Beach Area Research Articles

Study of Changes in Mangrove Areas Around the Barombong Maritime Polytechnic

Recently, coastlines in several areas of Indonesia have experienced erosion, which is quite worrying. Makassar City is one of 30 coastal cities in Indonesia that is estimated to be potentially affected by rising sea levels. As is the case in the Tanjung Bunga and Barombong Beach areas, the level of abrasion is very high. The beaches in these two areas have experienced a decline in coastline over the years, so they have moved far inland. This is caused by several factors, such as the influence of waves that occur in coastal waters, the influence of local winds, the presence of tides and the existence of coastal currents around Tanjung Bunga due to the lack of physical wave dampening structures, such as the lack of artificial structures/ buildings and mangrove forests. as physical protection of the coast.
 This study was conducted to identify changes in the extent of mangrove cover around the Barombong Shipping Polytechnic campus concerning data and information processing using a geographic information system (GIS). Based on the results of the data analysis, there has been a change in the extent of the mangrove ecosystem around the study location. This change in area can be seen from the upward trend over the last ten years. In 2013-2018, there was an increase of ​​30.38% or around 8.2 ha. In 2018-2023, there was an increase in the area of ​​7.36% or around 2.6 ha; in 2013-2023, there was an increase of ​​39.97% or around 10.8 ha.

Peran Kepemimpinan Lokal Dalam Pengembangan Wisata Bahari di Sungai Pisang Kota Padang

Local leadership is leadership that exiist is an particular community group such as customary cultural and religious similarities. in this case local leadership responsible for the development of marine tourism in the Sungai Pisang is still not optimal, it can be seen that there is still a lot of wastle thrown by the community and tourist to Sungai Pisang beach area the absences of a pier that can support the safety and comfort of tourist and the absences of rules that can regulate and discipline fishermen created by local leadership in the development of marine tourism on the Sungai Pisang

Pelestarian Penyu kepada Generasi Muda Untuk Keberlanjutan Satwa Langka di Kawasan Sanur, Denpasar, Bali

Turtles as one of the rare and almost extinct animals need to be preserved. The prevention effort taken is through conservation. Conservation cannot work alone without the support of the surrounding community. For this reason, there is a need for public awareness of the importance of preserving turtles. Community service activities by IPB International lecturers and students were carried out in the Sanur area, Denpasar, Bali. The activities are giving counseling about turtle conservation as well as activities to clean up the beach area. Counseling was given by a manager from the turtle sanctuary conservation. There are three stages carried out in this activity, namely the preparation, the counseling, and the cleaning stages. In the preparation stage, the team approached community supervisory groups, fishermen groups, and youth groups in Sanur. Next, the counseling stage was carried out with material about the life cycle of turtles and the process of caring for them. In the final stage, the beach area is cleaned to create a comfortable place for turtles that lay their eggs and hatch on the coast. This community activity is felt to be very beneficial for the young generation who live around the Sanur Beach area. In the future, the community hopes that the team will carry out similar activities in other tourism sectors that can benefit the community in the Sanur area.

Effects of seasonal variation on the characteristics of stranded marine debris within Rambut Island Wildlife Reserve, Indonesia

Monitoring and assessing the items stranded on shorelines is a crucial step in addressing the threat posed by marine debris to our ocean. The objective of this study is to examine the occurrence and categorize marine debris that accumulates on the beach and mangrove area of Pulau Rambut Wildlife Reserve from the transitional season 2 to the rainy season. The abundance of marine debris is significant in transitional season 2. There is no significant difference between different seasons. The dominant form of debris among all macrodebris categories during transitional season 2 was plastic, accounting for 46.38% of the total. Single-use plastics like styrofoam, shoes, sandals, gloves, plastic wrap, and plastic sachets were found to be the most common types of large-scale plastic debris, comprising 60% of total macroplastic debris. The debris found on Rambut Island is believed to originate from debris carried by rivers that flow into Jakarta Bay. The presence of seasonal winds, currents, waves, and tides further contribute to the accumulation of debris in this area.

Responsibility of Regional Governments for Handling Plastic Waste that Damages Marine Biota (Study on Kalaki Beach, Bima District)

As one of the most significant contributors of plastic waste in the world, plastic waste pollution in Indonesia's oceans is an example of the dangers caused by plastic waste to human health, the environment and marine biota. The aims of this research are: 1) to analyse the responsibilities of local governments regarding the management of plastic waste which damages marine biota in the Kalaki Beach Area, Bima Regency. 2) Analyzing the implementation of the Bima Bay area's implementation of plastic waste handling by the Bima Regency Government. The type of research used is empirical legal research with a legislative approach, a conceptual approach and a legal sociology approach. The technique for collecting legal materials and data was carried out using interviews and document study methods. The research results conclude that the Regional Government's responsibility is based on UUPPLH, provincial governments, and district/city governments, which have the authority to form environmental management institutions that carry out management and assessment of the environment. Two steps can be taken in handling this: preventive steps, which can be taken by managing waste, building a waste bank, planting mango trees, providing rubbish bins, and carrying out outreach activities. Repressive steps can be taken by imposing sanctions on violators of regulations and also regional cooperation.

