Basrah Province Research Articles

Implementing data-driven decision support system based on independent educational data mart

<span>Decision makers in the educational field always seek new technologies and tools, which provide solid, fast answers that can support decision-making process. They need a platform that utilize the students’ academic data and turn them into knowledge to make the right strategic decisions. In this paper, a roadmap for implementing a data driven decision support system (DSS) is presented based on an educational data mart. The independent data mart is implemented on the students’ degrees in 8 subjects in a private school (Al-Iskandaria Primary School in Basrah province, Iraq). The DSS implementation roadmap is started from pre-processing paper-based data source and ended with providing three categories of online analytical processing (OLAP) queries (multidimensional OLAP, desktop OLAP and web OLAP). Key performance indicator (KPI) is implemented as an essential part of educational DSS to measure school performance. The static evaluation method shows that the proposed DSS follows the privacy, security and performance aspects with no errors after inspecting the DSS knowledge base. The evaluation shows that the data driven DSS based on independent data mart with KPI, OLAP is one of the best platforms to support short-to-long term academic decisions.</span>

Commercial shrimp landings of two penaeid shrimps in the main markets of Basrah Province, Iraq

Two penaeid shrimp species were found in the main fish markets of Basrah Province, Penaeus semisulcatus and Metapenaeus affinis. The quantities of the two species were recorded, the highest landings of P. semisulcatus in Al-Ashar market was 396 +26 kg during September, and the lowest during December (159 +16 kg). In Basrah market, the highest landings was observed in July (410 +32 kg), and the lowest was 200 +22 kg in January. As for M. affinis, the highest landings was 397 +55 kg in July at Al-Ashar market, and the lowest rate in December, which reached 205 +19 kg. In Al-Basrah market, the highest rate of landings was 597 +68 kg in July, and the lowest rate (298 +48 kg) in November. The highest average monthly weight of P. semisulcatus was 80 +7 g during January and the lowest average was 40 +6 g in April. For M. affinis the highest average weight was 25 +5 g. in December and the lowest (12 +6 g.) in May. The highest annual landings of P. semisulcatus in Al-Ashar market was 15.5 tones and in Al-Basrah market was 18 tones. While the highest annual rate of landings of M. affinis in Al-Ashar market was 12.7 tones and in Al-Basrah market 25.8 tones.

Immunological Estimation of Inflammatory Interleukins (IL-4, IL-6 & IL-10) Among Patients with Bladder Cancer

The aim of this study was to determine Immunomolecular expression of inflammatory interleukins (IL-4, IL-6 & IL-10) by using ELISA, conventional PCR and Sequencing technologies, to give acknowledge about the roles of these interleukins in patients with bladder cancer in Basrah province. A case-control study included 85 confirmed bladder cancer patients and 80 individual as a control group. Data about age, gender, smoking, alcohol drinking, family history, occupation, residency and clinical findings for all patients with urothelial carcinoma were collected. This study show the effect of demographical factors ( age, gender smoking, family history, alcohol drinking, occupation and residency) in patients with bladder cancer. The current study measure interleukins (IL-4, IL-6 & IL-10) concentration (pg\ml) by using ELISA technology among various age groups, gender, tumor sages (T1-T4) and case status (newly diagnosed, advance & recurrence). The results show significant increase of interleukins 4, 6 and 10 in comparison with control group (P-value= 0.008, 0.009, 0.001) respectively.

Seasonal variations in diversity and the relative abundance of Odonata naiads from the temporary pools in Basrah Province-Southern of Iraq

This study aimed to investigate the monthly changes in the diversity and abundance of Odonata naiad's species for the period from December 2017 to November 2018 from three temporary pools in different areas of Basrah Province, including Abu Gossra-Abu Al-Kassib District (station 1), Al-Masehab- Al-Hartha district (station 2) and Al-Jalal - Al-Madina District (Station 3). Some environmental factors were measured, as water temperatures ranged between (12-38 ° C) while the salinity ranged between (1.2-14 ‰). Ten species of Odonata naiads were recorded, including eight species of Suborder Anisoptera and two species of Suborder Zygoptera. The highest diversity of naiads (9 species) was in St.1 and St.2, and the lowest diversity (8 species) was in St.3. Statistical analysis showed significant effect of environmental factors on the abundance of naiads during sampling period between stations and months. The highest relative abundance was 70% for Crocothemis servilia during January, while the lowest relative abundance was 0.98. % for Diplacodes lefebvrei during April. Environmental indexes of Anisoptera naiads in Basrah showed that their communities are poor in diversity and turbulent, balanced or semi balanced according to the standard values. Jacquard index showed the highest qualitative similarity between St.2 and St.3, and the lowest between St.1 and St.2.

