Basic Computer Research Articles

Pelatihan Membuat Diagram Alir Data Menggunakan Microsoft Word di SMAN 1 Praya Tengah

Microsoft office is software that should be mastered by students at the junior and senior high school levels. However, students in this area still do not understand and master the use of the software. Departing from the problems experienced by the younger generation, Microsoft Office introduction and training activities were held to create flowcharts to improve basic computer skills for teenagers. The training was carried out directly at the Computer Laboratory of SMAN 1 Praya Tengah. There were 100 participants in the training and they came from class X. From this material, students were able to get to know the methods for making flowcharts using Microsoft Word. Based on the results after the training during the PKM activities took place, it showed that it was almost 100%. This is evidenced by the very good response and giving a positive assessment of the training provided which reached 66.7%, the implementation of the training reached 75%, and the material stimulus in the training reached 66.7%.

FROM EXPERIENCE-BASED TO KNOWLEDGE-DRIVEN DESIGN: A CASE STUDY OF A 3D-PRINTED PRODUCT

AbstractIn this paper, a case study of a redesign process for 3D-printed parts has been analysed. The purpose was to compare the implementation of specialist knowledge in hands-on engineering tasks with the previous experience-based approach. Here, specialist knowledge refers to systematic experimental work as a basis for Computer Aided Engineering (CAE). The case involves a set of compliant arms for an oil extraction device developed by a start-up company. Tensile tests of 3D printed dog-bone were performed to characterise the Young's modulus, tensile strength, and orthotropic behaviour of the material to build a material model based on Finite Element Analysis (FEA). With the material characteristics and three simple tests to estimate the optimisation constraints, the existing solution was disproven. Then, new solution candidates were generated and evaluated with input from the start-up company. The process resulted in a feasible solution as well as a reduction of maximum stress from 54MPa to 20MPa. The case highlights the value of specialist knowledge for characterisation of new technologies and design space constraints to reduce and improve iterations to solve a practical design problem.

Total Synthesis and Absolute Configuration Determination of the α-Glycosidase Inhibitor (3S,4R)-6-Acetyl-3-hydroxy-2,2-dimethylchroman-4-yl (Z)-2-Methylbut-2-enoate from Ageratina grandifolia.

Herein, we report the first total synthesis of α-glycosidase inhibitor (3R, 4S)-6-acetyl-3-hydroxy-2,2-dimethylchroman-4-yl (Z)-2-methylbut-2-enoate as well as its enantiomer. Our synthesis confirms the chromane structure separately proposed by Navarro-Vazquez and Mata, on the basis of DFT computations. Furthermore, our synthesis allowed us to determine the absolute configuration of the natural compound as (3S, 4R) and not (3R, 4S).

PELATIHAN ONLINE KARYAWAN INDUSTRI OTOMOTIF: KESIAPAN DIRI BERDASARKAN PERSPEKTIF CALON PESERTA

Currently, in response to rapid developments, many automotive industries are holding retraining for employees through online training. However, it is necessary to know the readiness of employees to participate. Therefore, this study aims to determine the profile of employee readiness to take part in online training in terms of various aspects. This research was conducted through a survey method. This data was obtained through online questionnaire on 89 employees. Proof of the validity of the instrument is done through content and construct validity. Data analysis used descriptive statistics and comparative tests. The results show that: First, the readiness of employees can be seen from aspects of basic computer skills, self-management, self-control, and willingness to learn. Second, the average readiness of employees is in the "very high" category. The online training readiness of employees is not significantly different from variations of respondents, both in terms of gender, age, training experience, length of work, and position in the workplace. Thus, the employees are ready to take online training in terms of their independent learning abilities.

Peningkatan Keaktifan dan Hasil Belajar Pelajaran Komputer Jaringan Dasar Menggunakan Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning

The level of activity and learning outcomes of students in Basic Network Computer learning for class X TKJ SMK Negeri 1 Pleret has not been as expected. This study aims to determine the increase in the activity and learning outcomes of Computers and Basic Networks through problem-based learning models which include psychomotor aspects or skills, cognitive or knowledge, and affective or attitude aspects. Class action research will be carried out in two cycles where each cycle consists of four stages, namely planning, action, observation and reflection. The subjects of this study were students of class X TKJ especially class X TKJ A for the 2019-2020 academic year which consisted of 37 students, consisting of 33 boys and 4 girls. Data collection techniques were carried out using written tests and observations, as well as analysis of quantitative and qualitative descriptive data. The results of this class action research showed that the learning outcomes of students in pre-cycle obtained a complete percentage of 40.5%, cycle I obtained a complete percentage of 43.24%, and in cycle II obtained a complete percentage of 81.08%. Increased activity and learning outcomes are indicated by an increase in the percentage of pre-cycle completeness to cycle I by 6.7% and from cycle I to cycle II an increase in the percentage of completeness by 87.5% Based on research results show that learning with the problem based learning model can increase activity and results learn computer network basic learners.

