Basic Duties Research Articles

Üstün Yetenekli Bireylerin Vatandaşlık Kavramına İlişkin Algıları

Introduction: Citizenship plays a crucial role in protecting the identity of states and societies. Citizenship becomes even more important for gifted people who make important contributions to the scientific and technological development of a country. From this point of view, this study aims to explore the perceptions of gifted people trained at Science and Art Centers (SAC) in relation to the concept of citizenship. Method: The study was conducted using a phenomenological design, one of the qualitative research designs. The study group of the research consisted of 23 6th grade students, 13 boys and 10 girls, studying at Science and Art Centers (BİLSEM) in İstanbul in the academic year 2020-2021. The data of the study was collected using a structured interview form developed by the researchers. Descriptive analysis was used to analyse the data. Findings: It was found that gifted students defined citizenship as a person living in a place and having some basic duties and rights to the place to which they belong. The students mostly defined themselves as good citizens and stated that a good citizen has responsibilities towards his environment and country. In the context of the view that the state is a political institution in which people live together, the understanding of a social and legal state dominates. The main responsibility of citizens is seen in being hardworking and respecting the country and society. The majority of students feel connected to their country, with the most important factor for this connection being culture and history. While the most positive aspect of being a citizen of Turkey is its historical heritage, it is noteworthy that some of the students wish to be citizens of the developed Western countries. Discussion: The students’ views are largely consistent with studies in the literature on citizenship and state definitions and citizenship of other countries based on brain drain. However, unlike other studies, this one emphasized researcher personality, which is one of the distinguishing characteristics of gifted individuals, among the characteristics of citizens.

Peran Pelayanan Pastoral dalam Memotivasi Kaum Bapak Mengikuti Peribadahan Minggu di Sionggang Tengah

The role of pastoral ministers has an important position in solving every problem, for example in increasing the motivation of the Fathers to attend Sunday services in Sionggang Tengah. The disinterest of the Fathers in attending Sunday services is a theological issue to be discussed. By plunging directly into the field, seeing the situation that occurred. Therefore, the role of the counselor in carrying out pastoral assistance is expected to bring about a change in the counselee's awareness of what is his basic duty as a father. This journal is a literature study and field research on pastoral care methods for fathers who rarely attend Sunday services in Sionggang Tengah. In this journal, the author criticizes the importance of reviewing mentoring methods in providing assistance to fathers who rarely attend church. Furthermore, the author also explains what practices a pastoral minister can do to improve, awaken and rebuild the wishes of the Fathers.

Topology Derivation of Multiport DC–DC Converters Based on Reinforcement Learning

Multiport dc–dc convertersare attracting wide attention in various applications. However, conventional topology derivation methods for multiport dc–dc converters are usually intricate and time-consuming. In this article, a reinforcement learning (RL)-based topology derivation method is proposed, which can derive topologies of complex converters quickly. To apply the RL framework, the topology derivation process is regarded as a Markov decision process. In each step, the agent selects and connects two components until a complete topology is made. To ensure that the derived topologies are feasible and match given voltage specifications, basic circuit constraints and duty cycle constraints are added as hard constraints. Soft constraints are also added to obtain optimal circuits with low voltage stresses or low current stresses. The testing on topology derivation of multiport dc–dc converters shows the great speed of the proposed method. Simulation and experimental results verify that the derived topologies cannot only satisfy given voltage specifications, but also achieve optimization targets of low voltage stresses or current stresses.

Application of the right to suspension or complete or partial disclaimer of performance of the obligation in case of failure to fulfill the counter obligation by the counterpart

The article is devoted to the application of the right to suspension or complete or partial refusal to perform the obligation in case of non-performance of the counter-obligation by the other party, which provided for in Part 3 of Art. 538 of the Civil Code of Ukraine.
 The purpose of the article is to determine the scope and mechanism of application of the creditor's right to suspension or partial or complete refusal to perform in case of default by the debtor (to which obligations the right applies and the mechanism of its implementation).
 The material for the study was the scientific works of classic civilians in the field of compulsory, as well as modern research of Ukrainian civilian scientists.
 Research results. In the course of the article, the author clarifies which responsibilities should be considered reciprocal, distinction between conflicting and interdependent responsibilities. The author highlights the application of Part 3 of Art. 538 of the Civil Code of Ukraine in case of non-fulfillment by the buyer of the obligation to prepay for the goods. It is proven, that the norm of Part 3 of Art. 538 of the Civil Code of Ukraine may be applied in certain cases to unilateral transactions. The legal nature of the right to suspend or refuse to perform a duty in full or in part has been clarified: the author has concluded that this is the way to protect civil rights and interests. It is noted, that the law under investigation can be applied in case of non-fulfillment of a negative obligation by the other party.
 At the end of the article the conclusions, made by the author as a result of the research, are stated. In particular, it is stated, that the right to suspend or refuse to perform an obligation is applied in obligations, in which the performance is not simultaneous, but provides for a certain procedure for the parties to perform their duties. The specified right can be applied in case of non-fulfillment by the other party of the obligation of the basic duty, non-fulfillment of the auxiliary duty does not give the right to suspension or refusal of performance of the duty by other party

