Bed Material Research Articles

Acinetobacter in fresh faecal samples is related to sperm motility: A case report in Piétrain boars housed on different deep-litter bedding materials.

The swine gastrointestinal tract contains a great variety of microbes, forming a complex and dynamic ecosystem. Various internal and external factors (e.g. age, breed and diet) may influence its composition. This study aimed to investigate the gut microbial diversity of German Piétrain boars housed on different deep-litter bedding materials (regional wood shavings, linen, hemp, spelt husks, and wood shavings) via 16S-rDNA sequencing. Additionally, short-chain fatty acids were analysed using gas chromatography. Fresh faecal samples (n = 80) from 40 Piétrain boars were collected twice during the trial. Although it can be assumed that boars ingest bedding orally, no differences in the microbiome composition could be found. The main phyla were Firmicutes and Bacteroides. Acinetobacter was identified as a biomarker for sperm quality differences (total sperm motility) in breeding boars.

Composting Dairy Manure with Biochar: Compost Characteristics, Aminopyralid Residual Concentrations, and Phytotoxicity Effects

Aminopyralid (2-pyridine carboxylic acid, 4-amino-3, 6-dichloro-2-pyridine carboxylic acid) is an auxin herbicide that has been used widely to control broadleaf weeds in pasture and hay fields. With no post-application withdrawal time, aminopyralid absorbed into forage material can contaminate compost feed stocks such as hay, grass bedding material, and manure. Composts derived from such feed stocks raises concerns about after-effect injuries to sensitive crops by residual aminopyralids. Biochar (BC) additive may affect the composting process and immobilizes organic pollutants. This study examined the effect of composting dairy manure/sawdust 1:1 mixture containing 10 ppb (wet) of aminopyralid with 0%, 2%, 4%, and 10% (w/w) BC levels on chemical and biological characteristics of compost, residual aminopyralid concentration, and intensity of plant injury to tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) plants after composting in 140 L plastic rotary drum reactors for two 6-month cycles. Biochar addition decreased organic matter degradation and intensified reduction in residual aminopyralid levels in a dose-dependent manner. Composting with BC concentrated more N, P, and K, caused mild plant injuries, and increased the above ground biomass compared to the no BC incorporation. Addition of BC for composting aminopyralid-contaminated dairy manure can increase the phyto safety level of compost while enhancing the key fertilizer values.

Stability of boulders on cobble streambeds

The placement of boulders in streams enhances aquatic habitat by increasing the heterogeneity of flow conditions. Practical design must ensure the stability of individual boulders, requiring calculation of their incipient movement conditions. The stability of a boulder on a cobble bed is shown experimentally to depend on its size, the bed material size, the degree of embedment of the boulder, the slope of the bed and the flow velocity and depth. An equation is derived through a pivoting analysis for predicting the relationship between the critical ambient depth-averaged velocity and the critical flow depth; this, together with a resistance equation, can be used to predict the flow conditions for boulder stability. The equation is used to develop a simpler form for unsubmerged spherical boulders and cobbles. The stability equation is tested against the experimental data, using an experimentally determined drag coefficient relationship.

MODELLING AND ANALYSIS OF CNC MILLING MACHINE BED WITH COMPOSITE MATERIALS

The materials utilized as a part of a machine device have an unequivocal part in deciding the efficiency and exactness of the part made in it. The regular basic materials utilized as a part of exactness machine apparatuses, for example, cast iron and steel at high working velocities create positional mistakes because of the vibrations moved into the structure. Quicker cutting rates can be procured just by structure which has high firmness and great damping attributes. We know that by experiences life of a machine is inversely proportional to the levels of vibration that the machine is subjected. The further procedure is completed to experience the distortion, normal recurrence and removal utilizing Static examination, Modal investigation and Harmonic individually. Since the bed in machine apparatus assumes a basic part in guaranteeing the exactness and precision in segments. Is a standout amongst the most critical apparatus structures which have a tendency to retain the vibrations coming about because of the cutting operation. To break down the bed for conceivable material changes that could build solidness, diminish weight, improve damping characteristics. In this paper constant load is applied on a bed with and without Nanocoating on the material and with composite materials. Graphene is used for coating basing on strength and thermal properties. Modelling of the bed was carried out in SolidWorks and ANSYS is used for structural analysis. By comparing the stress distribution and deformation in the bed by changing its material with the previous. Finally this thesis summarizes the suitable materials can be used as machine bed material. Key words: Machine Tool, Machine Bed, Stiffness, Damping, SOLID WORKS, Ansys

