Beck Depression Inventory Questionnaire Research Articles

Clinical and psychological correlates of soiling in adult patients with functional gastrointestinal disorders.

Fecal soiling (FS) is the staining of underwear without loss of significant amounts of fecal material. It is frequently associated with defecation disorders in children. The aim of this study was to search for psychological and clinical correlates of adult patients with soiling. Clinically, the complaint of staining is confused with that of fecal incontinence (FI) in the mind of both patients and attending physicians. Observational study PATIENTS AND METHOD: We included 1454 consecutive outpatients (71% females). They filled out the Rome III questionnaire for functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs); Beck depression inventory, and state and trait anxiety questionnaires; and Likert scales for constipation, diarrhea, bloating, and abdominal pain. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and logistic regression analysis. Soiling was found in 123 patients (8.5%). They reported similar frequencies of esophageal, gastroduodenal, and abdominal pain as patients without soiling. In contrast, patients with soiling reported higher prevalence of IBS, such as IBS-Diarrhea, Mixed-IBS, functional diarrhea, functional constipation, and levator ani syndrome, and higher Likert scale for diarrhea, bloating, abdominal pain, and softer stools. The multivariable logistic regression analysis shows that patients with soiling have increased odds to report IBS (P = 0.019; OR = 1.958; 95% CI = [1.118-3.431]), functional diarrhea (P = 0.040; OR = 1.901; 95% CI = [1.028-3.513]), and high Diarrhea Likert scale (P < 0.001; OR = 1.215; 95% CI = [1.130-1.306]). No association was found with psychological evaluation. In FGID patients, soiling is not associated with psychological disorders and is mainly associated with IBS and functional diarrhea.

A comparative study of the effectiveness of group-based cognitive behavioral therapy and dialectical behavioral therapy in reducing depressive symptoms in Iranian women substance abusers

Various therapeutic approaches have been used to improve depressive symptoms in substance abusers. In a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design and experimental and control groups, we examined and compared the effectiveness of two group-based treatment strategies—cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT)—in reducing depressive symptoms among Iranian women substance abusers. The statistical population included all female addict patients who referred to addiction treatment centers of Birjand city in 2015. A sample of 30 subjects were selected through the available sampling method and randomly assigned into experimental (CBT and DBT) and control groups (each group, 10 patients). The data collection instrument was the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) questionnaire. The patients in the experimental groups were given skills in eight sessions of 90 min. The data were analyzed by the SPSS-19 software by using mean, standard deviation, and percentages at the descriptive level and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) test at the inferential level. The comparison of the mean depression score before intervention in all the groups showed no significant difference. However, after intervention, the findings showed that both CBT and DBT interventions could reduce the mean scores of depression in women substance abusers, 17.5 ± 3.0 vs 29.3 ± 4.1 (F[1,17] = 51.91, p value < 0.01) and 14.7 ± 1.8 vs 29.3 ± 4.1 (F[1,17] = 106.62, p value < 0.01), respectively, for CBT and DBT. Post-treatment effect sizes were large and did not differ statistically for CBT (ηp2, 0.75) and DBT (ηp2, 0.86). Therefore, this study highlights the importance of CBT and DBT skills training to substance abusers and provides initial evidence of their effectiveness.

Computerized cognitive behavior therapy for patients with mild to moderately severe depression in primary care: A pragmatic cluster randomized controlled trial (@ktiv)

BackgroundSelf-guided computerized cognitive behavior therapy (cCBT) has the potential to be a feasible alternative to current first-step treatment approaches for depression. Yet, research regarding the effectiveness and acceptability of self-guided cCBT as an adjunct element of GP care is controversial. MethodsPrimary care patients with symptoms of mild to moderately severe depression (N = 647) were recruited from 112 GP practices within a cluster randomized controlled trial. GPs were randomized to groups that provided either cCBT (internet intervention) plus treatment as usual (TAU) or TAU alone. Primary outcomes were self-reported depression severity according to the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Intention to treat (ITT) and per protocol (PP) analysis was performed. ResultsITT analyses showed significant between group differences in depressive symptoms for BDI-II in favor of the intervention group, corresponding to a small effect size (6 weeks: d = 0.36, 95% CI 0.19 to 0.53, P < .001; 6 months: d = 0.41, 95% 0.22 to 0.59, P < .001). The number needed to treat (NNT) at six months was 6.2. PHQ-9 analyses was solely significant at six months (d = 0.26, 95% CI 0.08 to 0.44, P < .05, NNT = 9.2). PP analyses highly agree with these findings. LimitationsThe initial response rate with regard to the recruitment of GP practices for the trial was low. ConclusionsThe results suggest that cCBT is effective in reducing depressive symptoms in mildly to moderately severe depressed primary care patients. Efforts should be made to raise awareness about the potential of such freely accessible treatment options among GPs and patients.

