Basic Level Of Training Research Articles

BROADENING THE HORIZONS OF STUDENTS WITH THE PARTICIPATION OF INTEGRATION

In this article, the author highlights the expansion of the horizons of students of the specialty in teaching engineering graphics and design through the integration of disciplines, as well as increasing the requirements for the quality of professional training of engineers and designers, identifying the main tasks that are expected to be solved, improving the student's personal qualities in the implementation of project activities along with the basic level of training.

THE EFFICIENCY OF THE COMPETENCE-ORIENTED TEACHING METHOD AT THE CLINICAL DEPARTMENTS OF I. HORBACHEVSKY TERNOPIL NATIONAL MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

SUMMARY. Among researchers, there is no established view on the structure of professional competence of future specialists in general and future doctors in particular, regarding the types of competences that should be laid as its basis. This situation served as the basis for conducting an analysis of the effectiveness of various communicative educational methods for improving professional training of master's students at the university's clinical departments.
 The aim – to analyze the effectiveness of various teaching methods for the formation of professional competence of future doctors in key and subject competencies in emergency medical care.
 Results. Communicative competence is a dynamic combination of knowledge and practical skills, ways of thinking, professional, worldview, social qualities, moral and ethical values, which determines the ability of a person (student) to successfully carry out professional and further educational activities and is the result of learning at a certain level of education. The formation of the communicative competence of master's students is achieved thanks to the effective interaction of the teacher and the student (communication, exchange of knowledge, practice of abilities and skills), professional and personal qualities of the teacher, which are manifested through analytical perceptive, motivational-communicative, professionally-oriented and tactical-psychological communicative skills in solving professional tasks and individual properties of the subject of professional and pedagogical activity, necessary and sufficient for mastering communicative skills at the normatively determined level. To form the professional competence of future doctors in key and subject competencies in emergency medical care, the teachers of the clinical departments use a complex of interactive teaching methods based on the principles of a participatory-interactive approach. Such teaching methods include the method of educational discussion, game teaching methods, dialogue method, method of individual and group projects, as well as independent work of master's students.
 Conclusions. In order to achieve high communicative and professional competence of the future master's doctor in the specialty of emergency medical care, the teachers of the clinical departments of the university use such participatory and interactive teaching methods as the educational discussion method, game teaching methods, the dialogue method, the method of individual and group projects, as well as the method of independent works of master's students. The effectiveness of using each educational method depended on the individual characteristics of the personality of the teacher and the student, their basic level of training and motivation.

Methodical Preparation of the Future Physics Teachers to the Formation of Schoolchildren Science literacy

Based on the analysis of the research, the author identifies and substantiates the ways of preparing students as future physics teachers for the formation of natural science literacy among schoolchildren. The conclusion is made about the special methodological preparation of the future physics teacher for the formation of natural science literacy among schoolchildren. It is proposed to carry out such training as a system, taking into account the level implementation (basic, advanced, advanced levels of training). The option of training carried out at the Transbaikal State University in accordance with the curriculum in the direction of training 44.03.05 Pedagogical education (with two training profiles), profile “Informatics and Physics” is being considered. The basic level of training can be implemented within the framework of the normative discipline “Methods of training and education (Physics)”. An increased level of training can be carried out when studying the discipline “Modern technologies for teaching Physics”. An in-depth level of training can be implemented within the framework of elective disciplines (“Modern Physics Lesson”, “Selected Chapters of the Methods of Teaching Physics”), when writing term papers and final qualification papers on the methodology of teaching Physics. The article provides specific examples illustrating the implementation of the developed system of methodological training. Particular attention is paid to the basic and advanced levels of complexity methodological tasks within the framework of the methodological disciplines under consideration. The special role of methods and forms of teaching students is emphasized, assuming their active participation in the discussion of problems related to the formation of natural science literacy among schoolchildren when studying physics at school. Examples of special tasks of various levels of complexity on the formation of natural science literacy among schoolchildren when teaching Physics in basic school are given and analyzed. These tasks have been developed by a student under the guidance of the author of the article as a part of the final qualifying work. The theoretical basis of the study is a systematic approach. The author views the prospects for further research in identifying and substantiating approaches to the formation of competencies of a future physics teacher in conjunction with natural science literacy and its structural elements formed in schoolchildren when teaching physics.