Using <i>Origanum vulgare</i> L. in the floor management of chickens as an element of organic poultry farming

The article provides the results of the use of dried Origanum vulgare mass as an additional component of bedding material in chickens of the Hubbard Redbro M meat-and-egg cross. Origanum vulgare dried mass was added at the rate of 0.5 kg per experimental group daily from the age of 45 days after the transfer of chickens to floor management. The number of heads for each group was 35. The live weight advantage at the age of 2 months of the experimental group of chickens over the control group is 102.5 g, at 75 days of age is 216.5 g, at 90 days of age is 326.0 g and at the age of 105 days is 403.0 g. The SBA increased at the background of the S. aureus test culture: there was a significant suppression of colonies in the first five hours of exposure, and at the background of the E. coli test culture there was a suppression throughout the entire study period. The intensification of metabolic processes was noted in chickens of the experimental group, due to increased protein metabolism, liver and kidney enzymes of blood serum, which was also associated with an increased concentration of thyroid hormones. All these factors made it possible to raise significantly the gain in live weight by an average of 0.11 kg, which increased the slaughter weight by 8.4 %. Almost all indicators of the development of internal organs in chickens of group II are within significant limits of the difference compared with the control group.

Experimental and numerical investigation on the pyrolysis of oil shale particles in a bubbling fluidized bed

The efficient utilization of oil shale resource is beneficial to environment and the resource diversity. In this work, a bubbling fluidized bed (BFB) reactor was first used to pyrolyze Huadian oil shale experimentally, mainly focusing on the influence of fluidization flow rates. The yield of shale oil, char and non-condensable gas varies little at different fluidization flow rates, but the components in shale oil are different due to the secondary cracking, such as the fractions and species of aliphatic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons and non-hydrocarbons. Then, the dense discrete phase model (DDPM) was used to track the trajectories of oil shale particles with different diameters in a bubbling fluidized bed. Population balance model (PBM) coupled Eulerian model was used to well describe the bubbling status of bed materials to characterize the hydrodynamic behaviors. Furthermore, a segmented kinetic model was compiled by UDF module to illuminate the pyrolysis of oil shale particles. The multi-phase reactive flow modeling clearly indicated the distribution of oil shale particles and gaseous products in BFB reactor, as well as pyrolysis time and the secondary cracking at different fluidization flow rates. In summary, this work provides a reference basis for complete pyrolysis of oil shale particles in a bubbling fluidized bed and generating shale oil with high yield and good quality.

Production and investigation of water absorbent fibre pellets from unutilised lignocellulosic biomass pre-processed in a twin-screw extruder

Organic livestock farming requires all resource input to be organic as well. Competition for raw materials as bedding increases the demand for alternative bedding materials. The production of absorbent fibre pellets from underutilized lignocellulosic plant material is therefore a research area that needs further attention. Precise research on processing methods and absorbent quantity is essential for the development of sustainable, high-quality absorbent bedding pellets. Twin-screw extruded fibre from eight different raw materials were processed into absorbent pellets. These pellets were investigated for physical properties including absorbency, mechanical durability, particle-size distribution and bulk density in accordance with relevant standards. Due to the absence of a standardised method for assessing absorbency, a testing method was devised. This involved submerging the produced pellets in deionized water for durations of 30 s, 300 s, and 1200 s. This research analysed various raw materials for suitability in absorbent pellet production. Poplar pellets performed good in absorbency (130 %, 172 %, 194 % respectively) and mechanical durability (95 %). As a result, larger quantities of absorbent pellets could be produced from poplar if needed since poplar wood chips are of higher availability due to existing short rotation coppices. This article emphasised producing absorbent bedding pellets, prioritising, using twin-screw extruded lignocellulosic fibre, revealing significant raw material influence on absorption properties.

Two-fold advancement in LDPE Pyrolysis: Enhancing light oil output and substituting sand with kaolin in a fluidized bed system

