Beet Pulp Diet Research Articles

Digesta collection procedure may affect ileal digestibility in pigs fed diets based on wheat bran or beet pulp

Digestibility determined by collection of feed residues at the terminal ileum (ileal digestibility) has been shown to provide a reliable estimate of amino acid availability to the pig. As a routine technique to collect ileal digesta, an ileo-rectal anastomosis (IRA) has been proposed. In this trial, four Large White pigs (52.0 ± 1.5 kg) were used to test IRA against ileo-colic post-valve fistulation (ICPV), considered as a reference fistulation technique. A standard cereal-based diet and two semi-synthetic diets enriched with either wheat bran or beet pulp were used. They were given consecutively to each group of two pigs (ICPV, IRA), once or twice a day, in the order mentioned above. Similar values for total nitrogen and amino acid-digestibility were obtained in ICPV and IRA pigs on the standard or the wheat bran diets. On the beet pulp diet, ICPV collection resulted in a significantly higher apparent digestibility of total nitrogen and amino acids than did IRA collection. This was probably due to the bypass of the ileo-caeco-colic sphincter in the IRA pigs. Therefore, depending on the diet, digestibility values based on IRA collection may differ from those measured by ICPV collection. Further work is needed to identify the particular conditions that make ileo-caeco-colic sphincter function a critical determinant of digestibility values.

Effect of barley, sugar beet pulp and protein level in the diet on growth, body composition and blood metabolites and insulin concentrations of entire male lambs

There is a continuing requirement to improve the lean content of meat, efficiently produced, as food for human consumers. Hormonal anabolic compounds which stimulate the deposition of lean tissue and reduce fat accretion in ruminant animals are not permitted in the UK. In the absence of the use of such exogenous compounds, alternative currently practical means of manipulating body composition include the use of genetic selection and alterations in nutrition. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of diets differing in the source of carbohydrate and in protein level. The diets chosen were based on barley (diet B) in which starch predominates and sugar beet pulp (diet P) which contains greater quantities of cellulose and hemi-cellulose.Twenty-eight crossbred (Suffolk ♂ x mule ♀ )entire male lambs were used in the experiment. They were housed at approximately eight weeks of age in individual slatted-floor pens and gradually introduced to experimental diets over a period of three weeks prior to the commencement of the study. Four pelleted diets were offered.

Nature de l'aliment, finesse de mouture et données anatomo-fonctionnelles du tube digestif proximal du lapin

Two diets containing either dehydrated lucerne (40%) or dehydrated beet pulp (50%) both being coarsely (4 mm) of finely (1 mm) ground before pelleting, were fed to 120 rabbits after weaning. Feed intake and weight gain were estimated. After 79 days, 11 rabbits in each group were slaughtered between 14.00 and 17.00 h. The parameters measured were stomach and ileal weights, dry matter, fibre and nitrogen contents, volatile fatty acid concentrations. Gastric emptying and intestinal transit time were estimated in each group. Rabbits fed the beet pulp diet had a better feed conversion ratio associated with a higher solid matter gastric retention and also a longer jejuno-ileal transit time. Finely ground diet further increased the transit time, particularly in the ileum, which was also associated with a higher concentration of fermentation by-products.

Concentrates for dairy cows: Effects of feeding method, proportion in diet and type

In Expt. 1, two methods of giving the concentrate (completely mixed diet and concentrate given twice per day), two proportions of concentrate (0.40 and 0.65) and supplementation with sodium bicarbonate or sodium chloride were compared using 32 dairy cows in early lactation. With 0.40 concentrate, no significant effects on milk production or digestibility resulted from different methods of feeding. With 0.65 concentrate, milk yield, dry matter intake and digestibility coefficients were higher with the mixed diet than when the concentrate was given twice per day. At both proportions of concentrate, diets with sodium bicarbonate did not show any advantage over diets containing sodium chloride. In Expt. 2, two methods of feeding (completely mixed diet and concentrate given twice per day) and two types of concentrate (based on barley or on sugar beet pulp) were compared with 32 dairy cows in early lactation, given a diet containing 0.60 concentrate. Milk yield, food intake and digestibility were higher with the mixed diet than when the concentrate was offered twice daily. The sugar beet pulp diet was more digestible than the barley-based ration, but the respective milk yields were similar.