Past and present of police non-comissioned officer training

Aim: Citizens will first and foremost have direct day-to-day contact with the officers who form the imaginary backbone of policing. This is the case, for example, with a roadside check, a police stop or any other ‘everyday’ police action, where the legislator and all members of society expect our police officers to make sound, human and professional decisions. In taking action, the police must make necessary, proportionate, legal and professional decisions, one of the essential prerequisites of which is an appropriate level of basic training, continuous training and further training, and the continuous development of knowledge. The aim of this study is to present the past and present of the training of police officers, which is little known to many.Methodology: For the preparation of the study, in addition to examining the available relevant domestic literature, the practical aspects of today’s officer training will be discussed.Findings: The police profession is a highly responsible service requiring specialised knowledge and skills, and the training programmes and institutions that provide the foundations for this have evolved and continue to evolve with the expectations placed on police forces throughout their history, which has been full of trials and challenges.Value: The study presents the past and present of the little-known training of domestic police officers.

MODERN SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT ISSUES OF HIGHER PHARMACY EDUCATION, SCIENCE, INNOVATION AND PERSPECTIVES TOWARDS ON UNIVERSAL PHARMACIST’ PROFESSION GLOBALLY

The main objective of the study was to analyze the modern scientific research development issues of higher pharmacy education, science, innovation and perspectives towards on universal pharmacist’ profession globally. The study was a quantitative investigation and analysis of the characteristics of pharmaceutical vocational inquires and challenges in the direction on pharmacists’ profession, role, problems, perspectives and innovations in pharmaceutics and medicine in Georgia by using questionnaires. Were conducted a survey study. The in-depth interview method of the respondents was used in the study. The 7 types of approved questionnaires were used (Respondents were randomly selected): Questionnaire for chief pharmacists: 410 chief pharmacists participated in the study. Questionnaire for patients: 1506 patients (customers of drug-stores) participated in the study. Questionnaire for the employed pharmacy faculty-student: 222 employed pharmacy faculty students participated in the study. Questionnaire for health-care specialists: 307 public health specialists participated in the study. Questionnaire for pharmacist specialist, 810 pharmacist specialists participated in the study. Were used methods of systematic, sociological (surveying, questioning), comparative, mathematical-statistical, graphical analysis. The data were processed and analyzed with the SPSS program. We conducted descriptive statistics and regression analyses to detect an association between variables. Statistical analysis was done in SPSS version 11.0. A Chi-square test was applied to estimate the statistical significance and differences. We defined p< 0.05 as significant for all analyses. According to the study results, the level of basic training of pharmacists should be in compliance with the contemporary requirements. The pharmacist should have deep knowledge in pharmacology, in pharmacotherapy, in toxicology, in pharmaceutical care, in clinical pharmacy, in pharmacokinetics, in pharmacodynamics, in basic of medicine and in other pre-clinical and clinical directions. Such knowledge can be obtained only in the higher pharmaceutical education institutions. Therefore, pharmacist working in pharmacy must have only higher pharmaceutical education. It is necessary to provide a deep cooperation between pharmacists and physicians on the issues of pharmacotherapy and healthcare to ensure the patients’ health state effective improvement, and also to provide the best feedback regulation and revision in the healthcare specialists’ team work. Pharmacists also should be responsible for registration of the drugs’ side effect, as well as be attentive in case of improperness and professional defects of drugs they provide. To achieve that it is necessary to raise awareness of specialists on the essence of pharmacists’ profession and functions among the medical personnel and general public. Keywords: scientific, pharmacist, pharmacy, profession, medicine, pharmaceutics, education.

ESSENTIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PEDAGOGICAL TECHNOLOGIES AND PECULIATIRIES OF THEIR APPLICATION IN FUTURE DOCTORS TRAINING COURSE

One of the most important tasks of education reform in Ukraine is to foster creative individuals prepared to meet the social demands at both the national and international. The introduction of a competence-based approach to modern higher education and the formation of professional competence of future professionals is the best indicator of the quality of education received. Today’s demands for higher education institutions are to reach a qualitatively new level of presentation of educational material, apart from traditional, widely used modern pedagogical technologies. The aim of this study is to analyze the psychological and pedagogical, methodological literature and to identify the essential characteristics of pedagogical technologies. Material and methods. The study implies the analysis of psychological and pedagogical, methodological literature, the materials of educational and methodical conferences, methodological work of the department. To achieve the goal, clarifying the essence and peculiarities of the use of modern pedagogical technologies in the educational process theoretical methods (analysis, synthesis, generalization, comparison, systematization, pedagogical modelling, theoretical prediction) are used.
 The rank of an educational institution is determined by the quality of the innovative technologies it uses effectively. For the development of higher medical education it is advisable to implement and integrate into the educational process all the above described pedagogical technologies, and the effectiveness of their use depends on the interaction of factors that support the educational process: competent teachers who are highly skilled in pedagogical technologies and constantly improve their professional level; motivation and sufficient level of basic training of future teachers; The main goal of the project is to develop the educational process and to improve the quality of teaching and learning; to actively implement modern educational technologies; to effectively integrate all known types and levels of educational technologies.
 The use of modern pedagogical technologies in professional training of future physicians contributes to the formation of professional competence of the students by developing the skills of self-study and scientific and investigative work, inter-industry communication, teamwork, analysis and synthesis, creativity, ability to cooperate with specialists of other specialties, to solve problems and make decisions, etc.