Low-density polyethylene (LDPE) is the second most prevalent waste plastic globally, followed by polypropylene. The pyrolytic conditions required to obtain light oil(≤C12) from LDPE are more stringent than those for polypropylene, water plastics, acrylonitrile, butadiene, styrene, and other materials. Consequently, numerous researchers have underscored the necessity of employing catalysts in LDPE pyrolysis. This study explored the pyrolysis characteristics of LDPE at various temperatures in a non-catalytic fluidized bed reactor. The experiments employed a mixture of sand + kaolin, one of the Si-Al catalysts, to investigate the pyrolysis of LDPE in a fluidized bed reactor at different temperatures. The findings demonstrated that using sand + kaolin as a fluidized bed material significantly enhances the yield of pyrolysis oil while concurrently reducing the gas yield compared to using sand alone. Moreover, a higher light oil fraction was obtained using kaolin (16.67 wt%) at 560 °C compared with 8.6 wt%. In addition, the study revealed that elevated temperatures (520 °C, 560 °C, and 600 °C) led to a reduction in olefins and paraffin, coupled with an increase in the formation of naphthenes, aromatics, and ketones in the pyrolysis oil. Overall, the findings underscore the promising potential of kaolin as an alternative to sand, facilitating the enhanced production of valuable light oil fractions. The insights garnered from this study are invaluable for devising effective waste management strategies.

Experimental investigation and modeling of the impact of random packings on mass transfer in fluidized beds

This study investigates the impact of two novel settings of bubbling fluidized beds equipped with random metal packings on the mass transfer. To do this, a comprehensive approach is applied that integrates experiments and modeling and explores the relevance of the different underlying mechanisms involved in interphase mass transfer in fluidized beds. Firstly, the mass transfer of water from moisturized silica gel particles to dry air is studied in both a packed-fluidized bed and a freely bubbling bed with no packing. The experimental set-up consists of a cylindrical bubbling fluidized-bed column with an inner diameter of 22 cm. Silica-gel particles with a mean particle diameter of 797 μm are used as bed material. The total bed amount ranges from 4 to 8 kg, while the fluidization number (F) varies between 1.7 and 2.3. Two types of packing, RMSR (stainless steel thread saddle rings) and Hiflow (stainless steel pall rings) are examined and compared to the reference case of a bubbling bed with no packing. The height of the packed section is maintained at 60 cm. The results show that, at all operating conditions, the use of packings enhances the amount of desorbed water in the fluidized bed. The increase is up to 17%, as compared to the bed without packing. The effect is believed to be inhibition of bubble growth in the packed-fluidized bed. To study this further, a mass-transfer model is introduced to analyze the different mass-transfer steps (intra-particle, particle surface to emulsion gas, and emulsion gas to bubble gas) in packed-fluidized beds compared to beds with no packing. TGA experiments are applied to describe the intra-particle mass transfer through a desorption kinetic model. Model analysis shows that the main resistance for mass transfer occurs across the bubble-emulsion boundary. The calculated value of the mass transfer coefficient for this, Kb, at reference conditions (6 kg of silica gel and F = 2.3) is 7.6e-5 s−1 with packings (in average) and 6.2e-5 s−1 without packings, i.e. a 23% improvement in the governing mass-transfer coefficient.

How do sleepwear and bedding fibre types affect sleep quality: A systematic review

SummarySleepwear and bedding materials can affect sleep quality by influencing the skin and body temperature and thermal comfort. This review systematically evaluates the impact of sleepwear or bedding of different fibre types on sleep quality. A systematic search was conducted in six data bases plus Google Scholar and manual searches. Original articles that compared human sleep quality between at least two fibre types of bedding or sleepwear were included, resulting in nine eligible articles included in the review. The fibre types included cotton, polyester, wool, and blended materials for sleepwear; cotton, duck down, goose down, polyester and wool for duvet; and linen and a combination of cotton and polyester for bedding. The interplay between fibre materials and sleep quality is complex. Blended sleepwear demonstrated potential benefits for specific populations. Wool sleepwear showed benefits for sleep onset in adults (cool conditions) and in older adults (warm conditions). Linen bedsheets improved sleep quality under warm conditions in young adults. Goose down‐filled duvets increased slow‐wave sleep under cool conditions in young adults. However, a systematic comparison of fibre types is challenging due to the diverse nature of the studies evaluating sleep quality. Further research employing standardised methodologies with standard fibre samples in different populations and in different temperature conditions is imperative to elucidate comprehensively the effects of fibre choices on sleep quality. Despite the limitations and heterogeneity of the included studies, this analysis offers valuable insights for individuals seeking to optimise their sleep experiences and for manufacturers developing sleep‐related products.

