Basic Structural Elements Research Articles

CONTENT OF SILICON IN FRACTIONS OF PLANT PROTEIN

Silicon is biologically important element that is necessary not only for plant, but for all living organisms. Silicon was discovered in all plant organs, where its much quantity accumulates in plan cell walls of leaf and root, giving them a mechanical durability and resistance against abiotic and biotic stresses. Earlier, it was supposed that the silicon was absorbed by plants in form of monosilicic acid and then being deposited as phytoliths or accumulated in epidermal plant cells. Moreover the silicon is not only a basic structural element, but it controls many biological and chemical processes. Water soluble monosilicic acid enters into reaction with metals, organic compounds, showing properties of weak acid. Gels of silicic acid can be a catalyst and a matrix, on which the inner cellular synthesis of organic compounds occurs. In the present study the method to determinate three forms of silicon in plants, such as free, easily hydrolyzed and tightly combined is given. Thus, the part of silicon, 0.5-0.7% was observed in protein preparation of leaves of amaranth. Protein was divided into two fractions, albumins and globulins by precipitation with ammonium sulfate. After that each protein fraction was divided into two by Sephadex, where one of which come out in inner volume of gel, and second one come out in outer volume of gel (G-75). The gel distribution into fractions was of the same type characteristics. The tightly combined silicon was absent in high molecular fraction of albumins and globulins. Most of the silicon was discovered in high molecular fraction of globulins, where 80% of the element was represented by an easily hydrolyzed form. The silicon combined with proteins apparently is in a form of orthosilicic ester of hydroxy-amino acids; however it cannot be excluded that there is the formation of SiN bonds with free amino groups. Biophile silicon is a part of plant silicon (organogenic), which is basically in the form of orthosilicic esters bonded with proteins, phospholipids and pectins that are the plant components being assimilated primarily by human’s organism. In our opinion, this fraction of silicon as a microelement should be taken into account in evaluation of nutritional, forage and pharmaceutical values of plant raw material.

A Cross-Organization Collaboration Framework of Nuclear Power Plant Accidents Emergency Management in Off-Site Area: A Case Study from S City

With the development of nuclear power, nuclear power plant safety and emergency management work has aroused great concern of society. Addressing nuclear power plant accidents (NPPAs) overwhelms the capability of single jurisdictional government and spans the boundaries of multiple sectors. However, there is still a lack of research on the antecedent condition, the process mechanism, the basic elements and components of the cross-organization collaboration in the field of NPPAs emergency management in off-site area. On the basis of the initial theory, basic elements and constituent elements of cross-organization collaboration, this article will define the cross-organization collaboration process as a system process interacted with the environment, which consists of four basic elements of collaborative condition, collaborative process, collaborative structure, and collaborative output. Based on the description and analysis of the case of S City, with the explanation of the basic element, the constituent elements and the collaboration mechanism, this article proposes a cross-organization collaboration framework including collaborative antecedents, collaborative process, collaborative structure, collaborative governance and collaborative outcome of NPPAs emergency management in off-site area.

Жанрово-композиционные и лексико-семантические особенности рекламных SEO-текстов

Genre-compositional and lexical-semantic specifics of the English advertising SEO-texts, which are an integral part of advertising website, are considered. Advertising SEO-text is understood as a genre of advertising discourse in computer-mediated communication produced by taking into account the requirements of search engines and designed to produce a specific pragmatic effect - it urges the recipient to purchase or use the services. It is indicated that advertising SEO-text is not adequately considered in the scientific literature. It is shown that the appearance of this variety of the advertising text is determined by successful operation of the advertising sites in communicative space of the Internet, which in turn requires the use of specific technologies of text generation. The analysis is based on a corpus of advertising SEO-texts, selected by continuous sampling from the main pages of commercial sites in the UK and USA. Basic elements of genre and compositional structure of advertising SEO-text are identified, and their pragmatic and communicative functions are discussed. The analysis of means of implementation of text-forming categories of advertising SEO-text allowed the author to conclude that the category of cohesion is realized mainly by marking the main theme of SEO-text by lexical means of the language, which are in hypero-hyponymic and synonymic semantic relations and are the means of representation of underlying concepts designed to ensure the primary pragmatic function of advertising.

