors like poverty and governance, and intermediary factors such as service delivery, especially in low and middle-income countries where resources are limited. Social Determinants of Health like poverty, governance and access to basic services significantly affect the effectiveness of health interventions. This study aimed to explore healthcare managers’ experiences of delivering health interventions during the COVID-19 pandemic in Gauteng Province, South Africa, using the Social Determinant of Health lens. Study designExploratory qualitative study. MethodsOnline in-depth interviews were conducted with senior healthcare managers at the Gauteng Department of Health, to explore their experiences during COVID-19, using open-ended questions. The data was saturated with 13 respondents and was analyzed thematically and inductively in NVivo 10. ResultsWe identified four interrelated themes that adversely impacted health interventions from the manager's COVID-19 experiences: poor governance through non-service delivery, government distrust, poverty within communities and the influence of social media on societal values. ConclusionThe failure of the government to deliver community services leads to public distrust and in turn has a spill-over effect which constitutes a barrier to healthcare. COVID-19 has reaffirmed that poverty, poor governance and societal values (influenced by social media) are structural Social Determinants of Health that exacerbates the vulnerability of the poor during outbreaks. Poor governance and poverty limit behavioral options, trust and the effectiveness of health interventions. Social support is needed to assist the poor and vulnerable during outbreak. Finally, while social media messages negatively influenced health-seeking behaviors during COVID-19, they are also a potential tool to counter disease infodemics.

AWARENESS OF GUILT BY JUVENILE CRIMINALS AS A CONDITION FOR SUCCESSFUL RESOCIALIZATION

This article is devoted to the theoretical analysis of the study of psychological factors of the awareness of guilt by juvenile criminals. The concept of guilt, its psychological meaning and conscious-willed behavior as a sign of a person's sanity are analyzed. The main sign of a person's sanity is the ability to consciously and voluntarily behave, which consists in the ability of a person to be fully aware of the actual nature of his actions (inaction) and to control them. An integral criterion of conscious-volitional behavior is considered to be «socially oriented management of behavior in a choice situation». It means the ability and opportunity: to approach the choice of goals and means of action, being aware of oneself as a member of society, that is, taking into account their consequences for others; to be aware of the cause-and-effect dependencies of the chosen behavior option; to be aware of this variant of behavior as a special case of a certain type and class of phenomena, using at the same time socially oriented evaluations; use the mechanism of criticality in the course of choosing a behavior option; make a decision about the appropriate option of behavior, while maintaining control over it. The problem of the capacity for conscious-willed behavior of minors is studied, the features of resocialization of juvenile criminals are revealed. The processes of correction and resocialization of convicted minors, as well as the peculiarities of educational work with conditionally sentenced minors, are analyzed. Resocialization is understood as an organized social-psychological-pedagogical process of restoring social status, lost or unformed social skills in convicts, reorientation of their social attitudes and referent orientations due to inclusion in new positively oriented relationships. The effectiveness of the resocialization of juvenile criminals depends on the use of a comprehensive approach, combining the efforts of the subjects of the resocialization process at all levels of management.

Administrative discretion in states of full democracy and hybrid regime: the example of Germany and Ukraine

The study's urgency is stipulated by the need to clarify the features of administrative discretion in states with different democracy indices (different political regimes) and to describe the verification of compliance with the limits of discretion. The article's purpose is to clarify the correlation between the understanding and administrative discretion boundaries and the type of state according to the level of democratic development. The research is based on the democracy index, determined annually by the Economist Intelligence Unit, according to which states are divided into four types: full democracies, flawed democracies, hybrid regimes, and authoritarian regimes. A comparative method, which was used to compare the perception of administrative discretion in Germany and Ukraine as typical states of full democracies and hybrid regimes, is the basis of the research. The article clarifies that administrative discretion should be understood as a way of exercising the powers of administrative authorities, which involves choosing one of several possible options for behavior in a specific case and is carried out in compliance with the rule of law, human rights, principles of administrative procedures, and the purpose of powers; it is substantiated that in the states of hybrid regimes, the institution of administrative discretion is poorly developed, there are no clear criteria for the discretion boundaries, the issue of judicial control over decisions made by uncertain discretion, and there is excessive bureaucracy. The main provisions of the article can become guidelines for hybrid regime states to improve legislation in the area of discretion implementation.

