Basic Skills Research Articles

Palliative care in the older adult with cancer and the role of the geriatrician: a narrative review.

Palliative care can offer individuals improved quality of care and life. While many individuals would benefit from palliative care, only a minority will receive it. Integrating palliative care with geriatrics can help relieve this deficit, help with basic symptom management, advanced care planning (ACP) and develop goals of care to assure that the care provided is congruent with the individual's priorities. The purpose of this narrative review is to demonstrate the importance that the geriatrician can have when participating in the administration of palliative care; to present geriatric-specific issues that are imperative to manage when palliatively treating the older adult with cancer. Data were identified by searching PubMed (January 2000 to July 2023) using the following search terms: palliative care, older adults, and cancer care. The search was repeated using geriatrics, pain, fatigue, anxiety, and depression. Non-English articles and observational studies were excluded. Additional review of literature was undertaken using relevant references of identified articles. Providing the right service at the right time for older adults with undergoing palliative care is imperative. It is important that clinicians, especially geriatricians, have basic skills in providing this level of care to older patients while working in conjunction with palliative care teams. Older adults are a heterogeneous group, thus utilizing comprehensive geriatric assessment helps the palliative care team to successfully treat individuals. Addressing goals of care, symptom management and ACP can help to maintain quality of life and independence of the older adult. The aging process can affect how the individual perceives and manage their symptoms related to their cancer care including pain, fatigue, anxiety/depression, etc. Embedding primary care geriatrics in the palliative care arena helps to provide more access to this care. This integration helps providers address basic symptom management, advance care planning and work with individuals on goals of care to assure the care being provided is congruent individual's priorities. Older adults respond to symptoms different than their younger counterparts. Management of these symptoms has to be addressed in a manner commiserate with their age.

Assessing students with dyslexia and other reading difficulties through multiple diagnostic assessments.

This article aims to assist practitioners in understanding dyslexia and other reading difficulties and assessing students' learning needs. We describe the essential components of language and literacy, universal screening, diagnostic assessments, curriculum-based measurement and eligibility determination. We then introduce four diagnostic assessments as examples, including norm-referenced assessments (i.e. the Comprehensive Test of Phonological Processing second edition and the Woodcock-Johnson IV Tests of Achievement) and criterion-referenced assessments (i.e. the Gallistel-Ellis Test of Coding Skills and the Dynamic Indicators of Basic Early Literacy Skills). Finally, We use a makeup case as a concrete example to illustrate how multiple diagnostic assessments are recorded and how the results can be used to inform intervention and eligibility for special education services.

199 Teaching Basic Surgical Skills Using a More Frugal, Near-Peer, and Environmentally Sustainable Way: Mixed Methods Study

199 Teaching Basic Surgical Skills Using a More Frugal, Near-Peer, and Environmentally Sustainable Way: Mixed Methods Study

The Effectiveness and Benefits of Disaster Simulation Training for Undergraduate Medical Students in Saudi Arabia.

There is a growing recognition of the need for disaster management training for medical students in Saudi Arabia, but there is limited research on its effectiveness. Thus, this study evaluated the effectiveness of a disaster simulation training program for undergraduate medical students in Saudi Arabia. A disaster management simulation activity was conducted for 32 medical students. The students attended a 30-minute lecture about mass casualty incidents (MCIs) and completed a pre-simulation survey. They were then randomly assigned to one of three groups (performer, actor, observer) and asked to apply their skills to triage patients after a Level C MCI. A debriefing session was conducted using the plus/delta debriefing method. Then, the students completed a post-simulation survey. The results showed that after the simulation training the students' self-confidence in their ability to respond to a disaster increased from 40.7% to 59.4% (p value < 0.01), to utilize incident command structure increased from 37.9% to 62.5% (p value < 0.01), to demonstrate START triage for victims of a disaster increased from 28.2% to 65.7% (p value < 0.01), and to apply safe search and rescue techniques increased from 40.7% to 59.4% (p value < 0.01). The students' self-confidence in their ability to perform basic first aid skills also increased after the simulation. The study findings suggest that disaster management simulation training can be an effective way to increase medical students' self-confidence and preparedness for disaster response.