Relationship between Enzymatic Antioxidant Activities and Reproductive Hormones in the Cows with Retained Placenta in Basrah Province, Iraq.

The current study was conducted to evaluate the activity of enzymatic antioxidants (superoxide dismutase [SOD], catalase [CAT], glutathione peroxidase [GSH-px], glutathione transferase [GSH-tr], and glutathione [GSH]) in the plasma of cows that suffered from retained placenta (RP), compared to cows without RP. Estrogen, progesterone, and cortisol hormones were also evaluated for the two groups of animals. In total, 38 pregnant cows were investigated in this study, and eight cows were suffering from RP (RP group) and did not release the placenta up to 12 h after giving birth. The other 30 cows did not suffer from RP (non-RP group) and left as a control. The results revealed a significant increase in CAT, GSH-tr, and GSH-px enzyme activities after calving in RP animals, compared to the other group of animals with normal placenta release before and after calving. In addition, SOD and GSH showed a significant increase in their levels before calving that reduced after giving birth, compared to the other antioxidant enzymes levels. The hormonal study also revealed a significant decrease in the estrogen level in the RP group, compared to the non-RP group, while the progesterone and cortisol showed non-significant levels in the studied groups. In conclusion, a strong relationship of RP with the antioxidant enzymatic activity and hormones in RP cow was observed in this study, which can be used to predict the incidence of RP throughout the levels of enzymatic antioxidants before parturition.

Effect of Acid Whey, Enzymatic Whey, Magnetized and Unmagnetized Whey on the Qualitative and Productive Traits of Date Palm

This study was conducted in one of the private orchards in the district of Abu Al-Khaseeb, Basrah province during the growing seasons 2017 - 2018 in order to examine the effect of spraying acidic whey, enzymatic whey and magnetized and non-magnetized whey on date palm cultivars Phoenix dactylifera L. agricultural (yellow Shwithi and Al-Khdrawi). A Concentration of 100% of the whey was applied to the fruits. The results of the study showed the superiority of the yellow Shwithi and Al-Khdrawi regarding the Qualitative and Productive characteristics. There was a significant difference between the date palm cultivars regarding the length, diameter, the weight of fruit, dry matter, total and reduced sugars and fruit content of invertase enzyme were recorded 33.45 mm, 20.89 mm, 9.302 g, 37.685%, 50.28%, 36.09% and 2347 units/kg/ CO2. The spray treatment was characterized by enzymatic whey in most of the study treatments of fruit length, fruit weight, total sugars and invertase enzyme. It reached 34.55 mm, 9.883 g, 56.15% and 2005.3 units/kg/CO2. The results also showed the importance of bilateral interaction between the variety and spray treatment.

A diagnostic of two species of of Odonata nymph Ischnura evansi (Morton) 1919 (Odonata: Coenagrionidae) and Anax prathenope(Seyls) 1839 (Odonata: Aeschidae) In Basra province

The research includes the diagnosis of two species of Odonata nymph Ischnura evansi (Morton, 1919), which belongs to the Coenagrionidae family, the Zygoptera, the Anax prathenope (seyls) of the Aeschnidae family, and the Anisoptera order of Odonata in Basrah province. The study included the diagnosis and definition of the two species under study and the description included most important taxonomic parts of the head, thorax and abdomen.

Determination of Deoxygenation Coefficient for Al-Robat and Al-Jubyla Creeks in Basrah City/ South of Iraq

Al-Robat and Al-Jubyla creeks, which composes the study area, are two of the main six creeks branched from Shatt Al- Arab river in Basrah province, south of Iraq. They are used as open drains for discharging untreated sanitary sewage which caused the depletion of their dissolved oxygen and subsequently the deterioration of their water quality. To study the impact of discharging untreated sanitary sewage on study area water quality, measured in terms of dissolved oxygen concentration, it is necessary to determine the values of deoxygenation coefficient (K1). The aim of this study is to find K1 values for the study area using laboratory results of BOD time series analyses. For this purpose, water samples were collected from eight locations distributed along the study area. Thomas graphical method was applied to calculate K1. The results showed that the K1 values for Al-Robat and Al-Jubyla creeks ranged from 0.279 to 0.488 day ˗ 1 at 20 °C with ultimate BOD values varied over the range (40.5-258.6) mg/l. These results revealed that the water in Al-Robat and Al-Jubyla creeks has the characteristics of raw sewage.

