Basis Of University Research Articles

INCREASE STUDENTS' INTEREST THROUGH THE MBT-03 TRAINING MACHINE APPLICATION INTO AK GUN PRACTICE COURSE

This article aims to briefly assess the advantages and limitations of the BT-03 shooting machine when it is applied to the practical teaching of the practical module of National Defense and Security Education (NDSE) at Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and Education. Through surveying the Likert scale (5 levels) with 340 students and 28 experts, the author conducted quantitative statistical analysis to compare the interest of learners and lecturers after their experience with this device. The results showed that both students and lecturers highly appreciated all 10 observed variables affecting the excitement through the application of the MBT-03 exercise machine. This is the basis for universities and national defense education centers to consult and invest in shooting machines that combine information technology in teaching. Thereby, it helps to innovate teaching methods in a positive way and contributes to improving the quality of NDSE.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0046/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE FEATURES OF THE CELLO TEACHING METHODOLOGIES IN MUSIC UNIVERSITIES IN RUSSIA AND CHINA

Russia and China are two allied states in which great attention is paid to quality education and comprehensive development of the younger generation. The most important link and tool for achieving this is music and teaching the art of music. In this article, an attempt is made to conduct a comparative analysis of the pedagogical and methodological features of professional training of cellists on the basis of universities in Russia and China. Some topical problems related to the organisation of cello training are identifi ed, effective measures for their resolution are proposed. The conclusion is made about the prospects of music education for cello performers in universities in Russia and China.

Teaching African students Russian at the Center for Open Education in the Republic of Ivory Coast

The authors of the article consider the features of teaching Russian as a foreign language (hereinafter referred to as RCT) to Ivorians at the Center for Open Education established on the basis of universities (Université méthodiste de Côte d’Ivoire, Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, ETIC University) in October 2023 in the Republic of Côte d'Ivoire with the support of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation. The purpose of this study is to describe approaches to teaching Ivorians the Russian language from scratch and the practice of working with African students, which allows to intensify the language learning process, optimize the amount of material studied, choose effective methods and techniques, and offer practical advice to RCT teachers beginning to explore the African continent. The research is based on the principles of competence-based, communicative-activity and ethnically oriented approaches in teaching RCT. To achieve this goal, the following research methods were used: questionnaires, observation, including the method of "unconscious internal observation", statistical methods of processing results, comparison, generalization of practical experience in teaching Russian to foreign students. The implementation of the Russian language teaching system developed by the authors of the article from scratch showed that this process achieves the greatest effectiveness when taking into account the characteristics of the African audience (emotionality, musicality, artistry of students) and including a large number of visual, media and audio materials. According to the authors of the article, the techniques of melodization and rhythmization of linguistic and didactic materials acquired particular importance in the learning process: they contributed to the establishment of trusting relationships between teachers and students, disclosed the requests of Ivorians for the content of education, and allowed taking into account the cultural interests of the audience. The demonstration of respect for Russian and African cultures in the development of the lesson program was carried out taking into account the comparative approach, which allowed students to focus on the peculiarities of Russia compared with Africa's. The use of gaming technologies made it possible for teachers to present material to students in different ways: working in pairs, groups (teams), the rapid change of activities caused by the game, contributed to the establishment of mutual contacts in a large audience (the number of students in the classroom could reach up to 100 people), relieving tension when communicating in a non-native language, unobtrusive introduction of grammatical and lexical material, as well as intensive enrichment of Ivorian students with information about Russian culture.