The Influence of Wheat Bran and Sugar-Beet Pulp on the Digestibility of Dietary Components in a Cereal-Based Pig Diet

The influence of added wheat bran or dried sugar-beet pulp on the apparent digestion of dietary components was examined in pigs fitted with duodenal and terminal ileal cannulas. The pigs were fed a basal cereal-based diet alone or substituted at a level of 33% by wheat bran or beet pulp. Neither fibrous component influenced the digestibility of starch, but inclusion of beet pulp decreased dry matter content and digestibility of ash, protein and fat in the ileum and fecal digestibility of fat. Between 11 and 37% of the nonstarch polysaccharides were degraded anterior to the ileum, and the percentage of beet pulp diet nonstarch polysaccharides that was soluble increased from 11% in the feed to 35% at the ileum. Xylose and glucose were the least degraded nonstarch polysaccharide residues in all three diets, and the non-starch polysaccharide residues varied in susceptibility to breakdown within and between diets, depending on the composition of the fiber. Almost 50% of the beet pulp, but less than 20% of the wheat bran, was degraded in the large intestine. The inclusion of wheat bran and beet pulp increased fecal output by 127 and 56%, respectively.

Absorption, Excretion and Tissue Distribution of Stable Zinc and 65Zinc in Ponies

Absorption excretion and tissue distribution of stable Zn and 65Zn in mature ponies were studied in three experiments. In the first experiment, the metabolism of stable, dietary Zn and intravenously administered 65Zn was studied in three ponies in a 3 X 3 Latin square design. The ponies were fed a corn and beet pulp diet containing 35 mg Zn/kg or the same diet with 250 or 520 mg of supplemental Zn as ZnO. The ponies absorbed and retained more stable Zn when fed 250 mg of supplemental Zn that when fed the basal diet alone or the basal diet plus 520 mg of supplemental Zn. The ponies retained more 65Zn (percentage of dose) when fed the basal diet or the same diet with 250 mg of supplemental Zn. The intestinal tract was the major route of excretion of stable Zn and 65Zn. In the second experiment, the retention of an oral dose of 65Zn was studied in three ponies in a 3 X 3 Latin square design. The ponies were fed a beet pulp, corn starch and alfalfa meal diet containing 15 mg Zn/kg or the same diet with 240 or 480 mg of supplemental Zn as ZnO. The ponies retained a greater percentage of a dose of 65Zn when fed the basal diet or the basal diet plus 240 mg of supplemental Zn than when fed 480 mg of supplemental Zn. In the third experiment, four ponies fed a commercial pelleted diet containing 125 mg Zn/kg were given an intravenous dose of 65Zn. The ponies were killed 7 to 14 days after receiving the dose and tissues were counted for radioactivity. Parenchymatous organs such as liver, pancreas, kidney, heart and lung contained a greater percentage of 65Zn than did structural organs such as bone and muscle. The wall of the gastrointestinal tract contained more radioactivity than did the contents.

On the influence of diet on the retention time of food in the digestive tract of cows

The retention times of dry matter and its constituents in the digestive tract of cows on hay+sugar beet pulp (5 cows) and cows fed on hay+swedes (8 cows) are compared with the retention times pertaining to cows fed on hay+concentrate or hay only. The following conclusions were reached; On a hay+sugar beet pulp diet the mean retention time of dry matter in the reticulo-rumen, and the retention times of lignin in the reticulo-rumen, in the whole digestive tract, and in the digestive tract following the reticulo-rumen are of the same magnitude as the corresponding retention times on a hay+concentrate diet (figs. 1, 2, 5, and 6). The mean retention time of membrane substances in the reticulo-rumen seems to be shorter and that of valuable N-free nutrients in the reticulo-rumen longer than the corresponding retention times on a hay+concentrate diet (figs. 3 and 4). On a hay+swede diet the mean retention times of dry matter and membrane substances in the reticulo-rumen are of the same magnitude as on a hay+concentrate diet (figs. 1 and 3). The mean retention time of valuable N-free nutrients in the reticulo-rumen and, in abundant feeding, the retention times of lignin in the reticulo-rumen, in the whole digestive tract, and especially in the digestive tract following the reticulo-rumen are shorter than on the hay+concentrate diet (figs. 2, 4, 5, and 6). On the hay+sugar beet pulp and the hay+swede diets the retention times are in general of the same magnitude. However, the retention time of membrane substances in the reticulo-rumen is shorter and that of the valuable N-free nutrients considerably longer on a hay+sugar beet pulp than on a hay+swede diet. Replacing a certain amount of hay by concentrates, sugar beet pulp or swedes on a dry matter basis seems to have no effect on the mean retention time of dry matter in the reticulo-rumen. However, a retarding effect on the rate of passage of typical hay constituents (lignin and membrane substances) and an accelerating effect on that of valuable N-free nutrients characteristic of concentrated foods was observed. The said replacing accelerates the rate of passage of lignin in the disgestive tract following the reticulo-rumen on a hay+swede diet.