Evaluation of the hospital’s wastewater treatment plant in basrah province

This paper concentrates on evaluating the wastewater properties and performance of the hospital wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) for two hospitals in Basrah province Al-Taaleme hospital, and Al-Fayhaa hospital. Samples were collected from the WWTS influent and effluent then evaluated pollutants containing by using American Public Health Association (APHA) methods and in comparison to standard guidelines. Laboratory tests of wastewater were conducted to investigate ten parameters: chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), PH, temperature, electric conductivity (E.C), total suspended solids (T.S.S), total dissolved solids (T.D.S), dissolved oxygen (DO) sulfate (SO4), phosphate (PO4), ammonia (NH3) and nitrate (NO3) which have been chosen to assess the quality of wastewater. The results showed that all pollutants were in compliance with the standard limit in Iraqi standard specification B1 for the year 1998, except for the NH3 results for Al-Fayhaa hospital (B), which were 12 mg/L while the standard was 10 mg/L, and COD effluent was exceeded the Iraqi standards for both hospitals Al-Taalemee hospital (A) and Al-Fayhaa hospital (B), which were 155 mg/L and 150 mg/L respectively while the standard was specified effluent by 100 mg/L, and for SO4 effluent was exceeded the Iraqi standards for both hospitals Al-Taalemee hospital (A) and Al-Fayhaa hospital (B) was 760 mg/L and 650 mg/L respectively while the standards were specified by 400 mg/L.

Water Quality Assessment of Shatt Al-Arab River, Southern Iraq Using NSF-WQI

Three stations were selected on Shatt Al-Arab River, which is distinguished by its fresh water that is used for drinking, agriculture and industry. The first station is located in the north of Basrah Province in Al-Shafy, the second in the province center in Al-Salhiya and the third one to the south in the Sahel Region, during the period from October 2019 until September 2020. The study aimed to assess the quality of Shatt Al-Arab River water by using the NSF-WQI guide and its suitability for various uses as it represents an easy and efficient method of evaluation. Seven factors were used in the study: dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, reactive phosphate, potential of Hydrogen, total dissolved solids, nitrates and water temperature. The results showed that the water quality index values varied between 110-122, as Shatt Al-Arab River water is generally classified as poor water. The second station recorded the highest (122) value for the index, while the first station recorded the lowest value (110).

Appraisal of Trace Elements and Heavy Metals Levels in Breast Cancer Patients of Basrah Province

We know that metals are linked to a number of health problems such as constipation, abdominal pain, according to previous reports and lack of appetite, sickness, wakefulness, annoyance, irascibility, giddiness and encephalopathy. However, recent studies have found correlation between cancer and some toxic metals concentration in patients body. Most carcinogegenic metals are Cd, Pb and Hg. Objective: Current study was aimed to determine the concentrations of some metals(Cd, Pb, Hg, Cr, Cu and Zn) in whole blood, serum and hair of breast cancer patients in Basrah city, South of Iraq. Methods: Sample of whole blood, serum and hair were obtained from 60 breast cancer patients, the same samples were collected from 25 people without cancer as control group. Concentrations of heavy metals were carried out using ICP MS (an inductively coupled plasma atomic absorption spectrophotometer). Results: Concentrations of toxic metal such as Cd and Hg occurred at low level in three tissues while Zn occurred at higher concentrations. Pb concentration in the whole blood sample was 22.36 ug/l, Cr: 6.63, cu: 42.35.ug/g, serum of patients accumulating higher concentrations of Hg, Cr, Cu and Cd than in the whole blood sample. Even as Pb and Zn concentrations were high in whole blood. Conversely, hair sample of breast cancer patient accumulated significantly higher concentrations of Hg. Cr, Cu, Cd, Pb and Zn compared to other tissues. Positive correlations were recorded between Cd and Pb (r = 0.46), Zn with Cr, Cu and Hg (r = 0.78, 0.56, 0.88) respectively. Conclusion: High concentrations of Hg, Cr, Cu, Cd and Pb were detected in whole blood, serum and hair of breast cancer patients relative with other control group. Hair samples accumulated the high levels of Cd, Cu, Cr, Hg, Pb and Zn in comparison with whole blood and serum of breast cancer patients.

