Basic Skills Research Articles

Designing, Implementing, and Evaluating a Basic Surgical Skills Bootcamp: An Effective Approach to Enhance Competency in Surgical Residency Training

IntroductionRecent technological advances have facilitated the development of new educational methods, such as simulation-based learning, in specialized bootcamps to enhance the learning of surgical residents. This study aimed to design, implement, and evaluate a basic surgical skills bootcamp for residents in general surgery, orthopedics, neurosurgery, and gynecology based on the learning gap in the current educational program. MethodsThis intervention study focused on the design, implementation, and evaluation of a basic surgical skills bootcamp in a simulated operating room for first-year surgical residents in general surgery, orthopedics, neurosurgery, and gynecology. ResultsThe study resulted in the creation of a comprehensive course plan and the execution of a 6-day training program. Evaluation of educational outcomes confirmed high learner satisfaction, improvement in Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ) exam scores, and acceptable scores in the Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE). ConclusionThe findings of this study suggest that surgical bootcamps, when designed based on needs assessment and in line with scientific bootcamp design principles, play a crucial role in enhancing the satisfaction, knowledge, and skills of surgical residents.

Development of basic futsal skills test instruments

The purpose of this study in general is to reveal the level of validity and reliability of the basic futsal skills test for U-23 futsal players. In particular, this study aims to reveal the level of validity and reliability of the futsal skills test for futsal players U-23 PORPROV Central Java. In the research that the authors did, researchers used research and development methods to produce certain products, and tested the effectiveness of these products to achieve goals (validation function). The sample was taken by purposive sampling because there were several criteria that were determined, namely, players in the U-23 category in each district throughout Central Java. The research results show a fairly high level of validity and reliability. It is necessary to revise the instrument to produce a better test in terms of reliability and validity in the development of an instrument model for testing the basic techniques of U-23 futsal. Keywords: Development, Instruments, Futsal.

Task-Driven Collaborative Inquiry Teaching Method in Modern Educational Technology Instruction at Universities

With the expanding application of information technology in scientific and technological development, it has had a significant impact on students' growth and development and has become a necessary skill for future employment of university students. In response to this situation, higher education has attached great importance to the influence of information technology on teaching and has introduced the course of modern educational technology, which is an important component of the current curriculum system in universities. The purpose of offering this course is to cultivate students' basic teaching skills and enable them to use information technology for teaching. Among the various teaching methods, the task-driven teaching method is practical and interesting, as it can stimulate students' enthusiasm and initiative to learn. Considering the current situation of modern educational technology instruction in universities, a new teaching method has been developed by integrating task-driven instruction with collaborative inquiry, which enhances the effectiveness of teaching by involving students in completing tasks and engaging in cooperative inquiry with their peers. This article provides an overview of the task-driven teaching method, analyzes the current status of modern educational technology instruction, clarifies the implementation process of the task-driven collaborative inquiry teaching method, and proposes strategies for implementing the task-driven collaborative inquiry teaching method in modern educational technology instruction at universities, aiming to provide references for such instruction.

Analyzing teacher audio: The contribution of classroom mathematics instruction to early numeracy

The relation between mathematical achievement in early childhood and future academic success is well established. However, our knowledge about the effect of instruction on mathematical performance is often reliant upon self-report or videotaped instruction measures and standardized achievement assessments. The current study uses teacher audio recordings to examine the role of classroom mathematics instruction in the growth of adaptive early mathematical skills. Kindergarten children (N = 98, M(age) = 5.55 years, 53% male) were followed across the school year. Findings suggested children with the lowest levels of adaptive mathematics skills grew the most across the school year, suggesting that basic skills continue to be the focus in early elementary years. Further, no aspects of mathematics instruction predicted growth in children’s addition or counting skills. These results highlight the need for more robust and ecologically valid measurement in assessing classroom mathematics instruction in future research.

