Battle Ship Research Articles

함정 전력지수를 고려한 항모전투단 최적조합 모형

In accordance with the aquisition of a light fleet aircraft carrier (CVL) in the future, Korea Navy needs to consider the naval battle ships combination of carrier strike group (CSG) to escort CVL. Existing studies have been focused on the necessity, legitimacy, and qualitative contents related to the introduction of CVL, but quantitative studies on the combination of CSG for the operation of CVL are rarely studied. In addition, it is difficult to similarly accommodate the battle ships combination of advanced countries such as the United States and the United Kingdom, etc., which are operating the CSG, due to the different types of battle ships, the number of possessions, and their weapon system. We propose an optimization mathematical model based on goal programming about the combination of CSG for battle ships owned by the Republic of Korea navy or planned to be introduced in the future. The proposed study considers the optimal method to satisfy the power index, operation maintenance cost, and constraints that include CSG combination by applying the two goals of maximizing combat power and minimizing input cost.

Sergey Eisenstein: Director’s interpretation of Alexander Rzheshevsky’s screenplay Bezhin Meadow

This article examines the interpretation of Alexander Rzheshevsky’s screenplay Bezhin Mea dow by Sergey Eisenstein. Comparison of different versions of the script reveals the emergence of the film’s conception and changes of the narrative made during the transition from the screenplay to the shooting script. Special attention was given to Eisenstein’s interpretation of the three key episodes of the future film: siege of the church, highway episode, and defeat of the church. The reduction of narrative distance and the growth of the scale of an event are exemplified are exemplifies by the scene of the siege of the church. From this point of view the shelling of peasants from the church and the subsequent assault evoke episodes from Battle ship “Potemkin” and October. The interpretation of the highway episode is based on the use of visual and aural counterpoint. Eisenstein finds the equivalent of the spoken word through the use of the contrasting montage that combines images with speech, noise and music. Eisen stein strengthens the role of religious reminiscences in the central episode of the defeat of the church while showing the destruction of religious objects. Each of these episodes in a way or another implies violence and oriented to the expression of traumatic experience. In this sense Rzheshevsky’s screenplay echoed Eisenstein’s creative preoccupations. It made possible the depiction of historical events in such a way that history itself becomes a substitute for this experience. The study of the narrative in the screenplay allows us to reconstruct the content of the unfinished and forbidden film.

Performance of composite materials under high-speed impact in extreme environments

High-speed impact performance of composites of naval relevance is an important issue for analysing the reliability of components of battle ships produced with composite materials that may be subjected to impulsive loads in extreme conditions of temperature and aggressive environments. This paper presents preliminary results of a wide experimental research programme aiming to determine the response and failure of fibre-reinforced polymer composites of naval relevance under high-speed impact in extreme environments. Six different materials have been produced, namely S-2 glass, carbon, mate glass and hybrid glass/carbon woven fabric-reinforced vinyl ester matrix composites. The production method is by infusion of the resin into a vacuum mould. Impact tests have been carried out by shooting steel balls at speeds in the range of 200–600 m/s, approximately, by means of a compressed-gas gun. Impact velocities and residual velocities were measured by a high-speed camera and the corresponding software. Impact tests have been performed at room temperature 25 °C, as well as at low temperature − 50 °C, and high temperature + 50 °C. The whole experimental programme has been repeated by testing specimens previously conditioned by immersion in seawater up to saturation, aiming to analyse the influence of the aggressive environment on the performance of composites under high-speed impact. The experimental results, residual-velocity vs. impact-velocity curves and ballistic limits (impact velocity for 50% probability of target perforation), show no significant differences in the performance of all materials tested, although the best behaviour is observed in non-mixed hybrid glass/carbon reinforcement. On the other hand, saturated specimens show a slightly better behaviour except for low temperatures. Experimental results are compared with predictions of a new analytical model, previously developed by the authors. A good concordance is observed, showing that the analytical model may be a useful tool for predicting the response and failure of fibre-reinforced polymer composites under impact of different threats (fragments, bullets, etc.).