Experimental investigation of hydraulic jump characteristics in sloping rough surfaces for sustainable development

Understanding the intricate dynamics of hydraulic jumps in sloped channels holds pivotal importance in various engineering applications. This research explores the intricate relationship between the size of the bed material and the basic properties of hydraulic jumps, providing insight into the relative jump length, height, and energy efficiency. The goal of the research is to get important knowledge that will be useful for optimizing hydraulic systems and enhancing their overall efficiency in diverse engineering domains. This study used an open-channel flow arrangement with four-bed slopes (0° to 6°) and three irregularity heights (10 to 30 mm). During the investigation, the Froude number differed from 2.30 to 8.85 and the Reynolds number differed from 5450 to 25500. A novel instinctive technique was used to create correlations for different hydraulic jump characteristics in roughen-bed inclined channels. The study examines the combined effects of roughness and slope of the bed, and it was discovered that the relative jump height and efficiency of hydraulic jump increase by 19.37% and 8.44% respectively while the relative jump length decreases by 23.05% with an increase in bed slope from 0° to 6°. The relative jump height and efficiency of the hydraulic jump increase by 14.20% and 21.06% respectively while the relative jump length decreases by 29.09% with a rise in bed roughness from 0 to 30 mm.

Co-Gasification of Polyethylene and Biomass in Catalytic Bed Material

In this work, a simplified comprehensive three-dimensional numerical model is developed to study the effect of hydrogen production on co-gasification of biomass and low-density polyethylene (LDPE). CFD software AVL Fire 2020 inbuilt algorithms were employed to develop the gas phase while the solid phase was developed by user-defined FORTRAN subroutines. Solid hydrodynamics, fuel conversion, homogenous and non-homogenous chemical reactions, and heat transfer, including radiation, subroutines were defined and incorporated into AVL FIRE explicitly. Species concentrations of the syngas were analyzed for co-gasification of Beechwood and LDPE for three distinct types of bed materials (silica sand, Na-Y zeolite, and ZSM-5 zeolite). Then, the model is validated with experiment results available in the literature for a lab-scale fluidized bed reactor. The highest hydrogen production was observed in Na-Y zeolite followed by ZSM-5 zeolite and silica in both numerical and experimental analysis for the co-gasification of Beechwood and LDPE, providing a reasonable agreement between the numerical and the experimental results. Therefore, the current model predicts the enhancement of the quality of hydrogen-rich syngas through the application of co-pyrolysis within a fluidized bed reactor, incorporating a catalytic bed material.

Hydrodynamic Modeling and Comprehensive Assessment of Pier Scour Depth and Rate Induced by Wood Debris Accumulation

This study mainly investigates the impact of debris accumulation on scour depth and scour hole characteristics around bridge piers. Through controlled experiments with uniform sand bed material, the influence of various debris shapes (high wedge, low wedge, triangle yield, rectangular, triangle bow, and half-cylinder), upstream debris length, downstream debris extension, and debris thickness on scour depth and scour hole area and volume around the cylindrical pier were analyzed. The findings revealed that the shape and location of debris in the water column upstream of piers are key factors that determine the depth of scour, with high wedge shapes inducing the deepest scour and potentially the largest scour hole, particularly when positioned close to the pier and fully submerged. Scenarios in which triangle bow debris was submerged at full depth upstream of the pier closely resembled situations devoid of debris. Conversely, debris extension downstream of the pier was found to reduce local scour depth while concurrently enlarging the dimensions of the scour hole. The existing scour prediction equations tend to overestimate scour depth in scenarios involving debris, particularly when applying effective and equivalent pier width. This discrepancy arises because these equations were originally developed to predict scour depth around piers in the absence of debris. In response, a refined model for predicting scour induced by debris was proposed, integrating factors such as upstream debris length, downstream extension, obstruction percentage, and debris shape factor. This model demonstrated strong agreement with experimental data within the scope of this study and underwent further validation using additional experimental datasets from other research endeavors. In conclusion, this experimental study advances the comprehension of scour processes around cylindrical bridge piers, providing valuable insights into the role of debris characteristics and positioning.

Agglomeration behaviour of various biomass fuels under different air staging conditions in fluidised bed technology for renewable energy applications