Current aspects of training Ukrainian doctors for reconstructive microsurgery

Modern technologies and the skills of specialists in reconstructive microsurgery make it possible to solve the problem of restoring the lost cover tissues and bone tissues of the skeleton in one stage with the greatest efficiency, as well as to carry out replantation of limbs or their parts. However, the shortage of such specialists is widely recognized, leading to an increase in disability and death, which account for up to 30% of the global burden of the national health service. In the work, which prepared by specialists from the centres of the cities Dnipro and Kiev, the issue of mastering the skills of reconstructive microsurgery by young specialists is considered. The authors conduct a comparative analysis of teaching methods at two bases in Ukraine and two bases in the European Union.At the current level of development of international educational programs of a specialized online community (international microsurgery club), it is possible to improve or master new techniques for a surgeon of any level of basic training. According to the price-quality criterion and geographical location, the Pius Branzeu Center laboratory (Romania), in the context of the globalization of the world economy and the integration of the European Union countries, can be considered as optimal centre for teaching basic skills for residents and young doctors. However, after obtaining these skills, the microsurgeon must continue training in the real clinical conditions of existing centres in Ukraine for obtain practical experience.

РАЗРАБОТКА ЭЛЕМЕНТОВ АВТОМАТИЗИРОВАННОЙ СИСТЕМЫ ПРОЕКТИРОВАНИЯ ПРИВОДОВ ГЛАВНОГО ДВИЖЕНИЯ МЕТАЛЛОРЕЖУЩИХ СТАНКОВ С ФОРМИРОВАНИЕМ ТЕХНИЧЕСКОЙ ДОКУМЕНТАЦИИ В КОМПАС–3D

The aim of the work was to develop elements of an automated design system for the main movement drives of metal–cutting machines. As automated subsystems, design modules for belt drives, couplings, gearboxes, spindle assemblies and a module for selecting an electric motor to drive the main movement of metal–cutting machines have been developed. Also, for all the developed modules, automated generation of design documentation in the Compass–3D system is provided, namely, parameterized 3D models and associative drawings of the elements of the main movement drives of metal–cutting machines. The developed automated design system will allow you to quickly calculate the elements of the main movement drives and will allow you to visualize the work by building 3D models of the elements that make up the drives, as well as quickly recalculate their parameters when the source data changes. Also, the elements of the developed automated design system can be used both in specialized educational institutions for the purpose of working out and visualizing the knowledge and skills acquired by students, and in machine–building enterprises for the purpose of approximate evaluation of design options at the stage of preliminary design of equipment. Users of the program can be students or employees of enterprises with a basic level of training in the technical direction.

ATCO radar training assessment and flight efficiency: the correlation between trainees’ scores and fuel consumption in real-time simulations

ABSTRACTAir traffic controller training is highly regulated but lacks prescribed common assessment criteria and methods to evaluate trainees at the level of basic training and consideration of how trainees in fluence flight efficiency. We investigated whether there is a correlation between two parameters, viz. the trainees’ assessment score and fuel consumption, obtained and calculated after real-time human-in-the-loop radar simulations within the ATCOSIMA project. Although basic training assessment standards emphasise safety indicators, it was expected that trainees with higher assessment scores would achieve better flight efficiency, i.e. less fuel consumption. However, the results showed that trainees’ assessment scores and fuel consumption did not correlate in the expected way, leading to several conclusions.

Implementation and operational feasibility of SAMBA I HIV-1 semi-quantitative viral load testing at the point-of-care in rural settings in Malawi and Uganda.

