Basic Subjects Research Articles

Facts and Assertiveness in the Direction of Elementary Skills Between Medicinal Apprentices Joined in Medical Eons in Cloistered Therapeutic Institutions

Background: To make basic sciences easy and accessible to enhance their clinical importance. Objective: basic sciences in medical education have a pivotal role in forming foundation of a medical students. However, students have become disinterested because of the inaccessibility of the study system and methods. Through this study, an attempt was made to highlight this problem and find a suitable solution. Material and Methods: Data were collected from 265 students. Data were collected using a questionnaire that was analyzed using SPSS version 20 (IBM, Chicago, IL, USA). Descriptive statistics were used for categorical and quantitative variables. The total scores on each subscale pertaining to basic science subjects, anatomy, physiology, and biochemistry were calculated. Results: Medical students reported mixed responses on the clinical significance of anatomy (moderate) and physiology (low to moderate), while biochemistry was reported to be the most clinically useful. More than 50% of the respondents considered the syllabus of the basic medical sciences to be vast, in contrast to their limited clinical usefulness. Traditional teaching of basic medical sciences as individual disciplines, unrelated to each other and other clinical subjects (7), made them very difficult to recall and applicable in clinical years of the students, included in our survey Conclusion: The majority of the respondents in our study were of the view that the knowledge of basic medical sciences is very important in order to become a good clinician, but the majority also thought that only working knowledge of these subjects is required in clinical years. Therefore, there is no need for deeper understanding of structures and functions.

Using case-based learning supported by role-playing situational teaching method in endocrine physiology education.

Embedding clinically relevant learning experience in basic science subjects is desired for the preclinical phase of undergraduate medical education. The present study aimed to modify case-based learning (CBL) with a role-playing situational teaching method and assess the student feedback and learning effect. One hundred seventy-six sophomore students majoring in clinical medicine from Harbin Medical University were randomly divided into two groups: the control group (n = 90), who received traditional hybrid teaching, and the experimental group (n = 86), who received the role-playing situational teaching. Students in the experimental group were given a 1-wk preclass preparation to dramatize a hyperthyroidism scenario through online autonomous learning of thyroid physiology and performed the patient's consultation process in class, followed by a student presentation about key points of lecture content and a question-driven discussion. A posttest and questionnaire survey were conducted after class. The test scores of the two groups had no statistical differences, whereas the rate of excellence (high scores) of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group. Furthermore, the record of online self-directed learning engagements was significantly improved in the experimental group. In the questionnaire, >70% of the students showed positive attitudes toward the role-playing situational teaching method and were willing to participate in other chapters of the physiology course. Such results show that CBL supported by a role-playing situational teaching method encourages active learning and improves the application of basic knowledge of physiology, which can be incorporated in the preclinical curricula to bridge the gap between theory and practice.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Formal application through structured role-play is often overlooked in physiology education. In traditional case-based learning (CBL), clinical cases are the subject and unfocused discussion often occurs. The present study aimed to modify CBL with a role-playing situational teaching method and assess the student feedback and learning effect. The results show that the new teaching model encourages active learning and improves the application of basic knowledge of physiology.

Personal valuation of Chinese language for social functions among senior high school learners

In recent decades, the Chinese language experienced an increase in educational demand, which calls the academic institutions to integrate basic Chinese language subjects into their curriculum. The spike in Chinese language use resulted in the expansion of language studies focusing on Chinese as a second and foreign language. Given the broad scope of research in Chinese language learning, there was a need to expand the understanding of the personal valuation of the learners in learning the Chinese language. Hence, this study aimed to assess the extent of the subjective valuation of Filipino students in the Chinese language, particularly for social functions. An exploratory approach was carried out to extract narrative data from the study participants. Eight secondary students were interviewed on the personal valuation of the Chinese language within social functions. The findings demonstrated that the Chinese language was commonly used within social instances for specific sociocultural and psycholinguistic patterns. The participants valued the use of the Chinese language because of its instrumentality in their future careers; it enabled them to be culturally sensitive and engaged in sociocultural communication. Theoretical analysis also highlighted that language socialization became a major driving force in language learning. Language socialization encompassed learning beyond academic purposes while underscoring the need for social interaction and interpersonal orientation. Nevertheless, personal valuations reflected learners' beliefs towards the instrumentality of the Chinese language, especially in social functions.