The Destruction of the Danish Frigate Najaden at the Battle of Lyngør, 1812

The British gunboat war against Denmark in the period 1808 to 1813 was conducted against vital Baltic convoys carrying strategic materials and manufactured goods travelling through hostile or, at best, neutral waters. Following the loss of her battle fleets, Danish Norwegian attacking forces consisted of highly manoeuvrable oared vessels carrying few guns and lighter brigs mounting attacks in open waters. ‘Hit and run’ operations were countered by operational placements of line of battle ships and blockade forces led by frigates. Danish forces reacted accordingly, using the geography of the coastal waters to best advantage. With the launch of the Najaden in 1812, the balance of forces was threatened, but the application of effective intelligence and the knowledge of an embarked pilot led to its tracking and confrontation inshore at Lyngør, Norway. The resulting action led by a 64-gun Third Rate running aground amidst coastal islands was both brutal and decisive, with the Danish commerce raider succumbing to fire and explosion. This article uses Admiralty letters and ships’ logbooks to provide new insights on this battle and the impact it had on Denmark and Norway's future.

保存船・復元船の保存環境・手法に関する調査 : 日欧米の軍艦保存に関する現状調査(奨学褒賞)

保存船・復元船の保存環境・手法に関する調査 : 日欧米の軍艦保存に関する現状調査(奨学褒賞)

천체의 궤도 운동 주기 분석을 통한 명량대첩 당시의 명량수도 조류 상태에 관한 연구

명량대첩(鳴梁大捷)은 1597년 음력 9월 16일(양력 10월 25일) 정유재란 당시 충무공 이순신의 지휘를 받는 조선 수군 전함 13척이 일본 수군 전함 133척을 물리친 세계 해전사에 빛나는 전투이며, 정유재란의 판도를 바꾼 대첩이다. 이충무공은 13척의 조선 수군 전선으로 수백 척의 적선을 대적하는 데에 있어서, 명량수도의 좁은 지형과 독특한 조류를 이용하고자 하여 9월 15일에 해남 우수영으로 진영을 옮긴 다음 날에 명량해협에서 적선을 맞이하였다. 본 연구에서는 명량대첩 당시에 조 일 양국 수군의 전함 기동에 큰 영향을 준 명량해협의 조류 상태를 추산하기 위한 분석을 수행하였다. 연구에 있어서는 평형조석론(equilibrium theory of tide)과 동력학적 조석론(dynamical theory of tide)을 기반으로 하여, 지구에 대한 천체(달, 태양)의 위상이 명량대첩 당시에 있어서의 위상과 동일하게 되는 회귀시점을 천체 운동의 주기를 분석함으로써 계산하였다. 그리고 그 회귀시점에 대하여 조화분석법으로 계산한 조석 자료를 적용하는 방법으로 명량대첩 당시의 조류 상태를 추산하였다. 그 결과, 명량수도의 조류는 새벽 06시 36분에 전류해서 북서쪽으로 흐르기 시작하여 09시30분에 최대 유속인 8.3노트에 이르렀고, 12시 48분에 다시 남동쪽으로 전류하여 16시 12분에 최대 유속인 9.9노트에 도달한 다음, 19시 06분에 북서쪽으로 다시 전류하였다고 판단할 수가 있었다. Miraculous victory of Myeongnyang sea battle turned the tide of the Joseon's entire war against Japan and it is regarded as one of the most remarkable sea victories in the world history. In the sea battle of Myeongnyang, on September 16, 1597(lunar calender), the Joseon navy with 13 battle ships, led by Admiral Yi Sun-sin, won the Japanese navy with their fleet of 133 warships. There were several reasons why Admiral Yi decided on this location for battle. Myeongnyang strait is so narrow and had currents so powerful that many ships could not pass strait simultaneously. Therefore, despite being vastly outnumbered, Admiral Yi used terrain and tidal current advantage to defeat Japanese navy's numerical advantage. In order to find out the tidal state of Myeongnyang strait on September 16, 1597, topological phase of sun and moon was studied by orbital period of earth and moon. The tidal state of Myeongnyang strait on September 16, 1597 is estimated based on the theories of tide and tide tables. As a result of this study, time of slack water were found to be 0636, 1248, 1906 and time/speed of maximum tidal current were found to be 0930/8.3kts(NW), 1612/9.9kts(SE).

해군 함정 정비체계 최적 정비인력 할당 모형 연구

Naval maintenance system carries out repairs of battle ships. Korean Navy has four maintenance stations to maximize the readiness of the battle ships. Since each station can provide different services according to characteristics(specific size of ships, type of maintenances) and the maintenance ability of stations is predetermined, it has been one of complex problems for the Korean Navy to find the optimal resource allocation. We investigate the operation of the stations from the perspective of the human resource allocation which plays crucial role in the performance of the maintenance stations. Using a queueing model and optimization technique, we present a way to derive the optimal personnel allocation which minimize the waiting number of battle ships at each station, leading to the improvement of the military readiness in the Korean Navy.

