Basis Of Public-private Partnership Research Articles

PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP AS A TOOL FOR FINANCIAL SUPPORT OF THE ENERGY SECTOR IN UKRAINE: ANALYSIS, MECHANISM, FINANCIAL REPORTING

Based on the analysis of the dynamics of implementation of public-private partnership (PPP) projects in Ukraine, key problems have been identified and its priorities in financial support for the recovery of the native energy sector have been determined. It is appointed that PPP concession agreements are the main mechanisms for attracting investment in the global electric power industry. The expediency of using the concession model on BOT terms for the implementation of large projects in the energy sector is substantiated, which will contribute to the intensification of investment attraction and will allow to distribute risks between the state and business. Recommendations on the formation of an information platform for participants in the implementation of PPP projects on the basis of disclosure of information on the effectiveness of concession operations in accounting and financial statements have been developed. The tools for the formation of the financial mechanism of public-private partnership, where the priority is budget and venture financing, are substantiated. To make decisions on the implementation of PPP investment projects, an approach to assessing the financial support of project initiatives is recommended, the basis of which is the proposed criteria for compliance with financial security, the choice of funding sources, indicators of scenario analysis and efficiency. The proposed methodical approach to assessing the effectiveness of PPP allows us to assess the synergistic effect, which reflects the totality of economic, social and environmental effects. The formulated recommendations for improving the relationship between the state and business will contribute to the intensification of the attraction of private investment resources on the basis of PPPs for the restoration of the energy sector in Ukraine.

Digitalization as a determinant of transformation of the real sector of the economy of the macroregion (using the example of the North Caucasus Federal District)

Purpose: is to study of the processes of digitalization and digital transformation of the real sector of the economy of the regions of the North Caucasus Federal District. Methods: the methodological basis of the study was the concept of the digital economy, the theoretical principles of supply-side economics, the systems approach, trend analysis and predictive analytics. The study is based on the use of the methods of economic and statistical analysis, scientifi c abstraction, analogies and scientifi c generalizations. The methods used are characterized by validity and show a high degree of eff ectiveness. Results: digitalization and digital transformation processes are underway in the North Caucasus Federal District, but the pace remains low. To accelerate these processes, it is necessary to solve two interrelated problems: fi rstly, to materialize the processes of digitalization and digital transformation in the real sector of the economy of the regions of the federal district, and secondly, to train personnel in certain specialties who can eff ectively operate digital technologies. In the fi rst case, it is possible to use the model of catch-up development at the regional level, which will make it possible to implement the principle of “advantage of backwardness” and use the accumulated global and regional experience in the transition to the modern trends in the operation of digital technologies. In the second case, it is proposed to organize special centers in the subjects of the district for retraining digital technologies specialists with the necessary competencies and/or advanced training with the issuance of the confi rming certifi cates. Such centers could train exclusive specialists at the request of enterprises or engage in refresher training and retraining of the necessary specialists. The creation of the centers is possible on the basis of public-private partnership. Conclusions and Relevance: the main task of the digital transformation of industry is considered to be the modernization of production process management, which will lead to the signifi cant increase in labor productivity. To implement such a scenario, the economic entities in the regions of the North Caucasus Federal District need to move away from the traditionalist approaches that take place in the organization and management of enterprises, and switch to the processes of digitalization and digital transformation of the real sector of the economy of the district.