Comparison of two software programs used to determine the relative supersaturation of urine ions.

Relative supersaturation (RSS) values for urine crystals are a measure of the risk of urinary stone formation and have been shown to be lowered in foods shown to aid in the management of urolithiasis. In order to calculate RSS in pets, computer programs have been developed to calculate RSS and aid in the understanding of stone formation in veterinary medicine. However, some older programs have not been updated for use in animals, and the specific coefficients used are not publically available. One of the first RSS programs was developed in BASIC computer language and published in 1985 which was called EQUIL2. The EQUIL2 program was updated to a compiled version compatible with a PC platform. However, the formulas could not be read or altered. This study evaluates a new program with known coefficients to the original EQUIL2 program. The RSS values of the two programs were compared through a t-test, calculating the r2 from correlation analysis, Lin's concordance correlation coefficient, and by a Bland-Altman analysis of outputs from the two programs using urine samples from healthy dogs and cats. Our results show that for both magnesium ammonium phosphate (struvite) and calcium oxalate, the RSS values of the original program could be calculated from the new programs RSS values. Although the actual RSS values were different (as might be expected through the use of the updated coefficients and different thermodynamic stability constants in the calculations) the results were highly correlated, finding elevations and reductions in RSS proportionally in the same urine samples. The current work creates a foundation for using the modernized program to calculate RSS and provides a shared method for understanding the risk of struvite and calcium oxalate stone formation.

MIRD Pamphlet No. 28, Part 2: Comparative Evaluation of MIRDcalc Dosimetry Software Across a Compendium of Diagnostic Radiopharmaceuticals.

Radiopharmaceutical dosimetry is usually estimated via organ-level MIRD schema-style formalisms, which form the computational basis for commonly used clinical and research dosimetry software. Recently, MIRDcalc internal dosimetry software was developed to provide a freely available organ-level dosimetry solution that incorporates up-to-date models of human anatomy, addresses uncertainty in radiopharmaceutical biokinetics and patient organ masses, and offers a 1-screen user interface as well as quality assurance tools. The present work describes the validation of MIRDcalc and, secondarily, provides a compendium of radiopharmaceutical dose coefficients obtained with MIRDcalc. Biokinetic data for about 70 currently and historically used radiopharmaceuticals were obtained from the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) publication 128 radiopharmaceutical data compendium. Absorbed dose and effective dose coefficients were derived from the biokinetic datasets using MIRDcalc, IDAC-Dose, and OLINDA software. The dose coefficients obtained with MIRDcalc were systematically compared against the other software-derived dose coefficients and those originally presented in ICRP publication 128. Dose coefficients computed with MIRDcalc and IDAC-Dose showed excellent overall agreement. The dose coefficients derived from other software and the dose coefficients promulgated in ICRP publication 128 both were in reasonable agreement with the dose coefficients computed with MIRDcalc. Future work should expand the scope of the validation to include personalized dosimetry calculations.

PEDAGOGICAL CONDITIONS OF CREATING PODCASTS AS A MEANS OF DEVELOPING LANGUAGE

Research problem. Most of the podcasts were created by native speakers in the countries of the language being studied, therefore, they not only represent the sociocultural reality of the country of the language being studied and demonstrate a combination of verbal and non-verbal codes of foreign language communication, but also contain information related to the professional activities of future specialists and show the functioning of the language as a means of professional communication. Methodology, methods and techniques: analysis of literary sources on the problem of pedagogical conditions for the creation of podcasts that help future guides get settled, more likely to integrate into a society with a market economy, consciously andfully learn the culture of other peoples, better understand world problems. Results: competence in the field of media. To work with podcasts, basic computer skills must be formed: the ability to download files from the Internet, edit and recode if necessary.