Effects of a 12-week running programme in youth and adults with complex mood disorders

ObjectiveAlthough numerous studies suggest a salutary effect of exercise on mood, few studies have explored the effect of exercise in patients with complex mental illness. Accordingly, we evaluated the impact...

The Effect of Reality Therapy on the Level of Anxiety and Depression in Army Wife

BACKGROUND: Anxiety and depression, are the most common psychopathological symptoms among army wives living in Kopassus (Indonesian army special force) dormitory, with the prevalence of 15-40%. Proper management with reality therapy for anxious and depressed army wives living in Kopassus dormitory is needed.OBJECTIVE: to determine the effect of reality therapy on anxiety and depression levels in army wives in Kopassus Group 2 dormitory.METHODS: This study was designed as a randomized control trial pretest and post-test two group design. Sampling was done by simple random technique. Thirty subjects were divided into two groups. Control group received regular interview, while experimental group received reality therapy. Respondents were asked to fill out The Lie Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory questionnaire (L-MMPI), biodata, the Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale questionnaire (TMAS), and the Beck Depression Inventory questionnaire (BDI). The Wilcoxon Rank Test and Mann-Whitney were applied for data analysis, with the significance level of p&lt;0.05.RESULT: The Wilcoxon Rank Test in the TMAS (anxiety) and BDI (depression) showed a significant difference (p&lt;0.05). The Mann-Whitney analysis of the anxiety and depression variables showed a significant difference between the reality therapy group and the control group (regular interview) (p &lt;0.05). The experiment group has a TMAS and BDI score lower than that of the control group.CONCLUSION: The reality therapy is effective to lower the level of anxiety and depression in army wives.

MP74-03 MALE INFERTILITY IS ASSOCIATED WITH SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION, DEPRESSION AND LOW SELF-ESTEEM: PROSPECTIVE, CASE-CONTROL, CLINICAL STUDY.

You have accessJournal of UrologySexual Function/Dysfunction: Evaluation II1 Apr 2018MP74-03 MALE INFERTILITY IS ASSOCIATED WITH SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION, DEPRESSION AND LOW SELF-ESTEEM: PROSPECTIVE, CASE-CONTROL, CLINICAL STUDY. MURAD BASAR, HAKAN SIRIN, ALTUG SEMIZ, MIRAC TURAN, DERYA BALBAY, and MUAMMER KENDIRCI MURAD BASARMURAD BASAR More articles by this author , HAKAN SIRINHAKAN SIRIN More articles by this author , ALTUG SEMIZALTUG SEMIZ More articles by this author , MIRAC TURANMIRAC TURAN More articles by this author , DERYA BALBAYDERYA BALBAY More articles by this author , and MUAMMER KENDIRCIMUAMMER KENDIRCI More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2018.02.2387AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InEmail INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES The aim this prospective, case-control study was to assess the impact of male infertility and repeated assisted reproductive techniques (ARTs) on male sexual function, depression and self-esteem. METHODS During a 2-year-period, a total of 432 infertile men and 305 fertile controls (fathered after spontaneous pregnancy) were included into this prospective clinical study. After having a detailed medical history taken and a comprehensive physical exam performed, all probable risk factors, lifestyle measures, and co-morbidities for sexual dysfunction were recorded. Blood gonadotropins, total testosterone, estradiol, and prolactin levels were measured in all subjects in the morning after an overnight fasting. Psychogenic status, self-esteem and erectile function of the participants were assessed using Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Self-esteem Scores (15th question of the International Index of Erectile Function) and Sexual Health Inventory of Male (SHIM). Two consecutive semen analyses were evaluated according to the WHO 2010 criteria in the infertile men only. Both groups were statistically compared regarding BDI, Self-esteem and SHIM scores, and blood hormone levels. Infertile men were also evaluated regarding the impact of semen parameters, number of ARTs cycles, and outcomes of microTESE procedure (in only azoospermic males). RESULTS Mean ages of both groups were comparable. Sexual function scores in the infertile men were significanly lower than the fertile men (mean 21.5 vs. 22.3, p=0.009). When psychogenic status was evaluated, infertile men were documented significantly higher depression and lower self-esteem scores compared to fertile men (6.9 vs. 2.7, p=0.001 and 3.9 vs. 4.1, p=0.003, respectively). When the impact of repeated ARTs cycles was evaluated by regression analyses, there was a significant positive correlation between repeated ARTs cycles and depression (r=.051,p=0.293), but a negative correlation between repeated ARTs cycles and sexual function (r=-.043,p=0.379), and self-esteem scores (r=-.055,p=0.257. At subgroup analyses, severity of seminal parameters did not exert any significant impact on either depressive symptoms or erectile function. Sperm retrieval with microTESE did not show any significant affect on infertile men as evaluated by SHIM, self-esteem, and BDI questionnaires. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that male infertility was associated with increased depressive symptoms and self-esteem but reduced sexual function compared to fertile men. © 2018FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 199Issue 4SApril 2018Page: e1000-e1001 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2018MetricsAuthor Information MURAD BASAR More articles by this author HAKAN SIRIN More articles by this author ALTUG SEMIZ More articles by this author MIRAC TURAN More articles by this author DERYA BALBAY More articles by this author MUAMMER KENDIRCI More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...

