Basic Meaning Research Articles

Makna Teologi Istirahat Dan Perkembanganya Dalam Kitab-Kitab Kanonik

Theology of Rest emerged when scholars became interested in research on the sabbath. This is because the understanding of Jews, Christians and some Christian factions have different views on the meaning of the Sabbath. Although the debate over the legality of the Sabbath has reached a point where it depends on the meaning believed by each of these groups, it is necessary to conduct research on the basic meaning of the Sabbath and its development in canonical books. Thus, the theology of rest is built not only on a cultural basis, but on the revelation of God's Word. Topical analysis and intertextual texts will shed light on the basic meaning and development of the idea of the Sabbath in building a theology of rest. Finally, a theological formulation of the rest (sabbath) is based on careful analysis of biblical texts.

EMOTION CONTROL IN THE QUR’AN: STUDY OF TOSHIHIKO IZUTSU’S SEMANTIC APPROACH TO KAẒIM VERSES

One of the problems that always exists in every human being is negative emotions. This study aims to find out how to control emotions in the Qur’an through deepening the meaning of the word kaẓim with the sematic approach of Thosihiko Izutsu. This term is repeated 6 times which is covered in 6 surahs. Each verse contained in various surahs certainly has a different meaning, so it requires a deep understanding. The semantics of the Qur’an according to Izutsu is an attempt to reveal the world view (weltanschauung) through semantic analysis of the vocabulary or key terms of the Qur’an. The process carried out in this research is to examine the basic meaning, relational meaning, and historical meaning of the word kaẓim. The result of this research is that the word kaẓim based on the semantic analysis of Toshihiko Izutsu is a word that contains full meaning and closes it tightly. Signaling unfriendly feelings in one’s heart either because of anger, sadness, disappointment, shame, fear, and irritation, his mind is always demanding revenge, but he holds those feelings in his heart. Therefore, there are 4 ways to control emotions in kaẓim terms, namely, with prayer, dzikrullah, patient, and silence.

"Patriots Governing Hong Kong" and the Innovation of Practice Path to Cultivate the Chinese National Community Consciousness

The basic meaning of "patriots ruling Hong Kong" is that Hong Kong people who love China and love Hong Kong govern Hong Kong society to ensure the smooth implementation of the "One Country, Two Systems" system and the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region in Hong Kong and maintain the long-term prosperity and stability of Hong Kong society. There is a logical connection between "patriots governing Hong Kong" and Hong Kong's united front work, which has firmly established the consciousness of the Chinese nation's community. "patriots governing Hong Kong" strengthens the awareness of patriotism and love of Hong Kong and helps to forge the consciousness of the Chinese nation's community. The main path for the innovation and development of the Chinese nation’s community consciousness is to promote the generation and development of the national outlook + national outlook + historical outlook + cultural outlook in Hong Kong and Macau, and to promote the industrial chain + supply chain + innovation chain + value in the construction of the Greater Bay Area The “multi-chain integration” of chain + united front chain promotes the exchanges and integration of ethnic groups and ethnic groups in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area in the people's livelihood-oriented + science and education-oriented + demonstration leadership.

HAKIKAT MANUSIA DAN POTENSINYA MENURUT AL-QUR’AN DAN HADITS

Humans are the noblest creatures in the sight of Allah swt in various fields, from form, behavior, communication, social interaction, to the establishment of applicable laws and connectedness with God. The Qur'an and Hadith in relation to Islamic Religious Education convey studies related to human nature and all its potentials that can be carried out by each individual human being for the benefit of himself, others and broader interests, to the level of becoming the best human profile in the version. Al Qur'an and human quality according to the study of Hadith. This article aims to find the meaning of Potential and Human Nature according to the Qur'an and Hadith. This writing method is in the form of a literature study (Library Research). The results of the writing describe that human nature has the basic meaning of Basyar (human with body dimensions), Insan (human with dimensions of growth and development), Bani adam (humans with hereditary dimension). The potential that exists in humans is the Instinct Potential (Emotional), Intellectual Potential (Intellectual), Sensory Potential (Physical), Religious Potential (Spiritual).

TELAAH KONSEP TAFWĪḌ DAN TAKWIL PADA AYAT-AYAT MUTASHĀBIHĀT DALAM AL-QUR’AN DAN TERJEMAHANNYA TERBITAN KEMENAG RI EDISI PENYEMPURNAAN TAHUN 2019

This study reveals the concepts of tafwīḍ and takwil in the mutashābihāt verses in the Qur'an and its translation published by the Indonesian Ministry of Religion in the 2019 edition of the perfected edition. Both concepts also have an effect on the translation of the Qur'an initiated by the Ministry of Religion of the Republic of Indonesia. This research uses the descriptive-analytic method through literature study using mutashābihāt, tafwīḍ, and takwil theories. Based on the analysis that has been done, this study concludes that the concept of tafwīḍ is translated by the Ministry of Religion of the Republic of Indonesia with two models, namely (1) translating according to its basic meaning without being accompanied by footnotes, and (2) translating according to its basic meaning, accompanied by explanations in footnotes. While the takwil concept is translated into three models, namely (1) turning it away from the meaning of āhir without adding an explanation, (2) allowing the meaning of āhir to be accompanied by an explanation in brackets, and (3) allowing the meaning of āhir to be accompanied by an explanation in the footnote.