Implementation Of Weekly Conversation Program (Muhadatsah) To Improve The Daily Speaking Ability "At Darut Taqwa Bungkal Ponorogo"

Speaking plays an important role in social interaction with others to obtain or exchange information because speaking is one way to express feelings, ideas, experiences, and knowledge to others. As well as the position of English in Darut Taqwa Islamic Boarding School is a mandatory language in daily communication. This condition requires Darut Taqwa Islamic Boarding School to prepare efforts to support the students' language learning process. Therefore, Darut Taqwa Islamic Boarding School established a program, namely Weekly Conversation (Muhadatsah) to teach students speaking skills directly and actively daily in the dormitory environment. Speaking skills need to be taught because speaking is one of the basic skills that someone in learning a foreign language must master. The objectives of this study are to 1) Describe the Weekly Conversation Program (Muhadatsah): objectives, materials, learning organization, learning experiences, strategies, and evaluation, implemented to improve daily speaking ability at Darut Taqwa Islamic Boarding School for girls. 2) Describe the obstacle students face in the Weekly Conversation Program (Muhadatsah). This research was designed using a qualitative method with a case study design. Data were collected through observation, interview, and documentation. Data were analyzed using Miles and Huberman with data reduction, data display, and conclusions. The results showed that 1) Implementation of the Weekly Conversation Program (Muhadatsah) to improve the daily speaking ability at the Darut Taqwa Islamic boarding school for girls, which there are elements: Objectives, Materials, Learning Organization, Learning Experience, Strategy, and Evaluation. 2) Obstacles faced by students in the Weekly Conversation Program (Muhadatsah).

Analisis Hasil Evaluasi Program AKM Kelas Kampus Mengajar 7 terhadap Kemampuan Literasi dan Numerasi di SDN Bades 03

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the AKM program of the Teaching Campus Class 7 in improving students' literacy and numeracy skills at SDN Bades 03. The research method used is literature research with a qualitative literature study approach. The data used are the results of the pretest and posttest of students' literacy and numeracy before and after participating in the program. The results of the analysis showed that there was a significant improvement in students' numeracy skills, from an average pretest score of 34.4% to 50.1% in the posttest. Meanwhile, the increase in literacy skills, although positive, was relatively small, from 50.1% to 54.6%. These findings show that this program is effective in improving students' basic skills, especially in the aspect of numeracy. Factors supporting the success of the program include interactive teaching methods and support from teachers as well as the use of relevant teaching materials. In conclusion, the AKM Teaching Campus Class 7 program has succeeded in making a positive contribution in improving students' basic competencies, but further evaluation of literacy teaching methods is needed to achieve more optimal results. The implications of this study emphasize the importance of an adaptive and student-centered learning approach to improve the effectiveness of education in primary schools.

Nursing students' perspectives on peer assessment in basic nursing procedures: A qualitative study

BackgroundTraditionally, the assessment of student nursing skills relies heavily on lecturer evaluations. However, lecturers, as the primary evaluators, may be influenced by their individual subjective preferences, experience, and knowledge background. This limitation needs thorough consideration to improve students' assessment skills and ensure that assessment tasks are more objective and accurate. Peer assessment appears to take it into account. Currently, improving the quality of peer assessment in Basic Nursing skills remains a challenge for educators. AimTo assess the effectiveness of peer assessment as applied to the basic nursing skills examination process and suggestions for improvement, to understand nursing students' perceptions of it, and to explore the feasibility of peer assessment as an alternative to single faculty assessment as perceived by nursing students. DesignQualitative research. SettingsConducted in a clinical skills simulation laboratory at a university in Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, China. Participants23 Second-year nursing students applying peer assessment to Basic Nursing course exams. MethodsUsed face-to-face, semi-structured interviews, and thematic analysis to analyze data. ResultsThree major themes and nine subthemes were identified: (1) Positive sentiments towards peer evaluation (e.g., enhancing the learning capacity, increasing emotional intelligence, and improving the objectivity and fairness of nursing skills assessment); (2) Challenges encountered in the peer evaluation process (e.g., inconsistent scoring criteria, exacerbate anxiety, and triggering team conflict); (3) Suggestions for improving peer evaluation (e.g., applying the design of peer assessment exam content, incorporation of lecturer evaluation, and refinement and materialization of marking criteria). ConclusionsIn this study, while the positive impact is evident, the challenges faced by nursing students and future recommendations for peer assessment application are critical. This study provides valuable insights into the potential of peer assessment to enhance nursing education and provides recommendations for optimizing peer assessment strategies for meaningful integration into Nursing Education practice.