We monitored a large-scale implementation of the Simple Amplification-Based Assay semi-quantitative viral load test for HIV-1 version I (SAMBA I Viral Load=SAMBA I VL) within Médecins Sans Frontières' HIV programmes in Malawi and Uganda, to assess its performance and operational feasibility. Descriptive analysis of routine programme data between August 2013 and December 2016. The dataset included samples collected for VL monitoring and tested using SAMBA I VL in five HIV clinics in Malawi (four peripheral health centres and one district hospital), and one HIV clinic in a regional referral hospital in Uganda. SAMBA I VL was used for VL testing in patients who had been receiving ART for between 6months and ten years, to determine whether plasma VL was above or below 1000 copies/mL of HIV-1, reflecting ART failure or efficacy. Randomly selected samples were quantified with commercial VL assays. SAMBA I instruments and test performance, site throughput, and delays in communicating results to clinicians and patients were monitored. Between August 2013 and December 2016 a total of 60889 patient samples were analysed with SAMBA I VL. Overall, 0.23% of initial SAMBA I VL results were invalid; this was reduced to 0.04% after repeating the test once. Global test failure, including instrument failure, was 1.34%. Concordance with reference quantitative testing of VL was 2620/2727, 96.0% (1338/1382, 96.8% in Malawi; 1282/1345, 95.3% in Uganda). For Chiradzulu peripheral health centres and Arua Hospital HIV clinic, where testing was performed on-site, same-day results were communicated to clinicians for between 91% and 97% of samples. Same-day clinical review was obtained for 84.7% across the whole set of samples tested. SAMBA I VL testing is feasible for monitoring cohorts of 1000 to 5000 ART-experienced patients. Same-day results can be used to inform rapid clinical decision-making at rural and remote health facilities, potentially reducing time available for development of resistance and conceivably helping to reduce morbidity and mortality.

Speed running is determined by strength and power in young football players

Introduction: For years researchers and trainers have been looking for determinants of sports talent in the youngest and also in the relationship between individual motor features relevant in given sport disciplines. There is a fundamental consensus in the opinion that the strength and power of the lower limbs are correlated with the speed of running. However, this relationship also among the youngest is not so clear. The purpose of the work was to show the relationship between strength and power generated during vertical jump and achieved height jump and the speed of flat running in the youngest footballers. Material and methods: The research covered 75 children training football at the age of 6–14 years divided into two age groups. The subjects made a countermovement jump on a dynamometric platform measuring strength, power, speed of rebound and the height obtained, after which they performed a flying run over a distance of 20 m. Results: A strong, positive correlation was demonstrated between all dynamic and kinetic parameters of the jump and running speed. This correlation turned out to be clearly stronger in the older group of football players than in the younger group. Conclusions: The obtained results suggest that strength and power are good predictors, such an important feature in football as the player’s motion speed, already at the basic level of training.

“In somno securitas?” Is it time for anaesthetists to train in patient safety?

“<i>In somno securitas</i>?” Is it time for anaesthetists to train in patient safety?

Razlike prostog i izbornog vremena reakcije kod mladih karatista oba pola različitog nivoa obučenosti

Compared to adults, children have longer simple reaction time (SRT) and choice reaction time (CRT) to simple and choice visual stimuli. Based on the available data, it can be concluded that this occurrence could be due to correlation between age and the information processing speed. Other factors may have an impact, too, such as the shorter attention span which children may have. Some studies indicate that karate favors the development of cognitive functions, including the RT. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to determine whether there is a difference in simple and choice reaction time between boys and girls of preadolescent and early adolescent age on the basic and premastery level of karate training. Testing involved 78 participants divided into four subgroups, in accordance with the gender and the level of training, using a custom designed RT measuring software, developed in LabVIEW 2012 software package. A two-way analysis of variance (Two-way ANOVA) confirmed no differences between boys' and girls' SRT scores, while the significant differences were found at the mastery criterion subsample level. When it comes to CRT, the differences were found at the boys' subsample level, as well as between genders on the basic level of training. It cannot be stated with absolute certainty whether the acquired differences are the result of karate training, some other physiological and cognitive phenomena or the maturation process. Consequently, the further research should involve a broader sample - the population of the physically inactive, as well as the children involved in other sports.

From known to the unknown: investigating an unusual outbreak of viral exanthema in a secondary school in Abeokuta, Nigeria, 2015.

Investigating an outbreak of disease requires mastery of a set of skills and collaboration among different cadres of health workers. Although you want to focus on a specific disease, you need to keep your mind open to possibilities. This case study is based on investigation of an outbreak of rashes suspected to be measles but which proved to be otherwise. It reinforces the knowledge of the steps in outbreak investigation which should have been covered in classroom lecture or background reading. This case study is best suited for basic level of training in field epidemiology and can be completed within 2-3 hours.

