Model Of Behavior Research Articles

On The Applications of a New Advanced PEPFG Mathematical Model for HTM Dynamic Behavior of SDF Sandwich Plates

On The Applications of a New Advanced PEPFG Mathematical Model for HTM Dynamic Behavior of SDF Sandwich Plates

The Effect of Pro-Environmental Destination Image on Resident Environmental Citizenship Behavior: The Mediating Roles of Satisfaction and Pride

Despite the lengthy history of the research on destination image from various perspectives, how pro-environmental destination image promotes resident environmental citizenship behavior remains underexplored. Grounded in the cognition–affect–behavior (CAB) model, this research investigated the translation of pro-environmental destination image into resident environmental citizenship behavior via satisfaction and pride. Data were collected using an intercept survey approach from a tourism village recognized as one of the best in the world by UNWTO. The results indicated that a pro-environmental destination image has a positive impact on resident environmental citizenship behavior in the private and public domains. Furthermore, resident satisfaction and pride serve as mediators between pro-environmental destination image and resident environmental citizenship behavior. This research contributes to the literature on resident environmental citizenship behavior by considering the role of pro-environmental destination image. The findings provide practical implications for fostering environmental citizenship behavior through the presentation of pro-environmental images to residents and eliciting their positive emotions.

Numerical model for solid-like and fluid-like behavior of granular flows

AbstractWe propose a constitutive model for both the solid-like and fluid-like behavior of granular materials by decomposing the stress tensor into quasi-static and collisional components. A hypoplastic model is adopted for the solid-like behavior in the quasi-static regime, while the viscous and dilatant behavior in the fluid-like regime is represented by a modified $$\mu (I)$$ μ ( I ) rheology model. This model effectively captures the transition between solid-like and fluid-like flows. Performance and validation of the proposed model are demonstrated through numerical simulations of element tests.

Bridging the Intention-Behavior Gap in Organic Food Consumption: Empirical Evidence from China.

The transition to a low-carbon economy emphasizes the importance of green and low-carbon consumption; yet, there is often a discrepancy between consumers' intentions and their actual behavior regarding organic foods. This study aims to identify strategies to bridge this gap. The research model of organic food consumption intention and behavior is constructed, and a structural equation model is used to test the research hypotheses based on a valid sample of 480 residents of Guangdong Province through an online questionnaire survey. Further, the intention‒behavior gap is defined and its determinants are investigated through multiclass logistic regression. Finally, we categorize and forecast the alignment between consumption intentions and behaviors using machine learning algorithms. The results reveal that attitudes, social interactions, and cognitive information play crucial roles in aligning intentions with behaviors. By enhancing social information exchange or improving cognitive understanding, consumers can reduce their intention‒behavior discrepancy. This research offers valuable policy recommendations for fostering green consumption among residents from various perspectives.

Optimal dispatching of regional power grid considering vehicle network interaction.

When large-scale electric vehicles are connected to the grid for unordered charging, it will seriously affect the stability and security of the power system. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a regional power network optimization scheduling method considering vehicle network interaction. Initially, based on the user behavior characteristics and charging and discharging characteristics of electric vehicles, a charging and discharging behavior model of electric vehicles was established. Based on the Monte Carlo sampling algorithm, the scheduling upper and lower limits of each scheduling cycle of electric vehicles were described, and the scheduling potential of each scheduling cycle of electric vehicles was obtained. Then, the electricity price is then used as an incentive parameter to guide EV users to charge during periods of low electricity prices and participate in discharge during periods of peak electricity prices. Aiming at the highest economic efficiency, the best consumption effect of new energy and the smoothest demand-side power curve of regional power grid, a three-objective optimal dispatching model was established. In the later stage, uncertainty factors are taken into consideration by introducing the concept of interval numbers, and an interval multi-objective optimization dispatching model is established. The two dispatching models are solved by NSGA-II algorithm and improved NSGA-II algorithm, and the Pareto solution set is obtained. Finally, based on the analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), the optimal scheduling scheme is determined. The Monte Carlo sampling method is used to simulate the user side charging demand, and the effectiveness of this method is verified. In addition, the results of the interval multi-objective optimization model and the deterministic multi-objective optimization model are compared, and it is proved that the solution results of the interval multi-objective model are more adaptive, practical and robust to the uncertain factors.

Electrochemical Circuit Model Based State of Health Prognostics for Evaluation of Reusability of Lithium-Ion Batteries from Electric Vehicle.