Teaching Practice of Primary School Malay Language Teachers in Basic Reading Skills: A Literature Review

Teaching Practice of Primary School Malay Language Teachers in Basic Reading Skills: A Literature Review

Improved urban road network and small and medium enterprises’ financial performance: Evidence from Tanzania

This study assessed the impact of improved urban road network on financial performance of Small and Medium Enterprises focusing in Dodoma, Tanzania. The study employed a cross sectional research design where by a sample of 89 SMEs from the selected three wards in Dodoma city was used to draw the conclusion. Qualitative data collected through questionnaires were analyzed using content analysis while quantitative data analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis. The key findings from the study include: i) accessible roads to customers toward SME were having positive influence to SMEs performance ii) market accessibility by customers and consumers was the key factor in improving SMEs financial performance in Dodoma city and lastly, an effective time management and improved transportation of goods and services were positive related to the amount of sales revenue generated by SMEs. The conclusion is drawn to improve the urban road networks as among of the key factors in improving the performance of SMEs in Dodoma city by increasing sales and profit. It is therefore recommended that, the government and other stakeholders in the construction sector should continue to improve urban road networks and start offering basic business and financial management skills which would enable SMEs owners to make informed investment decisions as well as enhance their entrepreneurial skills which will facilitate in recognizing and exploiting the available business opportunities.

Strengthen the Foundation and Practice Orientation: Exploration of Teaching Reform in Machine Learning Courses

Machine learning has become a core technology in the field of artificial intelligence with its excellent performance and wide range of applications. Traditional machine learning course teaching models often focus on theoretical explanations and lack sufficient practical guidance, making it difficult for students to apply their knowledge to solve practical problems. This article explores feasible ways to reform the teaching of machine learning courses, by strengthening the close integration of basic knowledge and practical skills, as well as optimizing course evaluation methods, significantly improving students' learning effectiveness and practical application abilities.

The Effect of Educational Activities through the Flipped Classroom on Students with Low Metacognitive Thinking

The "flipped classroom" approach has gained popularity in the field of education, especially in the post- Covid-19 era. The flipped classroom approach involves a variety of instructional activities that take place both inside and outside the classroom. Therefore, it is crucial to determine the most efficient way for organizing flipped classroom activities. As metacognitive thinking skills are one of the basic skills required for learning in the context of digital technologies, the current research aimed to investigate the impact of two type of flipped classroom activities, namely self-directed activities (SDA), and sequence task activities (STA), on metacognitive thinking skills. This investigation was conducted in recognition of the fundamental role that metacognitive thinking skills play in the process of learning within the realm of digital technologies. The research used a quasi-experimental methodology to conduct a comparative analysis of the two experimental groups. The first experimental group utilized a flipped classroom approach which is characterized by self-directed activities, whereas the second experimental group utilized a flipped classroom model centered on sequential tasks. The study sample included (60) high school students who were assigned to the two research groups using a random distribution method. A metacognitive thinking scale was devised, including three distinct dimensions: planning, monitoring, and assessment. The findings of the study demonstrated that flipped classrooms, which include self-directed activities, exhibit a higher level of efficacy in fostering the development of metacognitive thinking abilities. The study suggested the need of enhancing the structure of flipped classrooms based on the self-directed activities framework.