DIAGNOSTIC ANALYSIS OF THE RELEVANCE OF DOING BUSINESS BY YOUNG ENTREPRENEURS IN THE POST-PANDEMIC COVID-19 PERIOD

The article highlights a marketing study of the preconditions for starting a business by young entrepreneurs by polling existing and potential entrepreneurs under the age of 35 on social networks. The problems of the development of existing enterprises during the introduction of quarantine restrictions due to coronavirus (COVID-19) are considered. Obstacles at the beginning of starting a business by young entrepreneurs and their willingness to adapt to coronavirus quarantine restrictions are analyzed (COVID-19). One in two young entrepreneurs is found to be partially affected by quarantine restrictions due to the coronavirus epidemic (COVID-19), and the rest of the self-employed people responded that the business is fully operational. Among the difficulties that arose during the quarantine, there was a decrease in social activity and limited visits to customers, reduced activity in those areas on which their business depended, lack of demand and orders. It is established that one of the important aspects is the focus on creating conditions to support young entrepreneurs and the necessary guarantees of their activities, the competence of the state in matters of lending and preferential tax conditions for start-up entrepreneurs. It is also possible to consider exchange and training on the basis of universities in countries with high economic performance in comparison with Ukraine (for potential entrepreneurs), and government support programs for existing enterprises.

Features of pre-professional pedagogic training of schoolchildren on the basis of higher education institutions

One of the key benchmarks in the development of the education system is the high-quality training of pedagogues. Currently, there is a search for the most effective ways of continuous pedagogic education, in which pre-professional pedagogic training of schoolchildren is an important stage. The article examines the problem of pre-professional pedagogic training of schoolchildren, it analyses the features of its solution in the conditions of higher education. The study was based on monitoring materials received from the constituent entities of the Russian Federation on the problem of pre-professional pedagogic training, as well as regulatory documents of educational organisations that regulate this activity. Based on the results of the generalisation of experience, the authors present the target guidelines of educational institutions dealing with this problem. Description of the forms and methods of organising pedagogic classes on the basis of universities are of practical interest. The revealed features make it possible to use various formats for including higher education in solving the problem of pre-professional pedagogic training of pupils. The paper highlights the most promising models of organising work with schoolchildren – the model “Pedagogic pre-university“ and the model “Networked pedagogic classˮ. The article is of scientific and practical importance for headmasters and teaching staff of educational organisations involved in the development of the content of pre-professional pedagogic training of schoolchildren, mechanisms and organisational and pedagogic conditions for organising this activity.

Social and Economic Cooperation Between Enterprises of Defence Industrial Complex and Small Business in Russia

The effective functioning of the economy of the modern state affecting the production, distribution or exchange functions, is impossible without laying down the deep links between its individual elements. Along with this, the active interaction of entrepreneurial structures of various scales and areas of activity and industries - in the areas of the implementation of planning, management and control functions, leads to the most efficient development of all interconnected elements of this structure. At the turn of the last decade, the form of small innovative enterprises created on the basis of universities, which are a link between the science and the real sector of the state economy. This article covers the possibility of the opportunities and prospects of the in-depth cooperation of such enterprises with other small and medium-sized businesses, as well as with enterprises belonging to the industry of the defense and industrial complex on personnel support and social and economic interaction. The article considers the main problems faced by small innovative enterprises and medium-scale enterprises in the execution of the state defense order and the reasons, in connection with which the share of these enterprises in the structure of the state defense order in the Russian Federation today is extremely small. The characteristic of a number of problems typical of enterprises of the defense and industrial complex in the direction of the realization of their activities in the field of innovative developments and the introduction of an innovative product across the consumer market and solving personnel issues is also. An analysis of the interaction of small innovative enterprises with the enterprises of the DIC in the territory of foreign countries was carried out, and promising directions were proposed focused on a positive change in the current situation.

Budget performance management in Chinese universities: A research summary

Since 2005, with the increasing research enthusiasm of performance evaluation, the performance management evaluation of higher education in China has gradually become a hot research topic. Higher education performance evaluation is an important research method to reflect the quality of university education, and it can promote the high-quality development of higher education. With the method of literature analysis, this paper summarizes the connotation, necessity, evaluation methods and index system construction of higher education performance management at home and abroad, hoping to provide strategic direction and decision-making basis for universities to achieve high-quality development.