For the purpose of predicting the state of health of already used lithium-ion batteries from 85 kWh electric vehicles, a simplified equivalent circuit model is utilized to estimate the electrochemical time constant from constant current discharge profiles. The grading process among as-obtained LIB cells is classified into three level types according to the remaining capacity and direct current resistance. Theoretically, the logarithmic equation describing cycling behavior is derived and utilized in the prediction of the state of health of the used cells. After the selection of the electrochemical time constant obtained from the best-fitting results in constant current discharge data, the suitable cycle number until the 20th cycle was selected for the prediction of the state of health after the 250th cycling data, which revealed that a narrow error range below 5% was for high and medium battery grades. Also, this error range became abruptly wider in lowest grade batteries, indicating that our proposed model for cycling behavior was highly useful in the prediction of the future state of health of the used batteries.

The reduced order model for creep using dynamic mode decomposition

Given the computational challenges associated with finite element methods in analyzing creep behavior in high-temperature components, this work presents an advanced method for modeling thermal creep in complex structures through a reduced order model (ROM) developed via dynamic mode decomposition (DMD). The results indicate that the ROM using DMD can predict long-term structural responses related to creep based on short-term data with high accuracy, enhancing significantly computational efficiency. The application of ROM allows for the rapid estimation of creep effects in complex structures, like monoliths in the MegaPower reactor, thereby improving the design efficiency. The eigenvalues of the creep related ROM all fall in the unit circle on the complex plane, indicating that creep is a stable development process. The DMD with improved time mode coefficient can reconstruct strain-rate related plastic deformation and cyclic visco-plastic deformation process. Additionally, we derive the necessary stress updating algorithm and consistent tangent operator matrix for the 316H unified visco-plastic constitutive equation in 2023 edition ASME code, ensuring accurate modeling of material creep behavior under high temperatures in this paper. This work provides a valuable tool for the safe design and operation of critical components in nuclear engineering and other high-temperature applications.

An incentive strategy for the retention of impatient passengers in ride-sourcing markets

A prominent problem plagued the ride-sourcing service providers is the instantaneous real-time demand–supply imbalance. This entails a terrible user experience and causes adverse sustainable results such as customer churn for the platform, which will damage both drivers’ income and the platform revenue. To reduce passenger cancellation caused by extended wait times, we propose an incentive-based queue management strategy —a discount method— to enhance the waiting experience and encourage passengers to stay in a post-peak period . We formulate the waiting process for a ride-sourcing service as an M/M/c+M queue system with impatient passengers, and model passengers’ reneging behaviors by characterizing the impact of discounted trip fare and updated queue information on their travel utilities. Based on such a behavior model, we can analyze the effect of the discount strategy on the queueing process, which allows us to maximize the platform’s profit growth by tailoring the discount strategy. Our result shows that the discount strategy can effectively increase the platform’s profit. Under the specific condition of the discount strategy, the earlier the strategy is implemented in the post-peak period, the higher platform profit can be achieved. Moreover, we explore the impact of queueing system parameters on the performance of the discount strategy and gain some interesting insights.

Isothermal Amplification Using Temperature-Controlled Frequency Mixing Magnetic Detection-Based Portable Field-Testing Platform.

Sensitive magnetic nucleic acid (NA) detection via frequency mixing magnetic detection (FMMD) requires amplified NA samples for which a reliable temperature control is necessary. The feasibility of recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) was studied within a newly integrated temperature-controlled sensor unit of a mobile FMMD based setup. It has been demonstrated that the inherently generated heat of the low frequency (LF) excitation signal of FMMD can be utilized and controlled by means of pulse width modulation (PWM). To test control performance in a point of care (PoC) setting with changing ambient conditions, a steady state and dynamic response model for the thermal behavior at the sample position of the sensor were developed. We confirmed that in the sensor unit of the FMMD device, RPA performs similar as in a temperature-controlled water bath. For narrow steady state temperature regions, a linear extrapolation suffices for estimation of the sample position temperature, based on the temperature feedback sensor for PWM control. For any other ambient conditions, we identified and validated a lumped parameter model (LPM) performing with high estimation accuracy. We expect that the method can be used for NA amplification and magnetic detection using FMMD in resource-limited settings.