Some aspects of tactical medicine in service and combat activities of police officers under the conditions of the legal regime of martial state: problem issues in critical situations and combat conditions

The article highlights the problematic issues of tactical training of law enforcement officers in today’s conditions, considers the actual problems and challenges that law enforcement officers may face during the performance of official duties and the provision of first aid in combat conditions and emergency situations. The issue of the interaction of the National Police of Ukraine with other rescue services at the scene for the effective provision of first aid was considered. It is noted that the interaction of the police and other rescue services at the scene of the event in the conditions of martial law requires a special approach and careful planning. It is necessary to ensure a clear coordination of actions, an appropriate level of protection for the personnel of the rescue services, and to take into account the peculiarities of work in the conditions of hostilities. Effective interaction between different services will minimize the consequences of emergency situations and ensure the safety of the population in the conditions of martial law. The article highlights the algorithm of actions for providing assistance to injured persons by police officers under fire, considers the key issues of training law enforcement officers to provide effective first aid in conditions of martial law or extreme situations in general. The authors of the article emphasize the importance of unified training programs for police officers in tactical medicine, which should include both theoretical knowledge and practical skills. Special attention is paid to ensuring a high level of readiness of police officers for quick and effective response to emergency situations and saving lives in the conditions of an aggravated conflict. Service situations in which police officers may find themselves are often accompanied by conflicts and their escalation, up to “fire contact” with the offender. Therefore, for the training of police officers, the section of tactical medicine is the most relevant, which teaches the basic skills of providing self- and mutual aid in combat conditions, which are primarily aimed at eliminating the preventive causes of death, taking into account the threat from combat operations or an active shooter. Unfortunately, there are infamous cases of the death of police officers while performing law enforcement tasks, which indicates the need for mandatory integration of first aid standards into their training and operations in various tactical situations. In addition, it is important to note that training police officers in tactical medicine will not only help them provide effective care to victims, but will also increase their level of safety while performing their duties. Therefore, unified training programs for police officers in tactical medicine should be an integral part of the training of law enforcement officers.

Preservation of Local Wisdom through the Batik Mangrove Project at SD Negeri 025 Teluk Binjai

This community service initiative at SD Negeri 025 Teluk Binjai addresses the need to enhance students' knowledge and skills related to Malay local wisdom and the mangrove ecosystem. The project aims to introduce students to the art of batik and the importance of preserving the mangrove ecosystem through the Batik Mangrove project. Using a descriptive qualitative method involving observation, interviews, and documentation, the project targeted fifth-grade students due to their cognitive ability to grasp ecosystem concepts and basic art skills. The activities included introducing the mangrove ecosystem, collaboratively designing batik inspired by mangrove flora and fauna, engaging in batik-making under the guidance of local artisans, and evaluating the impact through observations and interviews. The results indicated significant improvements in students' artistic skills, environmental awareness, and understanding of cultural preservation. This project also faced challenges such as limited curriculum time and initially low student interest in local culture. Future recommendations include involving more local elements, enhancing collaboration with stakeholders, and extending the project duration for greater impact. Ultimately, this initiative contributes to community well-being by fostering a generation that values and preserves local culture and the environment.

Research Skills of Prospective Biology Teacher: An Analysis for Development Needs

This study was conducted to determine the extent to which research skills have been mastered by prospective biology teacher in learning at universities and to determine the need for developing research skills. Research skills are defined as skills using information literacy and basic biology laboratory skills related to research. An analysis of curriculum documents and examples of RPS from the biology education study program at one of the universities in the Kepulauan Riau Province was carried out to explore lecture designs that prepare students' research skills. A total of 25 alumni (graduates) of the study program were involved in a perception survey of how important research skills are for them in the workplaces. 27 final year students were also involved in providing self-assessments about their ability to master information literacy and basic biology laboratory skills. Data was analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. Data analysis resulted that the researcher profile is one of the targets for graduates of biology education study programs but has not been supported by course designs. Research skills are needed by alumni in the workplaces and are very relevant to support their careers. Information literacy and basic biology lab skills have not been fully mastered by final year students. There is an urgency to equip students with more adequate skills so that students are better able to carry out research, including completing their studies.