Semantic Changes and Pragmatic Functions of Address Form “Bao” in Chinese Media Context

As an emerging address form, "Bao" is popular and widely used in media and has its own place in lovers' prattles. This article compares the newly fashioned address "bao" with the other two address forms, "bao bao" popular in 2015 as one of the ten buzzwords and "bao bei", respectively. It is found that the three shares the basic semantic meaning, but the degrees of their semantic extension differ. There are three semantic meanings: to refer to children from the parents' part, refer to someone in close relation, and refer to all the people. Meanwhile, "bao" has its distinctive features in pragmatic functions. The first one is to maintain a harmonious relationship, and the second is to achieve communicative goals. Therefore, we should consider when choosing among the three addresses, albeit their semantic generalization, in case of pragmatic failure.

Semantics of the regulative maty (mother) in Andrei Sheptytsky’s epistles

The article highlights the issue of the lexical regulative maty semantics in the epistles of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church Metropolitan Andrei Sheptytsky. Since the case study material is the religious style texts, the lexeme under consideration, in addition to its basic meaning of „woman, in relation to the child she gave birth to”, expands its semantics with the meaning of „church, in relation to its believers” with its concretization through the adjective lexemes native, genuine. The frequency actualization of the regulative maty (mother) has been revealed in the names of the religious discourse Mother of God, God’s Mother, Mother of Christ, Holy Mother, Blessed Mother, used to denote the motherhood of the Virgin Mary in relation to Jesus Christ, and in the nomens the Mother of us all, the Mother of Heaven, used for the explication of her motherhood significance to all the faithful on the Earth. The secular meaning of the lexical regulative mother is determined by the style of woman’s behavior as a Christian and indicated, primarily, by the attributes of pious, Christian, native mother (a family status in relation to children). The Metropolitan’s idiostyle illustrates the use of the studied regulative in a clear family hierarchy, for example father and mother; father, mother, brother, sister, wife, husband; mother and a child, including a generalized collective image of all women, whose primary mission is the birth and upbringing of children.

The Verb שָׁאַף in Biblical Hebrew

Abstract Biblical Hebrew lexicons unanimously present the basic meaning of the verb שׁאף as “pant, snuff.” Absent etymological evidence, however, the lexical value of the verb hangs on the contextual interpretation of three attestations where the verb has not undergone semantic expansion: Isa 42:14; Jer 2:24; 14:6. Fresh analysis of the philological evidence garners support for an alternate interpretation of שׁאף רוח in Jer 2:24; 14:6 as “bray, cry out” and suggests that ואשׁאף in Isa 42:14 constitutes an elliptical form of the phrase with the same meaning. This new semantic understanding in turn allows for a reanalysis of derived meanings, furnishing a revised understanding of the verb שׁאף.

On the origin of the Mainstream Hakka word [oi1] “mother”

Abstract One of the most common morphemes meaning “mother” in the Hakka dialects is a syllable pronounced [oi1], [ɔi1], or the like. This word, so far as is known, has no phonologically systematic cognates in other Chinese dialect families and is not attested in early Sinographic records. Nor has any plausible non-Sinitic donor language been identified for it. The object of the present paper is to suggest a possible earlier origin for this word. Our hypothesis is that it is in fact a fusion of a Common Neo-Hakka compound *a1 moi1, in which the first element is a kinship prefix and the second is a word whose basic meaning is “mother, aunt, etc.” The paper then suggests that the morpheme *moi1 descends from an even older, pre-Hakka word *moi4, which may in turn have been related in some way to the pre-Hàn word mǔ 母 “mother”.