Peran Guru Pendidikan Agama Katolik dalam Mengatasi Perilaku Antisosial pada Peserta Didik di SMP St. Antonius Bangun Mulia

Antisocial behavior is an action that harms others. At the junior high school level, anti-social behavior that appears to be carried out by students in the form of: bullying, not caring when their friends cry and laugh when they are punished and disturbing their friends during prayer. To overcome anti-social behavior in students, the existence of a PAK teacher is the right solution to overcome this behavior through its role, namely; as a motivator, learning manager, facilitator, role model and mentor. This study aims to overcome anti-social behavior in students through the role of PAK teachers. This research uses a qualitative approach with observation, interview, and documentation techniques. Based on the results of the study, the Catholic Religious Education (PAK) Teacher appears to have been effective in playing his role in overcoming anti-social behavior in students at SMP ST. Antonius Bangun Mulia Junior High School. Through his role, the Catholic Religious Education teacher has increased students' learning motivation, attracted students' interest in learning through learning management, provided various media to make it easier for students to understand the subject matter, became a model for students' behavior, and guided and directed students to have good attitudes and behavior.

Nonlinear finite element modelling of the bond behavior of near-surface mounted Fe-SMA bars

Strengthening of concrete members with near-surface-mounted (NSM) iron-based shape memory alloy (Fe-SMA) bars can increase the load-carrying capacity and reduce deflections/crack widths owing to the unique self-prestressing ability of the Fe-SMA. However, the bond behavior of Fe-SMA bars is critical for the effectiveness of the NSM strengthening method, as inadequate bond strength can result in premature bond failure, rendering the strengthening technique ineffective. This study presents the results of a non-linear finite element (FE) model that was developed and validated to simulate the bond behavior and failure patterns of NSM Fe-SMA bars grouted into concrete. The variable parameters of the study included the effect of the compressive strength of the grout and the concrete block, the effect of cover depth and the activation of the Fe-SMA bar on the bond behavior. Investigations showed that the bond resistance and failure patterns of the NSM bars were significantly affected by the compressive strength of the concrete block and grout. The results showed that increasing the compressive strength of the grout by two times resulted in a 35 % increase in bond strength while increasing the compressive strength of the concrete block by three times resulted in a 30 % increase in bond strength. Additionally, the load transfer between the grout and concrete block was strongly influenced by the grout's compressive strength, where a higher strength of the grout resulted in a stiffer bond and increased contribution of the concrete block to resisting loads. Similarly, increasing the cover depth by four times from 5 mm to 20 mm increased the bond strength by more than twice and ultimately led to a change in failure mode from a splitting crack in the grout to a splitting crack in the concrete block. The results of the study also show that prestressing the short NSM bond with Fe-SMA can induce an initial bar slip in the range of 0.025 to 0.14 mm for recovery stresses of 100 MPa to 350 MPa.

Tobacco Cessation Interventions in Non-Respiratory Cancers: A Systematic Review With Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Considering the high rates of persistent tobacco use, effective cessation interventions are needed for cancer patients and caregivers. Despite the need, there is a significant lack of research on tobacco cessation, especially for non-respiratory cancers (breast, prostate, colorectal, cervical, and bladder cancer). The objective was to evaluate tobacco use and tobacco cessation interventions among patients and caregivers for non-respiratory cancers. Randomized controlled trials assessing tobacco cessation interventions were identified. Five electronic databases were searched in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines through July 2023. Studies exclusive to lung, oral, thoracic, and head and neck cancers were excluded. Effect sizes were estimated; risk of bias was assessed. Of 3,304 studies, 17 were included. Interventions included behavioral (n = 6), pharmacotherapy (n = 2), and a combination (n = 9) treatment. Eight studies included a health behavior model; mean behavioral change techniques were 5.57. Pooled magnitude of the odds of cessation was positive and significant (odds ratio = 1.24, 95% confidence interval [LowerLimit1.02, UpperLimit1.51]) relative to usual care/placebo. Cumulative meta-analysis examined the accumulation of results over-time and demonstrated that studies have been significant since 2020. Two studies included caregivers' who were involved in the provision of social support. Current interventions have the potential to reduce tobacco use in non-respiratory cancers. Results may be beneficial for promoting tobacco cessation among non-respiratory cancers. There is a considerable lack of dyadic interventions for cancer survivors and caregivers; researchers are encouraged to explore dyadic approaches.