Assessment of automated shading systems’ utilization and environmental performance: An experimental study

This paper presents an experimental study conducted in a full-scale test cell “btga-box” from July until September 2020 at Wuppertal University, Germany. This study focused on evaluating occupant interaction and satisfaction with automated shading systems in office environments, and the underlying thermal and visual conditions under different scenarios to optimize automated shading design and operation for improving occupant comfort and energy efficiency. Six different scenarios were evaluated using several performance metrics. Twenty-eight participants of varying ages, gender, and ethnicity took part in the experiments. After each scenario, the participants were asked to complete a web-based questionnaire to report their behaviour, their perceived thermal and visual comfort, satisfaction, and preferences concerning the performance of automated shading controls. Concurrently, indoor environmental parameters, weather data, and system and user-triggered actions were recorded. The key findings of this study suggest that a robust shading system (i.e., few override actions) can be achieved by: deploying a multi-objective control strategy with an intermediate position, an acceptable range of irradiance thresholds, and a decent level of other adaptive behavioural control options (i.e., window opening, fan usage, and light control). Providing active cooling or ventilation systems (i.e., operable windows, exhaust ventilation, and ceiling fan) can improve user satisfaction with the indoor environment, including shade operation. Using a small window size combined with a high irradiance shade-lowering threshold decreased the user-raising actions by 49% compared to the low threshold. However, energy implications should be considered for further studies since user satisfaction with blind control should be balanced with energy efficiency.

Anaplastic Large Cell Transformation of Mycosis Fungoides: Case Report and Review of the Literature.

We report a 48-year-old man with CD30+ large cell transformation of mycosis fungoides (tMF) with distinctive anaplastic morphology. The patient initially presented with folliculotropic and syringotropic mycosis fungoides (MF) manifested as occipital scalp plaque and trunk and extremities patches. Six years later, he progressed to the tumor stage from his scalp lesion and developed cervical lymphadenopathy. Lymph node and scalp biopsies showed diffuse infiltration of CD30+ anaplastic cells with multinucleated, hallmark-like, Hodgkin-Reed-Sternberg-like, histiocytoid forms, indistinguishable from anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL). T-cell receptor gamma gene (TCRg) rearrangement studies revealed identical clones in the initial MF scalp lesion and nodal anaplastic lesion, confirming the transformation. Ancillary studies showed absence of IRF4/DUSP22 and ALK rearrangements and positive RB1, SMARCA4, SOCS1, and TP53 mutations. The patient achieved partial response with systemic chemotherapy. Our case is an example of tMF presenting as the morphology and phenotype of ALCL. Because clinical behavior and therapeutic options of tMF and primary cutaneous ALCL may be different, it is clinically relevant to differentiate these 2 entities. The proof of clonal relationship may be useful in diagnostically challenging cases with features overlapping between tMF and primary cutaneous ALCL.

Notch, SUMOylation, and ESR-Mediated Signalling Are the Main Molecular Pathways Showing Significantly Different Epimutation Scores between Expressing or Not Oestrogen Receptor Breast Cancer in Three Public EWAS Datasets.

Oestrogen receptor expression in breast cancer (BC) cells is a marker of high cellular differentiation and allows the identification of two BC groups (ER-positive and ER-negative) that, although not completely homogeneous, differ in biological characteristics, clinical behaviour, and therapeutic options. The study, based on three publicly available EWAS (Epigenetic Wide Association Study) datasets, focuses on the comparison between these two groups of breast cancer using an epimutation score. The score is calculated not only based on the presence of the epimutation, but also on the deviation amplitude of the methylation outlier value. For each dataset, we performed a functional analysis based first on the functional gene region of each annotated gene (we aggregated the data per gene region TSS1500, TSS200, first-exon, and body-gene identified by the information from the Illumina Data Sheet), and then, we performed a pathway enrichment analysis through the REACTOME database based on the genes with the highest epimutation score. Thus, we blended our results and found common pathways for all three datasets. We found that a higher and significant epimutation score due to hypermethylation in ER-positive BC is present in the promoter region of the genes belonging to the SUMOylation pathway, the Notch pathway, the IFN-γ signalling pathway, and the deubiquitination protease pathway, while a higher and significant level of epimutation due to hypomethylation in ER-positive BC is present in the promoter region of the genes belonging to the ESR-mediated pathway. The presence of this state of promoter hypomethylation in the ESR-mediated signalling genes is consistent and coherent with an active signalling pathway mediated by oestrogen function in the group of ER-positive BC. The SUMOylation and Notch pathways are associated with BC pathogenesis and have been found to play distinct roles in the two BC subgroups. We speculated that the altered methylation profile may play a role in regulating signalling pathways with specific functions in the two subgroups of ER BC.

Bird flight behavior, collision risk and mitigation options at high-speed railway viaducts

High-speed railway (HSR) networks are rapidly expanding and are predicted to continue to grow over coming decades. However, there is scant knowledge of their environmental impacts. Their possible effects on bird mortality, particularly at viaducts, gives especial cause for concern. This work presents the results of a nine-month monitoring of bird activity in the vicinity of three HSR viaducts in Central Spain. The study focused on the effects of the infrastructure regarding bird frequentation of the site and on bird flight activity in the danger zone for collision with passing trains. The findings show (i) that bird communities may differ markedly between sites and (ii) that bird activity increases near the railway together with changes in relative species abundances. Furthermore, (iii) birds show a significant tendency to avoid flying across the danger zone, but (iv) all kinds of birds are at a real risk of collisions with trains at viaducts. The greatest danger is at viaduct extremes rather than in their central section, particularly during gusts of wind and for small or medium-sized birds. It also appears that relatively low viaducts might pose greater risk. In practical terms, these results (i) emphasise the need for thorough prior prospection of bird species present, and their flight patterns, where new viaducts are to be built, (ii) show that there is a real risk of bird collisions with trains at viaducts, which should be mitigated, with particular attention due to viaduct extremes and areas where their height is not much above the surrounding vegetation and (iii) strongly indicate the need to minimise viaduct features that may attract birds to them, for example as potential nest sites.