ПРІОРИТЕТНІ МОДЕЛІ РОЗВИТКУ ВИЩОЇ ОСВІТИ В СУЧАСНОМУ КИТАЇ

The article emphasizes the importance of applying innovative models of higher education development, which should include: planning, when the strategy is developed by experts or research scientists based on the analysis of the state of education functioning; experience, when the strategy is developed by trial and error with the involvement of the maximum number of pedagogical workers; the relationship between education and economic development. This model should include internal, external, scientific, creative, economic and ideological needs. The model is considered as formed by the means of sign systems, mental analogues (logical) constructs that schematically reflect the educational practice as a whole or its individual fragments. The article analyses the transformation of the development of the modern model of higher education in China in historical retrospect. The First Stage: 1978-1984. During this period, the reform of the country's economic and political system began. The Second Stage: 1985-1992. In 1984-1985, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China successively adopted decisions on the reform of the economic system and the reform of the scientific and technological system. The Third Stage: 1993-1998. In early 1992, Comrade Deng Xiaoping inspected Southern China, after which his keynote speeches, which became the report at the "14th National Congress of the Communist Party of China", were published. The fourth stage: from 1999 to the present. In June 1999, the Party Central Committee and the State Council held the third national conference on higher education "Reforms and Openings". The article states that a multi-component model of the quality of university education should include a large number of factors: the presence of outstanding scientists and scientists who have a significant number of studies and monographs related to the current problems of modern education; the possibility of students achieving certain (creative, non-standard, logical) goals as a result of studying at the university; quality of the diploma and successful employment. The parameters of the quality of higher education in today's conditions are emphasized: the transition from unjustified teaching methods to innovative ones that provide for the individualization of the educational process; managing the development of higher education on the basis of public-private partnership; teamwork; high level of learning motivation; active cooperation of the one who teaches and the one who learns; high professionalism of the subject; intellectual development of the subject; his capacity for self-learning.

Directions of Ecotourism Organization in Uzbekistan

This article examines the directions of ecotourism development in the Republic of Uzbekistan, which has a significant natural and cultural potential. The current state of ecotourism infrastructure is analysed and key problems that hinder its effective functioning are identified. As a result of the study, the existing ecotourism sites are systematized by areas of activity, and recommendations are proposed for improving the management and development of ecotourism in the country. Particular attention is paid to the issues of rational use of natural resources, enhancing the quality of services and attracting investment on the basis of public-private partnership. The findings of the study emphasize the importance of an integrated approach to the organization of ecotourism, which contributes not only to the preservation of natural heritage, but also to the sustainable economic development of the regions.

Реалізація інвестиційних проєктів на засадах партнерства влади, бізнесу та суспільства в Україні: сучасні тенденції та прогнозування розвитку

The article is devoted to the analysis of the current state and prospects for the development of the partnership of government, business and society on the basis of public-private partnership (PPP) in Ukraine for the period 2024-2030, in particular in the context of the country's post-war recovery. The paper examines the key trends in the implementation of PPP contracts for the period from 2018 to 2023, reveals serious problems in the implementation of projects, in particular, a decrease in the number of implemented contracts and an increase in the share of unimplemented and terminated contracts. The influence of military actions on the PPP implementation process is analyzed and the need to adapt management mechanisms to new conditions is emphasized. Special attention is paid to the role of PPPs in the recovery of critical sectors such as education, health care, transport and others, as well as opportunities to attract investments. Three main scenarios for the development of the partnership between government, business and society for the coming years are considered: optimistic, basic and pessimistic. It was determined that the PPP has significant potential for positive change, but success will depend on economic stability, political decisions and the effectiveness of legislative changes. For the purpose of more accurate forecasting, the Monte Carlo method was applied, which made it possible to obtain detailed forecasts of PPP development under three scenarios. The simulation results showed that the optimistic scenario predicts a high potential for project development and a significant amount of investment, while the pessimistic scenario reflects possible difficulties and limited growth. The importance of strategic planning and adaptation to possible changes for effective management of investment projects on the basis of partnership between government, business and society in conditions of uncertainty is justified.

Public-private partnership as a tool to stimulate innovation in the scientific and technical sphere

In a market economy, it is important to improve the technology of work and the efficiency of resource management. One of the most effective ways to attract investments for their development is to use the mechanism of public-private partnership (PPP). PPP occupies an important place in the economy, affects the development of entrepreneurship, production, social sphere and modernization of the economy. With limited budgetary resources, PPP can also be considered as a new mechanism for attracting investments into the country's economy. In the article the authors tried to determine whether the interests of the state and entrepreneurship in the innovation sphere coincide to the greatest extent, and whether the joint resource power of the parties can contribute to the growth of priority sectors of the economy, increase the share of Kazakhstani goods and services in the foreign market of high-tech and knowledge-intensive products. In this regard, the authors propose a methodology and mechanism proving that the successful solution of innovative directions of entrepreneurship development in the regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan can be developed on the basis of the PPP mechanism. The implementation of innovation policy based on this idea and position is impossible without joint and coordinated work of the state and business sectors at all stages of the innovation process. The authors have comprehensively studied the role of the mechanism of public-private partnership in the innovative development of entrepreneurship. In addition, the modern conditions, when the financial and economic crisis has aggravated in the Republic of Kazakhstan, in which there are problems in the development of PPP, considered in the article deeply and comprehensively, are taken into account. A high level of management of innovation processes in private entrepreneurial structures functioning on the basis of PPP is envisaged as a mechanism for activation of innovative development of the country.