Diversity and Distribution Patterns of Gastropods on Kupang Beach, Seruway District

Seruway is one of the sub-districts in Aceh Tamiang, which is located in the coastal area. This coastal area is dominated by mangrove species, where the mangrove area is used as a habitat for aquatic biota animals, one of which is gastropods. Gastropods are soft-bodied animals that have threaded shells. This research aims to determine the value of the species diversity index and distribution patterns of gastropods in Kupang Beach, Seruway District. This research is a type of quantitative descriptive research with sampling using a survey method. Sampling was taken using transects. Sampling was divided into 3 stations, namely the first station in the mangrove area, the second station in the beach area and the third station in the pond area. Each station consists of 4 transects measuring 50 meters, each transect has 4 plots measuring 10x10m. Samples that are obtained will be identified using an identification book. The research results showed that the number of gastropod species found was 17 species from 9 families with a total diversity index value at the research location, namely H'= 2.405, which is classified as medium. The distribution pattern of gastropods on Kupang Beach falls into two categories, namely the uniform category 59% and the undefined category 41%.

Monitoring and Analysis of Coastline Changes in the Coastal Area of Bali Island, Indonesia

Erosion and accretion occuring in coastal areas are indications of changes in the coastline’s position. The beach areas in Bali have high economic value as tourist attractions; yet, the condition of the beaches in several places on the island is very concerning. Monitoring shoreline changes can be accomplished using remote sensing technology which is more efficient than the conventional methods. This paper describes the results of changes in the coastline from 2014 to 2021 with remote sensing for all coastal areas of the island of Bali surveyed in the field. This research has successfully detected changes in coastlines throughout the coastal areas of Bali Island by remote sensing method and verified by field survey. The survey results also show that remote sensing method has met the survey from previous studies specifically in Gianyar Regency and Jembrana Regency. Hence, it is applicable for further use in other areas.

Visitor Perception of the Degradation of Bar Reef Kalpitiya Sri Lanka

Bar Reef is a complex marine ecosystem with over 120 coral species living in the reef and over 300 fish species reported from the surrounding sea. It was declared a marine sanctuary in 1992. Despite efforts for conservation, the Bar Reef ecosystem is at risk of degradation due to overexploitation of extractive uses, namely, edible fish, other seafood species, and aquarium fish. In addition, destructive fishing practices are also responsible for damaging the reef ecosystem. The designation of Kalpitiya as a significant tourism promotion area has created additional pressure on the system. Further, the worldwide incidence of coral bleaching in 1998 has severely affected a major part of the Bar Reef. However, the amount of degradation persistent in the bar reef has not been valued so far. This research has attempted to value the extent of degradation prevailing in the Bar Reef from the perception of the visitors. It has used Choice Experiment Method to assess the visitors’ perception of the degradation. Randomly selected 250 visitors were interviewed and the conditional logit model has been used to investigate the visitor preferences towards the habitat quality and analyze the significance of their preferences. According to the results obtained reduction of plastic and polythene by 50%, reducing the crowding in the beach area by 15%, and paying Rs. 1000 has become significant. Hence it is expected by this research to provide a signal to the relevant stakeholders on the extent of degradation prevailing and the importance of protecting this habitat.

Identification of Fatty Acid Content of Sargassum sp. Seaweed and Ulva sp. in Different Seasonal Conditions

The active ingredients contained in seaweed prepare for pharmaceutical, cosmetic and food supplement needs from seaweed Sargassum sp. and Ulva sp. in different seasonal conditions it is thought to have a contribution of specific active ingredients. However, the fatty acid profile and morphology of the seaweed species Sargassum sp. obtained in the dry season and rainy season had the same results as the profile of the seaweed Ulva sp. which was collected in the Bangsring Beach area, Wongsorejo District, Banyuwangi, Indonesia. This is thought to be due to the extreme differences in dry season and rainy season conditions that have not yet resulted in real or drastic changes in the composition and quantity of macro and micronutrients, water quality and active fatty acid compounds as well as the adaptability of seaweed. Fatty acids of Sargassum sp. dominated by the composition of linoleic acid (C18:2), palmitic acid (C16:0) and oleic acid (C18:1), while the fatty acids of Ulva sp. dominated by the composition of heptadecanoic acid (C17:0), pentadecanoic acid (C15:0) and linoleic acid (C18:2n6).