Characteristics of students' personality and activity as predictors of the degree of real and preferred participation in educational and developmental activities

Introduction. The study of predictors of the real and preferred level of students' participation in educational and developmental activities will improve the practice of psychological and pedagogical support of their learning process at the university. The purpose of the study is to analyze the characteristics of the personality and activity of students as predictors of the degree of realization and preference of educational and developmental activities. Methodology. The sample consisted of 412 full-time students aged 17-23 years (average M= 19.5; SD= 1.63) of both sexes (men – 37.6%, women – 62.4%). Methodology. A questionnaire was used to assess the degree of realization of forms of activity and the degree of preference for the same-named forms of social activity, a questionnaire S. Schwartz's questionnaire for measuring value preferences, V.M. Rusalov's questionnaire for determining functional and dynamic properties. The study was conducted on the basis of universities in Saratov (Russian Federation). Mathematical methods: descriptive statistics, correlation and regression analysis. The results of the study. More than three-quarters of all forms of social activity of students and the degree of preference are not consistent. The strongest discrepancies are between the degree of realization and preferences for educational and developmental activities of students. The characteristics of social activity explain 39% of the variations of the implemented educational and developmental activities, values – 12% and functional and dynamic properties – 6%. Variations in the preferred level of educational activity are explained by 29% activity, 18% values and 17% functional-dynamic properties. Discussion and conclusion. Professional, spiritual and Internet search activity are stable predictors of educational and developmental activities. Value predictors of students' educational and developmental activity are the values of universalism – caring for others and about nature, achievements and reputation. Ergicity and emotionality intellectual and psychomotor ergicity are predictors of educational and developmental activities. As a result of the research, proposals were made on the use of the data obtained in the educational practice of universities.

ЦИФРОВАЯ СИСТЕМА «АГРОИННОВАТОР» АКСЕЛЕРАЦИИ ИННОВАЦИОННЫХ ПРОЕКТОВ В АГРОБИЗНЕСЕ

Relevance and goals. The article discusses the features of the implementation of acceleration programs on the basis of agricultural universities, which are one of the tools for involving talented youth in entrepreneurial activities. The purpose of this study is to analyze acceleration programs and develop practical recommendations for the implementation of accelerators on the basis of an agricultural university. Materials and methods. In the course of the study, methods of system analysis, an abstract-logical method were used, methods were applied that made it possible to identify the key characteristics of business accelerators, methods of complex and structural-dynamic analysis, expert assessments (prioritization). Results. The article presents the current state of the needs of the state and employers, in particular, in personnel ready for entrepreneurial activity. The need for the introduction of project-oriented intensives and acceleration programs as tools for the intensive development of innovative ideas is substantiated. Discussion The formation of the input funnel of the acceleration program from among the leading agrarian universities of the country in a consortium with Vavilov University, consistent teaching of the theoretical foundations, the formation of agricultural projects and practice-oriented training on the basis of model agrostructures of the university is substantiated. The article presents a model of the organizational structure that manages the acceleration program, which makes it possible to involve structural divisions of universities, mentors, experts and industrial partners in the implementation of the accelerator. Findings. The implementation of acceleration programs on the basis of universities will allow to actively develop the start-up industry in the modern realities of the economy, when every successful start-up contributes to the development of the economy, while forming the technological sovereignty of the country.

Architectonics of Scientific Personnel Training in the Conditions of Postgraduate Study (on the Example of the First Year of Training)

The questions related to postgraduate education as an institution for training scientific personnel, which seeks to create and put into practice its own concept of training graduate students and applicants on the basis of universities are observed in the article. The author considers the architectonics of postgraduate training from the perspective of the quality of educational programs and pedagogical technologies; creating conditions for continuing education through a combination of different forms and methods of education based on the principle of continuity and preservation of the pedagogical potential of all scientific disciplines in teaching of personnel in postgraduate school. Having studied the reasons for low publication activity of postgraduates / applicants in the Transbaikal State University and on the basis of the existing FSES of Higher Education in postgraduate education the author has attempted to create an architectonics of postgraduate training continuity (1st level). On the example of the “Foreign Language” discipline the practical implementation of first-year postgraduates training within the framework of the succession architectonics is shown. The article provides a detailed description of each block of training with an emphasis on the integration of the educational process participants and taught scientific disciplines, analyzes the collected statistical data on the problem in the ZabGU, draws conclusions and forecasts the results. Keywords: architectonics, continuity, postgraduate professional education, scientific personnel, postgraduate school, foreign language, publication activity