The role of the semantheme “Heart” in the structure of the field “Spiritual state” (based on the material of the Russian language)

The article deals with the question of denotative space of spiritual state concepts, analyzes the semantic structure of the lexeme ‘Heart’, author makes attempts to reconstruct the semantheme ‘Heart’, what is based on the lexicographic dictionaries data, contexts usage and stable combinations. The nests of semanthems, where each semantic feature of the stratified complex was acted as dominant, are also analyzed. Thus at the level of language prototypes and at the level of implementation of these prototypes in the language an attempt to fully describe the structure of the semantheme “Heart” is complete. The author drew attention to the texts of the early historical era, where it was noticed that abstract concepts at the language level were denoted using the lexical block “Heart”, but at the present stage of language development all these concepts have a separate lexeme. This observation gave the author the opportunity to assert that the “Heart” is one of the first semanthems in the spiritual sector of the system “Man”. Based on the analysis, author is stated that in the hierarchy of the spiritual sector of the system “Man” semantheme 'Heart' occupies a nuclear position, it is initial nominator of the specific reaction of the heart as an organ, later it spread the field of meaning in the direction of three other basic meanings – thoughts/feelings/desires, which gave the language consciousness the opportunity to build all subsequent abstract concepts, nuclear generalized features of the semantheme 'heart' can be found in the semantic structure of the lexical units, nominating the sphere of spirituality. The study of the semantheme ‘Heart’ paved the way for the possibility of a new vision to the vocabulary of emotions and mental states in general denotative space. The author suggests including to the denotative space the assessment of the phenomenon by the participant, the intensity of the manifestation of the heart reaction, the intensity of desire, facial or effective reaction. It is proposed to specify the intensity using a scale with positive and negative indicators.

The Psychological Meaning of Self-Forgiveness in a Collectivist Context and the Measure Development.

PurposeSelf-forgiveness requires a cognitive reframing of one’s views of the self. It may be a positive situational strength, and it has been shown that higher levels of self-forgiveness are related to well-being and a specific personality type. However, the concept, per se, and the inner healing process of self-forgiveness are still unclear because of a lack of cultural awareness in this research field. The current research aimed to conduct a conceptual analysis in a collectivist context and create an optional measurement scale for assessing self-forgiveness in a target population.Methods and ResultsIn Study 1, using multidimensional scaling (MDS), the findings suggested that the conceptual structure of self-forgiveness among Taiwanese participants (N = 232) can be categorized into three dimensions: embodied awareness, positive change, and wisdom growth. The scale was created by using item analysis, factor analysis, hierarchical regression analysis, and correlation analyses in Study 2 (N = 231) and Study 3 (N = 805), the scale was found to have adequate reliability and validity, and the scores correlated with measures of self-control and resilience.ConclusionThe constructs of self-forgiveness among a sample in Taiwan have three basic psychological meanings. The measure designed here is supported by adequate psychometric evidence. Further research will be necessary to increase the understanding of self-forgiveness cross-culturally, provide additional empirical validation and methodological refinement within different target groups, and investigate intra-individual positive strength change for the improvement and practical application of the current measurement tool.

Urgensitas Semantik Dalam Memahami Kandungan Al-Qur’an

The Qur'an as a way of life deserves to be studied and understood. One way to understand the Qur'an is through interpretation. One of them uses semantic methods. The uniqueness of the semantic method is that it focuses more on the meaning of the word verse which results in a more detailed interpretation, so the urgency of this method needs to be taken into account. This study analyzes the concept of semantics, types, and their application in interpretation. The method used in this study is a literature study by exploring various sources such as books and journal articles. The results of this study indicate that Semantics is a language analysis method used in the interpretation of the Qur'an by focusing on the meaning of words from a verse. Semantics consists of various types of "meaning" with all their respective functions. The steps taken when using semantics in interpretation are to determine keywords, reveal the basic and relational meanings, explore the history of the verse, to put forward the concepts offered in the verse.

Is the preposition za aggressive?

The preposition za is primary preposition that has dimensional and non-dimensional meanings and comes with genitive, accusative and instrumental. The basic meaning of the preposition za is considered to be the spatial meaning, but its general accusative meaning of purpose and intention is also emphasized. Possibilities of substituting and suppressing other prepositions confirm the aggressiveness of prepositions za, and the use in front of immutable words confirms the processes of accusativeization, grammaticalization and lexicalization.

Jonathan Swift’s Word-Book: A Vocabulary Compiled for Esther Johnson and Copied in Her Own Hand. Ed. A. C. Elias Jr., John Irwin Fischer, and Panthia Reid.

<i>Jonathan Swift’s Word-Book: A Vocabulary Compiled for Esther Johnson and Copied in Her Own Hand</i>. Ed. A. C. Elias Jr., John Irwin Fischer, and Panthia Reid.