Association between self-esteem, depression, social support, and quality of life among patients with cerebrovascular accidents and spinal cord injury

Study aim: The study determined the association between self-esteem, depression, social support and quality of life among patients with cerebrovascular accident (stroke) and spinal cord injury. Material and methods: The study adopted a cross-sectional survey research design. A total of 60 participants (30 stroke patients and 30 spinal cord injured patients) participated in this study. The selected psychosocial variables such as Depression and Self Esteem were assessed using Beck Depression Inventory Questionnaire (BDI) and Self Esteem Questionnaire (SE) respectively. Also, social support and quality of life were assessed using Social Support Questionnaire (SSQ6) and Short Form (SF-36) Health Questionnaire respectively. The association between social support, depression, self-esteem and quality of life in both spinal cord injury and stroke patients and the demographic variables were analyzed using Spearman rho. However, independent sample t-test was used to analyze the difference between social support, depression, self-esteem and quality of life in spinal cord injury and social support, depression, self-esteem and quality of life in stroke. Results: The outcome of this study showed that there is a significant difference in depression between both stroke and spinal cord injury patients (p&lt;0.05). The findings also showed a significant association between depression, quality of life and age in stroke patients. Equally, there was a significant association between depression, social support, and age in spinal cord injury patients. Conclusion: It was therefore concluded that even though stroke patients receive more social support and have a higher quality of life, they are still more depressed and have lower self-esteem compared to spinal cord injury patients. It was thus recommended that physiotherapists and other health professionals should make an appropriate assessment of the quality of life, self-esteem, depression and social support of stroke and spinal cord injury patients to enable proper management of these individuals.

Quality of life and depression in patients with irritable bowel syndrome.

IntroductionWhile irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is not life-threatening for most, it has enormous influence on quality of life (QOL) and mental health.AimTo evaluate the association between QOL and depressive symptoms in IBS patients.Material and methodsA total of 87 patients and 56 healthy subjects were enrolled consecutively. All participants were asked to complete self-administered questionnaires: an IBS-specific quality of life (IBS-QOL) questionnaire and the Beck Depression Inventory questionnaire (BDI).ResultsMean BDI score was higher in IBS group than in controls. IBS-QOL score was significantly lower in IBS patients compared to the control group, in all IBS-QOL domains: dysphoria (DY), interference with activity (IN), body image (BI), health worry (HW), food avoidance (FA), social relation (SR), and sexual (SX) and relationship (RL) issues. QOL DY, IN, and BI scores and overall score were significantly lower in women with IBS compared to men. We found that BDI score was significantly negatively correlated with IBS-QOL score in the domain of DY, IN, HW, FA, SR, and RL scores and overall QOL score. We also found a negative correlation between older age and health worry. RL and IN QOL scores represented the highest correlation with BDI score.ConclusionsIrritable bowel syndrome is connected with impaired patient quality of life and high prevalence of depression with high correlation rate of both parameter scores. Assessment of depression and QOL should be provided during patient visits in outpatients clinics.