HIGHER EDUCATION IN UKRAINE: REALITY AND PERSPECTIVES

Background and objectives. Sustainable development of the country requires the establishment of a close dialogue between the three subjects of higher education – the university, business and the state. The need to strengthen cooperation is due to the discrepancy between the real state of development of the economy and education sector, the inconsistency of staff quality with modern labor market needs, lack of innovation and research component of universities, which negatively affects the state of the national economy and reflected in various international rankings. To solve this problem it is necessary to study the state of higher education in Ukraine and prospects for its development.Methods. The graphical method is used to study the dynamics of higher education, logical – to build a system for monitoring the employment of higher education. Findings. An effective model of cooperation in Ukraine should include several areas of activity. The state must ensure the financial independence of universities through government; to promote the creation of the appropriate material and technical base of the university; to create conditions under which business will be interested in cooperation with educational institutions as bases of practice and for the purpose of carrying out joint with university research works in priority spheres.Conclusion. Business structures should provide information on the needs of the market in qualified personnel and on promising areas of activity. Universities must provide quality curricula, readiness to establish technology parks, innovative firms on the basis of universities in order to conduct research.

PROBLEM OF DEVALVATION PROFESSIONAL IT-EDUCATION AND POSSIBLE WAYS

The article raises the problem of the emerging alarming trend of the higher education’s devaluation for the field of information technology in the society, draws attention to the fashionable trend of obtaining "fast" programming skills without acquiring invaluable knowledge of a fundamental nature, denial of scientific approaches to the creation of software products, as well as the methodological basis design of information systems in accordance with the approved world standards. It has been proven that exclusively higher education provides the necessary competencies in full, since it is supported by a focus on employers' requests and educational programs created on the basis of universities, which are approved by certified experts in the relevant fields of knowledge. The urgent need to transform the thinking of society towards the formation of beliefs about consistency in obtaining education in the field of IT technologies is emphasized.

Innovative potential of a small innovative enterprise organized on the basis of University

The work considers current methodological issues of innovative potential of a small enterprise organized based on a Russian University. The paper contains an analysis of approaches to the concept of "innovative potential", "innovative potential of a small innovative enterprise organized on the basis of a University". The article developed and proposed the author's model, which includes 12 blocks and a scheme for defining the concept of "innovative potential" of the company. In it, taking into account our suggestions, the points of view to its definition were generalized, and a new block was added to the scheme, that will allow small enterprises to develop dynamically in the field of innovation based on higher educational institutions.The results of the authors' research in the direction of innovative potential of small innovative enterprises organized on the basis of the University may be of interest to other universities as a learning experience, as well as Russian and foreign organizations.

RETRACTED: Study of graduate attributes of the university of Sydney and implications for building Chinese world-class universities

The graduate attributes of the University of Sydney innovatively include the enabling conceptions and the translation conceptions of attributes and ensure that they are specifically oriented, reasonably structured and comprehensively designed. These scientifically constructed graduate attributes of the University of Sydney prove strong efficiency by the university taking up a high position in QS Graduate Employability Rankings in recent years. Chinese top-level universities, in the process of building world-class universities, also face the task of revising the graduate attributes and substantially enhancing the quality of talents cultivation, and can, therefore, learn the successful experience to revise their own graduate attributes on the basis of universities’ history, vision and specialty, on the premise of a sound cognition of the connotation, levels, and relationship of graduate attributes, and by means of System Theory, Phenomenography and comparative study.

Psychological factors motivating the choice of university entrants

The article focuses on the study of factors influencing the choice of a university by entrants. Firstyear students’ behaviour is mainly affected by external factors or factors not related to professional educational trajectory choice. An individual choice considers the limitations imposed by the size of family capital, abilities and other characteristics of the applicant, institutional factors (development of infrastructure, etc.). These restrictions affect the choice of future profession and a particular university, which largely determines the education quality. The most popular sources to receive information about universities are the official websites. The analysis of entrants’ answers can become the basis for universities’ PR and advertising programs. They will also be useful for optimising the content of the website. The university presentation’s quality is one of the most critical factors in the independent search for a university without pre-established benefits. Advertising campaigns should be dominated by motives that promote a particular choice. They are the university’s overall image, teachers’ professionalism, and a clear definition of the actual possibilities for further work in the speciality.