Limited habitat and conservation value of a young artificial reef

Loss and degradation of natural habitats and their biodiversity may, arguably, be mitigated or compensated through the creation of human-engineered habitats: the underlying conservation tenet is that these artificial habitats compensate for diminished diversity caused by human impacts at local or regional scales. This approach is widely used in the sea by purposefully scuttling ships to create artificial reefs, but its performance as a conservation tool is seldom critically examined in these situations. Here we test if the diversity of sessile invertebrate assemblages on a large, but young (3 years), artificial reef, created by sinking a 133 m long battle ship off Eastern Australia, can mimic that of nearby natural reefs. We use this system as a model to test whether this artificial reef can form compensatory habitat of comparable quality and levels of biodiversity. Our assessment is based on the abundance, species richness, and species composition of sessile invertebrate assemblages, including corals. Despite some signs that temporal trajectories of ecological metrics, such as cover, began to approach natural conditions after 3 years, the ecological structure of sessile invertebrate assemblages on this young wreck remained fundamentally different from those on nearby natural reefs. In particular, large, long-lived corals were abundant on natural rocky reefs, but were rare and covered little area on the young wreck. These data demonstrate that when trajectories to community convergence with natural habitats are prolonged, as may be the case here, any compensatory effects of artificial habitats will have a considerable time lag. Such lags have implications for appraising the conservation value of wrecks and artificial reefs, and they emphasize the need to explicitly acknowledge temporal dynamics when using artificial habitats as complementary conservation tools to augment larger conservation efforts on natural systems.

"Like throwing a bowling ball at a battle ship" audience responses to Australian news stories about alcohol pricing and promotion policies: a qualitative focus group study.

IntroductionPolicies affecting alcohol’s price and promotion are effective measures to reduce harms. Yet policies targeting populations are unpopular with the public, whose views can be influenced by news framings of policy narratives. In Australia, alcohol taxation receives high news coverage, while advertising restrictions have not until recently, and narratives are highly contested for each. However, research specifically examining how audiences respond to such news stories is scant. We sought to explore audience understanding of news reports about two alcohol policy proposals.MethodFrom June to August 2012, 46 participants were recruited for 8 focus groups in age-brackets of young people aged 18–25 years, parents of young people, and adults aged 25 or older. Groups were split by education. Participants were asked their prior knowledge of alcohol policies, before watching and discussing four news stories about alcohol taxation and advertising.ResultsParticipants were clear that alcohol poses problems, yet thought policy solutions were ineffective in a drinking culture they viewed as unamenable to change and unaffected by alcohol’s price or promotion. Without knowledge of its actual effect on consumption, they cited the 2008 alcopops tax as a policy failure, blaming cheaper substitution. Participants had low knowledge of advertising restrictions, yet were concerned about underage exposure. They offered conditional support for restrictions, while doubting its effectiveness. There was marked distrust of statistics and news actors in broadcasts, yet discussions matched previous research findings.ConclusionsNews coverage has resulted in strong audience understanding of alcohol related problems but framed solutions have not always provided clear messages, despite audience support for policies. Future advocacy will need to continue recent moves to address the links between alcohol’s price and promotion with the drinking culture, as well as facilitate understandings of how this culture is amenable to change through the use of evidence-based policies.

(GbL #2) Constructive Simulation as a Collaborative Learning Tool in Education and Training of Crisis Staff