Comparison between the Standard Teaching and the Thai Version of Blended Teaching on Basic Airway Management in Siriraj Medical Students

Objective: To compare the basic airway management skill score of Thai medical students who learned airway management utilizing blended peer-to-peer teaching with those who learned by the standard face-to-face approach. The learners’ pre- and post-learning confidence, satisfaction with the learning, and stress levels were evaluated. Materials and Methods: A randomized crossover study was conducted with third-year medical students in Thailand. Basic airway management was taught, including oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal airway insertion, and bag-mask ventilation skills. After the learning, two blinded and independent experts rated the learners on performing the procedures. Results: In total, 32 participants took part in the study. The blended group had significantly lower skill scores for oropharyngeal airway (8.69 ±1.078 and 9.69 ± 0.479, p-value 0.004) and nasopharyngeal airway (7.87 ± 1.408 and 9.38 ± 0.500, p-value 0.001) management, respectively. The bag-mask ventilation skills scores were also lower in the blended group. The confidence level was increased in both groups. Learning with the face-to-face method was found to be slightly less stressful. Overall, the majority of the students preferred learning by the standard method. Conclusion: Unlike Western students, Thai learners can learn basic airway management skills more effectively with the face-to-face instructor-led method than with the peer-oriented blended method.

Effect of the driver model on reflective thinking and teaching some basic basketball skills to students

Effect of the driver model on reflective thinking and teaching some basic basketball skills to students

790 Basic Robotic Technical Skills Course (BRITS): A Critical Evaluation of an Evolving Surgical Curriculum

790 Basic Robotic Technical Skills Course (BRITS): A Critical Evaluation of an Evolving Surgical Curriculum

Usability of the BigO system in pediatric obesity treatment: A mixed-methods evaluation of clinical end-users

ObjectiveTo assess technical usability of the BigO app and clinical portal among diverse participants and explore the overall user experiences of both. MethodsMethods included technical usability testing by measuring the relative user efficiency score (RUS) for the app and measuring Relative User Efficiency (RUE) using the ‘think aloud’ method with the clinical portal. Qualitative approaches involved focus groups with adolescent app users and semi-structured one-to-one interviews with clinician participants. Thematic analysis was applied to analyze qualitative data. ParticipantsClinical participants consisted of adolescents seeking treatment for severe obesity and were invited via telephone/face to face to attend technical usability testing and a focus group. Healthcare professionals (HCPs) and researchers using the BigO clinical portal interface were invited to participate in usability testing and semi-structured interviews. ResultsFrom 14 families invited to attend, seven consented to join the study and four adolescents (mean age=13.8 (SD 0.8) years) participated. Additionally, six HCPs and one pediatric obesity researcher took part. RUS for adolescents indicated that the tasks required of them via myBigO app were feasible, and technically efficient. No user-related errors were observed during tasks. Technical barriers reported by adolescents included notifications of battery optimization, misunderstanding image annotation language, and compatibility challenges with certain phone models. RUS for the HCPs and researcher indicated that basic technical skills are a potential barrier for clinical portal use and qualitative findings revealed that clinical users wanted a logging option for monitoring goals and providing feedback on the portal. ConclusionOur study provided valuable formative findings from clinical end-users in Ireland indicating that adolescents being treated for obesity rated myBigO app as usable, acceptable and that it may assist other key stakeholders to understand food marketing and to monitor dietary and physical activity behaviors. Several key suggestions for future iterations of the clinical portal were provided to enhance its value in pediatric obesity treatment.

The New York Section EMPIRE Collaborative: Piloting a Multi-Institutional, Simulation-Based Surgical Skills Boot Camp for Junior Urology Residents.

Since the integration of the intern year into urology residencies, programs are mandated to introduce fundamental skills to junior residents. Our goal was to assess the impact of one such program: the 2023 New York Section of the AUA (NYS-AUA) EMPIRE (Educational Multi-institutional Program for Instructing REsidents) Boot Camp. Junior urology residents from all 10 NYS-AUA institutions attended a free EMPIRE Boot Camp on June 9, 2023. The seminar covered procedural skills including urethral catheterization, cystoscopy, renal and bladder ultrasound, transrectal prostate ultrasound with biopsy, and an introduction to robotics/laparoscopy. Sessions focused on urologic emergencies and postoperative scenarios. Participants completed questionnaires before, immediately after, and 6 months post course, assessing comfort with procedures and overall program quality using a 5-point Likert scale and free text responses. t Tests compared pre and immediate/6-month post scores. Forty junior residents, along with faculty and resident instructors from all 10 NYS-AUA programs, participated. Of the 40 trainees, 35 (87.5%) completed pre- and immediate post-boot camp surveys, while 23 (57.5%) responded to the 6-month follow-up survey. Ratings showed significant improvement in comfort with basic urologic technical skills for 13 out of 14 domains (93%) immediately after the course and at the 6-month mark. Attendees reported notably higher comfort levels in managing obstructive pyelonephritis (P = .003) and postoperative complications (P = .001) following didactic sessions. A skills-based, free collaborative urology boot camp for junior residents is feasible and can be effective. Trainees reported improved comfort performing certain technical skills and managing urologic emergencies both immediately after the course and at 6 months of follow-up.