Stunkard Figure Rating Scale and Sexuality During Pregnancy. A Longitudinal, Pilot Study

Body image and weight may be associated with sexuality in pregnant women. Twenty pregnant women filled in the two-factor McCoy Female Questionnaire, the Stunkard Figure Rating Scale and the Beck's Depression Inventory Questionnaire. In the pregnant women, the number of intercourses/week and the McCoy Female Questionnaire score for sexuality significantly decreased. The Stunkard Figure Rating Scale evidenced that the actual body silhouette score increased during the third trimester of pregnancy and that the women worsened the feeling with their own image. Changes in appearance, during pregnancy, and the women's fear of being less attractive for their partners may have lasting effects on sexuality.

The relationship between depression and older age life expectancy in hospitalized patients

Context: Elderly is regarded as a critical period of human life, which the related issues and needs in this period are socially necessitated to be taken into consideration, especially in the elderly with heart disease. Depression is an important problem in elderly period. Older age peoples with chronic disease such as cardiovascular disease experience less life expectancy. Aims: Considering the importance of this issue, the present study was designed to determine the relationship between depression and older age heart patients' life expectancy in the heart center of Mazandaran. Setting and Design: This descriptive-correlative study was conducted on 212 patients selected through simple random sampling heart center of Mazandaran in 2017. Material and Method: Data collection tools included a demographic questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory questionnaire, and life expectancy questionnaire (adult hope scale). Results: The mean age of the participants was 67.15 ± 6.22 years. The mean depression scale was 21.5 ± 11.19. Based on the results, 26.4% showed no sign of depression, 55.2% were slightly depressed, 13.8% were moderately depressed, and 4.7% were severely depressed. The total score of life expectancy in elderly age was 39.6 ± 6.31. There was no significant relationship between depression and life expectancy ( P = 0.4). Conclusion: Based on the findings, slightly depressed was common among the elderly with heart disease. Thus, more attention is necessary to be paid to this specific topic, and some preventative measures are essential in the elderly with heart diseases. They had optimal practice toward life expectancy that needs to more attention and healthy communication and strong family connections in order to maintain and continue optimal life expectancy.

Change of appetite in patients with functional digestive disorder. Association with psychological disorders: A cross-sectional study.

Changes in appetite are a frequent complaint in patients with functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs). The aims of this study are to evaluate whether the changes in appetite are associated with specific FGIDs and to explore associations of these changes with symptoms of anxiety or depression. This study included 1009 consecutive FGID patients (71% female), aged 48.9years who all filled out a Rome III questionnaire for the evaluation of FGIDs, submitted to a psychological evaluation of symptoms of anxiety, and completed the Beck Depression Inventory questionnaire. The patients were classified according to their appetite change using a 7-point grading scale and split into three groups: those with appetite loss, those with no change in appetite, and those with increased appetite. Among the 1009, 496 patients (49%) reported a change in appetite, of which 332 (33%) patients reported a decrease in appetite and 164 (16%) patients reported an increase in appetite. Appetite was not affected in 51% of patients. Changes in appetite depended on gender, body mass index and psychometric evaluation scores. Increased appetite did not have specific FGIDs associations, while decreased appetite was associated with esophageal, gastroduodenal, bowel, and anorectal symptoms. The presence of depressive symptoms was also a predictor for the majority of FGIDs in decreased appetite, while anxiety trait was significant for globus and dysphagia. Decreased appetite was associated with FGIDs, especially in the presence of depressive symptoms. A reduced appetite would help to predict psychological disorders associated with FGIDs. None declared. This study was a registered study in the French National Drug Agency (ANSM, Agence Nationale de Securité du Medicamentet des produits de santé, Study Number 2016-A01120-51). Michel Bouchoucha, Marinos Fysekidis, Florence Mary, Gheorghe Airinei, Cyriaque Bon, and Robert Benamouzig have no competitive interests.