Peran Hukum Dalam Percepatan Pembangunan Ekonomi

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between law and economics, not a one-way relationship but a reciprocal and mutually influencing relationship. In fact, it is often said that the legal relationship with the economy is like two sides of a coin that cannot enter and complement each other. The role of law in economic development can be briefly interpreted as an effort to increase per capita income continuously and gradually. The research method uses the type of library research, normative juridical research approach, data sources from secondary data and qualitative data analysis. The results show that the economic order must be instrumental in overcoming the problems that exist in every economic society, namely economic functions, economic activities and economic order that lead to a policy. Economic law is needed as a driver to balance the increase in economic activity so that its implementation does not violate the interests of the general public. The role of law in development has a more comprehensive and basic meaning than the term legal development or legal reform. Legal development refers more to efficiency, in the sense of increasing legal efficiency. "Legal reform" contains the meaning of compiling a legal system to adapt to changes in society

Tomaru Verb Polysemy in Japanese

Polysemy is the capacity for a word or phrase to have multiple related meanings. Tomaru verb is one of the polysemous verbs. This study aims to describe the basic meaning and the extended meaning of the verb tomaru in Japanese. Data collection in this study used the method of observing with the note-taking technique. In addition, the data analysis in this study used descriptive and agih methods. As for the presentation of the results of the analysis in this study using informal methods. Based on the results of the analysis, it can be concluded that the verb tomaru has one basic meaning and seven extended meanings. The verb tomaru basic meaning is to stop. Meanwhile, the extended meaning namely something that comes out does not come out; something that flows becomes nonflowing; something sustainable becomes unsustainable; something that comes does not come; resting temporarily in a certain place; undetached, fixed in place; and what has been seen and heard leaves an impression

Эвфемизмы семантического поля секс в русском и польском языках с точки зрения их прямых значений

The aim of this article is to compare the basic meanings of Russian and Polish euphemisms from the semantic field of sex. Eight areas of this field were examined: the terms for the sexual act, the male sex organ, testicles, the female sex organ, buttocks, breasts, and prostitutes. Along with the area of the sexual act, a separate meaning for ‘engaging in a sexual activity’ has been differentiated. The analysis showed that the basic meanings are divided into the same groups in both languages, which allows us to conclude that euphemisms from the semantic field of sex in Russian and Polish are created based on similar cognitive foundations.

Research on Ideological and Political Integration of Curriculum in Colleges, Universities and Primary Schools

"Curriculum Ideology and politics" is not a specific course or a class of courses, but an educational and teaching concept. Its basic meaning is that all courses have the dual functions of imparting knowledge, cultivating ability and ideological and political education, and bear the role of cultivating students' world outlook, outlook on life and values. The curriculum of Ideological and political education needs to be excavated in combination with the professional quality requirements of students' future work; Combined with the great practice of socialism with Chinese characteristics; Combined with international and domestic current affairs.

Retrospection of Analytical Data Collected through Smart Devices for Diseases and Disability Caused by Physical Inactivity.

The basic meaning of inactive lifestyle is doing sedentary activities. This includes playing video games, watching TV, operating computers, and sitting in a particular place for a long time. It may be sitting on the train or in bus, car, or office. This has many adverse effects on our bodies. This paper emphasizes the importance of physical activity, and a case study is presented to support the hypothesis that physical activity can certainly help improve human health. The diseases caused by inactive life are discussed in our paper. In this paper, a case study is described in which 200 individuals have participated in an activity called “Activity is Life,” with the goal of improving the sedentary lifestyle and getting rid of physical ailments. The usage of analytical tools is made to analyse the data collected from the empirical research study, and IoT-based smart devices are used to capture the runtime data. The physicians and nurses have odd working hours, they have to go through many stress-induced situations, and most of them are suffering from life-threatening diseases such as depression, hypertension, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases. The main reason is inactivity in their lifestyles. To carry out an experimental study and to see the impact of regular activities on the health of doctors and nurses, a program was designed where 200 participants have participated. It is found that the activity-based 30-day program yielded great health benefits, including reduction in stress level, improvement in sleep quality index, and improvement in blood pressure values.

IN THE BEGINNING THERE WILL HAVE BEEN VIOLENCE: JUSTICE AND LAW. THE BROTHERS KARAMAZOV BY FYODOR DOSTOEVSKY

The realistic novel "The Brothers Karamazov” raises critical questions about modernist poetics, which refer to questions of religion, justice, law, and order within the narrative. They are interpreted both on the universal and the individual conceptual level, making the novel a complex system of narrative sequences. In the sequence related to the character of Ivan Karamazov, questions of fiction within fiction, writing and creation, repetition of the roles of the author and spectral characters in the story and the character of Ivan Karamazov are raised. These questions are modernist-critical and it is the intensity of their appearance that is referred to here. Modernism establishes the problematic situation of art itself, placing in the form of a meta quality, not only the question of artistic quality but also the field it belongs to in the foundations of the works of art themselves. The question raised is rooted in the basic meaning of literature. Literary forms bend self-referentially towards themselves, in order to twist anew and express reality. Modernist works ask readers whether all literary themes are legitimately literary or whether literature can deal with "any" topic. These questions have arisen since art has self-referentially bent towards the entirety of culture and art, and all the various questions raised in specific scientific fields. Therefore, it is sometimes said that literary works are, for example, philosophical, psychological. However, that refers to the entire literary order, whereas in the stated narrative the questions are so complex and the question of the literary status itself is entwined with their complexity