A unified risk field-based driving behavior model for car-following and lane-changing behaviors simulation

The modeling of driving behavior is pivotal for the accurate simulation of traffic scenarios and for providing human-like decision-making of autonomous driving systems. Car-following (CF) and lane-changing (LC) behaviors are continuous maneuvers within traffic flow, generally modeled separately in the literature. The coherence between these two behaviors may be ignored, leading to unrealistic behavioral simulations. Therefore, this paper establishes a risk field-based driving behavior model for two-dimensional motion, ensuring coherent modeling of CF and LC behaviors under a unified framework. First, a risk quantification method is developed to calculate the risk in two-dimensional scenarios, accounting for risk over the preview time. A cubic polynomial is applied to generate path curves that align with vehicle dynamics. Second, the enhanced behavior model primarily comprises two integral components: path and trajectory planning. These two components aim to identify the path or trajectory that maximizes the benefit while meeting the desired risk. Third, the maximum acceptable risk, representing a higher risk than the desired risk, is defined to facilitate path adjustment and avoid frequent path adjustment. Finally, the proposed model is proved through comparisons with existing models using driving data. Several cases are employed for further analysis to show the model's rationality and potential in various aspects. This study develops the previous risk field-based behavior model from one-dimensional to two-dimensional scenarios, furnishes a unified framework for elucidating driving behavior in various scenarios, and contributes to the progress of behavior modeling.

Numerical modeling of heat transfer behavior for two-phase flow in a nozzle considering phase change

The heat transfer and phase change of alumina particles in the gas-particle flow of the nozzle plays an important role in solid rocket motors (SRM) due to the coupling between the heat transfer and two-phase flow. However, it lacks precise modeling of the heat transfer behaviors of condensed particles in the nozzle, especially the phase change effect. In this article, we determine that the Drake model has the highest accuracy in calculating the convective heat flux between two phases, and propose a correlation to obtain radiative heat flux between the particle and walls. Then, a one-dimensional two-phase non-equilibrium model is established to consider the effects of heat transfer and solidification of particles on the two-phase flow in the nozzle. The results show that considering the phase change of particle improves the outlet thrust of the nozzle, but such increment decreases with the gas inlet temperature. When the supercooling phenomenon is considered, the nozzle thrust is reduced by 1.14% compared with that considering no supercooling. As the particle size increases, the outlet temperature of the particle phase rises and can even surpass the solidification temperature of particles and the velocity of the particle phase decreases significantly.

A new method for surge arrester placement in high‐voltage substations considering environmental effects

AbstractConventional approaches for determining the optimal locations of surge arresters (SAs) can result in an unnecessary increase in the number of these devices in high‐voltage substations. This study presents an effective technique for determining the optimal locations of SAs. The lightning back flashover (BF) and switching over‐voltages are predicted with the accurate modeling of the transient behavior of all elements of high‐voltage substations and transmission lines, considering the effect of environmental conditions. Also, the proposed limiting parameter Monte Carlo (MC‐LP) method is utilized to correctly select the probability distribution of the possible strokes for predicting the insulation risk (IR) of a transformer based on transient over‐voltage on the transformer end. Therefore, the most appropriate location to install an SA can be determined with a minimum number of calculations using the structural data of the substation, lines connected to it, and the transformer. Simulations are based on experimental results, and the number of calculations significantly decreases using the proposed algorithm. Simulations of the sample network and implementation of the proposed algorithm with MATLAB and EMTP‐RV prove the efficiency of the proposed method for optimum SA placement.

Experimental study of the effects of the void located at the pile tip on the load capacity of rock-socketed piles

To address the design challenge of the rock-socketed piles posed by the void located below the pile tip, the physical laboratory model tests were designed and performed to simulate rock socketed piles using similar materials. The study investigates the behavior of the single pile under axial loading with the void located at varying distances from the pile tip. Through multi-level load tests, the variations of unit pile side friction, pile tip resistance, pile axial force and pile settlement are obtained for different positions of the void from the pile tip, as well as after grouting. Its comparison to the rock-socketed pile without void is performed as a reference to quantify the reduction in its bearing capacity. The results are presented in the form of graphs for different void positions and its grouting shows the influence on pile bearing capacity and emphasizes the importance of its detailed cautious investigation and introduction in the analysis. The 2D finite element modeling of the model pile-the void based on ABAQUS is performed to further investigate the influence of the void below pile tip on the bearing capacity of model pile, applying the Mohr Coulomb model as the constitutive model of rock mass behavior. The critical distance of the void below the pile tip is determined.

