Basic Life Research Articles

Existential Happiness

Abstract Existential happiness is happiness that one has a basic life at all. Having a basic life, as I understand it, involves being the subject of experiences and being an agent in some minimal sense. As I argue, existential happiness is a fitting response to having a basic life. To make this argument, I look at two possible accounts of the fittingness of existential happiness: the value of a basic life and attachment to the constitutive elements of one’s life. I also consider a few possible sources of existential happiness, including encounters with death, counterfactual thinking, and hedonically positive feelings of awe directed toward one’s own consciousness.

Searching for extraterrestrial intelligence across a century

Abstract This short paper explores the century-long journey of searching for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI) with a focus on the radiowave spectrum. Beginning with early experiments by David Todd and Charles Jenkins, who attempted interplanetary communication using radio technology, it traces the historical development of SETI. The paper discusses significant milestones, such as Project OZMA in 1961 and the transition to modern searches, particularly the Breakthrough Listen project, which represents the most comprehensive effort in SETI history. The vastness of the Universe, the potential for life in various planetary systems and the challenges of differentiating between basic life and intelligent life are highlighted. The discussion includes the concept of technosignatures—signals indicative of advanced technology—and the advancements in telescope technology like the Square Kilometre Array Observatory (SKAO) that enhance SETI capabilities. Recent developments are also addressed, such as an intriguing signal detected in 2020 and the future of SETI is envisioned, including the possibility of building a radio telescope on the far side of the Moon to escape interference from human technosignatures as humans continue to expand into space.

Income Determinants of Poor Households in Suter Village, Bangli Regency

Poverty is a problem in development that is multidimensional in nature. It is not only social and economic, but also cultural, political, and spatial and temporal. Poverty is not only living with a lack of money and low income, but also powerlessness in dealing with power and determining the direction of life goals. This is caused by certain factors such as employment opportunities, age, and the number of dependents that affect the income of poor households to fulfill their basic lives. This study aims to 1) analyze job opportunities, age, and the number of dependents simultaneously on the income of poor households in Suter Village, Bangli Regency. 2) analyze job opportunities, age, number of dependents, and income partially on the income of poor households in Suter Village, Bangli Regency. 3) analyze the dominant variables of job opportunities, age, and number of dependents that affect the income of poor households in Suter Village, Bangli Regency. This research was conducted in Suter Village, Bangli Regency with a sample size of 80 respondents using a sampling method namely Probability sampling and Nonprobability sampling. In this research, observavation, structured interviews, and in-depth interviews were used as a data collection methods. Multiple linear analysis is used as a data analysis technique. The results of this study indicate that 1) the variables of job opportunities, age, and number of dependents simultaneously have a significant effect on the income of poor households in Suter Village, Bangli Regency. 2) the variables of job opportunities, age, and number of dependents partially have a significant effect on the income of poor households in Suter Village, Bangli Regency. 3) job opportunities have a dominant effect on the income of poor households in Suter Village, Bangli Regency.

Основные направления реализации прав граждан на социальное обслуживание в городе Москва (на примере проекта «Московское долголетие»)

This article examines the legal framework for the implementation of social services in the city of Moscow for certain categories of citizens. It was noted that the Moscow Government paid special attention to social services for older people, and aimed not only at improving their living conditions, but also at expanding the capabilities of these people to independently provide for their basic living needs. The article also analyzes, on the basis of which it can be concluded that the main directions of the implementation of the Moscow Longevity project are to provide retired citizens living in Moscow with socio-medical, socio-pedagogical, socio-labor services free of charge in order to expand the capabilities of these people to independently provide their basic life needs.