Development of Scrapbook Learning Media in Basic Culinary Subjects at SMK Negeri 3 Padang

This research is motivated by the use of an merdeka curriculum which gives schools and teachers the authority to carry out learning using practicums or not, as well as variations in learning media which are still lacking in Culinary Basics subjects which have an influence on student learning outcomes. The aim of this research is to analyze the validity of Scrapbook learning media and the practicality of Scrapbook learning media during the learning process. This type of research is research and development (RnD). The product trial subjects were lecturers on learning media and basic culinary arts, teachers of basic culinary subjects and X Culinary students at SMK Negeri 3 Padang. The research data analysis technique is the Aiken's V formula and the practicality value is analyzed descriptively. The research results obtained were validation of media development by media and material experts of 0.77 which was declared valid and 0.89 which was declared very valid. The practicality of using Scrapbook learning media by basic culinary subject teachers and Culinary X students is 90% with very practical criteria.

Development of Basic Mathematics Modules Based on Professional Competencies

The low ability to understand mathematical concepts affects the learning outcomes of information systems study program students in basic mathematics courses. This is because basic mathematics courses tend to be disliked by the YPTK information systems study program students at Putra Indonesia University in Padang. After all, they consider basic mathematics courses do not significantly contribute to their field of expertise. Students prefer courses that suit their area of ​​expertise. Basic mathematics is an abstract subject and is a difficult subject. Students have difficulty applying mathematical concepts to solve problems. The learning module is a basic mathematics module based on professional competence. This basic mathematics module connects basic mathematics subject matter with subject matter in the field of expertise, namely information systems. This research aims to produce a basic mathematics module based on professional competence in the information systems study program at Putra Indonesia University YPTK Padang. This type of research is development research(R&D). The stages in developing this basic mathematics module are the development stages proposed by Plomp. This research carried out a preliminary research stage. Experts carry out product validation. Our instrument is a validation sheet with a Likert scale. The results of the expert validation analysis from aspects of presentation/dictates, suitability of content, language, and graphics obtained an average of 3.39 with a very valid category, which means that the basic mathematics module based on professional competence is suitable for use in basic subjects. Mathematics learning.

A Comparative Study Regarding Career Perspectives of Intern Doctors in Government & Private Medical College Hospitals of Bangladesh

The medical carrier chosen by intern doctors as their careers is an important determinant of the future supply of doctors in different specialties, and it is important for the planning of workforce in health-care services. The objective of this study was to compare the pattern of career perspective of intern doctors in government and private medical college hospitals of Bangladesh. This was a comparative cross-sectional type of study carried out among 161 intern Doctor of Government Medical college hospital and 152 intern doctors of private medical college hospital from January to December 2018. Majority (83.4%) of the respondents was unmarried and most of them (82.4%) belonged to Islam. Majority (66.9%) of the respondents (government and private medical college) want to join in government services and the association was statistically significant (p=0.000). A large number of respondents (77.9%) wanted to practice in Bangladesh. The association between type of medical college and intended practice location was not statistically significant (p=0.610). Majority (68.3%) of the respondents want to practice in Dhaka city and the association was statistically significant (p=0.000). About 42.8% of the respondents opted for Medicine as their first choice. Most (91.1%) of the respondents did not have any intention of changing profession and very few (8.9%) of them have intention of changing the profession. The study recommends improving the facilities in Basic subjects for attracting intern doctors to develop their career in these fields.

The Effect of Problem Based Learning Model with Focus Group Discussion Method on Students' Learning Outcomes in Basic Vocational Subjects at SMK Negeri 1 Sumatera Barat

This study aims to evaluate the effect of the problem-based learning (PBL) model with the focus group discussion (FGD) method on students’ learning outcomes in the basic vocational subjects at SMK Negeri 1 Sumatera Barat. We employed a quasi-experimental research method, utilizing two sample groups: the experimental group (class X E2), which implemented the PBL model with the FGD method, and the control group (class X E1), which received direct instruction. We collected learning outcome data through pretest and posttest assessments and analyzed the mean differences between the two groups using a t-test. The study’s results revealed a significant improvement in students’ learning outcomes in the experimental group, with a mean posttest score of 87.48, compared to the control group, which scored 78.48. The hypothesis test showed a significant difference between the two groups, with a calculated t-value (4.086) exceeding the critical t-value (1.66). This indicates that the implementation of the PBL model with the FGD method has a positive influence on students’ learning outcomes. These findings underscore the potential of the PBL model as an effective instructional strategy for enhancing students’ learning outcomes and provide a foundation for further developments in education.