Analysis of Groundwater Salinity Levels in the Lampulo Coastal Area Kuta Alam Sub-District

The problem of seawater seepage in coastal areas can result in a decrease in groundwater quality due to the mixing of seawater and groundwater, so seawater seepage has an impact on increasing salinity, including in the research area. The research location is in the Lampulo beach area, Kuta Alam sub-district. Phreatic well water is generally not liked by residents of this coastal area because it tastes brackish. The high salinity of phreatic groundwater is caused by seawater seepage into alluvial land. The aim of this research is to analyze the level of groundwater salinity in the Lampulo coastal area, Kuta Alam sub-district. This research uses a grid sampling method and criteria for assessing groundwater salinity (o/oo) based on salt content. Groundwater salinity was measured randomly in 50 phreatic wells using a refractometer and marked with sample coordinates using the Avenza Maps application. Field measurement results show that there are variations in salinity values ranging from 0 to 32 ppt. Phreatic well water at the research location based on its salt content is grouped into three groups, namely fresh water, brackish water and salt water. For the freshwater group, a percentage value was obtained with a prevalence of 68%; for the brackish water group, a percentage value was obtained with a prevalence of 26%; and for the salt water group, a percentage value was obtained with a prevalence of 6%.Keywords: Salinity, Groundwater, Phreatic Well, Seawater Seepage, Grid Sampling

Effects of Salt Stress on Grain Quality and Starch Properties of High-Quality Rice Cultivars

In recent days, there has been a noticeable surge in demand for high-quality rice. However, the influences of salinity on the quality and starch properties of high-quality rice remain unclear. Three high-quality rice cultivars (Nanjing 9108, Nanjing 5055, and Nanjing 46) were studied to investigate the responses of grain quality to salt stress. There were three treatments, including a control zero salt level (0 g·kg−1, CK), and two salt levels of 0.1 g·kg−1 (0.1% salt stress, T1) and 0.2 g·kg−1 (0.2% salt stress, T2). The study involved the assessment of the appearance, milling, cooking, and eating qualities of rice. We also conducted an analysis of pasting properties, an evaluation of starch thermal properties, and an examination of the fine structure of amylopectin. The findings suggest that as the level of salt stress increases, the yield of rice gradually declines, which is primarily due to a significant reduction in the total spikelet number and the ratio of filled grains. Compared with CK treatment, the appearance and milling quality of rice were significantly improved within the T1 treatment. In addition, the protein concentration and amylose concentration were significantly decreased, the gel consistency was significantly increased, and the cooking and eating qualities were improved. In terms of starch properties, the peak viscosity, breakdown value, infrared ratio (1022/995), and short-chain-length amylopectin ratio increased significantly, while the setback value, pasting temperature, gelatinization enthalpy, relative crystallinity, and infrared ratio (1045/1022) decreased significantly. When comparing T2 with CK, the appearance quality and cooking and eating quality had deteriorated, and the milling quality was improved. The changes in the structural and physicochemical properties of starch were opposite to those in the comparison between the T1 treatment and the CK group. Accordingly, we propose that moderate salt stress has the potential to enhance rice quality, even though there may be a slight decrease in yield. This indicates that it is feasible to cultivate high-quality rice in saline–alkali beach areas.

Influence of Home Language Use on the Association Between Parent Education and Child Adiposity in Latino Families.

Parent education and language use are associated with child obesity, but the impact of their interaction is less known. This study assessed whether parent education was associated with child adiposity and if this association was moderated by home language use in Latino families. Participants (n = 415) were Latino families from the Long Beach area. Demographic data were obtained by self-report parent surveys, and children's body size was objectively assessed via bioelectric impedance. Independent t-tests and hierarchical linear regressions were performed on baseline data from a larger intervention study. In the overall sample, parent education and child body mass index (BMI) percentile were not related (p = .050). However, stratification by home language use revealed that parent education was inversely associated with child BMI percentile among those whose primary home language was Spanish (p = .049), but not English/bilingual homes (p = .296). There were no significant associations with child percent body fat. Higher education was associated with a lower BMI percentile only in Spanish-speaking homes. Research to understand how home language influences this relationship is warranted, particularly as it relates to a subset of education and health literacy. Significant results with BMI percentile but not percent body fat highlight the fact that these distinct markers of obesity are not interchangeable.