EVALUATING THE MEDIA COVERAGE’S IMPACT ON COMMUNICATION ACTIVITIES RELATED TO SOCIAL SECURITY IN VIETNAM DURING THE PERIOD OF INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATION

Social security is an important subject of media coverage. By informing the needs of each person, group of people, community in difficulty and the activities of elements in the social safety network, the media coverage acts as a connection between social security levels and people. On the other hand, the media coverage is also a part of the social safety network, which discovers and advises the State on policy making and becomes a direct or indirect factor, making important material contributions to the spirit of the social security system. Social security is an important area of information in the journals, social security information is also very close and essential to people's lives. Because social security information includes almost all information related to people's, basic life needs such as insurance (social insurance, health insurance, unemployment insurance, etc.), minimum wage, pensions, benefits (maternity, sickness, work accidents, etc.), social incentives for people who have contributed to the country, emergency benefits for people in distress due to natural disasters, enemy sabotage and policies to support employment and vocational training for unemployed workers, people in particularly difficult circumstances, ethnic minorities in remote areas, people with disabilities, and others society (prostitution, drugs, etc.) to integrate into the community and ensure a minimum standard of living for them. The study was conducted to survey and evaluate the current state of media coverage’s effectiveness on communication activities of social security in Vietnam during the period of international integration, pointing out the advantages, limitations and causes of limitations.

К вопросу о профессиональном здоровье социальных работников

The article considers modern aspects of professional health of social workers. Today, the practice of social services carries out a systematic transition from various aspects of social control and patronage to psychosocial technologies of personality-oriented and social interaction, psychological and social counseling, collective and individual work with requests from various social groups of the population and clients of social services in general. The main purpose of the type of professional activity of a social worker, according to the professional standard, is to provide social services to recipients of social services in order to improve living conditions and (or) expand their ability to independently provide for their basic life needs. Social workers, in the process of performing diverse work functions, may face various professional stresses and difficulties, which, in turn, may affect their professional health, the development of professional deformation and the occurrence of symptoms of professional burnout. The rather rapid pace of digital transformation of educational activities entails the need to transform approaches to the professional training of social workers in the context of understanding the basics of maintaining professional health as a subject of labor both during training in higher educational institutions and in the process of mastering additional professional programs. For already working social workers with a certain experience of social activity, in the context of maintaining professional health, it is advisable to implement programs of psychological and pedagogical support of professional activity. In constantly changing socio-economic conditions, social workers need to maintain their professional and personal potential, which will allow them to be involved in active social life and in professional activity.

Trust Products: An Option to Protect the Basic Needs of People with Disabilities

The survey shows that people with disabilities in todays society are still vulnerable groups in society, and some families with a certain economic foundation are unable to manage the property left by their parents due to their children's disabilities, resulting in the inability to guarantee their basic life. Based on mobile phone data and literature summary, this paper analyzes the difficulties encountered by the disabled, and combined with current policies and domestic and foreign solutions to this problem, comes up with a solution in line with Chinas domestic conditions. The main objective of this paper is to find reliable products or models that guarantee the living needs of people with disabilities, and the main method of qualitative research is used. This study mainly concludes that the problems faced by people with disabilities include insufficient institutional supply, lack of dedicated custodial supervisors, and insufficient protection of other safeguards. This paper puts forward the idea of investing the amount people use to buy trust products and forming a variety of dif-ferent investment methods, which are mainly composed of stable investment and risk in-vestment, in order to fully guarantee the safety of investment and the rate of return of en-terprises, and ensure the normal life needs and rehabilitation expectations of the disabled.

Efficacy of the Continuous Resuscitation Training with the Gap Period Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic

(1) Objective: This study evaluates the effects of simulation education at our institute on cardiac arrest resuscitation regarding knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) over a five-year period (2016–2020). (2) Subjects: Staff responded to the annual survey questionnaires followed by monthly training in Basic Life Support/Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support (BLS/ACLS) and Immediate Cardiac Life Support (ICLS) of the Japanese Association for Acute Medicine (JAAM) in 2016, 2017, and 2018. Additionally, in-house training was implemented in 2019 without post-assessment followed by training suspension in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The last delivery of the survey questionnaires was in late 2020 for KAP retention measurement. (3) Measurements and Results: The self-efficacy level of BLS/ACLS/ICLS KAP of the survey respondents was analyzed using a five-point Likert scale. The mean self-efficacy level of BLS/ACLS/ICLS KAP increased over time, and that of the trained people was three-fold that of the untrained people. Trainees that had no cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) experience gained the BLS/ACLS/ICLS key-point self-efficacy level, which we call the “Grip 14” in this study, as high as their untrained counterparts who had three-time CPR experience. Training suspension lessened the BLS/ACLS/ICLS KAP in both groups. (4) Conclusions: Continuous training enhances not only the BLS/ACLS/ICLS KAP of trainees but also of their untrained colleagues. The training likely had the same efficacy as the CPR experience.

The Influence of Contemporary Art on Modern Design

Contemporary art, like modern design, cannot define a period scientifically, we can only understand it from a general period. Both contemporary art and modern design came into people's view gradually after the Second World War, and both actively explored and interacted with the whole world in their own ways of development under the great cultural environment after the Second World War. Although contemporary art and modern design have their own development characteristics, they have certain commonalities. Even in a certain sense, contemporary art and modern design are interchangeable. Due to the influence of science and technology and production factors, designers are different from artists. Art is a pure personal feeling, while design needs to take into account the preferences of the market, consumers and customers. Therefore, designers cannot be compared with artists in the pursuit of beauty. Therefore, in the design process, designers often draw inspiration from works of art, and the design thus develops in a good way. However, this does not mean that art and design are good or bad. Art and design are independent and interdependent, and art and design can only develop through mutual learning. Since the emergence of the Bauhaus Institute, modern design has undergone groundbreaking changes, from the pursuit of cumbersome and gorgeous design only for the aristocracy to the public design, simple style has become the dominant, which is a big step in the design industry. With the development of productivity level, design has changed from meeting people's basic life needs to meeting people's means of enriching daily life and improving the quality of life.

Research on the Operation Mode of Community Group Purchase in the Context of New Retail

As one of the manifestations of new retail, community group purchase fully embodies the core meaning of the integrated development of the new retail model "online + offline" - users place orders online and pick up goods offline the next day, providing users with a convenient and fast shopping experience under the new scenario of "people and goods yard". Especially during the epidemic, residents are limited to go out, and community group purchase plays an important role in ensuring people's basic life. Based on this, this paper preliminarily explores the operation mode of community group purchase, analyzes its basic form characteristics, advantages and existing problems, and puts forward countermeasures and suggestions.

Paulo Freire's Educational Approach as a Model of Christian Education in Reducing Poverty in the Village of Tumbang Manyoi Gunung Mas, Central Kalimantan

Poverty is a common thing that can occur in every region, region, and even any country in this world. However, poverty is not to be enjoyed or inherited but must be fought for to be eradicated so that one gets freedom from the condition of poverty itself. Many factors cause a person to become poor, one of which is the inability of a person to regulate his mindset so that he is also unable to overcome poverty directly. The absence of proper education for the people has made them poor, and in the end, the right to welfare has become impossible. Education for the poor needs to be done because the understanding that poverty has oppressed humanity must be immediately addressed. The mindset that sees poverty as oppression and must be fought for is not born without being shaped and encouraged by the educational process. But education for the poor is not easy because the priority is the basic life needs. Paulo Freire's educational approach which emphasizes critical thinking and dialogue; is considered relevant to the condition of poverty in Indonesia. Freire supports the birth of a change in mindset to be free from poverty. From a Christian perspective, the church has a role in cultivating spirituality and caring for the poverty of the surrounding community. The church needs a model to carry out Christian Education for its citizens. Researchers see that the influence of Christian Education in the village of Tumbang Manyoi, Miri Manasa sub-district, Gunung Mas district, Central Kalimantan province is relevant for the application. This study uses a qualitative approach with ethnographic studies. The research produces a model of Christian Education based on contextual cognition which emphasizes the concept of knowledge, experience, and application so that it can be applied in the church to people who are shackled by poverty.