The basic structural elements of modular devices for digital information processing

The basic structural elements of modular devices for digital information processing

Theoretical Aspects of Construction of Turning up and Loading Machine with Disinfection Option for Agricultural Waste by Carbon Nanostructures Modified Sodium Acetate

The present paper describes the results of the use of new technology of disinfection and processing of agricultural waste by carbon nanostructures modified sodium acetate. Improving the efficiency of processing of agricultural waste was obtained via sodium acetate in the presence of carbon nanotubes. In order to distribute the sodium acetate in the processed waste and subsequent processing of waste effectively special machines/devices were developed. The theoretical substantiation of the basic structural elements was presented for mechanical processing of agricultural waste devices. The experimental investigations showed a high efficiency of technology which led to a reduction of pathogens at the pre-processing of manure by 60%. The consumption of sodium acetate with carbon nanotubes was 50 liters per 1 ton of manure.

Database «Uncensored Siberian periodicals (1920-1990)»

The article discusses the problem of forming an electronic database of uncensored periodicals of the Siberian region. The modern state and prospects of applying information technologies to study samizdat are highlighted. Basic structural elements of the created information resource are shown. Possibilities of electronic database to represent the general picture of developing regional uncensored printing are characterized.

Changes in the molecular hydrogen concentration in an underground mine (Lovozero rare-metal deposit, Kola Peninsula)

Long-term monitoring yielded significant variations in the hydrogen volume concentration in an underground mine at the developed Lovozero rare-metal deposit of the nepheline–syenite massif in the Kola Peninsula. The deposit is characterized by emission of natural combustible gases. Basic structural elements of the time series obtained include relatively stable and long ranges of low background concentrations, low- and medium-amplitude rises of various duration, and short-term, commonly high-amplitude peaks. The range structure is characterized by a general decreasing trend, a low intensity random noise component, and seasonal and off-seasonal periodic and other cyclical components. Periodic circadian and semidiurnal harmonics are the most pronounced.

Modeling and experimental study of a honeycomb beam filled with damping particles

Honeycomb sandwich laminates which are the basic structural element of spacecraft have inherently low damping. In this paper, we propose to improve the damping characteristics of such structures by adding damping particles in the cells of the honeycomb. This paper presents modeling of a cantilever beam constructed with honeycomb structure with the hexagonal honeycomb cells, filled with particles. The beam is subjected to external dynamic loads and the interactions of damping particles with the walls of the cells and its overall effect on the frequency response function (FRF) and the damping of the beam are obtained. The discrete-element-method (DEM) is used to model the dynamics of the particles in conjunction with the governing equations of motion of the beam and the cell-walls. The particle-particle and particle-wall impact is modeled using Hertz's non-linear dissipative contact model for normal component and Coulomb's laws of friction for tangential component. Contiguous block of cells near the tip of the cantilever beam were filled with the damping particles and the beam was excited with a random signal near the fixed end. The damping and transfer functions obtained experimentally are compared to those obtained from the mathematical model and they are found to match very well. Further the model was used to study the effect of fill fraction, mass ratio, and the level of excitation signal on transfer function. Depending on the mass ratio and fill fraction, significant reductions in vibration levels are observed.

The statics and dynamics of a proprietary legal relations: a new approach to the problem

The research demonstrates that a proprietary legal relations are characterized by not only static, but also dynamic. It is proved that the stages of development of civil legal relationship (emergence, change, termination) relate to dynamics of the relationship. The basic structural elements of civil legal relationship (subjects, object, subjective rights and duties) relate to static of the relationship. Interconnection and interaction of the statics and dynamics of a proprietary legal relations are manifested through its state. The static states of a proprietary legal relationship forming after the next stage of its development, are not identical. Difference is the that bindings of structural elements of a proprietary legal relationship changed as a result of the dynamics.