THEORETICAL PRINCIPLES OF INFRASTRUCTURE MANAGEMENT OF OIL AND GAS ENTERPRISES BASED ON PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP

This article describes the concept of infrastructures, their economic description and analysis of the current situation in oil and gas enterprises, improving the mechanism of managing infrastructures of oil and gas enterprises, reducing the rate of natural losses in the supply, transportation, distribution and sale of natural gas, investment by foreign and domestic investors. implementation of innovative clusters to improve enterprises' competitiveness and scientific research aimed at improving management on the basis of public-private partnerships in order to reduce state subsidies to monopolistic enterprises is based on feasibility.

THE IMPACT OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE SERVICE SECTOR ON THE EMPLOYMENT AND REAL INCOME OF THE POPULATION

This article researches the ways of improvement of the efficiency of investment policy in the service sector, formation of investment funds in the service sector, investment methods and tools for the development of the service sector on the basis of public-private partnerships, the network structure of business entities in the service sector within the framework of the state investment strategy, mechanisms for determining their effectiveness, ways to ensure the participation of the private sector in the management and financing of socially significant strategic projects, some restrictions on the implementation of the public-private partnership mechanism, criteria for systemic identification and classification of public risks, as well as effective ways to implement the public-private partnership mechanism.

Cross-country analysis of the institutional support for public-private partnership

Subject. We consider the development of the public-private partnership system in Russia and foreign countries. Objectives. The purpose is to review effective models of public-private partnership that are widespread abroad, to assess the prospects for their implementation in Russia. Methods. The study employs methods of institutional and statistical analysis. Results. The study unveils a reference group of countries (Canada, France, Japan, the Republic of Korea), where successful institutional development of public-private partnership requires detailed study; formulates proposals to support public-private partnership in Russia at the national and regional levels. Conclusions. Success in the interaction of the public and commercial sectors in Russia depends on the development of by-laws for individual industries, in which projects are implemented on the basis of public-private partnership.

ІНСТИТУЦІЙНЕ СЕРЕДОВИЩЕ ФІНАНСОВОГО ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ СТАЛОГО РОЗВИТКУ ЕЛЕКТРОЕНЕРГЕТИЧНИХ КОМПАНІЙ