Risk Factors of Stroke Survivors’ Quality of Life

Background : Stroke can lead into long-term disabilities which may affect stroke survivors' quality of life (QOL). The importance of stroke survivors' QOL is still getting little attention. Objective : To know stroke survivors' QOL and the risk factors associate with, i.e.:sociodemographic, activity daily living, cognitive, and depression. Methodology : This cross-sectional study was conducted in April-October 2014 at neurology clinic Dr.Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta. Subjects' criteria were minimal four weeks after the first stroke incident and came with their primary caregiver. Subjects were interviewed about their sociodemographic condition and were given WHOQOL-BREF, Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) questionnaires. Meanwhile, their caregiver was interviewed with Barthel Index (BI) questionnaire. Bivariate chi-square and logistic regression analysis was done. Results : There were 64 subjects analyzed. QOL domain affected the most is physical, while the least is environment. Bivariate analysis found not working after stroke and higher BDI score associate with lower WHOQOL-BREF physical (r=9.286, p<0.01 and r=5.361, p<0.05) and psychological (r=3.935, p<0.05 and r=14.527, p<0.001) domain. No risk factor associates with WHOQOL-BREF social relationship domain. Higher BDI score associates with lower WHOQOL-BREF environment domain (r=5.861, p<0.05). Regression analysis shows older age (p<0,05) and not working after stroke (p<0,01) are risk factors for lower WHOQOL-BREF physical domain, while higher BDI score is risk factor for lower WHOQOL-BREF psychological (p<0,01) and environment (p<0,05) domain. Conclusions : Older age and not working after stroke incident are risk factors for physical domain of QOL. Depression is risk factor for psychological and environment domain of QOL.

THE INFLUENCE OF COGNITIVE BEHAVIOUR THERAPY TO DECREASE THE LEVEL OF DEPRESSION FOR LEPROSY SUFFERER

Leprosy is the ill that caused by mycobacterium leprae bacteria, which caused complex problem for leprosy sufferer. It gives bad effect in some aspects such as physic, social, economy, and psychology. Psychologically, the leprosy sufferer gets the problem because of too much stigma to leprosy by society. Consequently, the leprosy sufferer stands aloof from the others, he feels shy, and gets depression. One of non-pharmacology treatment that can decrease the level of depression is Cognitive Behavior Therapy. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy, which is an approach with someone to recognize and to change the bad mindset or maladaptive. This present research is to reveal the influence of Cognitive Behaviour Therapy to decrease the level of depression for leprosy sufferer. The design of this present research is Pre-experiment with One Group Pre-Post Test Desaint approach. The 25 samples are taken by Consecutive Sampling. The data collection is collected by Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) questionnaire. Statistic test is used by Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test, which showed p (0,001) &lt; α(0,05), with the result that H0 is rejected, it means there is an influence of Cognitive Behaviour Therapy to decrease the level of depression for leprosy sufferer. Most of the leprosy sufferer in a hospitalization leprosy service get lower depression. The sufferers often need psychology intervention to treat on depression. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy is psychology therapy that quiet simple because the key of CBT identifies the mindset, feel, and behavior, which mold reaction. Furthermore, the sufferers decide by their own ability whether the idea is rational and benefit for them

THE INFLUENCE OF COGNITIVE BEHAVIOUR THERAPY TO DECREASE THE LEVEL OF DEPRESSION FOR LEPROSY SUFFERER

Leprosy is the ill that caused by mycobacterium leprae bacteria, which caused complex problem for leprosy sufferer. It gives bad effect in some aspects such as physic, social, economy, and psychology. Psychologically, the leprosy sufferer gets the problem because of too much stigma to leprosy by society. Consequently, the leprosy sufferer stands aloof from the others, he feels shy, and gets depression. One of non-pharmacology treatment that can decrease the level of depression is Cognitive Behavior Therapy. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy, which is an approach with someone to recognize and to change the bad mindset or maladaptive. This present research is to reveal the influence of Cognitive Behaviour Therapy to decrease the level of depression for leprosy sufferer. The design of this present research is Pre-experiment with One Group Pre-Post Test Desaint approach. The 25 samples are taken by Consecutive Sampling. The data collection is collected by Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) questionnaire. Statistic test is used by Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test, which showed p (0,001) &lt; α(0,05), with the result that H0 is rejected, it means there is an influence of Cognitive Behaviour Therapy to decrease the level of depression for leprosy sufferer. Most of the leprosy sufferer in a hospitalization leprosy service get lower depression. The sufferers often need psychology intervention to treat on depression. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy is psychology therapy that quiet simple because the key of CBT identifies the mindset, feel, and behavior, which mold reaction. Furthermore, the sufferers decide by their own ability whether the idea is rational and benefit for them

Establishing Minimal Clinically Important Difference of Spinal Cord Stimulation Therapy in Post-Laminectomy Syndrome.