Experimental study of the effects of the void located at the pile tip on the load capacity of rock-socketed piles

To address the design challenge of the rock-socketed piles posed by the void located below the pile tip, the physical laboratory model tests were designed and performed to simulate rock socketed piles using similar materials. The study investigates the behavior of the single pile under axial loading with the void located at varying distances from the pile tip. Through multi-level load tests, the variations of unit pile side friction, pile tip resistance, pile axial force and pile settlement are obtained for different positions of the void from the pile tip, as well as after grouting. Its comparison to the rock-socketed pile without void is performed as a reference to quantify the reduction in its bearing capacity. The results are presented in the form of graphs for different void positions and its grouting shows the influence on pile bearing capacity and emphasizes the importance of its detailed cautious investigation and introduction in the analysis. The 2D finite element modeling of the model pile-the void based on ABAQUS is performed to further investigate the influence of the void below pile tip on the bearing capacity of model pile, applying the Mohr Coulomb model as the constitutive model of rock mass behavior. The critical distance of the void below the pile tip is determined.

Seeking help for perinatal depression and anxiety: a systematic review of systematic reviews from an interdependent perspective.

Seeking help for perinatal mood and anxiety disorders is crucial for women's mental health and babies' development, yet many women do not seek help for their condition and remain undiagnosed and untreated. This systematic review of systematic reviews aimed at summarizing and synthesizing findings from all systematic reviews on seeking help for PMAD in the context of interdependence theory, highlighting the interdependent relationship between women and healthcare providers and how it may impact women's seeking-help process. Four electronic databases were searched, and 18 studies published up to 2023 met inclusion criteria for review. The capability, opportunity and motivation model of behavior was used as a framework for organizing and presenting the results. Results demonstrate that seeking help for PMAD is a function of the interdependent relationship between perinatal women's and healthcare providers' psychological and physical capabilities, social and physical opportunities, and their reflective and automatic motivation. Unmet needs in perinatal mental healthcare is an important public health problem. This systematic review of systematic reviews highlights key factors for policymakers, researchers, and practitioners to consider to optimize healthcare systems and interventions in a way that enhances perinatal women's treatment whenever necessary.

Seeking help for perinatal depression and anxiety: a systematic review of systematic reviews from an interdependent perspective.

Seeking help for perinatal mood and anxiety disorders is crucial for women's mental health and babies' development, yet many women do not seek help for their condition and remain undiagnosed and untreated. This systematic review of systematic reviews aimed at summarizing and synthesizing findings from all systematic reviews on seeking help for PMAD in the context of interdependence theory, highlighting the interdependent relationship between women and healthcare providers and how it may impact women's seeking-help process. Four electronic databases were searched, and 18 studies published up to 2023 met inclusion criteria for review. The capability, opportunity and motivation model of behavior was used as a framework for organizing and presenting the results. Results demonstrate that seeking help for PMAD is a function of the interdependent relationship between perinatal women's and healthcare providers' psychological and physical capabilities, social and physical opportunities, and their reflective and automatic motivation. Unmet needs in perinatal mental healthcare is an important public health problem. This systematic review of systematic reviews highlights key factors for policymakers, researchers, and practitioners to consider to optimize healthcare systems and interventions in a way that enhances perinatal women's treatment whenever necessary.

Unconventional Spectral Gaps Induced by Charge Density Waves in the Weyl Semimetal (TaSe4)2I.

Coupling Weyl quasiparticles and charge density waves (CDWs) can lead to fascinating band renormalization and many-body effects beyond band folding and Peierls gaps. For the quasi-one-dimensional chiral compound (TaSe4)2I with an incommensurate CDW transition at TC = 263 K, photoemission mappings thus far are intriguing due to suppressed emission near the Fermi level. Models for this unconventional behavior include axion insulator phases, correlation pseudogaps, polaron subbands, bipolaron bound states, etc. Our photoemission measurements show sharp quasiparticle bands crossing the Fermi level at T > TC, but for T < TC, these bands retain their dispersions with no Peierls or axion gaps at the Weyl points. Instead, occupied band edges recede from the Fermi level, opening a spectral gap. Our results confirm localization of quasiparticles (holes created by photoemission) is the key physics, which suppresses spectral weights over an energy window governed by incommensurate modulation and inherent phase defects of CDW.