The article is devoted to the disclosure of issues, conditions, structures and directions for improving the institutional environment of financial support for the development of the energy sector. The aim of the research: is to determine directions for improving the institutional environment of financial support for the sustainable development of electric power companies under the conditions of implementing financial decisions regarding the attraction and effective use of financial resources and state financial support within the framework of the implementation of national priorities for the development of the electric power industry. The subject of the research: institutional environment and its impact on financial support for the sustainable development of electric power companies. The methods of the research: of scientific knowledge, method of generalization, comparison, logical – meaningful, methods of induction and deduction. The main hypothesis of the study is the assumption that the influence of the institutional environment on the financing of the sustainable development of electric power companies is manifested through legal support, state support (regulation, control, audit of restoration processes) of projects, the development of risk insurance mechanisms, the implementation of methods of optimal allocation of resources according to the priority of restoration programs , deepening the interaction of state institutions with electric power companies on the basis of public-private partnership. The statement of basic materials. On the basis of the analysis of the institutional environment and regulatory and legal support for the activity of energy enterprises, the problematic field of institutional issues in the field of state regulation of the activities of the subjects of the electric energy market and directions for their solution have been determined. The essence of the institutional environment is determined and its influence on financial support for the sustainable development of energy enterprises is demonstrated. The role of financial institutions in ensuring the sustainable development of public companies is shown. Based on the analysis of the state of financial support for the development of the energy sector of Ukraine, it was established that financial and credit institutions have a limited influence on the formation of financial resources of enterprises in the energy sector. Attention is focused on the need to implement international experience in financing the sustainable development of energy enterprises. The institutional conditions for financial support for the development of electric power companies are disclosed and restraining factors regarding the attraction of investment resources are identified. The characteristics of financing tools for the sustainable development of energy sector enterprises are given. It is proved that the institutional environment of market relations is directly a lever of influence on the reproductive processes of capital formation of energy enterprises. The directions for improving regulatory legislation, the state policy of financing the development of the energy sector in the context of the selection of mechanisms for stimulating the development of the electric power sector, including RES, and supporting the development of new technologies are substantiated; use of world experience. The originality and practical significance of the research: have proposals regarding the use of financing tools for the sustainable development of energy sector enterprises and the determination of directions for improving the state financing policy in the context of choosing mechanisms for stimulating the development of the electricity sector. Conclusions and perspectives of further research: The institutional influence on financial support for the development of the energy sector is manifested through: improvement of regulatory legislation in the context of creating favorable conditions for supporting the decarbonization of the Ukrainian economy and the post-war recovery of energy enterprises; state financial support for stimulating the participation of banks in the post-war restoration of ecological technologies, increasing the share of RES generation in the Ukrainian energy system; the development of mechanisms for the removal of tax restrictions (in particular, regarding gas rent and the ban on imports) and the creation of mechanisms for guaranteeing military risks; implementation of methods of optimal distribution of resources according to post-war reconstruction programs, taking into account their priority and strengthening of financial control, transparency regarding targeted use; creation of favorable conditions for lending, taking into account world practices. In order to achieve ecologically safe, socially oriented economic development, it is expedient to apply world experience and effective methods and forms of mobilization of financial resources in the field of electricity.

MODERN ECONOMIC PROBLEMS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF SINGLE-INDUSTRY TOWNS

The relevance of the study is determined by the fact that at present the problem of sustainable socio-economic development of single-industry towns is among the priorities of state policy. The world practice of the development of single-industry towns contains the experience of restructuring the economy on the basis of state and regional support measures. The key role in these events is played by the social orientation of the events. Unemployment insurance occupies an important place, the unemployed suffer from this, as well as working people with a low level of quality of life. The implementation of these programs is supported by the activities of public organizations, as well as local authorities and businesses, which, consolidating, jointly solve the problems of the city on the basis of public-private partnership. Many foreign examples show that those regions benefit, which, due to historical conditions and the well-being of the territory, were able to create a situation of investment and social attractiveness, ensuring the creation of competitive industrial zones. They also showed the need for a differentiated approach to solving these problems, taking into account the national, territorial and political characteristics of each city (locality). Currently, the development of single-industry towns is a complex problem in which social issues are inseparable from economic, legal, and political issues. The solution of this problem is necessary to unite the efforts of all levels of government, including public organizations, trade unions, as well as the direct interests of the population of single-industry towns.