Introduction Modern armies have significantly changed their missions during last decades. Help in natural and man-made disasters such as floods, earthquakes, fires, nuclear and chemical accidents and pollutions gained the importance. These complex tasks involve many organizations and social groups in affected areas: governmental and non-governmental institutions, emergency services, rescue teams, voluntary groups, and people from local communities. They have different skills and knowledge and use different procedures in operations. For their education, collaborative learning in joint teams with subject matter experts in constructive simulations is recognized as beneficial. The use of different exercise methods together with a novel pedagogical approach is needed for providing the desired learning outcomes. These are the issues the research presented in this paper dealt with. Training in a real field and in real weather conditions is costly and timely. Resources are also available only to a limited extent. In addition, performing complex tasks requires a high level of skills and knowledge, which should be gained through practicing and repetition. However, real conditions do not allow for or make it almost impossible to repeat a simulation or its part. Therefore, educational goals are sometimes not fully met (Roman & Brown, 2008). Computer simulations improve spatial learning and perceptual skills of learners (Lindgren & Schwartz, 2009) and provide additional quality to learning process mainly based on textual and verbal interaction. Teachers have full control of a computer simulation. This means that they can start, stop, examine or restart a simulation at any time, which is not possible in a real situation (Holland, 1998). Simulation can be performed in a virtual environment, which allows for learners' high engagement. Interactivity, time constraints, and competitive nature motivate learners to use all their skills and knowledge in dealing with the concrete tasks and finding solutions for problems they are faced with. There are different categorizations of simulation systems (Sulistio, Yeo, & Buyya, 2004). In military training and education, there is a commonly used classification based on the complexity, used methodology and level of objectives (Hodson, 2009): * Live simulations--realistic environment, soldiers and equipment, but without live ammunition; * Virtual simulations--development of individual and/or team skills in complex virtual environments such as aircraft, battle ship, submarine and similar combat system simulators or urban area simulators designed for learning specific case-driven culture and language skills; * Constructive simulations--the most complex and designed for training and education of staff and commanders of joint forces (e.g., brigade, division). Joint forces means that officers from different branches and services (such as engineers, artillery, infantry, armored, reconnaissance, medical, transport, communication, and many other types) are involved in a simulation. In other words, there are several expert teams in many different domains that have to act as a whole. They need to learn from each other and to adapt their specific working procedures according to new tasks and organization. Constructive simulations are recognized in military environments as a way in which a complex training and education can be performed in effective (enriched quality) and efficient (cost reducing) manner. During a simulation, teams of approximately 20 to 30 people face the problems given through a scenario. By analyzing the overall situation (spatial and time context, available resources, and critical targets), they try to find (alternative) solutions, evaluate them, and make decisions. Finally, they implement their decisions, track effects, and make changes and corrections in order to improve the results. All of the activities mentioned above represent the parts of the process of collaborative learning, performed through joint efforts of team members. …

Utilization of Li-Ion Battery Assisted Fuel Cell System in Warships

In this study, design principles required for fuel cells to be used in systems that need inrush current are disclosed. The most important difference that separates this study from others is the consideration of utilizing Li-ion batteries to provide power where inrush current is needed in order to spread. In previous studies, lead acid batteries were used instead of Li-ion batteries. Noiselessness and effective electric production ability make fuel cells a good alternative for military applications. The Li-ion battery is the state of the art technology and while advantages include their light weight and the facts that they occupy less space, charge quickly, and have high power intensity, one can experience problems charging because of their charge characteristics. The desired voltage and current can be obtained through serial and parallel implementation of Li-ion batteries. Li-ion batteries and fuel cells are the technology of our day and it is desirable to obtain a more effective system by bringing the advantages of both to the same system. A high efficiency and silent energy is obtained through the use of fuel cells, and Li-ion batteries will enable their use in systems requiring inrush current. Noiseless maneuvering capability in the operational area for a battle ship is a very important factor to preserve. In this study, a way in which these two technologies can be used in cooperation and in an efficient way is described. Fuel cells that have output power 1000 W, output voltage 115 V, and output frequency 60 Hz were tested in the radio room of a corvette of the Turkish Navy.

800MPa급 무예열 용접 판재의 수중 폭파변형시험

The pre-heat free consumables for GMAW, SAW and FCAW processes that matche with the Cu-bearing PFS-700 steel which has yield strength over 700MPa were developed and evaluated to see the suitability in military such as submarine and battle ship. Explosion Bulge Test underwater was developed and applied to see the reliability of welded structure. All welding was conducted without pre-heat before welding, the interpass temperature was below <TEX>$150^{\circ}C$</TEX> for all welding conditions. Tensile strength for the weld metal in GMAW, SAW and FCAW process is 887MPa, 875MPa and 813MPa, respectively, these values are similar to the base metal of PFS-700 steel of 838MPa. EBT results in GMAW, SAW and FCAW show 14.0%, 14.02% and 15.9% reduction of thickness without generation of crack, respectively and stand-off distance was set up properly to have over 14.0% reduction of thickness. Through EBT results, the developed new consumables are applicable to the weapon systems such as submarine and battle ship.