Development of iSpring 9-Based Learning Media Using Android to Increase Learning Independence in Basic Pattern Dimensions

This research was developmental research that aimed to develop iSpring 9-based learning media using Android to increase student learning independence in basic fashion skills for Class X of SMK Negeri 2 Boyolangu, Tulungagung. The development method used the ADDIE model which includes: Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluation. Validation was carried out by two expert validators: material experts and media experts. The data collection technique used a questionnaire. Validation results from material experts met the requirements of 85.00%, which means very valid, and the results from media experts met the requirements of 80.00%, which also means valid. A trial was conducted at the implementation stage. The results were that 34 students obtained an average score of 84.48% with very good qualifications, meaning this media is easy for students to learn. Therefore, it showed that the media is very suitable as a learning medium for pattern-making and helping students' teaching and learning process. A further developing learning media was suggested for the application to be developed and equipped with dimensions in basic fashion skills subjects following the school curriculum to sum the learning in one application.

Designing Augmented Reality-Based Multimedia Using Experimental Methods to Improve Students' Cognitive in Basic Network Subject

Designing Augmented Reality-Based Multimedia Using Experimental Methods to Improve Students' Cognitive in Basic Network Subject

Development of a Self-Evaluation Model Based on an Intelligent Tutoring System to Increase Student Learning Motivation in Basic Programming Subjects

Learning evaluation is a series of efforts to improve the quality of learning. Evaluation activities will have a good impact on students to encourage themselves in making improvements that affect their learning achievement. However, the implementation of learning evaluation in the field is not always easy. As the results of field studies conducted at SMK BPI Bandung, there are obstacles in the continuity of learning evaluations which the implementation has not been optimal. This study aims to develop a self-evaluation model based on an intelligent learning system (ITS) as a support in the learning process, where students can actively and independently evaluate their abilities, thereby increasing learning motivation which has an impact on their learning achievement. From the results of the research conducted using a nonequivalent pretest-posttest control group design, it was concluded that: 1) The evaluation media based on the ITS got a percentage value of 97.78% in the "very good" category and was feasible to use. 2) ITS evaluation media proved to increase learning motivation in the experimental class, marked by an increase in the average value of pre-test to post-test of 0.83% and showed differences in motivation with the control class. 3) Students respond to the ITS evaluation media, namely the media has a "very good" category with a percentage of 83.58%.

The Role of Forensic Accounting to Reduce Financial Corruption Practices and Improving the Quality of Financial Reports

Purpose: The study aims to identify the role of forensic accounting in reducing financial corruption practices and improving the quality of financial reports by applying it to Saudi joint stock companies. Methodology: the study used descriptive approach, conducted a questionnaire to collect data and distributed it to the study’s population consisting of shareholders, investors, and workers in joint-stock companies in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Results and conclusion: The most important results of the study were that forensic accounting played a major role in combating financial corruption and business sustainability, and that academic and practical qualifications have a very important impact in discovering financial corruption, and the effectiveness of forensic accounting also led to improving the quality of financial reports. The researcher also recommends the necessity of adopting the subject of forensic accounting within the educational curriculum as a basic subject, as a preliminary step toward advancing the profession of forensic accounting, cooperating with educational institutions and investing in appropriate technology. Originality/value:The study is distinguished that it addresses the role of forensic accounting in improving the suitability and credibility of financial reports and business sustainability in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia through cooperation with educational institutions in establishing the concept of Forensic accounting and the best use of technology.