Valuation of the Bar Reef Marine Sanctuary from the Perception of the Visitors


 
 
 Bar Reef is a diverse ecosystem with near shore coral reefs, sea grass beds and associated ecosystems with over 120 coral species and over 300 fish species reported from the surrounding sea. It has been declared as a marine sanctuary by the Department of Wildlife Conservation in 1992. Despite of the efforts it is subjected to over exploitation by extractive users, destructive fishing practices and visitor pressure on the ecosystem. The study sought to value the ecosystem degradation prevailing in the bar reef from the perception of the visitors using choice experiment method. Different attributes for the choice experiment were identified using two focus group discussions and 10 key informant interviews held prior to the mail survey. Identified attributes were level of plastic accumulated, use of illegal fishing nets, level of crowding and monetary contribution. An orthogonal main effect design was generated and 9 choice cards were prepared, each with 4 different attributes. Randomly selected 250 visitors were interviewed onsite during January to June 2021 and conditional logit model was used to analyze the significance of their preferences. Paying LKR 1,000, reducing crowding the beach area by 15% and reduction of plastic and polythene by 50% were the significant factors according to the results obtained at α=0.01. People are willing to pay LKR 1,001.18 if plastic pollution can be reduced by 50%. People are willing to pay LKR 998.92 if the crowding of the beach can be reduced by 15%. The results of this research emphasize the importance of protecting this habitat to the relevant stakeholders. Further, this research will enable to introduce new policies and practices so that sustainability of the ecosystem can be ensured.
 Keywords: Ecosystem sustainability, Choice experiment, Conditional logit, Marine plastic pollution, Visitor access management
 
 

Persepsi Masyarakat Mengenai Bangunan Jetty sebagai Bangunan Pengaman Pantai di Pantai Purus Kota Padang

This study aims to determine the analysis of community perceptions of jetties as coastal safety buildings and the impact of the existence of jetties on community economic activities. The type of research used in this research is qualitative research, using a qualitative approach. This research was conducted in the Purus beach area which is located in West Padang District, Padang City. The sources of information in this research are people who live along the river and who carry out activities at the jetty location. Based on the results of data analysis and discussion, the following two things were obtained. First, community perception influences the level of community awareness to support government efforts in disaster mitigation, namely the construction of coastal safety buildings, namely jetties, where in this area there are two social interactions, namely settlement and community economic activity. It can be seen from the condition of the settlement in Rimbo Kaluang Village which is dirtier compared to the condition of the settlement in Purus Village which is more clean. Second, both old and new traders are of the opinion that the location of the jetty is not ready to be used as a Culinary Market with the number of traders dominating compared to visitors, as well as the decline in income. experienced by old and new traders.

Oxidative stress, biofilm-formation and activity responses of P. aeruginosa to microplastic-treated sediments: Effect of temperature and sediment type

Climate change and plastic pollution are the big environmental problems that the environment and humanity have faced in the past and will face in many decades to come. Sediments are affected by many pollutants and conditions, and the behaviors of microorganisms in environment may be influenced due to changes in sediments. Therefore, the current study aimed to explore the differential effects of various microplastics and temperature on different sediments through the metabolic and oxidative responses of gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The sediments collected from various fields including beaches, deep-sea discharge, and marine industrial areas. Each sediment was extracted and then treated with various microplastics under different temperature (−18, +4, +20 and 35 °C) for seven days. Then microplastics were removed from the suspension and microplastic-exposed sediment samples were incubated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa to test bacterial activity, biofilm, and oxidative characteristics. The results showed that both the activity and the biofilm formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa increased with the temperature of microplastic treatment in the experimental setups at the rates between an average of 2–39 % and 5–27 %, respectively. The highest levels of bacterial activity and biofilm formation were mainly observed in the beach area (average rate +25 %) and marine industrial (average rate +19 %) sediments with microplastic contamination, respectively. Moreover, oxidative characteristics significantly linked the bacterial activities and biofilm formation. The oxidative indicators of Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed that catalase and glutathione reductase were more influenced by microplastic contamination of various sediments than superoxide dismutase activities. For instance, catalase and glutathione reductase activities were changed between −37 and +169 % and +137 to +144 %, respectively; however, the superoxide dismutase increased at a rate between +1 and + 21 %. This study confirmed that global warming as a consequence of climate change might influence the effect of microplastic on sediments regarding bacterial biochemical responses and oxidation characteristics.