The concept of minimum clinically important difference (MCID) has been shown to be effective in spine surgery to differentiate between clinically insignificant and significant improvements as determined by the patient. The MCID for spinal cord stimulation (SCS) to date has not been established. We sought to determine the MCID for SCS therapy for failed laminectomy syndromes. Preoperative and 6-mo outcomes were assessed prospectively, including the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and McGill and Visual Analog Survey questionnaires. Patients were asked: (1) are you satisfied with SCS therapy and (2) would you have the surgery again. Four methods of calculating the MCID were utilized. Forty-eight patients who underwent placement of an SCS between 2012 and 2014 were reviewed. The 4 calculation methods yielded a range of outcome scores (ODI 8.2-13.3, BDI 3.2-7, McGill 0.3-1.3, and Visual Analog Scale [VAS] 1.2-3.7). The maximum area under the curve was observed for the ODI, BDI, and VAS (0.73, 0.81, and 0.89, respectively), which signifies acceptable accuracy in distinguishing responders from nonresponders with the receiver operating characteristic method and suggests that VAS may be the most sensitive in determining meaningful change for the patient. The MCID for SCS placement was calculated using 4 different methods. The results are similar to calculations for the MCID for many lumbar and cervical procedures done for pain. Our results suggest that an improvement of 1.2 to 3.7 points on the VAS scale and 8.2 to 13.3 points on the ODI is clinically meaningful to the patient. Further defining the MCID for SCS therapy will remain of utmost importance in order to justify the cost of the procedure.

Influence of Baseline Psychological Health on Muscle Pain During Atorvastatin Treatment.

3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase reductase inhibitors (statins) are generally well tolerated, with statin-associated muscle symptoms (SAMS) the most common side effect (~10%) seen in statin users. However, studies and clinical observations indicate that many of the self-reported SAMS appear to be nonspecific (ie, potentially not attributable to statins). Mental health and well-being influence self-perception of pain, so we sought to assess the effect of baseline well-being and depression on the development of muscle pain with 6 months of atorvastatin 80 mg/d (ATORVA) or placebo in healthy, statin-naive adults. The Psychological General Well-being Index (n = 83) and Beck Depression Inventory (n = 55) questionnaires were administered at baseline in participants (aged 59.5 ± 1.2 years) from the effect of Statins on Skeletal Muscle Function and Performance (STOMP) trial (NCT00609063). Muscle pain (Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire [SF-MPQ]), pain that interferes with daily life (Brief Pain Inventory [BPI]), and pain severity (BPI) were then measured before, throughout, and after treatment. At baseline, there were no differences in well-being (Psychological General Well-being Index), depression (Beck Depression Inventory), or pain measures (SF-MPQ and BPI) (P values ≥ .05) between the placebo and ATORVA groups. Baseline well-being correlated negatively with baseline BPI pain severity (r = -0.290, P = .008). Baseline depression correlated with baseline pain (SF-MPQ; r = 0.314, P = .020). Baseline well-being and depression did not predict the change in pain severity or interference after 6 months among the total sample or between groups (P values ≥ .05). Baseline well-being and depression were not significant predictors of pain after 6 months of ATORVA (P values ≥ .05). Thus, they do not appear to increase the risk of SAMS in otherwise healthy adults.

The effects of crocin on the symptoms of depression in subjects with metabolic syndrome.

Studies have suggested that metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with increased depressive symptoms, and reducing depression in subjects with MetS is important. Crocin, an active component of saffron, has useful properties for subjects with MetS, including antidepressant properties. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of a preparation of crocin on the symptoms of depression in subjects with MetS, and the relationship between changes in those symptoms and the serum pro-oxidant/anti-oxidant balance (PAB). This sub-study was carried out on 34 subjects with MetS from the authors' previous randomized double-blind controlled clinical trial (RCT), all of whom met the inclusion criteria for this study. The subjects were randomly assigned to treatment and placebo groups (n = 17 in each group) and received each 30 mg of crocin (2 tablets of 15 mg) or placebo for 8 weeks. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). The BDI questionnaire was completed for each subject at the baseline and at the end of the 8th week of treatment. Blood samples were taken from the subjects before and after the intervention period. Statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS for Windows, v. 16 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, USA). Out of the 34 participants enrolled, 33 completed the trial. The degree of depression decreased significantly in the crocin group (p = 0.005), but not in the placebo group (p > 0.05), and the difference between the 2 groups was statistically significant (p = 0.013). No significant relationship was observed between changes in depression symptoms and changes in the serum PAB (p > 0.05). This study demonstrates that at a dose of 30 mg per day for 8 weeks, crocin reduced the symptoms of depression in subjects with MetS compared to the control group, and this effect was independent of its effect on the serum PAB.