The most common technology for thermochemical conversion of solid fuel through the process of gasification, such as coal, varieties of residues from biomass and agriculture are the bubbling fluidised bed or fluidised bed systems. However, there are some disadvantages within these systems including the formation of eutectic mixtures, increased process of melting and bed agglomeration. Hence, the current study aimed to evaluate the agglomeration behaviour of various biomass fuels. Characteristics of five biomass fuels (miscanthus, peanut, straw, domestic wood and industrial wood) in a bubbling fluidised bed (BFB) combustor were studied by SEM-EDX, XRD and XRF analysis of bed materials and ash samples. The influence of bed temperatures on the fuel ash composition and bed particles was evaluated, as well as fuel ash components, their interaction with the particles from the bed sand and morphology of the bed material. The combustion efficiency ranged from 95.5 to 99.5% with the highest value obtained for miscanthus under SA conditions. The peanut and straw had the highest K content, whereas the industrial wood ash contained the highest Ca content compared to other biomasses. The XRF results showed that most of the potassium (K) from the wheat straw biomass was converted to K2O with 19%. No bed agglomeration was noticed without staging-air (WSA) and with staging-air (SA) combustion conditions, even with temperatures up to 850 °C during the testing period. Overall obtained results demonstrated that agglomeration is unlikely expected to be a major problem during fluidised bed combustion of tested biomass fuels.

Behavioural changes of Murrah buffalo calves under various upbringing systems

In present study, an effort was undertaken to estimate the “Effect of different bedding materials on the behaviour of Murrah buffalo calves”. Twenty buffalo calves (below 4 months of age) were divided into four groups (5 calves in each group), viz. T1: Concrete floor; T2: Concrete floor bedded with sand, T3: Concrete floor bedded with wheat straw, and T4: Concrete floor bedded with rubber mat. Recording of daily activities of calves throughout 8 h (8:00 am to 4:00 pm) for each month (December, January, and February) of two consecutive days representing time spent for particular behavioural activity along with total time spent in the covered area and the open area was recorded. Throughout the trial, a variety of behavioural activities of calves in all treatments was examined. The time spent by calves in the covered area was considerably greater in T3, followed by T1 and T4, and least in the T2 group. Calves raised on the floor made of wheat straw had significantly more lying time in the covered area than those raised on the floor made of rubber mat, concrete, or sand. Similar sleep duration was considerably longer in T3 and T4 than in T2, although the difference between T4 and T1 was not significant. Compared to T1 and T2, moving time in the enclosed area was noticeably shorter in T3 and T4. Feeding time in T3 was likewise noticeably longer than in T1 and T2, although it was not significantly different from T4. The results showed that the T3, T4, and T1, respectively had the best microclimate conditions for calves during the winter, whereas T2 had the poorer microclimatic condition.

Characterizing sub-glacial hydrology using radar simulations

Abstract. The structure and distribution of sub-glacial water directly influences Antarctic ice mass loss by reducing or enhancing basal shear stress and accelerating grounding line retreat. A common technique for detecting sub-glacial water involves analyzing the spatial variation in reflectivity from an airborne radar echo sounding (RES) survey. Basic RES analysis exploits the high dielectric contrast between water and most other substrate materials, where a reflectivity increase ≥ 15 dB is frequently correlated with the presence of sub-glacial water. There are surprisingly few additional tools to further characterize the size, shape, or extent of hydrological systems beneath large ice masses. We adapted an existing radar backscattering simulator to model RES reflections from sub-glacial water structures using the University of Texas Institute for Geophysics (UTIG) Multifrequency Airborne Radar Sounder with Full-phase Assessment (MARFA) instrument. Our series of hypothetical simulation cases modeled water structures from 5 to 50 m wide, surrounded by bed materials of varying roughness. We compared the relative reflectivity from rounded Röthlisberger channels and specular flat canals, showing both types of channels exhibit a positive correlation between size and reflectivity. Large (> 20 m), flat canals can increase reflectivity by more than 20 dB, while equivalent Röthlisberger channels show only modest reflectivity gains of 8–13 dB. Changes in substrate roughness may also alter observed reflectivity by 3–6 dB. All of these results indicate that a sophisticated approach to RES interpretation can be useful in constraining the size and shape of sub-glacial water features. However, a highly nuanced treatment of the geometric context is necessary. Finally, we compared simulated outputs to actual reflectivity from a single RES flight line collected over Thwaites Glacier in 2022. The flight line crosses a previously proposed Röthlisberger channel route, with an obvious bright bed reflection in the radargram. Through multiple simulations comparing various water system geometries, such as canals and sub-glacial lakes, we demonstrated the important role that topography and water geometry can play in observed RES reflectivity. From the scenarios that we tested, we concluded the bright reflector from our RES flight line cannot be a Röthlisberger channel but could be consistent with a series of flat canals or a sub-glacial lake. However, we note our simulations were not exhaustive of all possible sub-glacial water configurations. The approach outlined here has broad applicability for studying the basal environment of large glaciers. We expect to apply this technique when constraining the geometry and extent of many sub-glacial hydrologic structures in the future. Further research may also include comprehensive investigations of the impact of sub-glacial roughness, substrate heterogeneity, and computational efficiencies enabling more complex and complete simulations.