Educational Game-Based Learning Media to Grow Learning Motivation in Computer and Basic Network Subjects in Vocational High Schools

The use of technology in the learning process requires educators to be able to adapt to technology in the learning process. Based on the observations that have been made, in the Subject of Computers and the basic network of computer assembly shows that students are less motivated. To foster motivation to study computer assembly material, media was developed to discuss basic competencies regarding computer assembly tools. Researchers make Educational Game-Based Learning Media as Learning Media that adapts to digital technology. This media has many advantages, including being easy to operate, not limited by distance and space, not boring, and easy to understand. The purpose of this development research is to develop and determine the feasibility of Educational Game-based learning media to foster motivation to learn basic subjects of Computers and Networks in TKJ. The research and development method used is Design Thinking with the following stages: 1) Empathize; 2) Define; 3) idea; 4) Prototype; 5) Test. The types of instruments used are game test questionnaires and student learning motivation tests. The type of data in this study is quantitative and quantitative with data collection methods using questionnaires. The results of the research and development carried out produced educational game learning media for computer subjects and basic network computer assembly materials. Feasibility analysis on material validation 96.45%, media expert validation 96.46%, product trial 84.23%, and learning motivation test 84.38%. Based on the results of the feasibility analysis of Educational Game learning media it is said to be "Valid" or Decent Enough. The results of the analysis of learning motivation are said to be high and can foster learning motivation. It can be concluded that Educational Game learning media can be used as a complement to the learning process and can foster student learning motivation.

Classical verification of quantum measurement for the computational basis and the XY -plane basis

Recent advances in quantum technologies raise the urgent need of verifying the correct functionality of a quantum device. Certifying the correctness of a quantum device in a fully classical manner is an important research branch. In this paper, we present a measurement protocol that allows a classical verifier to interact with an efficient quantum prover to verify the computational basis or the $XY$-plane basis measurement on a quantum state. With the help of two adaptive hardcore bit properties of a noisy trapdoor claw-free family, the security of measurement protocol is proved, which is under quantum hardness of the learning with error. The security characterizes the distance between the output distribution of measurement protocol and the distribution obtained by measuring certain quantum states in the designated basis, with or without the presence of honest behavior of the prover. Moreover, exploiting the measurement protocol, we present two device-noise-independent verification protocols of graph states and a classical verification protocol of delegated quantum computing whose soundness is 0.5757.

A Study on Capacity of Rural Social Enterprise Needs to be Unlocked

Purpose: This article argues that social entrepreneurship can help rejuvenate rural towns by increasing long-term growth in the economy, reversing the degradation of public services, while bring people together. Based on a survey of the relevant academic and policy literature, the study constructs a computational basis that provides insight into how social enterprises may contribute to rural rejuvenation. Theoretical framework: In order to realize the potential of underpopulated social enterprise, we may need to move beyond conventional regulatory silo systems that classify economic growth, community cohesiveness, and public services as wholly separate and unrelated. With regards to government regulation, social enterprises can't just "grow up" and reap the benefits of economies of scale by themselves. Partnerships between groups of innovators or between socially-minded businesses and government agencies have the potential to create economies of scope through the sharing of resources and the pooling of expertise, all while fostering strong confidence relationships within communities through the use of identifiers and the integration of services. Design/methodology/approach: An extensive research design (Sayer, 1992) that includes three in-depth exploratory studies of social enterprises situated in rural regions has been pursued due to the paucity of prior research on the topic under study. This study used a mix of methods for gathering qualitative data. Findings: Based on our findings, we argue that social businesses can facilitate coordinated community action in response to issues. Additionally, these organisations' participation in and blending of market, redistribution, and reciprocity connections is shown in our findings, demonstrating their "constructive diversity." Research, Practical & Social implications: The company's products and services can be adapted to better meet the needs of those located in outlying areas. Many of the difficulties and requirements in rural regions may be turned into openings for the growth of social enterprises with the right kind of direction and assistance. Originality/Value: This study sheds light on the information gaps that, when filled, could help rural social entrepreneurs realize their full potential by clarifying the obstacles and openings they confront.

Uncertainty in learning and decision-making: Introduction to the special issue.