Bi-Objective Allocation Models for Flood Relief Centers

Locational analysis is a technique used for discovering, assessing, and specifying the optimal placement of an organization, information, activities, and materials. Locational analysis can include developing models, techniques, and tools to help provide solution to location-based problems. In this study, locational analysis is referred as the process of analyzing the variables such as topography or terrain, elevation, rainfall amount and its distribution, population density, and locations of prone areas, in order to arrange the placement of relief centres during flood events. This is a crucial concern for the preparation of an evacuation process in order to determine the necessary number of relief centres that should be set up for flood victims. Geng et al (2020) conducted their study on the basis of different needs of disaster victims, whereby shelters are divided into two types which are basic life and psychological medical service guarantee. They mentioned that at present, the location model of refugee facilities often ignores the diversion of shelter from the perspective of humanitarian logistics and the need of victims. They conclude that in this study they considered the full coverage of needs of victims and determine the location of shelter and the allocation of affected people to use certain facilities in large-scale emergencies for distributing suppliers. Keywords: Location Allocation model, Flood Victims, Relief Centre

Removal of pharmaceutical contaminants through membrane bioreactor

One of the most basic life needs is water, being utilized in our consistent daily needs for example; drinking, washing, cooking, and so forth. The rapid growth of the population and economy around the world gives rise to the demand for sanitary water. Water is polluted by industry, residential, and agricultural waste streams. Pharmaceutical contaminants have been emerging in water bodies with different types of groups. This contaminant can be treated by conventional techniques such as; chlorination, activated carbon, etc. A membrane bioreactor is a combination of a membrane process like ultra-filtration or Nano-filtration with an activated sludge process. It can be equipped with external devices such as an external loop airlift membrane has proven to remove 100 % of acetaminophen within 24 h. It can also be equipped with reverse osmosis and nano-filtration membrane where it has proven to remove around 20 and 13 contaminants respectively with > 90 % removal efficiency. In addition, increasing some factors such as sludge retention time has shown significant removal efficiency while enhancing the performance of the bioreactor. The advantage of MBR over conventional treatment techniques is that it has greater removal efficiency, a small footprint, better process control, and low sludge production. This article reviews some methods used to remove pharmaceutical contaminants from wastewater using a membrane bioreactor.

SINIF ÖĞRETMENLERİNİN BEDEN EĞİTİMİ DERSİ VE OYUN KAVRAMI İLE İLGİLİ ALGILAMALARININ İNCELENMESİ

Classroom teachers are the most important people who lay the foundation for education and prepare students for life during their school years. The curriculum requires that class teachers provide 1 (one) hour of physical activity every weekday as part of physical education and games classes. Our study was conducted with the aim of investigating classroom teachers’ perceptions of physical education and play lessons and the concept of play. The qualitative research method was used for the study. The study group was formed by teachers teaching in Bandırma district in Balikesir province in the school year 2021-2022. In the study, classroom teachers said, “Teaching sports and games... It is like...” and “The game is like... because...” collected through the metaphor form asking them to complete their expressions. The data were analyzed using the content analysis method. As a result of the analysis, 53 metaphors for physical education and play and 41 metaphors for the concept of play were produced. In the study of metaphors used by classroom teachers for the perception of physical education and play, the factors of “expectation and desire”, “rule”, “health, entertainment and comfort”, “physical agility”, “freedom” and “basic life” were categorized into themes. When metaphors for play perceptions were examined, they were categorized into themes such as “recreation factor,” “education factor,” “life/basic life factor,” “freedom factor,” “comfort factor,” and “health factor.” The study found that positive metaphors emerged when examining physical education and play metaphors and teachers’ concept of play.