АНАЛІЗ ІННОВАЦІЙНО-ТЕХНОЛОГІЧНОГО РОЗВИТКУ МЕДИЧНОЇ ГАЛУЗІ В УКРАЇНІ

The global trends of innovation and scientific and technological activities in the medical field are analyzed in the article. The state of research and development work in the field of medical sciences, the effectiveness of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine are analyzed and it is found that the creation of new scientific developments remains limited due to the reduction of scientific, technological and innovative opportunities, because the number of research performers decreases annually, number of training of scientists in the field of medical sciences, financing of research works, etc. Possibilities and problems of innovative activity in the medical field are investigated. Based on the analysis, it is established that the innovative and technological development of the medical industry is marked by a number of problems, primarily related to: lack of traceability of the real state of science and technology at the level of educational and scientific institutions, state and municipal medical institutions, private health care facilities and others; reduction of the number of performed research works and introduction of innovations; lack of a state strategy for scientific, technical and innovative development of the industry; low level of funding for research and innovation of institutions, organizations and enterprises in the medical field; lack of state order, etc. It is proved that the creation and transfer of new methods, techniques and technologies for diagnosis, treatment and prevention of the most common human diseases remains one of the most important components of state health policy and requires significant improvement of public management of Ukraine's medical system transformation according to innovative technological principles. Ways to solve the problems of public administration of scientific, technological and innovative development of the industry, such as improving the legal framework and state strategy of innovation and technological development of the industry; stimulating scientific and technological progress; development of innovation clusters, formation of medical technology transfer centers on the basis of universities, scientific medical institutes and private partners; promoting the development of public-private partnership as a way to expand innovation and investment activities of health care providers, etc. are proposed.

Організаційно-економічний механізм інтеграції освіти, науки та бізнесу: модель сучасного університету

The article is aimed at forming an organizational and economic mechanism of education, science and business integration on the basis of University 4.0. To achieve this goal, the methods of logical analysis and analytical modeling were used. The article clarifies the concept of “organizational and economic mechanism of education, science and business integration”, which is proposed to be treated as a set of organizational and economic interrelated elements, namely: instruments, forms, tools, levers, factors, and methods of management that work to improve the effectiveness of innovation and achievement of certain goals by coordinating the interests of the parties involved in its work. The organizational and economic mechanism of science, education and business integration should promote effective implementation of all the stages of the research and innovation cycle to ensure the socio-economic development of individual regions and the country as a whole. The organizational and economic mechanism of education, science and business integration according to the university 4.0 model is suggested, and its following components are substantiated: the purposes and tasks; legal norms; priorities and principles of its creation; organizational and economic forms, management methods, tools; means of implementing educational, scientific and innovative processes; levers and factors of influence; management effectiveness measures; resources. Actual use of the organizational and economic mechanism of education, science and business integration based on the formation of an innovative ecosystem around the university can enhance the positive influence of academic activity on the socio-economic development of individual regions and the country as a whole due to providing highly qualified personnel training according to innovative development needs, involving young people in research and startups development, stimulating the commercialization of research results, promoting large-scale use of scholarly knowledge as a virtually inexhaustible resource of economic growth for the development of high-performance technologies, tools, products, services, new knowledge, etc.

ANALYSES OF COMPETENCIAS FORMATION AS THE KEY FACTOR FOR SUCCESSFUL EMPLOYMENT OF UNIVERSITY GRADUATES

The article deals with issues related to the problems of identifying competences demanded on the labor market, examines the regional aspects of assessing the importance of competences by employers in Russia and Kazakhstan. The competence demanded by the regional labor market have been analyzed, approaches to the formation of effective methods of interaction between universities and the labor market to improve the quality of education have been grounded. The article concerns the modern scientific approaches to identifying key competences. The paper studies approaches to the development of methodological tools that provide multi-criteria assessment (diagnostics) of the activities of educational institutions. Dynamic changes in the labor market, caused by the development of information technologies, lead to the fact that universities offer educational programs that do not meet the latest trends. The article discusses on of the ways to solve this problem by means of competence centers created on the basis of universities.