A new technique for forecasting pore pressure in two oil wells in North Rumaila field based on specific energy concept

Forecasting the pore or formation pressure is crucially significant in every well drilling operation to determine whether the pore pressure gradient is abnormal or subnormal. Abnormal pore pressure gradient means that the pore pressure gradient exceeds the gradient of the normal pressure, while when the opposite happens it means that the pore pressure is subnormal. Both cases required high care with special control of the mud weight to overcome the vital situation. Accurate pore pressure determination is rigorous in drilling engineering to plan for drilling hydrocarbon wells with appropriate mud program with less effort and cost. Precise forecasting of formation pore pressure prevents occurring various drilling hazards such as lost circulation, stuck pipe and well kick as a result of abnormal pore pressure. In the present work, a new technique was proposed to predict the pore or formation pressure from the specific energy. A new formula of specific energy was used involving the rock properties and the drilling parameters. The new specific energy formula is functioned later in Eaton’s equation to obtain a new suggested formula of pore pressure. There is a lack of researches in the literature that determine the real-time pore pressure without depending on well logs. Abnormal and subnormal pressure zones can be determined accordingly based on the fact that abnormal pressure intervals possess low effective stress and require less energy to drill than the intervals that have normal pressure at the same depth. The new proposed formula of pore pressure was tested in two oil wells in North Rumaila field (N14 and N15) in Basrah province south of Iraq. The obtained pore pressure from the new technique based on the suggested specific energy formula that involves the physical properties of the rock being excavated and the drill bit is compared with the actual (measured) pore pressure derived from other wells in North Rumaila field using measurements while drilling logs, drill stem test and real formation test. There was a good rapprochement between the predicted and the measured pore pressure. The present approach depends mainly on the value of the slope (m) which is determined and varied from one place to another. The new method could provide an alternative method for estimating the pore pressure especially for wells being planned to be drilled where the actual pore pressure is unknown and there is shortage in well logs and formation tests, where most of the previous articles in the literature depend mainly on well logs of adjacent wells in predicting the pore pressure of a specific well. The findings of this study can help for better understanding the prediction of formation or pore pressure that helps to choose the appropriate mud weight to control the well without collapsing and preventing well kick that might occur.

Levels of Heavy Metal and Trace Element Among Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders

The aim of this study was estimation the concentration of heavy and trace element in blood samples for autism spectrum disorder material and method: sixty patients with autism participated in the present study, all of these patients are registered in an autism center in Basrah province( Iraq). At the same time, 30 healthy children contributed in the study as a control group. The heavy levels were estimated and trace elements (chromium, zinc, selenium, copper, lead, mercury and iron) in the patient and control groups by used energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The basic principle should appear in the X-rays emitted by the different energies coming from the sample at the same time as a beam of an electron is moving its factors. Conclusion: The results showed that there was no significant difference between patients and the control group in all trace elements except zinc. On the other hand, the study showed that there was no significant change between male and female in all levels of trace elements except selenium.

Fungal Contaminant of Poultry Feed in Basrah, Iraq

A total of 180 samples of concentrated poultry feed were collected from different broilers, broiler breeders, layers farms and local market of poultry in Basrah province. Feed samples were collected during the period from Sep. 2014 to Apr. 2015. About 10 - 30 representative samples of 1 kg were collected from several locations. They were cultured on Potato dextrose agar (PDA) and malt extract agar (MEA) and then sub cultured on Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA). Seven genera were recovered from 180 samples of poultry feed .The most genera which recovered were Aspergillus spp. frequency (Fr) 62.77% - Relative density (RD) 52.03%), followed by Penicillium spp. (Fr 47.77% - RD 17.01%) and they were the predominant genera isolated from poultry feed. Fusarium spp. isolates were less frequency and relative density (Fr.1.66%, RD 2.11%). The most frequently isolated Aspergillus spp. was Aspergillys flavus ( Fr 65.48%) and had the most RD (27.55%), followed by Aspergillus niger (Fr. 58.40%, RD14.23%), the less occurrence of Aspergillus spp. was Aspergillus paraciticus (Fr.1.76%, RD0.89%).