Adherence to a Dash-style diet in relation to depression and aggression in adolescent girls

The aim of this study was to assess adherence to the Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension (DASH) dietary pattern in relation to depression and aggression in adolescent girls. The study was carried out among 580 girls aged between 12 and 18 years of age. DASH scores were determined according to the method of Fung et al. A Persian version of the Beck Depression Inventory and Buss-Perry questionnaire were used for the assessment of depression and aggression. We analysed our data using crude and adjusted models. Adjustments were made for age, energy intake, mother's job status, passive smoking, start of menstruation, parental death, parental divorce, physical activity level and body mass index, using three different models. A high adherence to a Dash-style diet (for individuals in the upper quartile) was associated with a lower odds of depression compared with subjects with lower adherence (those in the lowest quartile) (OR 0.47; 95% CI 0.26–0.84, P-value = 0.009); these associations remained significant after adjustments. However, we did not obtain any significant relationship between a DASH-style diet and aggression. We observed a significant inverse relationship between greater adherence to a DASH diet and lower odds of depression. Further prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings.

Mono- and multi-lingual depression prediction based on speech processing

In this paper a mono- and multi-lingual study is presented about the depressed speech detection possibilities. Beck Depression Inventory questionnaires were used for the description of severity of depression of speakers for all languages. In the mono-lingual experiment a detailed speech parameter selection is shown, and the analysis of the connection between the severity of the depression and the calculated parameters is presented. The goal was to select the most relevant input feature vectors from a preselected set of vectors for the detection and prediction methods of depression. A detailed examination was carried out where and how to measure these features in continuous speech. After parameter selection, classification experiments were conducted on a Hungarian speech database. The overall accuracies of the classification experiments were 86%. The second part of this study concerns a multi-lingual automatic depression detection and prediction method, where three European languages were tested: German, Hungarian and Italian. With the selected quasi language-independent parameters, Support Vector Regression experiments were conducted on German, Hungarian and Italian speech databases, separately for both sexes. It was found that depression prediction based on speech signals can be achieved in a multi-lingual way. Our method is even capable of predicting the severity of depression in the case of a language not used during the training of the automatic prediction model. The experiments clearly show that multi-lingual depression recognition can be achieved, and it should be possible to construct an automated diagnostic tool for detecting depression, or for patient monitoring, in a multi-lingual way.

Depression among oncological patients

Abstract Introduction. The issue of depression in the context of cancer is a very important and complex problem. Suffering from depression and cancer at the same time concerns from 20% to 80% of the patients. Aim. Assessment of depression occurrence among oncological patients depending on the profile of the disease. Material and methods. The research group consisted of 63 oncological patients. Diagnostic poll method, survey technique was used. Occurrence and intensity level of depression symptoms were measured according to the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) which was accompanied by the authorial questionnaire analyzing socio-demographic situation of the surveyed as well as the cancer profile i.e. type of cancer, ailments accompanying the disease and the frequency of their occurrence, undertaken therapies and their results. Results. The analysis conducted with the help of BDI questionnaire presented the following results: more than half of the surveyed (54%, n=34) suffered from moderate depression and roughly 1/10 (n=7) of the surveyed suffered from severe depression. Only 1/3 (n=22) of the surveyed showed no signs of depression and complained only about low mood. Side effects of the treatment preventing patients from everyday functioning determined the occurrence of depression symptoms. Severity of cancer symptoms, duration of illness, time of diagnosis and number of attempts to fight the disease had no influence on the occurrence of depression symptoms. Conclusions. Cancer influences every part of a patient’s life. Because of this, a holistic approach should be applied when treating such patients and that approach should be based on cooperation of doctors with clinical psychologists.