The Effect of Deductive Thinking Exercises on The Performance of Some Basic skills Among Kindergarten Children Aged 5-6 Years

As it is known that most of the methods of teaching sports to children used by kindergarten teachers appear to be traditional and lack a lot of accuracy in performance and random implementation. Preparing exercises in deductive thinking in developing the skills of handling and receiving among kindergarten children, and some special tests have been used, where a sample of kindergarten children was chosen randomly, and divided into two groups (experimental and control), and the research sample reached (20) students who were randomly divided into (10) for the control group and (10) for the experimental group, and the results of the research showed that there were significant differences between the results of the pre and post tests and in favor of the experimental group in the post tests, and the conclusions showed that the prepared exercises had a positive effect on the experimental sample, while the recommendations were to adopt Inferential thinking exercises, as they work on developing physical attributes, developing speed of comprehension, and developing accuracy of handling and receiving among kindergarten children.

Serendipitous Pathways and Elusive Definitions: Leadership in Continuing Professional Development.

Although the Continuing Professional Development (CPD) field has rapidly expanded in scope, breadth, and depth, there is a gap in how we understand CPD leadership and the role of the leader. Previous scholarship indicates that there is neither an agreed on set of competencies for CPD leadership roles nor a distinct pathway towards those roles. This study is aimed at answering the following question: How is leadership described or defined in CPD and what are the contextual issues that are and/or should be shaping its evolution? Conducted between 2020 and 2022, CPD leadership program learners and CPD leaders with a range of leadership expertise were identified using convenience and purposive sampling and invited to participate in this study. Semistructured interviews were conducted with consenting participants. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using a qualitative thematic template analysis approach. Seventeen interviews were conducted. There were multiple components identified that were important to CPD leadership, such as being visionary, or having strong collaboration skills with some components, such as adaptability and flexibility appearing more unique to the CPD context. The role of CPD leadership and the pathway to CPD leadership remain highly variable. Attaining a CPD leadership position predominantly involves some degree of "serendipity." While CPD leaders may fundamentally need basic and common leadership skills, an essential attribute of the CPD leader is to effectively respond to the context and the unique needs of the health system. We recommend better articulating and valuing the role of the CPD leader within the health system.

Effectiveness of Arabic Learning in Vocational School on the Mecors Assessment Scale

This research stems from the urgency of effectiveness in learning Arabic as a foreign language for students in Indonesian schools. The learning design aims to achieve pre-set competencies and goals, thus ensuring effective learning. The purpose of this research is first to know the implementation of Arabic language learning at SMK Islamic Center Baiturahman Semarang and second to know the effectiveness of Arabic language learning at SMK Islamic Center Baiturahman Semarang in terms of process and results. The type of research conducted is field research with an analytic descriptive qualitative approach. We conducted the study at SMK Islamic Center Baiturahman Semarang. Data were collected using observation, interview, test, and documentation methods. Data analysis involves making field notes and giving codes; collecting, sorting, classifying, synthesizing, summarizing, and indexing data; providing interpretation so that the data categories have meaning; looking for and suggesting patterns and relationships; and making general findings. The findings of this study are the implementation of Arabic language learning at SMK Islamic Center Baiturahman, which refers to the curriculum used and follows the process standards even though it could be better. According to the MECORS rating scale, the effectiveness of integrated learning is quite adequate based on teachers' basic teaching skills. The prerequisites of effective learning according to Al-Khuliy's criteria in the category are well met.