UNIVERSITY – INDUSTRY INTERACTION ON KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT THROUGH OPEN INNOVATION SYSTEMS

This theoretical paper discusses knowledge management in an open innovation systems context on a basis of university – industry collaboration. Knowledge management is necessary to ensure the inbound and outbound flows of knowledge that define open innovation, and to ensure that the knowledge, provided by the open innovation process ,can be used for successful collaboration between universities and industry. The importance of knowledge is emphasized in the literature on open innovation, but most modern literature takes only a narrow point of view on the problem and is not related to knowledge management through inter-institutional collaboration. The paper discusses the General framework conditions for efficient university-industry collaboration and in this context, it outlines the Systematic procedure of open innovation implementation. The main outlined knowledge flows in networking shows a combination of a positive and neutral effect on the effectiveness of innovation at the level of business units, which means that open innovation within the network is generally beneficial for a multidisciplinary organization as well as Incoming innovations across organizational boundaries are beneficial for the innovation activity of a business unit, in contrast to outgoing innovations that have a neutral effect on it. The ability of organization to recognize the value of new external information, absorb and apply it for commercial purposes is crucial for its innovative potential. The creation of knowledge and the ability to master can be created without a special R&D unit in university - joint research and development can be fruitful, and trade areas can provide the opportunity for training and joint acquisition of new knowledge.

ПРОЕКТИ ВИЩОЇ ПЕДАГОГІЧНОЇ ОСВІТИ В УКРАЇНІ ПЕРШОЇ ПОЛОВИНИ ХІХ ст.


 
 
 
 The period of the first half of the nineteenth century is characterized by a significant number of the pedagogical education projects development, which can be divided into two main groups: the author’s (M. Demkov, V. Ivanovsky, G. Kollontay, M. Pirogov, М. Troitsky, K. Ushinsky, T.Chacky, etc.) and official (authorized by the Ministry of Public Education). Among them are the projects of Pedagogical Institute in the "Prior Rules of Public Education" (1803), the General Regulations of the Russian Imperial Universities in 1804 and 1835, the Pedagogical Courses Principles (1860, 1865); the draft of the Teaching Institute Regulations (1862) and a number of others. It`s considered that author's approaches significantly influenced the content of the official group and even served as their basis.The analysis of the projects content is allowed to group them into two divisions. The first is the projects of educational institutions for the primary school teachers training (teachers' seminary, teacher's institutes), and the second one is educational institutions for the secondary school teachers training (pedagogical faculties, pedagogical institutes, pedagogical courses, pedagogical seminaries). At the same time, the first projects were planned as an independent, exclusively closed educational institutions of the residential type. Their curricula had to provide the detailed learning of the primary schools disciplines and the teaching methods. A compulsory condition for the existence of the second group was their opening on the basis of universities, which according to the authors of the projects had to provide a broad compulsory education and special training for advanced teaching. The dominant for university teaching institutions was the viewpoint of their open type, which is slightly allowed to reduce the cost of teacher training, providing teacher applicants with scholarships rather than complete public funds.The common requirement for both types of projects was the requirement for compulsory in-depth pedagogical training, which, as a rule, reflected the need to follow the principle of theoretical pedagogical courses unity (pedagogy, didactics, knowledge about upbringing, history of pedagogical currents, etc.) and pedagogical training.Thereby the pedagogical institute on this basis was opened in the structure of the University of St. Volodymyr in Kyiv in 1834. Having passed the difficult historical path, today is known in the world educational space by a large-scale innovative activity as National Pedagogical Dragomanov University, it is still the custodian of the university pedagogical institute idea of the 1830s, traditions of teacher training.