Tumor integrin targeted theranostic iron oxide nanoparticles for delivery of caffeic acid phenethyl ester: preparation, characterization, and anti-myeloma activities.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is characterized by the accumulation of malignant plasma cells preferentially in the bone marrow. Currently, emerging chemotherapy drugs with improved biosafety profiles, such as immunomodulatory agents and protease inhibitors, have been used in clinics to treat MM in both initial therapy or maintenance therapy post autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (ASCT). We previously discovered that caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), a water-insoluble natural compound, inhibited the growth of MM cells by inducing oxidative stress. As part of our continuous effort to pursue a less toxic yet more effective therapeutic approach for MM, the objective of this study is to investigate the potential of CAPE for in vivo applications by using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-capable superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (IONP) as carriers. Cyclo (Arg-Gly-Asp-D-Phe-Cys) (RGD) is conjugated to IONP (RGD-IONP/CAPE) to target the overexpressed αvβ3 integrin on MMcells for receptor-mediated internalization and intracellular delivery of CAPE. A stable loading of CAPE on IONP can be achieved with a loading efficiency of 48.7% ± 3.3% (wt%). The drug-release studies indicate RGD-IONP/CAPE is stable at physiological (pH 7.4) and basic pH (pH 9.5) and subject to release of CAPE at acidic pH (pH 5.5) mimicking the tumor and lysosomal condition. RGD-IONP/CAPE causes cytotoxicity specific to human MM RPMI8226, U266, and NCI-H929 cells, but not to normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), with IC50s of 7.97 ± 1.39, 16.75 ± 1.62, and 24.38 ± 1.71μM after 72-h treatment, respectively. Apoptosis assays indicate RGD-IONP/CAPE induces apoptosis of RPMI8226 cells through a caspase-9 mediated intrinsic pathway, the same as applying CAPE alone. The apoptogenic effect of RGD-IONP/CAPE was also confirmed on the RPMI8226 cells co-cultured with human bone marrow stromal cells HS-5 in a Transwell model to mimic the MM microenvironment in the bone marrow. In conclusion, we demonstrate that water-insoluble CAPE can be loaded to RGD-IONP to greatly improve the biocompatibility and significantly inhibit the growth of MMcells in vitro through the induction of apoptosis. This study paves the way for investigating the MRI-trackable delivery of CAPE for MM treatment in animal models in the future.

Bibliometric Analysis of Studies of Published in the Field of Volatility

Volatility, which is used to determine the risk structure of financial markets or instruments, is one of the most used methods by researchers. In this study which is conducted to reveal the tag of volatility studies, 11,894 articles related to volatility between 1975 and 2020, which were scanned in the Web of Science database, were subjected to bibliometric analysis. As a consequence of the investigation, the details of the subject such as the country with the highest number of publications, institutions, the most cited authors, articles, leading journals and keywords in the field were revealed. As a consequence of the, it was determined that the authors worked on three basic subjects such as "stocks and stock markets", "exchange rates" and "macroeconomic indicators" on volatility. It has been observed that the main objectives of the studies conducted are either to compare the performance of existing volatility estimation models or to develop new models by adding new variables.

The Impact of Learning Models for Explicit Instruction on Student Learning Outcomes in Vocational High School 2 Banda Aceh

The Explicit Instruction learning model is a learning model that positions the teacher as a facilitator and organizer in the learning process. This research aims to see the effect of the explicit instruction learning model in improving student learning outcomes in the Basic Passive Electronic Components subject. This research uses a quantitative type method with an experimental approach (one group pretest-posttest design) using pre-test and post-test question sheet instruments. The research subjects consisted of 25 students of class X Electronics Engineering at SMKN 2 Banda Aceh. The research results showed that the application of the explicit instruction learning model had an effect on the learning outcomes of students at SMK N 2 Banda Aceh as evidenced by the post-test results which increased by 44 points. This shows a positive change in student learning outcomes. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that the application of the explicit instruction learning model has an effect and can improve student learning outcomes at SMK N 2 Banda Aceh.

Reflecții asupra documentelor și inițiativelor naționale de promovare a educației STEAM în învățământul general

In this article, the normative acts and national initiatives from the Republic of Moldova that refer to the promotion of STEAM education are examined. It was found that these legislative documents give importance to multidisciplinary, inter- and trans-disciplinary training at all levels of non-higher education, without recommending the integrated teaching of the basic STEAM subjects: physics, biology, chemistry, geography, mathematics, computer science. The training and development of skills for planning and developing multidisciplinary products in the form of STEAM projects is stipulated in some disciplinary Curricula in the area of Mathematics and Science and only sporadically in the other Curricula. As a result, there are few tasks-activities of the STEAM type in the school textbooks in the Republic of Moldova.

Teaching radiology in integrated educational programs

Radiology is a medical discipline, an area of transversal knowledge integrated into any clinical situation. The optimal training of learning knowledge, skills and aptitudes in Radiology in the Degree in Medicine requires the integration of any imaging modality in the different areas of knowledge; from the basic subjects to any clinical subject of the Degree. This article describes the integration of Radiology teaching into the curriculum throughout the Medicine Degree at the University of Girona (UdG), describing the different radiology teaching activities that are taught. The specific activities of the subject "Radiology" are detailed; through workshops, seminars, practices, interactive computer game; and describing the characteristics of the main teaching methodological activity of the UdG, Problem-Based Learning.