Optimizing resident training in obstetrics and gynecology: a new perspective on the refined Peyton four-step teaching method

ObjectiveIn the surgery-focused field of obstetrics and gynecology (OB-GYN), the development of residents’ skills is paramount. This study aims to evaluate the impact of an enhanced Peyton Four-Step Teaching Model on the foundational skill training of first-year OB-GYN residents.MethodsUtilizing a cohort study design, we assessed 116 first-year residents from the OB-GYN residency program at Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University from June 2021 to June 2023. The 57 residents beginning their training in 2022 were part of the Refined Peyton (RP) group, introduced to the RP method; the 59 residents from 2021 served as the Traditional Teaching-mode (TTM) group, receiving conventional simulation-based instruction. Teaching effectiveness was assessed by comparing theoretical knowledge and skill performance assessments, National Medical Licensing Examination (NMLE) pass rates, direct observation of procedural skills (DOPS) one year post-training, and survey feedback.ResultsThe theoretical knowledge scores for both groups were comparable at 78.78 ± 4.08 and 78.70 ± 3.83, with no significant difference (P = 0.76). However, the experimental group demonstrated superior performance in skill operation assessments, first-time NMLE pass rates, and DOPS evaluations one year after training [(77.05 ± 5.39) vs. (84.60 ± 5.65), 100.0% (57/57) vs. 86.4% (51/59), and (75.22 ± 3.56) vs. (82.54 ± 3.43)], as well as higher teaching satisfaction scores [(4.63 ± 0.46) vs. (3.92 ± 0.62)], with all differences being statistically significant (P < 0.05).ConclusionThe refined Peyton Four-Step Teaching Model significantly improves the immediate acquisition and long-term retention of clinical basic skills among OB-GYN residents, enhancing both teaching efficacy and resident satisfaction.

Development of STEAM activity “Eco-Friendly Straw” based science learning kit to examine students’ basic science process skills

To response the calls of reducing single-use plastic consumption, scientists are increasingly interested in exploring alternatives to plastic for making drinking straws. Many commercial eco-friendly drinking straws are made using several raw materials namely paper, wheat, or rice. These involve complex machinery process and advanced technology that are too complicate for students to learn applying skills and knowledge in implementation. One of alternatives is the straw from nature innovation of Sakon Nakhon Rajabhat University (SNRU). It uses flours as raw materials and relies on basic science knowledge of polymer. The innovation has been simplified as an affordable science learning kit for students learning science through making edible drinking straws without using machine and chemical contained. This study developed a STEAM activity “Eco-Friendly Straw” based the science learning kit to examine students’ basic science process skills (BSPS). The STEAM activity consisted of four sections corresponding to six-procedure engineering design process (EDP). The samples were 120 students from secondary school and high school levels with 60 people per level. The students’ group worksheets and produced drinking straws were analyzed and revealed that BSPS performance of the high school students was higher. The art discipline of the STEAM activity was found fostering learning engagement of the students whose BSPS scores were low. The change of pre-test to post-test on polymer of both student levels was found a significant difference. The satisfaction of the secondary school students was higher. Guidance for teachers interested applying this STEAM activity to their classrooms is provided.

Design of basic football skills test instrument for university students

Football is one of the practical courses included in the curriculum in three study programs at the Department of Sports Science, State University of Medan (Unimed). The football skills taught include short and long passing, receiving, dribbling, heading, and shooting. To date, there has not been a standardized skills test suitable for heterogeneous students, allowing lecturers to use it for assessment purposes. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a skill test so that the learning provided can be evaluated properly. It is widely recognized that assessment is a fundamental aspect of education, because inaccurate assessment can hinder the achievement of learning objectives. This study aims to identify the optimal approach to football skill test development for students. The research methodology used is the research and development (R&amp;D) method. The research model used in this study is the Borg and Gall model which is only adopted consisting of several stages, namely needs analysis, design, development, and trial and validation. The population of the study (test takers) consisted of the male students of the Coaching Department (n=30), selected by a purposive sampling technique. The results of the analysis were analyzed using descriptive analysis and validation test analysis from expert assessments. The end result is a basic football technical test instrument, which includes instructions and drawings for each test. This test is useful for evaluating students enrolled in football courses, especially for university-level students. Keywords: Football Learning, Basic Skill, Developed Technical Test, University Students.