Comparing N3-60 cascade exit angles obtained from tunnel measurements and numerical simulations

The article compares the results of the measurements performed in the aerodynamic tunnel owned by the Czestochowa University of Technology and the numerical simulation done using the code FLUENT for a plane cascade of N3-60 profiles. The comparison study aims at assessing differences between the exit angles measured experimentally and those obtained from numerical calculations. Variable parameters in the measurements and the calculations were the relative pitch and the profile stagger angle. The measurements were performed in the flow of air. The same medium and having the same inlet parameters was assumed in the calculations. The calculations were performed in two dimensions for the compressible flow. The k-e RNG turbulence model was used to complete the equation system. Comparing the measured and calculated results provides opportunities for assessing the range of differences between the experiment and the simulation. The obtained results and formulated conclusions will find the application not only in the power industry, but also in the shipbuilding industry for analysing the operation of steam and gas turbines used as main and auxiliary propulsion systems on both merchant vessels and battle ships.

시뮬레이션 기반 함정 개발을 위한 함정 제품모델 및 관리시스템 개발

The Korean navy has made many efforts to apply the concepts of PLM (Product Lifecycle Management) and M&S to its naval design and production. However, most of the efforts that have being applied to some acquisition processes, focused only on the element technologies without information models and data frameworks. This study discusses an information model of naval ships for advanced naval acquisitions. We introduce a naval ship product model, and it refers to the DPD (Distributed Product Description) concept of SBA (Simulation-Based Acquisition). To realize the product model concept, we design a data architecture and develop a Product Model Management System (PMMS) based on a PDM System. It is validated through the case study of building the product model of the battle ship that the PMMS has the applicability to effectively manage the naval ship acquisition data on the basis of a 3D product model.

Peninggalan Perang Dunia II di Teluk Youtefa Penyelamatan dan Pelestariannya

A lot of world II remains was laid on Youtefa bay, a long time ago the the battle between Japan allied was happed here. Now this place is really anxious because the world war II remains are lost into the sea and some part of the battle ship are stole. This problem maybe solve with preservation and conservation because this place is potential to be a tourism place and can give a contribution for the public and real government.

선체로 전달되는 해수 이송 배관의 진동 저감 분석

URN(underwater radiated noise) is one of the important performances of the battle ship related to the stealth. The main source of the URN is the structure-borne noise on the hull. And the pipe vibration transmitted to the hull is the main source of the structure-borne noise when the speed of the ship is lower than CIS(cavitation inception speed). In this paper, the vibration isolator(rubber mount) for the pipe system is described in order to reduce the structure-borne noise transmitted to the hull. The vibrations on the sea-water conveying pipes and their supports are measured in order to know how much vibration occurs on those positions. Based on these test results, the improved design of the rubber mount is suggested by the parametric study and is verified numerically with the pipe and hull model.

M&amp;S를 통한 함정의 침수상황 가시화 및 손상통제기법 연구

It should be primarily aimed to increase survivability consisting of susceptibility, vulnerability and recoverability of naval vessels including ship hull, armament system as well as crews from the design stage to practical operations. With this in mind, swift and efficient actions should be executed on the basis of accurate calculations for the recoverability of damaged vessels. In this paper, it is established how the damage control system of naval vessels is embodied through step-by-step processes intending to cope with various damaged situations that may possibly occur during real operations. It is validated that this system has the applicability to naval vessels through the case study of the battle ship which has been damaged during the operation.

Superconducting Hybrid Power Electronics for Military Systems

Cryogenic and superconducting technologies will likely be present on board future battle ships and aircraft, primarily in motors and generators. Motivated by this prospect, DARPA has sponsored a study to investigate the impact of expanding cryogenics to the power conversion equipment as well. An overview of the results of this study and future prospects are the subject of this paper.