Ograniczenia w przeprowadzaniu licytacji nieruchomości wynikające z art. 952(1) Kodeksu postępowania cywilnego

COVID-19 pandemic caused number of adjustments in Polish law, including the scope of enforcement law regulation. The Polish law provides many ways for creditors to seek redress. One of the ways and at the same time the most complicated and complex is the enforcement from real estate owned by the debtor. Current situation however, indicates that the need to protect the debtor in relation to meeting his or her basic life needs is not insignificant. This paper attempts to discuss the addition of Article 952(1) to the Code of Civil Procedure. The presented restrictions under the indicated provision relate to special rules for conducting auctions of real estate used to satisfy the debtor's housing needs. As it turns out, this provision causes numerous interpretation problems in the practice of enforcement authorities.

THE ROLE OF TOURISM INDUSTRY GROWTH IN ATTAINING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS IN A MODERN GLOBALIZED WORLD

This article seeks to explore the effects of socioeconomic growth in the tourism industry to attain sustainable development goals in the contemporary globalized environment. A study on tourism as one of the fastest growing industries has revealed that modern tourism, an important area in foreign economic activity of many countries and a highly profitable sector, is a complex intersectoral phenomenon that contributes to tackling a number of critical economic and social issues. It is argued that tourism development promotes further integration and spurs international specialization. However, it is noted that rapid tourism growth might generate negative effects for the environment: soil and ocean pollution, climate change, inefficient use of energy sources, destruction of natural monuments, biodiversity loss, etc. In the context of this study, tourism is viewed as a promising management tool able to consolidate resources to meet economic, social and aesthetic needs along with preserving cultural identity, basic environmental processes, biodiversity and life support systems. Thus, the findings provide a rationale to assert that tourism boosting strategies should rely on sustainable development. It is emphasized that sustainable tourism development concept, in full compliance with the principles of harmonious development, is difficult to implement, however it is an ideal, a landmark that should be pursued. Despite the fact that over 4.2 million tourists visited Ukraine in 2021, the current tourism potential is yet to be further unlocked (the share of tourism industry in Ukraine's GDP makes only 1.5–2.5%). Among the key barriers to enhancing the tourism sector growth in Ukraine are the global COVID-19 pandemic as well as a range of managerial, economic, social, environmental and cultural factors. The study presents an overview on the recommendations of the Global Tourism Crisis Committee plan to restore the global tourism industry with a particular focus to attain sustainable development goals and the use of opportunities for transition to a circular economy.

A K-Means Clustering Algorithm for Early Warning of Financial Risks in Agricultural Industry

As the primary industry, agricultural industry is the basis of guaranteeing people’s basic life and national economic development. Agricultural industrial finance/financial is a weak link in the financial system, which seriously hinders the emergence of agricultural scale effect and the improvement in agricultural production efficiency. In order to find the financial risk of agricultural industry in time, this article proposes an agricultural industry financial risk early warning system based on improved K-means clustering algorithm. Because the traditional K-means algorithm is easy to fall into local optimization in the clustering process, the clustering effect is not reliable. In this article, the idea of immune cloning and particle swarm optimization location update is added to the grey wolf optimization algorithm. Grey wolf optimization algorithm and K-means algorithm are combined to solve the problem that K-means algorithm is easy to fall into local optimization. In the experimental part, through comparative verification, it can be found that the prediction performance of this system is superior to other models. Its practical application value is higher. Therefore, choosing this system for early warning of agricultural industry finance can effectively improve the accuracy of early warning and provide guarantee for the economic development of agricultural industry.

Child bride, a story that never ends: A look at experiences of Iranian women

Child marriage is one of the issues that deprive many young girls of their basic rights and lives. The present study aimed to explore Iranian child brides’ experiences of the consequences of early marriage. The participants were women living in Tehran who had married at the age of 14–18 years. The analysis of the participants’ experiences revealed four main themes, including ‘underlying causes of early marriages’, ‘concerns and negative feelings’, ‘exposure to violence’, and ‘consequences of early marriages’. Awareness of these challenges can provide useful insights to be used by social workers and policymakers to further support these women.

