For optoelectronic device components with semiconductor lasers and single-mode fibers (SMFs), high coupling efficiency and miniaturization have become hot research topics in recent years. A biconical lens is proposed for the design of a simple optical path based on the Huygens–Fresnel principle to achieve compact size and beam shaping in optoelectronic device systems. ZEMAX simulation software and the ABCD matrix formalism are applied to analyze the optical beam propagation mode and coupling efficiency of the system, respectively. The simulation results show that the maximum coupling efficiency of the optical system is up to 90.04 % and minimum length of the optical path can be designed only 2580 µm. The relationship between alignment errors at the vertical of the knot plane and coupling efficiency is optimized owing to the laser beam having a circular parallel pattern shaped using a biconical lens. Furthermore, the relationship between the theoretical coupling efficiency and alignment errors is analyzed under various component parameters, such as semiconductor laser wavelength, laser waist ratio, and refractive index of the lens. The simulated results demonstrate that the optical system could achieve higher coupling efficiency by decreasing the laser waist ratio or by using a higher refractive index lens.