Uncertainty is a fundamental aspect of the environment. This special issue presents interdisciplinary research on decision-making and learning under uncertainty. Thirty-one research and review papers report the findings of the behavioral, neural, and computational bases of coping with uncertainty, as well as changes of these mechanisms in development, aging, and psychopathology. Taken together, this special issue presents extant research, identifies gaps in our knowledge, and offers paths for future directions.

Solving independent set problems with photonic quantum circuits

An independent set (IS) is a set of vertices in a graph such that no edge connects any two vertices. In adiabatic quantum computation [E. Farhi, et al., Science 292, 472-475 (2001); A. Das, B. K. Chakrabarti, Rev. Mod. Phys. 80, 1061-1081 (2008)], a given graph G(V, E) can be naturally mapped onto a many-body Hamiltonian [Formula: see text], with edges [Formula: see text] being the two-body interactions between adjacent vertices [Formula: see text]. Thus, solving the IS problem is equivalent to finding all the computational basis ground states of [Formula: see text]. Very recently, non-Abelian adiabatic mixing (NAAM) has been proposed to address this task, exploiting an emergent non-Abelian gauge symmetry of [Formula: see text] [B. Wu, H. Yu, F. Wilczek, Phys. Rev. A 101, 012318 (2020)]. Here, we solve a representative IS problem [Formula: see text] by simulating the NAAM digitally using a linear optical quantum network, consisting of three C-Phase gates, four deterministic two-qubit gate arrays (DGA), and ten single rotation gates. The maximum IS has been successfully identified with sufficient Trotterization steps and a carefully chosen evolution path. Remarkably, we find IS with a total probability of 0.875(16), among which the nontrivial ones have a considerable weight of about 31.4%. Our experiment demonstrates the potential advantage of NAAM for solving IS-equivalent problems.

Concentration bounds for quantum states and limitations on the QAOA from polynomial approximations

We prove concentration bounds for the following classes of quantum states: (i) output states of shallow quantum circuits, answering an open question from \cite{DMRF22}; (ii) injective matrix product states; (iii) output states of dense Hamiltonian evolution, i.e. states of the form eιH(p)⋯eιH(1)|ψ0⟩ for any n-qubit product state |ψ0⟩, where each H(i) can be any local commuting Hamiltonian satisfying a norm constraint, including dense Hamiltonians with interactions between any qubits. Our proofs use polynomial approximations to show that these states are close to local operators. This implies that the distribution of the Hamming weight of a computational basis measurement (and of other related observables) concentrates.An example of (iii) are the states produced by the quantum approximate optimisation algorithm (QAOA). Using our concentration results for these states, we show that for a random spin model, the QAOA can only succeed with negligible probability even at super-constant level p=o(log⁡log⁡n), assuming a strengthened version of the so-called overlap gap property. This gives the first limitations on the QAOA on dense instances at super-constant level, improving upon the recent result [BGMZ22].

Post-selection-free preparation of high-quality physical qubits

Rapidly improving gate fidelities for coherent operations mean that errors in state preparation and measurement (SPAM) may become a dominant source of error for fault-tolerant operation of quantum computers. This is particularly acute in superconducting systems, where tradeoffs in measurement fidelity and qubit lifetimes have limited overall performance. Fortunately, the essentially classical nature of preparation and measurement enables a wide variety of techniques for improving quality using auxiliary qubits combined with classical control and post-selection. In practice, however, post-selection greatly complicates the scheduling of processes such as syndrome extraction. Here we present a family of quantum circuits that prepare high-quality |0⟩ states without post-selection, instead using CNOT and Toffoli gates to non-linearly permute the computational basis. We find meaningful performance enhancements when two-qubit gate fidelities errors go below 0.2%, and even better performance when native Toffoli gates are available.

Mechanistic understanding on effect of doping nitrogen with graphene supported single-atom Fe toward electrochemical CO2 reduction: A computational consideration