Letters

Letters To theEditor: Imuch enjoyed Ken Lomax's splendidly crafted and informativepiece, "AChronicle of theBattleship Oregon." The article stirredup thedust in mymemory binwhen Lomax remindedme that theOregon had been towed offforscrap in 1942.1was a ten year-old living in Sheridan at the time,with an Oregonian route and a plan toput aside enough money fora new fielder's glove. Early in 1943,1 believe itwas, posters showed up on the town streetsand at the local theater tellingme that, in exchange forbuying aWar Bond for $18.75, I could have a piece of the Battleship Oregon. Dad ? one of those for whom theOregon had been "a sentimental symbol of civic pride" as you put it ? was so excited over the prospect ofhaving a piece of the ship thathis enthusiasm was contagious ? and there went my plans for a new glove. FormyWar Bond purchase I got a piece ofwood, about two inches square and one inch thick,bearing a stamp that said it was from theBattleship Oregon. I kept itforyears onmy dresser. Itmight stillbe banging around in the bottom of some sack or box in the attic! Even while being deflowered, theold battle ship still managed to serve in WWII. Again, my compliments on a fine piece. Charles Burgess Burien,Washington To theEditor: In support ofhis argument thatC.E.S. Wood "confessed" towriting Chief Joesph's surrender speech himself,George Venn offersas "proof" the following sentence extracted from one of Wood's letters:"I took itfor my own benefit as a literary item" ("Soldier toAdvocate," OHQ Spring 2005,757257). The contextofthat sentence,however, shows it to be anything but a "confession": "Neither General Miles nor anyone else knows Joseph's surrender speech accurately exceptmyself. No one was interested to take itdown. Oscar Long, Miles' regimental adjutant,was there to take it down but did not. No one was told to take it down. Iwas not told.The speeches of Indians were not considered of importance. I took itfor my own benefit as a literaryitem,and Ihave told you I at request gave itto theAdjutant General of theArmy in Washington for thearchives and itdisappeared." This, of course, leads to a conclusion much different fromVenn's: thatC.E.S. Wood recorded the speech not as an assigned duty,but from a personal awareness of its importance; that it was, in fact,a record of Joseph'swords and not a product of, as Venn states, Wood's "observa tions and fictions." Mark Highberger, publisher Bear Creek Press Wallowa, Oregon George Venn replies: When Wood wrote McWhorter in 1936, "I took it [the speech] formy own benefit as a literary item," Wood revealed? for the first and only time ? that he adopted an artistic persona ? not a literalistic one ? to create the surrender speech. Years ofwitnesses implicitly confirm that revelation. In 1878,Duncan Mc Donald, a Nez Perce who interviewed post-war refugees inCanada, wrote thatChief Joseph's speech at thepre-war Lapwaii Council was "the only speech Joseph, Sr., evermade during the year of 1877." In thirteenpublished versions of the speech,Wood himself revised time, place, speaker, and text.By 1939,those conflicting re visions causedWood towrite, "Joseph's speech of surrender nowhere appears correctly and I myself am partly responsible forthis." Except for variants on the last sentence ? perhapsWood's direct quote of Joseph ? no eyewitnesses ever published the speech.Haruo Aoki's article in the fall 1989 Idaho Yesterdays expresses the skepti cism of contemporary scholars and historians: Letters 333 "Any citation of the long textas an example of American Indian oratory isunwarranted and is an outcome of citingonly the lastand unreliable accounts of C. E. S.Wood." After researching this controversy fornine years, I stand bymy statementson pp. 64-65 ofmy article: except for his confession toMcWhorter, Wood disguised his art as artifact. To theEditor: I take no great pleasure in knowing that others sharemy frustrationas to the scarcityof records regarding early cooperative societies, as expressed in a letterfromErnest Haycox, Jr., printed in the Winter 2004 issue. So Iam pleased to report that the incorporation papers for the Nehalem Valley Cooperative Colony do, indeed, still exist, and may be examined in the State Archives in Salem, under FileNo. 3319. The date...

Measurement of Naval Ship Responses to Underwater Explosion Shock Loadings

The shock-resistance capability of battle ships against a non-contact underwater explosion (UNDEX) is a very critical factor of survivability. In July 1987 and April 2000, we successfully conducted UNDEX shock tests for a coastal mine hunter (MHC) and a mine sweeper/hunter (MSH) of Republic of Korea Navy (ROKN), at the Chinhae bay, Korea. Test planning for conducting these shock tests included responsibilities, methods, and procedures. Test instruments were developed and tested on a drop shock machine to confirm availability in the actual shock tests with emphasis on shock resistance, remote control and reliability. All vital systems of the ships were confirmed to be capable of normal operational condition without significant damages during the explosion shot. By analyzing the test results, the tactical operational safety zone of the ships in underwater explosion environments was estimated. In this paper, we described the results of measurement of naval ship responses to underwater explosion shock loadings including test planning, sensor locations, data reduction, explosive devices, instrumentation and damage assessments of MSH.