СТРАХОВИЙ РИНОК УКРАЇНИ У ПЕРІОД ДІЇ ВОЄННОГО СТАНУ: ФІНАНСОВИЙ ТА МАРКЕТИНГОВИЙ АСПЕКТИ

The article focuses on the study of modern development trends of the insurance market of Ukraine with an emphasis on the period of martial law. The content of the concept of "insurance market" has been identified and approaches to the interpretation of its essence have been systematized. Theregula-tory basis for the regulation of the insurance market has been developed, in particular, the new Law of Ukraine "On Insurance". A new model of regulation of the NBU has been studied, taking into account the provisions of the European Union directives, the International Principles of the IAIS, and the best international practices. The main requirements of the NBU for the activities of insurance companies and the priority areas of supervision during the period of martial law have been systematized.An analysis of the state and trends in the development of the insurance market has been carried out, in particular: the number of insurance companies and registered insurance contracts, the structure of gross receipts of insurance payments (premiums, contributions), the dynamics of insurance premiums and insurance payments, as well as the costs of marketing insurers. It has been found that in the condi-tions of martial law, the approaches to analysis and the informativeness of the main indicators are being transformed. Indicators of operational activity, marketing costs, the level of capitalization of insurers (that is, the amount of own funds and insurance reserves) are particularly informative in determining market stability. The insurance market experienced the biggest decline at the end of the 1st quarter of 2022. Already by the end of 2022, insurance companies were able to adapt to new operating conditions and the situation stabilized. The main directions of changes in the marketing strategy of insurance com-panies have been determined.The challenges faced by the insurance market during the period of martial law (strengthening of regulatory requirements, coverage of war losses, fulfillment of obligations under voluntary health in-surance contracts, the NBU increased the amount of insurance sums under CMTPLI contracts, insur-ance for Ukrainians who went abroad, difficulties in planning further actions) have been systematized. Attention has been focused on finding ways to neutralize them, as well as on the creation of a compre-hensive system of insurance of military and political risks due to the creation of a special compensation fund or a pool at the state level with the involvement of funds from donors and insurers, including on the basis of public-private partnership.

��²�� �� ������� ����� ���ֲ ������� � ��в�� �Ϊ����� �����

An urgent issue is to conduct systematic studies of the education role in the Ukrainian labor market formation and functioning. The study�s purpose is to identify the existing prerequisites and determine directions for the educational sector development as one of the Ukrainian labor market defining subjects. For this, several complex tasks of a comparative analysis of Ukraine�s official statistical data in peace (2021) and war (2022) years are being solved. The general methodological orientation is to identify relative proportions, taking into account the martial law impact on the labor market and the statistical information reliability. Macroeconomic indicators of the Ukraine labor market are studied by the methods of structural and diversified intersectional comparison and statistical analysis of stochastic dependencies under uncertain conditions. Theoretical generalizations of changes in macroeconomic indicators and the interpretation for the future are based on the results of the structural-dynamic analysis. Under martial law, there was a reduction in supply and demand by almost 2 times against the backdrop of a significant increase in market imbalance. According to the results of the statistical data processing, the direction and form of education activation as a catalyst for the recovery and development of the economy of Ukraine are proposed. The initial direction in the current Ukraine labor market is to use the education potential to eliminate the jobs lacking. Providing knowledge to the unemployed to fill existing vacancies remains the education prerogative. The form of implementation of these directions is the diversification of education on the basis of public-private partnerships. The public-private institutional field appropriate adjustment in the form of training and qualification complexes (primarily in the vocational education area) is a step toward the public-private partnerships introduction in other economic sectors. Further research should be focused on finding ways to activate education as the labor market subject of forming quantitative and qualitative parameters. For example, in relation to the required and available qualifications of the unemployed, working conditions, and the level of remuneration.

ИЖТИМОИЙ СОҲАДА ДАВЛАТ-ХУСУСИЙ ШЕРИКЛИК АМАЛИЁТИДАН ФОЙДАЛАНИШ

This article examines the socio-economic nature of public-private partnership and the specific features of the public-private partnership system in foreign countries. In the Republic of Uzbekistan, the organization of the financing mechanism of budget organizations of the financing mechanism of budget organizations belonging to the social sphere on the basis of public-private partnership is explained