The first assessment of marine litter on Somalian coast: The case of Liido Beach, Mogadishu

This paper presents the first assessment of marine litter in the Mogadishu coastal area of Somalia. Samples were collected monthly using 100 m × 40 m transect and classified following OSPAR Marine Litter Survey Guide while litter sources were identified using Ocean Conservancy Marine Debris Index. The results showed a total of 119873 items consisting of plastics (89.47%), clothing items (7.53%), and others (3.00%) recovered from Liido Beach. Litter density ranged from 2.19 items/m2 to 14.18 items/m2 with a mean of 6.25 items/m2 and Clean Coast Index (CCI) suggesting that Liido Beach is extremely dirty (>20 items/m2). In addition, the primary sources of marine litter at the beach are local recreational and shoreline activities (54.12%), and dumping (36.61%). The dominance of plastic litter on the beach poses potential threats to marine biodiversity in the Somalia coastal area and the West Indian Ocean. It is recommended that effective strategies and solutions to mitigate litter on the beach and other coastal areas in Somalia should be developed and compensated with public education and awareness campaigns across the country.

Fetch‐driven aeolian sediment transport on a sandy beach: A new study

AbstractThis study examines the effect of fetch distance on aeolian sediment transport and the corresponding growth rate of aeolian transport rate on a sandy beach under varying wind speeds. Eight experiments were conducted on both dry and intertidal beach areas, with wind speeds ranging from 9 to 17 m/s. Vertically stacked sand traps were used to measure transport rates over distances up to 100 m, with experiments lasting 20–40 minutes. Results indicate an initial increase in transport rate until the critical fetch distance, followed by a subsequent decrease in sediment transport with further fetch distance. Critical fetch distances, corresponding to maximum transport rates, ranged from 23.8 to 103.5 m. A strong linear correlation was observed between wind speed and critical fetch distance, suggesting that higher wind speeds necessitate longer fetch distances for maximum transport. Furthermore, established formulations by van Rijn and Strypsteen are tested to estimate maximum sediment transport and critical fetch distance based on grain‐related shear velocity. Combining all experiments showed that the growth rate in transport up to the point of critical fetch can be best described by a trigonometric function. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the fetch effect on aeolian sediment dynamics in coastal sandy environments.

The Sea Cliffs Eposure and Management in 2 Mai – Vama Veche Shore Sector

A major concern for coastal communities is shoreline change. This leads to the progressive loss of beaches. In order to anticipate the development of coastal management plans, it is important to understand the causes of coastal erosion. In the absence of development and consolidation works, the Tourist Area of National Interest, 2 Mai - Vama Veche, is undergoing progressive degradation. Due to the advanced erosion areas, the coastal cliffs are in danger of collapsing more quickly. The delineation of the affected coastal area, as well as the highlighting of methodological criteria, especially at the sea-land interface, assumes the use of the coastline as a key element in the delineation of beach and cliff areas, and the use of the crest of the cliff slope in the delineation of cliff areas. This takes into account the natural variability of geomorphological processes, but also the vulnerability of sectors and subsectors of the southern Romanian coast.

The Impact of the Development of the INA Marina Beach Tourism Area on the Socio-Economic Life of the Surrounding Communities

The development of an area that has the potential to become a tourist area is a huge opportunity, not only can it beautify the face of the city, but it can also have an impact on the economy of the surrounding community, and can improve the tourism sector in the area. It is hoped that the development of the Ina Marina beach area as a tourist area will have a positive impact not only on regional income. However, it can be directly beneficial to the economy of the surrounding community. This research aims to determine the impact of developing the Ina Marina Beach tourist area on the socio-economic life of the surrounding community and the strategies carried. This research uses a qualitative descriptive research method. Data collection was carried out through literature study, observation, and interviews. Data were analyzed using the Miles and Huberman model analysis. The research results show that the impacts felt by the community related to the development of the Ina Marina Beach tourist area are changes in lifestyle, job diversification, economic improvement, and job opportunities.

Teknik Budidaya Rumput Laut dengan Metode Rawai

To determine the potential, cultivation techniques, and the amount of income received by seaweed farmers in the Bahari beach area by applying the seaweed cultivation technique of the rawai method is the purpose studies. Quantitative methods were used in this research through a descriptive approach. The overall population consisted of 4 farmer groups where each group consisted of 10 members who joined, with purposive sampling techniques taken samples of 2 farmer groups or 20 people used as respondents. Using primary-secondary data types, the results of observations, interviews, documentation and questionnaire filling are the primary data of the study. Records of the results of previous research both from agencies related to the research studied are data secondary. Based on research result, cultivation techniques are used with the Rawai method where seaweed management begins with the manufacture of planting equipment consisting of ropes, bamboo, sterofom to anchors, then seed preparation, planting and maintenance until the age of the seaweed is ready for harvest. This technique is quite effective because it provides benefits where the amount of profit obtained by farmers on the coast of Bahari beach is Rp. 396,029,148.