Visualisation of dental anatomy in CBCT scans: Part 1.

To the trained eye, every tooth is different. An in-depth understanding of dental anatomy in cross-sectional images is a fundamental basic skill required when interpreting cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans. The conventional orthogonal planes of axial, coronal, and sagittal are not always the best planes in which to assess teeth because every tooth is at a slightly different angle to all these planes. In this chapter, the author demonstrates the characteristic anatomy of upper and lower incisors, canines, premolars, and molars in longitudinal and transverse sections, using carefully uprighted images. Some of these teeth are also shown in transverse section at various levels in the crown and root. The chronology of permanent teeth is shown. Developing teeth are discussed and incremental growth lines are mentioned.The author describes three well-known dental notation systems (Palmer, FDI, hybrid).There are four videos accompanying this chapter, including one fascinating video showing a scroll-through of all the cross-arch sections of a synthetic panoramic (curved multiplanar reconstruction) image that includes all the upper and lower teeth in a 16-year-old.

Practice-based evidence for spiritually integrated psychotherapies: Examining trajectories of psychological and spiritual distress.

The aims of this practice-based evidence study were to (a) examine clients' trajectories of psychological and spiritual distress over the course of spiritually integrated psychotherapies (SIPs) and (b) explore the role of varying types of spiritual interventions in these outcomes. In total, 164 practitioners of SIPs from 37 settings in a practice-research network administered the Clinically Adaptive Multidimensional Outcome Survey (Sanders et al., 2018) at each session with 1,227 clients and reported their use of theoretical orientations and spiritual interventions on an after-session summary checklist. Focusing on sessions over an initial 12-week period, latent growth curve modeling analyses revealed that clients, on average, experienced significant reduction of psychological distress during their engagement in SIPs with improvements occurring most sharply in the first month. Further, other findings revealed a salient reciprocal interplay with spiritual distress throughout treatment, such that clients who were struggling with their religious faith and/or spirituality were more psychologically distressed and displayed a more attenuated and gradual pattern of symptom reduction. In such cases, clinicians frequently utilized spiritual interventions involving basic skills (e.g., spiritual assessment), virtues (e.g., discuss self-control), and religious attachment (e.g., encourage acceptance of divine love) that were uniquely associated with clients' rate and duration of decline in psychological and spiritual distress. The present findings affirm the routine effectiveness of SIPs along with highlighting the potential value of certain spiritual interventions in supporting holistic recovery among clients who want clinicians to be culturally responsive to their spiritual and/or religious identities. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

초등영어 기초학력 부진아를 위한 심층분석 도구 및 통합적 보정교육 프로그램 개발 방향

This study develops tools and materials to address the issue of poor basic English skills to analyze and remediate the difficulties faced by students with low basic skills. By reviewing previous studies, the concept of basic skills and elementary English basic skills was established, and various programs and policies were developed to support basic skills. Analysis of existing diagnostic tools to assess elementary English basic skills revealed that these evaluation methods focused on listening and speaking abilities and overlooked the importance of literacy learning. Therefore, this study proposed areas of an in-depth analysis tool for elementary English basic skills. Moreover, cognitive and affective remediation materials should be developed for students with insufficient elementary English basic skills. Cognitive remediation materials include knowledge of the alphabet, phonemic, phonics, sight vocabulary, word reading, and early reading abilities. Affective remediation materials focus on the affective domain to transform students’ negative attitudes toward learning into positive ones and instill achievement motivation and confidence. Such cognitive and affective approaches are crucial for improving students’ basic English abilities and stimulating motivation and intellectual curiosity toward learning. By accurately diagnosing the difficulties faced by students with low basic skills and implementing effective remedial education, the study proposes practical measures to enhance students’ learning abilities and improve the quality of English education.