Overview of training programs for midshipmen in the usa

The international maritime community systematically introduces ever higher standards of quality training of marine specialists capable of professional growth and rapid conversion for the operation of modern vessels of all types. At the heart of 84 % of emergency cases are errors due to insufficient competence of specialists, managers of the ship and operating ship power plants and systems. The basic level of training is reduced, seafarers lack practical skills. To remain a maritime power, competitive in the training of qualified specialists at all levels, manage the modern fleet and effectively operate it, it is necessary to improve the system of maritime education without delay. The work provides an overview of training programs for midshipmen in the United States.

Quality control of indexes in South Africa

In her presentations at the 2016 Joint ASI/ISC Conference in Chicago, Jenny de Wet discussed two key indexing issues and how they are being handled in South Africa: training and professional development of indexers, and quality control of indexes. She makes her case in this article. On indexer training, ASAIB’s aim is to ensure that all indexers have the same basic level of training followed up with the possibility of a mentoring system to help them progress to a fully-fledged professional career. In a parallel discussion she also explores how quality control of indexes, so important to the final visual presentation and accuracy of printed book indexes, is handled in South Africa and the help offered by ASAIB.

Deadly situation.

Most healthcare workers in developing countries have a basic level of training and little access to up-to-date knowledge and skills. Tens of thousands of deaths a year could be prevented if nurses had the expertise they need. Healthcare Information For All is working to share know-how.

A simple, inexpensive, robust and sensitive dot-blot assay for equal detection of the nonstructural-1 glycoprotein of all dengue virus serotypes

BackgroundDetection of dengue virus (DENV) soluble/excreted (s/e) form of the nonstructural-1 (NS1) glycoprotein in patient acute-phase sera is ideal for diagnosis. The commercially-available detection assays are, however, too expensive for routine use and have low specificity, particularly for the s/e NS1 glycoprotein of DENV-2 and DENV-4, which are important causes of lethal human disease worldwide.MethodsMouse monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were generated and screened against s/e NS1 glycoprotein purified from each DENV serotype to obtain those that reacted equally with each serotype, but not with yellow fever virus (YFV) s/e NS1 glycoprotein or human serum proteins. One MAb, MAb 2C4.6, was further tested against these DENV glycoproteins in human sera using simple, peroxidase-labelled secondary antibody/substrate-developed dot-blot assays.ResultsOptimal quenching of endogenous human serum peroxidases was attained using 3% H2O2 in H20 for 5 min. MAb 2C4.6 showed an acceptable detection sensitivity of < 32 ng/ml for the s/e NS1 glycoprotein of each DENV serotype but did not cross-react with the YFV s/e NS1 glycoprotein or human serum proteins. By contrast, the LX1 epitope-specific MAb, 3D1.4, showed similar detection sensitivity against only the DENV-1 NS1 glycoprotein, consistent with results from commercial DENV s/e NS1 glycoprotein detection assays.DENV s/e NS1 glycoproteins were stable in human sera after drying on the nitrocellulose membranes and storage for one month at ambient temperature (28°C) before being processed. The total assay time was reduced to 3 h without any loss of detection sensitivity. This dot-blot format was ideal for the circulating immune complex disruption step, which is required for increased DENV s/e NS1 glycoprotein detection.ConclusionsThis is the first study to determine the detection sensitivity of MAbs against known concentrations of s/e NS1 glycoprotein from each DENV serotype. The preparation of patient serum samples for dot-blot assays can be performed by staff with a basic level of training and storage at low temperatures (e.g., -80°C) is not necessary. These simple, inexpensive (US$ 0.05/sample), robust, sensitive and relatively rapid assays, using improved MAbs such as MAb 2C4.6, should be ideal for the diagnosis of all DENV serotypes in DENV endemic regions.

Authors' Response

Authors' Response

Paediatric intermediate life support course (PILS). Our experience with a new course in Catalonia (Spain)

Paediatric cardiac arrest (PCA) can occur anywhere and demands immediate and appropriate action. Training is essential for professionals who occasionally care for the seriously ill child (SIC) at risk of PCA. For many of them, a basic level of training would be insufficient but an advanced level would be inefficient. To date, a formal course on paediatric intermediate life support (PILS), with emphasis on the SIC, has not been offered in Spain.