Fatigue Life of Asphalt Pavements on Bridge Decks

Pavement is one of the basic elements of a bridge structure. In Europe and Poland pavements for engineering objects are made in the asphalt technology. Requirements for ensuring the sustainability of the entire object also refer to pavement. Fatigue life is one of the parameter that must be satisfy but there is no requirements connected with it. It is directly related to the stresses and strains which occur in the pavement. Based on a state of art and using calculation results of software with finite element method (FEM) the strains in characteristic points of the bridge pavement were presented. Strains in pavements on the soil, concrete and steel deck were compared. One of the classic and one of the modern criteria for fatigue life were described. Calculation models for fatigue life of asphalt pavement does not classify separately bridge pavements. A typical technology and materials used in the bridge deck pavements were presented. Fatigue life of asphalt bridge pavements were estimated. The analysis of the results and evaluation of the adequacy of fatigue life models were made.

Criminological Characteristics of Crime Provided for by Article 144 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation (Hindering the Journalists' Lawful Professional Activities)

The article deals with the basic structural elements of criminological characteristics of hindering the journalists' lawful professional activities. The authors analyze the individual characteristics of the offender and his victim, identify the causes of the crime under study. For the first time the typology of victims of crimes of this category is described and a system of victimological prevention measures is provided. Basing on the analysis of criminological characteristics of the crime under study the authors develop a set of measures aimed at preventing the obstruction of the lawful professional activities of journalists.

Теоретико-прикладні аспекти структурних особливостей господарського потенціалу регіону

The methodological approaches to identify of regional economic potential and its structural features were offered. Among these features are the position; active approach; availability of proportionality in the system of regional resources; achievement of potential gross of regional product (the maximum possible), economic growth, social development and innovation; process approach; economic cycle; ecological security of the region. The critical analysis of existing theoretical provisions relating to the characteristics of the concept of “regional economic potential” and its subpotentials was done. The author’s model of cycle regional economic potential was submitted in the article. The peculiarity of the model of cycle regional economic potential is a grouping of all kinds of subpotentials of regional economic potential, by the active approach, on the three groups (resource, factor, resulting). The most active, effective phase of model of regional economic potential is the second phase (factor group). In it is addition a useful effect to the economic resources thanks to factors mediating economic relations (exchange of property rights, technical economic, organizational economic etc.). Such grouping of subpotentials of regional economic potential, in terms of methodology, allows drawing attention to the special role of the factor’s type of regional economic potential. That needs further research and development of methods and techniques of their capacity. In the model proved that between all subpotentials of regional economic potential there is a straight-opposite relationship, and total regional economic potential has the emergent properties. In addition, the characteristics of the basic and hidden structural elements of regional economic potential were proposed in the article. Humanistic and integrative subpotentials of regional economic potential were firstly described. Key words: regional economic potential, institutional potential, integration potential, area potential, temporal potential.

A Hydro-Thermal Study of the Bionic Leaf - A Basic Structural Element of the Bionic Façade Inspired by Vertical Greenery

Vertical greenery systems (VGS) are proven to decrease energy consumption for cooling of the building due to the evapotranspiration and shading of the building envelope. Despite innovative architectural solutions, there are some drawbacks of VGS that are most commonly related to the maintenance. Alternatively, bionic façade inspired by VGS can be developed with the use of innovative materials to mimic positives and eliminate disadvantages. In the present experimental research a water mass- flow-rate into the bionic façade is evaluated in respect to the simulated meteorological parameters. Based on the results from the parametrical analysis, an empirical model of water mass-flow-rate of the bionic façade is developed and compared with evapotranspiration of the VGS in real conditions.