Does artificial intelligence exhibit basic fundamental subjectivity? A neurophilosophical argument

AbstractDoes artificial intelligence (AI) exhibit consciousness or self? While this question is hotly debated, here we take a slightly different stance by focusing on those features that make possible both, namely a basic or fundamental subjectivity. Learning from humans and their brain, we first ask what we mean by subjectivity. Subjectivity is manifest in the perspectiveness and mineness of our experience which, ontologically, can be traced to a point of view. Adopting a non-reductive neurophilosophical strategy, we assume that the point of view exhibits two layers, a most basic neuroecological and higher order mental layer. The neuroecological layer of the point of view is mediated by the timescales of world and brain, as further evidenced by empirical data on our sense of self. Are there corresponding timescales shared with the world in AI and is there a point of view with perspectiveness and mineness? Discussing current neuroscientific evidence, we deny that current AI exhibits a point of view, let alone perspectiveness and mineness. We therefore conclude that, as per current state, AI does not exhibit a basic or fundamental subjectivity and henceforth no consciousness or self is possible in models such as ChatGPT and similar technologies.

Development of Reciprocal Teaching-Based Interactive Multimedia to Enhance Students' Learning Outcomes of Database Fundamentals

Database subjects are one of the basic compulsory subjects for the Computer Engineering and Informatics program. For Software Engineering students, topics such as Data Definition Language (DDL) and Data Manipulation Language (DML) are crucial for understanding advanced lessons. However, learning outcomes have been low due to factors such as suboptimal media, methods, models, and teaching processes. This research aims to design reciprocal teaching-based interactive multimedia to enhance student learning outcomes in DDL and DML materials. The research method used is adapted from the Comprehensive Life Cycle model, with a sample of students from class X-RPL-1 at Bina Wisata Lembang Vocational High School.The results of this study are as follows: 1) An average percentage of 80% was obtained from media experts and 80% from subject matter experts, both categorized as “Very Good”. 2) The use of multimedia improved student learning outcomes, demonstrated by an average score increase from 34 to 73. Furthermore, based on the pretest and posttest results, an average normalized gain (n-gain) of 0.59 was obtained with a criteria of 'Moderate' effectiveness. 3) Students responses to the created multimedia resulted in an average percentage score of 86.41%, categorized as “Very Good”.

Combining physical and physical education curricula with curricula Its impact on school achievement and the social adaptation of middle school


 Sports activity is an educational activity that works to educate young people with a balanced and integrated education in terms of: emotional, social, physical and mental, through various sports programs and fields under the supervision of a specialized leadership that works to achieve the goals of sports activity in a way that contributes to achieving the general goals of physical education in the stages of general education. One of the general foundations of the state's general educational policy. Study objectives: The effect of integrating physical education and sports curricula into the basic curricula. Developing, supporting and enhancing the positive psychological and social aspects through physical activity.Developing and maintaining health-related physical fitness components Recommendations:_ This study contributes to the interest in the curricula of physical education and sports because of its great impact on the level of academic achievement, raising the morale of male and female students, developing the spirit of cooperation and overcoming the problems of social adaptation between male and female students._ Practicing the activity of physical education and sports and integrating them with the basic curricula (science - English language - social studies - mathematics) helps students to acquire the skills of academic achievement and excellence in various basic school subjects._ Practicing the activity of physical education and sports helps students to acquire many skills in all physical, mental, social and moral aspects, as it helps students to adapt socially.
 

교육과정 변천에 따른 고등학교 1학년 수학의 변천 분석

High school 1st year mathematics has been considered explicitly or implicitly as a common curriculum or a common subject in Korea. Which changes have occurred in high school 1st year mathematics according to changes of national mathematics curriculum? In this paper we investigate changes of high 1st year mathematics according to changes of curriculum focused on changes of contents of algebra. For this we first analyze literature including national mathematics curriculum from the 1st national mathematics curriculum to the 2022 revised national mathematics curriculum, research reports, mathematics textbooks and so on. As the result of our analysis, we identified that high school 1st year mathematics has always played a role as a basic and common subject in view of its subject name and its place in high school mathematics curriculum for each curriculum period. And we alos identified that there were some contents of algebra, that is, sequence, exponent and logarithm, etc. included in high school 1st year mathematics and 2nd or 3rd year mathematics alternately, and other contents of algebra disappeared in mathematics curriculum. Our analysis results seem to be basic data in discussing the range of contents of common mathematics curriculum for citizens in future.