IMPROVEMENT OF INFORMATION AND ANALYTICAL SUPPORT FOR MANAGEMENT OF PRODUCTION EFFICIENCY IN DAIRY CATTLE BREEDING

Introduction. The development of market relations in the agrarian sphere, the accession of Ukraine to the World Trade Organization and the emergence of certain risks for agricultural enterprises necessitate the creation of such an information system that would ensure the receipt of reliable and operational information for the adoption of timely management decisions by the management in order to increase the efficiency of milk production and sale in agricultural enterprises. Under these conditions, management accounting is an important tool for managing agribusiness and improving its quality. Methods. The dialectical method is used to clarify and deepen the content of concepts in the field of information and accounting support for the management of production efficiency in dairy cattle breeding. Analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, abstraction, idealization and generalization as general logical methods of scientific knowledge are used to develop the provisions of methodology and praxeomethodology of accounting in dairy farming. The results. It has been proven that in order to improve the efficiency of production management in dairy farming, the system of budgeting and cost control should also be improved. At enterprises specializing in milk production, the cost budget includes all costs for keeping cows and raising heifers for the main herd. Internal reporting forms are proposed for displaying regulatory accounting data by responsibility centers. In particular, the "Report on the calculation of deviations in dairy farming" has been developed, which displays deviations from the norms not taken into account in the primary documents, which will make it possible to conduct an operational analysis of the detected deviations. Discussion. In the conditions of the post-war stage of agricultural development, which will be characterized by the diversification of production, the priority direction of activity of most farms in the corporate sector of the agrarian economy will be dairy farming. In this connection, the role of information and accounting support for the development of the above-mentioned branch of the agrarian economy will be strengthened, the financing of which will be carried out on the basis of public-private partnership. Keywords: information and analytical support, accounting, dairy farming, agricultural enterprise, efficiency.

Logistics distribution centers as a tool for attracting small agricultural producers in agri-food supply chains

It is proved that modern logistics distribution centers play an important role in the formation of added value in agri-food supply chains and the inclusion of small agricultural producers in competitive supply chains. The classification of logistics centers are carried out and approaches to their definition are systematized. The stages of evolution of sales and distribution of agricultural products on the basis of cooperation, logistics distribution centers are analyzed and the conclusion on the need to create such centers in the sale of agricultural products is made. The foreign practice of creation of logistic distribution centers of agricultural products is generalized, and also criteria of their characteristic are allocated. It is argued that the main purpose of creating logistics distribution centers for agricultural products is to establish economic partnerships between producers and consumers, reduce transaction costs, create conditions for the inclusion of small producers in competitive supply chains, ensuring transparency of food, quality and safety. It is proposed to consider the logistics distribution center of agricultural products and food as an object of providing comprehensive logistics services and coordination of transportation, finishing (drying, sorting, etc.), storage, sales, as well as support for financial, customs operations, marketing research, providing information support, etc. The factors hindering the inclusion of small producers in agri-food supply chains are systematized, and the requirements of retail chains for the supply of agricultural products are highlighted, which highlights the existing difficulties that can be solved by creating logistics distribution centers. Models of formation of logistics centers are considered and the formation of a logistics distribution center of agricultural products on the basis of public-private partnership is substantiated, which unites in one chain all logistics, production processes, as well as sales, including and commodity exchange. Key words: logistics distribution center, agri-food supply chains, small producers, logistics services.

Ethnocultural Aspects of Improving the Tourist Support of Medical Tourism

The subject of the study is the main and background institutional factors of medical tourism. It is proved that the background factors are, among other things, a complex of ethno-cultural components, the inclusion of which in the practice of the phenomenon can significantly increase the attractiveness of the host territory. Special attention is paid to such a factor as the ethno-cultural preparation of a medical tourist to stay in a different environment in terms of social interaction. The importance of the proposed approach in all types and forms of medical tourism is emphasized: health/medical, inbound, outbound, domestic (taking into account the polyethnicity of our country). The conducted sociological measurements (focus group discussions, mass survey) showed that such work with patients is not carried out. Health and wellness practices include the interaction of two social groups – the patient and the medical staff. In the case of medical tourism, the second of the groups is differentiated into two subgroups – medical personnel and specialists of the tourism industry. It is established that there is no unified scheme for ensuring the process at the level of collegial interaction of these two subgroups at all. The novelty of the research consists in actualizing this contradiction and substantiating the expediency of ethno-cultural preparation of a medical tourist to stay in a different environment in terms of social interaction in the context of multiculturalism. The author of the article comes to the conclusion that it is necessary to create an expert formation at the regional level, which could ensure the complexity of the interaction of both subgroups on the basis of public-private partnership and achieve a more capacious inclusion of the ethnocultural potential of the territory in the medical product. This poses the task of additional training of tourist specialists specifically for medical tourism - to work with patients in the direction of familiarizing them with the ethnocultural features of the receiving locus and with variants of models of interaction between a doctor and a patient.