Suitability of Printing Materials for Heat-Induced Inkless Eco-Printing

Pyrolysis volatiles and the environmental impact of printing paper, newspaper, and silk were investigated to identify suitable materials for heat-induced eco-printing (HIEP) using pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS). Furthermore, the printing effects of simulated HIEP and the material microstructures were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results indicated that the toxicity of pyrolysis volatiles is highest for newspaper, followed by silk and then printing paper, whereas environmental friendliness follows the opposite trend. A high concentration of lignin, the basic structural element of which is phenyl propane, and the presence of halogens in the newspaper led to the generation of more toxic substances during the pyrolysis process. The benzene compounds and heterocyclic compounds in silk also produced high levels of toxic substances. Based on these findings and the higher color permeability of newspaper, printing paper was the most suitable material for HIEP and newspaper was the least suitable. Additionally, silk may still be used in HIEP in small amounts for the production of art, name cards, and clothing tags.

IDPs: Less Disordered and More Ordered than Expected

In this issue of the Biophysical Journal, Solyom et al. (9) provide a telling example of structural preformation in intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) and the relevance of distinctly folded and compact conformational substates for molecular recognition processes.

Creation of cultural spaces – modeling strategies of cross-sector and inter-departmental partnerships

Goal and objectives of the dissertationGoalThe goal of this research was to construct two models of cultural space that would encompass its cultural and tourist purpose. Cultural purpose refers to satisfying the cultural needs and fostering the local creativity of the community. Tourist purpose refers to tourism presentation and creation of tourist offer, with special respect for local context and capacities.The basic structural elements of the models constructed would be universal and could be adapted for other urban contexts. The first model refers to public-civil partnership in the field of culture and the second model refers to public-civil-private partnership, where the field of culture is accompanied by the fields of tourism and urban planning.Objectives:* to construct new models based on partnerships between various stakeholders from public, private and civil sphere* to create a base for creative tourism offer based on contemporary local culture* to approach tourism from a more humanistic side - as an interaction between visitors and hostsMethodologyThe empirical part of the paper is placed in the framework of qualitative research that involves the phenomenological or interpretive research philosophy. For the purposes of this study, methods of case study and modeling were used. Case study was considered an appropriate method since it 'involves an empirical investigation of a particular contemporary phenomenon within its real life context using multiple sources of evidence' (Robson, 2002: 178). As the proposed analysis aimed at comparing the structure of two or more phenomena, three already existing cultural spaces (WUK, Vienna, Austria; Metelkova, Ljubljana, Slovenia and Pogon, Zagreb, Croatia) were deconstructed to the following structural elements:* key idea on which the cultural space was established,* common goal for establishing partnership,* organizational structure for partnership,* decision making and management,* internal resource analysis (human, technical, spatial and financial resources).After the deconstruction, common denominators were defined, followed by a synthesis that allowed the new management model to be created. For estimating the relation between tourism, culture and urban planning (and renewal), data was collected by means of interviews with general managers of those institutions. In order to transfer interview transcripts into usable information and conclusions, an open coding was used.ResultsPartnerships, as a strategic tool in creation of cultural spaces, are important for several reasons. First, it comes to the creation of new organizational forms where they can produce new services, products and infrastructure, which together create new value for the community (W addell & Brown, 1997: 3). Second, benefits for the city increase with its attractiveness - attracting visitors, contributing to the formation of a local character and distinctiveness of the city through culture, as well as creating the image of the city, according to the bottom up principle. Third, benefits for citizens reflect in accessible cultural facilities for cultural production and presentation, treating culture as a public good that meets their cultural needs and brings the opportunity to connect with cultural creation (Veselinovic, 2012: 12). Fourth, those places can contribute to strengthening of social ties through cooperation and solidarity, as well as generate a sense of belonging to the community (Mercer, 2009).Theoretical conclusionsTheoretical contribution refers to the proven significance of cross-sector and inter-departmental partnerships in the creation of cultural spaces. In the aspect of inter-departmental cooperation, it has been concluded that cooperation would rather be established on the lower levels of certain departments (culture, tourism, architecture, urban planning) and that the 'bottom up' initiatives will prompt the implementation and strengthen the effects of partnerships in practice. …