외국인 중급 유학생의 한국어 음소 인식 및 철자 능력 분석 연구

This study aimed to explored the relationship between basic Korean literacy skills and Korean language proficiency among international students who are learning Korean in a university language institute. Participants’ basic Korean literacy skills were measured by a set of tests including phonemic awareness and spelling. One hundred and eight international students who attended intermediate level Korean language classes participated in this study. The results showed that there was a significant correlation between their basic Korean literacy and Korean language proficiency. In particular, notable correlations with Korean language procificency were observed for basic vowels and the diphthongs ㅑ (ya) and ㅘ (wa), which are integral components of phonemic awareness and spelling tests conducted in a one-syllable (CV) structure. Furthermore, participants’ average accuracy in phonemic awareness test was only 59.92% and the average accuracy in spelling test was 72.48%. Considering that the test items were constructed with basic phonetic features of Korean language and orthography, their Korean literacy skills were found to be pretty limited, which were comparable to the native first-graders in Korea. Authors also compared the basic Korean literacy test scores between two groups who passes language course and who failed the course. The findings revealed that the basic literacy skills of the failed group was significantly lower than that of the passed group, indicating that phonemic awaeness and spelling abilities may affect Korean language proficiency and academic achievements. Authors discussed that Korean literacy of the foreign Korean language students are in needs of atttention among educators and researchers

Peran persepsi keterlibatan orang tua terhadap keterampilan membaca siswa Sekolah Dasar

Reading skills are basic skills that students must have in order to support other subject matter. Reading modeling can help students improve their reading skills. This research aims to determine the relationship between perceptions of parental involvement and elementary school students' reading skills. The research method used is a correlational quantitative approach. In this study, scales were used, namely the reading skills scale and the perception scale of parental involvement. The population in this study were all students in grades 3, 4 and 5 at SDN Triharjo Sleman. The sampling technique used was probability sampling with a sample size of 103 students with sample criteria namely students in grades 3, 4 and 5, male and female and living with their parents. The analysis technique in this research uses the product moment correlation technique. The results of the analysis show that there is a relationship between perceptions of parental involvement and reading skills, r value = 0.716. The results of this study show that reading skills are in the high category at 89.3%, and perceptions of parental involvement are in the high category at 89.3%.

Analysis of basic shooting technique abilities in soccer games

This study was conducted for several reasons. Some students have bad experiences understanding and applying the correct basic shooting techniques. Moreover, a lack of adequate practice or understanding of the technique can cause it. Besides, students have trouble maintaining consistency when implementing basic shooting techniques. Some factors, such as physical fatigue, lack of concentration, or lack of regular exercise, can cause it. Thus, this research aimed to analyze basic shooting technical abilities in soccer games. This research applied quantitative research involving 30 high school students actively participating in extracurricular activities as the research participants. The instrument was the shooting test. The data analysis technique used descriptive statistics entered predetermined categories. The categorization was grouped into 5: excellent, good, fair, poor, and very poor. Then, the data were entered into the data processing technique in percentages. The results show that students' basic shooting technical abilities were in a good category, with a percentage of 40%, and the lowest is 3%. From the results of research on basic skills in soccer shooting techniques, several main points were concluded, namely that from the sample size, most students (53%) were still in the category of basic skills in good shooting techniques. Students who fall into the poor and very poor categories need special attention and extra guidance to improve their abilities in basic shooting techniques.

The impact of instructional units on accordance with Dienes model in motor behavior and learning some basic football skills for students.

The Denz model is one of the models of teaching based on cognitive theory within the theories that have interpreted the phenomenon of learning. The research also aimed to prepare educational units according to the Denz model. The researcher used the experimental curriculum to suit it. ) The experimental group and the Division (C) the control group and by (20) students for each group, and the study concluded that the Denz model has a positive impact on the superiority of the level of the experimental group students in motor behavior and learned some of the basic skills of football under research. The researcher recommended, based on the modern models of teaching, including the Denz model, which is the student's primary axis in order to achieve the best results.