Depression symptoms and associated factors among thalassemia patients in the Palestinian Territories: a cross-sectional study

BackgroundThalassemia is a condition that causes the human body to destroy red blood cells faster than they can be made. It causes physical symptomology as well as psychological distress. The current study aimed to identify the prevalence of depression symptoms among individuals with moderate to severe thalassemia. A quantitative descriptive cross-sectional design was applied utilizing the Beck Depression Inventory to assess the level of depression in the sample.ResultsSome significant relationships were demonstrated in the sample: males reporting severe depression symptoms than females by 6.0 times (95% CI 0.07–0.62, p 0.014), and reporting moderate depression symptoms (95% CI 0.00–0.47, p 0.05). Additionally, income was found to be a predictor of level of depression symptoms with low income reported higher incidence of severe depression symptoms than those whose monthly income was > 400$ by 18.4 times (95% CI 0.38–1.03, p ≤ 0.001), but not reporting a significant association between moderate depressive symptoms and monthly income (95% CI − 012–1.47, P 0.225). A significant association was found between the educational attainment and level of depression symptoms with lower levels of education predicting higher levels of severe depression symptoms (95% CI 0.069–0.89, p 0.022), but no significant association was reported between moderate depression symptoms and educational attainment (95% CI − 0.49–0.01, p 0.81).Related to disease characteristics a relationship was confirmed between severe depressive symptoms and medication level such as the individual needing tablets or pumps (95% CI 0.189–1.05, p 0.005 and 95% CI 0.52–1.44, p 0.001) respectively. Other disease related variables showed no significant correlation with depressive symptom levels.Additional significant relationships were found in environment whereas increased moderate depressive symptoms were experienced by individuals residing in rural areas as opposed to those living in IDP camps or cities by 4 times (95% CI − 0.30–0.01, p 0.04), but no significant association was found between severe depression and the place of residence. The other independent variables had no significant correlation with severe or moderate depressive symptoms.ConclusionIn light of these findings addressing symptoms of depression directly and supporting patients with thalassemia with basic life needs unrelated to their disease maybe mitigating depressive symptoms which may negatively affect recovery.

Public participation and enhancement of service delivery in the Zululand District Municipality, KwaZulu-Natal Province

Public participation and gatherings help as important measures used by municipalities to interconnect and cooperate with people in communities, particularly about services and significant programmes to be delivered to them. A local government will always be the fundamental place for the provision of basic services and life improvement. However, in various places, there is a continuous failure in community participation, and amongst the places suffering from such a failure, ZDM is not excluded. The paper assessed the effectiveness of public participation in service delivery. The theoretical framework used in this paper included Arnstein’s ladder theory of participation as well as Agency theory to underpin the current study. The qualitative research approach was useful when collecting data by means of in-depth interviews and analyzing it using a Qualitative Content Analysis. A qualitative approach in this paper involved an interpretative paradigm. Social constructivism as one of the interpretive frameworks was also used when the analysis of data was carried out in this paper. The focus was on selected 5 Local Municipalities within ZDM. Conducting interviews and having in-depth interview sessions with 20 participants from the study area enabled a possible data collection for this paper. Collecting data in this research relevantly explained useful processes on public participation programmes and measures for better improvement of citizens. A qualitative content analysis ensured the coding of items or caused a proper manner through a systematic approach. The ultimate result of analyzing data was through identifying possible groupings, themes and arrangements. Therefore, collected data from interviews were grouped into themes. The findings indicated that a few programmes for public participation implemented in ZDM have not achieved the goal of the institution to deliver efficient services to the community. This is merely caused by a lack of knowing the significance of public participation in efficient service delivery by the community members, it is also a result of community representatives and municipal officials not having an interest to serve the community. Thus, it is concluded in this paper that it is vital for the community to be included in every plan that ZDM arranges for its people for rendering adequate services to them. Keywords: Public participation, service delivery, Zululand District Municipality (ZDM).