Effect of Silicic Acid Formulation (Silicon 0.8%) on Two Major Insect Pests of Tomato under Greenhouse Conditions

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is an important vegetable crop in Iraq. This horticultural crop is attacked by several insect pest species. Among them, the whitefly Bemisia tabaci Gennadius (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) and the tomato leaf miner Tuta absoluta Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) are the major threat of greenhouse tomatoes in Basrah province in southern Iraq. The management of these pests is heavily based on application of chemical pesticides. Vast application of pesticides caused harmful damage to the environment, human health and may increasing the risk of pest resistance on insect populations. One of the promising strategies which are compatible with organic farming is application of silicon for enhancing plant vigor and resistance to pest damage on various agricultural crops. Due to these facts, the experiments have been carried out at Basrah University to evaluate the effects of silicon (Si) fertilization on tomato plants for reducing damage of these two major pests. Treatments comprised two type of Si applications (Soil drench treatment and foliar spraying) with four Si concentrations (0, 0.5, 1 and 2%) of AB Yellow ® silicic acid formulation. The population density of B. tabaci and T. absoluta were studied weekly during the growth season. The results clearly demonstrated that Silicon applications significantly decreased the population of immature of both whiteflies and tomato leaf miner on tomato crop in the greenhouse; Si-Foliar spraying was more effective in reducing the population density of these key pests compared to Si- soil drench application.

Clinical, Pathological and Molecular Study of Marek’s Disease in the Gallus gllus Domesticus and BrahmaChickens of Basra Province, Iraq

The current study was conducted to diagnose the Marek’s disease in naturally infected Gallus gllusdomesticus chickens and Brahma chickens in Basrah province , Iraq, on the basis of clincopathological findings and by Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) . Suspected samples were collected randomly from different areas in Basrah province, (poultry houses, veterinary clinics, markets and Consulting clinic of the veterinary medicine college of Basrah university). The results of this study showed that some birds had significant clinical signs of Marek’s Disease, like paralysis of the legs and wings. Post mortem inspection showed different lesions according to chickens species in the Gallus gallusdomestics which were severely affected in sciatic nerve inferred by enlargement of sciatic nerve, splenomegaly & hepatomegaly with nodular tumor as well as lesions in the other organs. In Brahma chickens there were mild gross lesions in viscera and only showed enlargement of sciatic nerve. Histopathological examination showed changes in the spleen (necrosis in the white pulp and hyperplasia in the central arteriole of the white pulp) . Sciatic nerve showed edematous fluid in the nerve parenchyma and infiltration of mononuclear inflammatory cells mainly lymphocytes in the nerves parenchyma. The feather follicleshowed marked vaculationof the epithelial layer as well as infiltration of inflammatory cells in the follicular lining. The confirmation was doneby PCR which showed that the total positive samples for avian Marek’s Disease serotype-1 were nine samples,three positive samples of spleens and two positive samples of feather follicles as well as three positive samples of sciatic nerve and one positivesample of liver . Based on these results , MDV was concluded to be the etiology for this pathological condition in Iraqi backyard flocks. This is the first report of the presence of the MDV in Gallusgallus and Brahma breed in Iraq. Accordingly, the commercial poultry population in Iraq is not far from the threat of the MDV, and surveillance for MDV is needed.

Histological Investigation of Pneumonia in Domestic Ducks (Anas platyrhynchos domesticus) in Basrah Province, Iraq

The current study was performed to the histological features of pneumonia in domestic ducks in Basra province of Iraq. The diseased ducks were diagnosed based on clinical manifestations, gross and microscopical lesions as well to histochemical technique. The necropsy findings were characterized by presence white to yellowish bilateral solid uniformed nodules in the parietal surface of the right and left lungs as well to an obvious lesion of red to gray hepatization extend bilaterally in the both lung; however, additionally, both lungs showed bilateral severe congestion mostly in the middle to lower parts with scattered nodules. The microscopic picture indicate a severe interstitial hemorrhage, as well to infiltration of inflammatory cells mainly in the bronchi and interstitial pulmonary tissues revealing to bronchopneumonia; in addition to severe fibrinous exudate that contains a fibrin associated with inflammatory cells infiltration, as well to peri-bronchial inflammatory cells infiltration. The histochemical results showed formation of thick fibrous connective tissue infiltrated in pulmonary interstitial parenchyma and in peri bronchial tissue revealed to diffuse interstitial pulmonary as well to severe interstitial infiltration of mucoid like substances in the pulmonary parenchyma and in the peri-bronchial tissue. It has been concluded that the typical histological features of pneumonia of domestic ducks characterized by severe stages of pulmonary congestion, red and gray hepatization that may overlapped in the complicated cases.