Experimental investigation of three-dimensional flow dynamics in a laboratory-scale meandering channel under subcritical flow condition

This study investigates the three-dimensional turbulence flow properties in a meandering channel under subcritical flow conditions, specifically focusing on a few critical parameters such as three-dimensional velocity behaviour, Turbulent kinetic energy, skewness, and kurtosis. A model study has been attempted by considering the same sinuosity, Froude number, and bed material from an Indian peninsular river to understand the basic hydrodynamics of a meandering channel. Understanding these critical parameters is crucial for comprehending the complex flow behaviour and its implications in meandering channels. Experimental measurements were conducted to collect data on Velocity, Turbulent Kinetic energy, skewness, and kurtosis in all three directions. The objective was to analyse their variations and behaviour along the meandering path, providing insights into the flow dynamics and turbulence characteristics. Advanced measurement techniques, such as Acoustic Doppler Velocimeters (ADV), were utilized to obtain accurate and detailed data. The study revealed distinct patterns and trends in the velocity, Turbulent Kinetic energy, skewness, and kurtosis along the flow path of a sand bed meandering channel. These parameters were found to vary significantly in different sections, highlighting the influence of channel geometry and flow conditions. Graphical representations of the flow profiles were employed to visualize the spatial distribution and understand the variations in these turbulence properties. The findings of this study enhance our understanding of the three-dimensional turbulence flow properties in sand bed meandering channels under subcritical flow conditions. The results offer valuable information for designing hydraulic structures, flood control measures, and river restoration projects.

Biological and environmental factors influencing reproductive performance in ICR mice, Mus musculus.

Since strain names and breeding facilities of ICR mice used in 37 reproductive toxicity studies have changed from 1990 to 2022 in our laboratory, biological and environmental factors that affect reproductive parameters were investigated in control mice to examine the validity of the background data. Litter size and sex ratio were measured at birth [postnatal day (PND) 0], while offspring body weight was measured on PND 0 and 21 during the lactation. The relationships between biological and environmental factors and reproductive parameters were assessed with multiple regression analysis using stepwise regression as an explanatory variable selection strategy. The biological factors of litter size at birth, secondary sex ratio (male%), body weight (g) at birth and strain name, and environmental factors of facilities (room), temperature/humidity, and bedding materials were used as explanatory variables, and reproductive parameters of litter size at birth, secondary sex ratio (male%), body weight (g) at birth, and survival index (%) of offspring at PND 21 were used as response variables. No significant effects were indicated in litter size and sex ratio (male %) with any biological and environmental factors. Male and female offspring weights were significantly affected by strain names. No significant effects were indicated in the survival index (%) at PND 21 in both sexes with any biological and environmental factors. Litter size and sex ratio in this report are sufficient as background data throughout the period because no significant variables of biological and environmental factors affected litter size and gender composition.

Survival of African swine fever virus in feed, bedding materials and mechanical vectors and their potential role in virus transmission

Survival of African swine fever virus in feed, bedding materials and mechanical vectors and their potential role in virus transmission

EFFECTS OF L-CARNITINE THERAPY ON FAT AND GLUCOSE METABOLISM AMONG MELDONIUM INDUCED CARNITINE DEPLETION IN ALBINO WISTAR RATS

Background: L-carnitine therapy has a potential role in lipid metabolism and glucose homeostasis. Despite its promising effects, further investigation is warranted. This study aimed to determine the impact of L-carnitine therapy of low and high doses on fat and glucose metabolism of albino Wistar rats after Meldonium induced carnitine depletion. Methods: A total number of 48 albino Wistar rats were recruited and divided into four groups 12 rats in each group. The bedding material was changed every second day and all animals were given Kaytee Supreme Fortified Daily Diet rat food and clean distal water ad libitum at room temperature. The experiment was commenced after 10 days of acclimatization. Results: Both high (300 mg/Kg) and low-dose (500 mg/Kg) L-carnitine significantly improved (p<0.05) blood glucose levels, TC, LDL, and HDL after four weeks of L-carnitine therapy. However, high-dose therapy showed significantly higher HDL improvements and decreased TC and LDL levels than low-dose therapy (p<0.05) among Meldonium carnitine-depleted rats. Conclusion: L-carnitine high dose therapy (500 mg/Kg of body weight) had a more potent effect on lipid profile in comparison to low dose (300 mg/Kg of body weight). Pak J Physiol 2024;20(1):26-9