Narrative media interventions influence efficacy beliefs, social norms, and choice of behavioral options: A field experiment in Burkina Faso

Narrative media interventions in the form of edutainment are increasingly used to change behaviors, social norms, and attitudes. The present study examines the effects of a narrative intervention using role models on efficacy beliefs, behavioral options, social norms, and attitudes. I utilize data from a cluster randomized controlled trial with two arms (treatment vs. control) conducted in 132 villages in Burkina Faso ( N = 2,904 participants). Randomly selected participants in intervention villages participated in group listening sessions of a radio drama over 3 months. Compared to a business-as-usual control, the narrative intervention increased self- and collective efficacy beliefs to bring about social change, and influenced endorsement of behavioral options to fight corruption. The intervention also reduced the perception that reporting corruption is viewed as dangerous by the community. The findings contribute to the literature on narrative media interventions and social modeling of action.

STRUCTURAL CHANGES IN THE HOTEL BUSINESS IN THE CONDITIONS OF WAR TIME

Problem Statement and Purpose. The hotel and tourism industry is one of the most attractive sectors of the economy for investment due to small initial capital investments, the ever-growing demand of society for tourism and hotel services, a high level of profitability and the average payback period of projects. The hotel and tourism industries stimulate the development of related sectors of the national economy, primarily construction and trade, and contribute to the creation of new jobs. The hotel and tourist industries actively influence the economy of the city (region, country in general), in particular, the spheres of economic and social activity. Military actions on the territory of Ukraine since the beginning of 2022 have significantly affected the demand and supply of hotel services in the country. The destruction of accommodation facilities damaged by shelling and their loss as a result of the occupation was the result of a decrease in the supply of the hotel market. As a result, number pools were emptied in many regions. The hotel industry of the northern, eastern and southern regions of Ukraine, as well as the city of Kyiv, suffered the greatest negative impact. The best situation in the hotel business is currently demonstrated in the western part of Ukraine, where accommodation establishments are operating in full and in fact at 100 percent capacity. As for the hotel sector in other parts of the country: companies have faced difficulties in providing services. The main goal of accommodation facilities was to adapt companies to the realities of wartime, taking into account curfews and air raids. Searching for new forms of service and re-equipment of establishments according to safety requirements became important tasks of hotels. Data &amp; Methods. The research used data from official websites and articles from Ukrainian web magazines. Empirical research methods (observation and monitoring of hotel services) and the forecasting method were used to achieve the goal. Results. Since the beginning of the full-scale invasion, the country’s tourism industry has significantly decreased It is also complicated by the fact that Ukraine, like many other countries of the world, has not yet fully “recovered” from the coronavirus pandemic. For these very reasons, foreign tourism is not developing. First, a large number of citizens have increased expenses and decreased incomes. Secondly, conscripts cannot go abroad with their families, even if they have the means to do so. Third, there are logistical problems. Besides, there will be no flow of foreign tourists until the country becomes safe. And today’s visit to Ukraine is this mainly representatives of foreign mass media and industry workers who move around the country for work. In such difficult conditions for the Ukrainian hospitality sector, as martial law, service failures are an unpredictable state, where work standards are very important and demonstrate service to the guest. That is why accommodation establishments must be able to identify possible problems that may be caused by external factors and develop options for behavior in the event of their occurrence (as in the case of a power outage – hotels operate with the help of generators). It is also very important to “show concern for the guest”. This applies to such details as: the mode of operation of various services, the format of check-in and check-out, the operation of room service and, as relevant, the mode of operation of the generator, and what services are available with it. Currently, the western part of Ukraine continues to function actively (which will continue to be popular over the next 5 years, due to the need to restore infrastructure in other parts of the country) and domestic tourism is developing. I can assume that in the future, after the liberation of the state from the occupiers, inbound tourism will be active and will be associated with business trips and the involvement of European countries in the reconstruction process. There will also be the resumption of work of some hotel chains and the launch of accommodation facilities that have suspended their opening due to martial law. Regarding the speed of restoration of the hotel industry, such two factors as the duration of hostilities on the territory of Ukraine and the level of migration of the country’s citizens abroad can testify. So far, the guests of accommodation establishments are mainly Ukrainians (99%), the latter (1%) – foreign journalists, military personnel, volunteers and representatives of international organizations.