In this study, we constructed single-atom Fe materials (Fe-Nx-Cyv) as the electrocatalysts for CO2 electrochemical reduction reaction (CO2ERR) and examined the reduction mechanisms on the basis of periodic density functional theory computations. The adsorption strength of HCOO* and COOH* species is found to play an important role for CO2ERR. The formation of HCOO* on the Fe-C1v, Fe-N3-C1v, and Fe-C2v catalysts is much preferred than the COOH* formation resulting in the production of CH4 with limiting potentials of −0.41 V for the potential-determining step (PDS) of HCOOH* → H2COOH* on the Fe-C1v, −0.63 V for the PDS of HCO* → H2CO* on the Fe-N3-C1v, and −0.68 V for the PDS of H3CO* → O* + CH4(g) on the Fe-C2v. While the COOH* formation on the Fe-N4-C2v catalyst becomes more favorable leading to the production of CO with a limiting potential of −0.20 V for the PDS of CO2 → COOH*. In addition, nitrogen doping effect on the adsorption of important intermediates are also investigated. It is found that the adsorption of CO* and COOH* is enhanced that facilitates CO generation of CO2ERR on the Fe-N4-C2v. Therefore, Fe-N4-C2v materials is a promising single-atom catalyst for CO2 electro-reduction to CO.

Torsion Geometry 5-Fold Symmetry, Anholonomic Phases, Klein Bottle Logophysics, Chaos, Resonance: Applications Towards a Novel Paradigm for the Neurosciences and Consciousness

Torsion Geometry 5-Fold Symmetry, Anholonomic Phases, Klein Bottle Logophysics, Chaos, Resonance: Applications Towards a Novel Paradigm for the Neurosciences and Consciousness

Investigating the Effect of Binary Gender Preferences on Computational Thinking Skills

The Computer Science industry suffers from a vivid gender gap. To understand this gap, Computational Thinking skills in Computer Science education are analyzed by binary gender roles using block-based programming languages such as Scratch since they are intuitive for beginners. Platforms such as Dr. Scratch, aid learners in improving their coding skills by earning a Computational Thinking score while supporting effective assessments of students' projects and fostering basic computer programming. Although previous studies have examined gender differences using Scratch programs, few have analyzed the Scratch project type's impact on the evaluation process when comparing genders. Herein, the influence of project type is analyzed using instances of 124 (62 male, 62 female) projects on the Scratch website. Initially, projects were categorized based on the user's gender and project type. Hypothetical testing of each case shows that the scoring system has a bias based on the project type. As gender differences appear by project type, the project type may significantly affect the gender gap in Computational Thinking scores. This study demonstrates the importance of incorporating the project type's effect into the Scratch projects' evaluation process when assessing gender differences.

Efficient quantum simulation of electron-phonon systems by variational basis state encoder

Digital quantum simulation of electron-phonon systems requires truncating infinite phonon levels into $N$ basis states and then encoding them with qubit computational basis. Unary encoding and binary encoding are the two most representative encoding schemes, which demand $O(N)$ and $O(logN)$ qubits as well as $O(N)$ and $O(NlogN)$ quantum gates, respectively. In this paper, we propose a variational basis state encoding algorithm that reduces the scaling of the number of qubits and quantum gates to both $O(1)$ for systems obeying the area law of entanglement entropy. The cost for the scaling reduction is a constant amount of additional measurement. The accuracy and efficiency of the approach are verified by both numerical simulation and realistic quantum hardware experiments. In particular, we find using one or two qubits for each phonon mode is sufficient to produce quantitatively correct results across weak and strong coupling regimes. Our approach paves the way for practical quantum simulation of electron-phonon systems on both near-term hardware and error-corrected quantum computers.

Revolutionizing Basic Computer and Networking Education: An Android-Based E-Module Study at Vocational High School

A new subject added to the 2013 curriculum in computer engineering and networking prompted teachers to search for engaging teaching materials. This study aimed to develop an Android-based e-module for the basic computer and networking subject in the X grade of SMK Ar-Roudhoh and assess its suitability. Research and Development method using the ADDIE model was employed, with data collected through observation, questionnaires, and validation tests by media and subject matter expert teachers. An interactive Android-based e-module was developed and met the validity criteria. The media expert validator gave a score of 81.25%, and the subject matter expert validator gave a score of 80%, both in the acceptable category with revisions. The e-module is suitable as a teaching material for the basic computer and networking subject.
 Highlights:
 1. The study aimed to develop an Android-based e-module for the basic computer and networking subject in the X grade of SMK Ar-Roudhoh and assess its suitability.
 2. Research and Development method using the ADDIE model was employed, with data collected through observation, questionnaires, and validation tests by media and subject matter expert teachers.
 3. The interactive Android-based e-module was developed and met the validity criteria. The e-module is suitable as a teaching material for the basic computer and networking subject.