ORGANIZATION OF LEISURE ACTIVITIES FOR CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL EDUCATIONAL NEEDS IN EXTRACURRICULAR EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS OF THE END OF THE XX - FIRST QUARTER OF THE XXI CENTURY

The article considers the organizational aspects of leisure activities for children with special educational needs in extracurricular educational institutions during the independence of Ukraine. Based on the analysis of legal documents, review of scientific works of this period, practical experience of activities in the field of extracurricular education, a vision of the content, forms and types of work with the younger generation is formulated. The content of the organization of leisure activities is revealed through a set of principles and functions. The most important principles of organization are the principles of consistency; systematicity; voluntariness; differentiation; availability and quality of leisure services; compliance of leisure services with local conditions; interest; unity of reaction and cognition; common activities; individualization; interdisciplinarity; practicality; visualizations, etc. The main functions of the organization of leisure activities are recreational and entertainment; cognitive and developmental; socially adaptive; communicative; information and educational; game; educational; value-oriented; creative, etc. The characteristics of the organizational structure of management and state regulation of the system of extracurricular educational institutions at different levels of government and taking into account industry characteristics and types of institutions are given. Some extracurricular educational institutions include education, culture and art, physical education and sports, tourism and local lore, health and recreation. It is revealed that the interaction of institutions and establishments of different levels of management of extracurricular education, pupils, parents, pedagogical collectives, separate teachers-organizers is carried out on the basis of partnership. The draft Law of Ukraine on Amendments to Some Laws of Ukraine of April 29, 2021, which proposes a corporate form of ownership, which provides for the conclusion of an agreement between several founders of different forms of ownership on the basis of public-private partnership. It was found that the corporate form of ownership will be able to increase funding for extracurricular educational institutions and improve their resources. It is concluded that the modern system of leisure work in extracurricular education includes extracurricular and extracurricular activities in educational institutions, palaces, centers, houses, libraries, stadiums, theaters, museums, which have permanent clubs, groups, sections, clubs, studios and others. creative associations.

Strategies for financing infrastructure projects in the sphere of public-private partnership

Purpose. Coverage and systematization of the main approaches to the development of strategies for financing infrastructure projects in the field of public-private partnership, in particular, in the construction sector of Ukraines economy. Methodology. The methodological basis of the article are scientific publications, regulations of Ukraine, analytical reports of world financial institutions, Internet resources. The research used a systematic approach, methods of analysis and synthesis, comparison and logical generalization. Findings. The most acceptable models of financing infrastructure projects and creating conditions for attracting private capital on the basis of public-private partnership in Ukraine are identified. Originality. The work analyzes the classification of projects according to the type of source of cost financing, summarizes the experience in building contract models for their financing, explores the most common tools for financing infrastructure projects, identifies the provisions on which project financing is based, and finds out what underlies it. Practical value. The results of the study can be useful for public authorities, which should encourage private partners to participate in long-term projects. The research may be of interest to businesses that are potential investors in public-private partnership projects.

Foreign experience in tourism development management based on the public-private partnership mechanism

The tourism industry makes a significant contribution to the socio-economic development of many countries of the world, due to its role in expanding the economic base, increasing foreign exchange earnings, developing small and medium-sized businesses, providing employment opportunities and improving the living standards of the population. The development of the tourism industry can be facilitated by its management on the basis of public-private partnerships. This form of cooperation helps to accelerate the solution of the country's strategic tasks, bringing significant social benefits to local communities. The purpose of the research was to study various forms of interaction between the state and business to solve the problems of developing the tourism industry in order to identify the optimal mechanism for public-private partnership for the development of the tourism industry in Kazakhstan. The paper studied the theoretical and methodological aspects and foreign experience in the formation and implementation of the mechanism of public-private partnership in the field of tourism. The article provides a comprehensive analysis of foreign experience in the creation, promotion and management of projects in the tourism industry on the principles of public-private partnership. The practical value is that the results of the study can be used in the development of state and regional programs for the development of the tourism industry in Kazakhstan.