Shear-Type Mechanisms of Deformation Development in Structural Elements of a Deformation Relief

We studied basic structural elements of a deformation relief formed on lateral faces of nickel single crystals under compression. We correlated deformation heterogeneity with the type of structural elements of the relief. It was revealed that deformation heterogeneity did not depend on the type of a relief element or its scale. In addition, some studies were carried out to define ways of the deformation process in slip bands, mesa-and macrobands of deformation as well as in folds. It was found that a slip developed in separate slip bands resulted in their merging into micropackets with a slip occurring concurrently in several parallel planes. It led to the formation of a mesa-or macroscopic element of the deformation relief. We observed both intrusion and extrusion in the material in macrobands of [111]-single crystals as well as the formation of folding areas discussed.

An autoencoder of stellar spectra and its application in automatically estimating atmospheric parameters

This article investigates the problem of estimating stellar atmospheric parameters from spectra. Feature extraction is a key procedure in estimating stellar parameters automatically. We propose a scheme for spectral feature extraction and atmospheric parameter estimation using the following three procedures: firstly, learn a set of basic structure elements (BSE) from stellar spectra using an autoencoder; secondly, extract representative features from stellar spectra based on the learned BSEs through some procedures of convolution and pooling; thirdly, estimate stellar parameters ($T_{eff}$, log$~g$, [Fe/H]) using a back-propagation (BP) network. The proposed scheme has been evaluated on both real spectra from Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS)/Sloan Extension for Galactic Understanding and Exploration (SEGUE) and synthetic spectra calculated from Kurucz's new opacity distribution function (NEWODF) models. The best mean absolute errors (MAEs) are 0.0060 dex for log$~T_{eff}$, 0.1978 dex for log$~g$ and 0.1770 dex for [Fe/H] for the real spectra and 0.0004 dex for log$~T_{eff}$, 0.0145 dex for log$~g$ and 0.0070 dex for [Fe/H] for the synthetic spectra.

Are multifunctional marine polysaccharides a myth or reality?

Are multifunctional marine polysaccharides a myth or reality?

A COMPUTERIZED DIAGNOSTIC COMPLEX FOR RELIABILITY TESTING OF ELECTRIC MACHINES

Purpose. To develop a diagnostic complex meeting the criteria and requirements for carrying out accelerated reliability test and realizing the basic modes of electric machines operation and performance of the posed problems necessary in the process of such test. Methodology. To determine and forecast the indices of electric machines reliability in accordance with the statistic data of repair plants we have conditionally divided them into structural parts that are most likely to fail. We have preliminarily assessed the state of each of these parts, which includes revelation of faults and deviations of technical and geometric parameters. We have determined the analyzed electric machine controlled parameters used for assessment of quantitative characteristics of reliability of these parts and electric machines on the whole. Results. As a result of the research, we have substantiated the structure of a computerized complex for electric machines reliability test. It allows us to change thermal and vibration actions without violation of the physics of the processes of aging and wearing of the basic structural parts and elements material. The above mentioned makes it possible to considerably reduce time spent on carrying out electric machines reliability tests and improve trustworthiness of the data obtained as a result of their performance. Originality. A special feature of determination of the controlled parameters consists in removal of vibration components in the idle mode and after disconnection of the analyzed electric machine from the power supply with the aim of singling out the vibration electromagnetic component, fixing the degree of sparking and bend of the shaft by means of phototechnique and local determination of structural parts temperature provided by corresponding location of thermal sensors. Practical value. We have offered a scheme of location of thermal and vibration sensors, which allows improvement of parameters measuring accuracy due to determination of the spatial vector of vibration and local temperatures of structural parts.