FEATURES OF USING THE GEOGEBRA APPLICATION IN CALCULATING THE AREA OF FLAT FIGURES

Abstract and teaching basic principles of the distinctive features of using the GeoGebra application when calculating a plot of flat shapes are revised in the article. Demonstrating the latest and also unique configurations, methods and methods of the concept of the training used material together with the target of attracting students of the 9th grade to the discipline geometry, increasing the productivity of mastering the training used material in addition, the current software provision has mainly changed the property of geometry lessons. Currently, it is difficult to imagine training in the absence of dialog modifications. One of the factors according to which it is difficult to master planimetry as well as stereometry is that the discipline is abstract. In the experimental work, it is presented that one of the methods of visualization of arithmetic, implementation in its movement is considered to be the use of the GeoGebra computer sphere. For this reason, in order to increase the interest and interest of students in arithmetic, along with the use of the latest technologies when conducting experimental activities, a GeoGebra software supplement was introduced into the lesson. In the process of studying, students were interviewed about the performance of GeoGebra projects. According to the results of the sample survey, it turned out that according to the results of the questionnaire, the students were able to realize and implement the tasks in absolute terms, introducing into their interest in geometry, independent selection, service along with additional literature, as well as basic skills according to programming. According to the results of the studies, it was presented that the use of the GeoGebra supplement in the calculation of the section of thin persons in geometry tasks is productive.

초임초등교사의 영어교사교육과 영어교수의 경험 및 인식

This study aimed to explore elementary teachers’ experiences and perceptions of English in-service teacher education and English language teaching. Fifty elementary English teachers took part in the survey. Of these, ten teachers were involved in the focus group research. Their interviews, reflection journals, and lesson observations and analyses were collected. Data were analyzed through a mixed-method approach, primarily qualitative with quantitative methods as needed. The results are as follows: First, novice teachers found that the provision of English courses in novice teacher training was insufficient, but they felt in-service teacher training, graduate programs, teacher learning communities, and mentoring helped improve their teaching abilities. Second, when teaching, novice teachers in the focus group concentrated on phonics and basic language skills and activity- and learner-centered instruction, and they developed effective materials in their English classes. They experienced difficulties teaching English in English and teaching students at different levels. However, they made progress through various trials and errors. Third, for the professional development of novice English teachers, suggestions were made in the areas of teacher education programs, teacher learning communities, schools and administrations, and policies on teachers and teacher education, as well as the novice teachers’ efforts. Significant implications concerning novice English teacher education will be explored in greater detail.

고등학생 기초영어학력 향상을 위한 예비교사 역량강화 훈련 및 교육실습의 효과

This study investigates the effectiveness of a teacher training program and subsequent teaching practice aimed at enhancing basic English ability among high school students. It was conducted with 12 pre-service English teachers in Gangwon Province, Korea. The program consisted of a 14-week training session linked to the ‘Utilizing ICT for English Education’ course, followed by a 6-week teaching practice. To assess its impact, a combination of varied data collection methods was employed throughout the semester, including weekly in-depth team discussions, a detailed survey, and an extensive whole class conference. The analysis focused on how both training and teaching practice influenced the pre-service teachers’ ability to develop their students’ basic English skills. Descriptive statistics calculated with SPSS Statistics 29 analyzed Likert-scale survey data, while qualitative data from team discussions and the conference were thoroughly and systematically coded. Findings clearly indicate significant improvements in the instructional skills of the pre-service teachers. Additionally, the study highlights the ongoing challenges in basic English education and emphasizes the need for tailored teaching strategies that accommodate the diverse learning needs of high school students. Ultimately, these results affirm the importance of continuous development in teacher training programs to adapt to educational demands and societal changes effectively.

DEVELOPING A COLLOCATION LEARNING MANAGEMENT MODEL FOR ENHANCING ELF ORAL COMMUNICATION IN THAILAND

The significance of collocation in English as a Lingua Franca (ELF) for oral communication has been largely neglected. This study aims to develop a collocation learning management model that would enhance the oral communication skills ofEnglish ELF university students in Thailand. The study provides insights. Initially, the main challenges discovered were content enhancement, limited activities and learning arrangements, low motivation, and non-cooperative conduct. A learning managementmodel for English collocations was also introduced to address the issues. The model's theoretical concepts, objectives, learning management phases, social system, reaction principle, and support system have been identified. Furthermore, the model improved students' listening, speaking, and basic language skills in higher education. Additional investigation is required to ascertain the enduring scholarly achievement of this model when combined with other pedagogical methodologies and its integration and practical application across all language skills for prospective utilisation in comparable educational settings.