Effect of organic manure and tillage depths on sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) production

One of the factors affecting the productivity of sunflower is poor management of soil service operations such as tillage depth. As choosing the depth of tillage helps in increasing the growth of the root system, which is reflected in the plant vegetative growth. Although the addition of animal manure can increase the activities of microorganisms in the soil and the soil contents of available nutrients, the effects on sunflowers were not tested under dry land conditions of Basrah province. Field experiment was carried out during the 2020 growing season, at two locations, to determine the effect of three tillage depths (10, 20 and 30 cm) and four organic manure levels (M0 = without manure, M1 = 6 t ha−1, M2 = 8 t ha−1, M3 = 10 t ha−1) on sunflower performance, seed yield and selected soil properties. Results showed that, the maximum vegetative parameters, yield component and yield were recorded at 30 and 20 cm tillage depth treatments at the both growing locations without significant differences between them compared to 10 cm tillage depth. Number of seeds head−1 was not influenced by tillage depth treatments over the two locations. Tillage depth of 30 cm significantly improved seed yield as compared to 10 cm tillage depth. The maximum seed yield recorded by 30 cm tillage depth. The application of organic manure had a significant effect on sunflower seed yield, biomass yield, head diameter, 500 seed weight, seeds head−1, leaf area, leaves plant−1, plant height and stem girth at the both growing locations.

Demographic, clinical, and serological features of Iraqi patients with rheumatoid arthritis: evaluation of 470 patients

Aim: To evaluate the demographic, clinical, serological, and radiological characteristics of patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA). Methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive study conducted on a population of patients with RA in the rheumatology outpatient clinic in the three main teaching hospitals in Basrah province between January 2018 and July 2020. Four hundred seventy patients with RA were recruited for this study. All patients were examined and diagnosed by a rheumatologist. Laboratory and radiology tests were also performed for all patients. Results: Three hundred eighty-five (81.9%) women and 85 (18.1%) men with RA were enrolled for the study. The mean age, disease duration, and body mass index were 49.9 ± 11.9, 14.7 ± 6.8 years, and 27.1 ± 4.7, respectively. 322(68.5%) of the patients were have insidious disease onsets. There were 425 (96.2%) patients on Methotrexate (MTX), 247(52.6%), and 180(38.3%) patients on etanercept and prednisolone, respectively. The wrist was the most frequently involved joint, and the hip was the least frequently affected joint (100% and 5.1%), respectively. Anemia was the most extra-articular manifestation in our sample in a ratio of 18.7%. Anti-CCP and rheumatoid factor were present in 81.9% and 77%, respectively. Ulnar deviation was complicated 19.4% of the patients. Diabetes mellitus was the most abundant comorbidity presented in 43.6% of patients. One hundred sixty (34.0%) of the patients were completed their secondary education. Conclusion: Clinical and serological features of rheumatoid arthritis in Basrah province were similar to those found in some national and international studies. We observed higher female preponderance.

Epidemiological and molecular study of Rotavirus infection among human and animal in Karbala and Basrah provinces

This study was aimed to determine the prevalence of rotaviruses in Karbala and Basrah provinces, the genetic reassortment of human and animal rotavirus strains and the novel strains. Rotaviruses were detected by Immunochromatography Test (ICT) then the positive samples were tested by reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) using specific primers to VP7 gene, this gene is responsible for VP7 antigen which is responsible for stimulation the immune system to produce neutralizing antibodies. The VP7 gene was implemented in rotavirus vaccine of Iraqi immunization program. The RT PCR results showed that 56.3% (27/48) of samples positive in children under five years of age in Karbala province while Basrah province revealed 58.5% (31/53) positive samples in children whereas samples taken from calves revealed 43.1% (22/51) and 45.5% (25/55) positive samples in Karbala and Basrah provinces respectively. The sequencing of human and animal samples revealed that there was genetic reassortment between human and animal strains while in comparing with international strains there was closely related with Indian and Pakistani human strains. Necessarily for further bioinformatics studies are needed to study the genetic alterations with viral proteins analysis of rotavirus.