GENERAL REVIEW ON CIVIL SOCIETY AND ENFORCEMENT OF THE CONSTITUTION

The enforcement of the constitution always has been a problem in countries for different facts. One of the facts is the absence of commitment by civil society. The populism, authoritarianism, and anti-democratic aspects of who arrive at institutions nowadays are dangerous to the life and enforcement of constitutional law. For these problems, the present paper will try to answer the question: Why does civil society need to know about the constitution? The answer will be through authority arguments and self-reflections that point the important place that plays a constitution in our lives. The structure of this work will be in this way: Firstly, the rights that a person has as a human and why the politicians must respect them. Secondly, to have rights is necessary also, have duties. Thirdly, the value that a constitution has to the civil society, but why? Finally, the place of a civil society in the enforcement of constitutional law. We conclude that the Constitution is an instrument to build a civil society free and equal. The Constitution has the basic rights and duties to live in order, in peace and safe. The Constitution is a problem of everybody, for that reason, the preambles of the constitutions refer to “the people” and everybody should know the Constitution.

Entry into the Russian Labor Market of Graduates of Professional and Higher Educational Institutions (<i>Based on Sample Surveys</i>)

This article is based on the materials of the analytical report «Analysis of the results obtained on the basis of data from a sample observation of the employment of graduates in 2016–2020 who received secondary vocational and higher education».The introductory part explains the relevance of improving statistical tools for studying the economic activity of young people at the present stage of the socio-economic development of Russia.The body of the article introduces a brief description of the main methodological provisions of the observation, and also covers main differences between the second round of observation (VTR-2021) and the first round (VTR-2016). The paper presents results of the economic and statistical analysis of the employment of graduates according to the data of VTR-2021. As part of the analysis of educational migration, the article reveals the orientation of graduates to educational institutions within the borders of the subject of the Russian Federation they reside in, as well as the relationship between the level of education of graduates and the intensity of their mobility. The distance education «withers away» and the part-time education starts to play a special role as it allows one to combine study with work. There is an increase in the proportion of those who prefer to combine work and study. The authors highlight two main reasons for combining work and study: 1) the desire to have a personal income; 2) the desire to gain work experience in the future specialty. Based on the structural analysis, the conclusion is made about the dominance of various motives depending on the level of education.It is shown that the main difficulties the graduates face when finding employment are the lack or insufficiency of work experience, low wages, as well as the lack or absence of suitable vacancies. It is noted that the acquired knowledge of employed graduates meets the requirements of employers and is sufficient to perform basic duties. The results of the assessment of retraining (overtraining) in the first year of work are reviewed.

Establishment of urban road maintenance model based on performance-based contracts

ABSTRACT Maintaining urban roads in a good condition is a basic duty of any city government. Traditionally, urban road maintenance is performed by a contractor that provides the required manpower and equipment resources to complete the necessary daily inspection and repair works. Although the quality of roads is acceptable, the inefficiency is evident everywhere. A performance-based contract (PBC) is used in the field of road maintenance in various countries, primarily for highway or large-area pavement rehabilitation and follow-up maintenance as the subject of the contract. In this study, we applied the design thinking approach to establish a PBC implementation model for urban road patrolling and sporadic repair. Moreover, to ensure the feasibility of the proposed model and to decrease the political risk of execution outcome, we adopted a two-stage validation in this study. The proposed performance indicators were examined by the historical data of road maintenance in Taipei City, and the feasibility of the proposed PBC implementation model was then confirmed by domain experts. The research outcomes could be used to develop PBCs for maintenance management of other infrastructures with better maintenance performances.

Система забезпечення якості вищої освіти: досвід Фінляндії

The article analyses higher education quality assurance system in Finland, emphasizes the relevance of studying the Finnish experience for Ukraine, which is currently reforming its higher education in extremely difficult conditions. It has been shown that the educational institutions are primarily responsible for quality assurance in Finland. The role of the Finnish Higher Education Evaluation Council has been shown and analysed. It has been noted that it is an independent expert body whose basic duty is to develop procedures for evaluating educational programs in higher education institutions throughout the country. It has been emphasized that the main goal of evaluation in Finland is not the need to find shortcomings in the work of a higher education institution, but the opportunity to help it in the further development. It has been shown the features and the main stages of one of the elements of the national system of quality assurance of higher education, that is accreditation of educational programs. It has been noted that in Finland it is interpreted as a process of public recognition or registration of educational programs that meet certain standards and criteria. The obtained theoretical propositions have been supplemented with empirical data from the results of interviews of students at the Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, participants of the Erasmus+ academic mobility programme in Finnish universities, namely the University of Turku and the University of Jyväskylä.

A Critique on the Legal Implications of 2020 Amendment to The Basic Rights and Duties Enforcement Act in as far as Public Interest Litigation Is Concerned

A Critique on the Legal Implications of 2020 Amendment to The Basic Rights and Duties Enforcement Act in as far as Public Interest Litigation Is Concerned

Civility in Health Care: A Moral Imperative.

Civility is an essential feature of health care, as it is in so many other areas of human interaction. The article examines the meaning of civility, reviews its origins, and provides reasons for its moral significance in health care. It describes common types of uncivil behavior by health care professionals, patients, and visitors in hospitals and other health care settings, and it suggests strategies to prevent and respond to uncivil behavior, including institutional codes of conduct and disciplinary procedures. The article concludes that uncivil behavior toward health care professionals, patients, and others subverts the moral goals of health care and is therefore unacceptable. Civility is a basic professional duty that health care professionals should embrace, model, and teach.

Empowering Personal Representatives’ Statutory Duties in Administration of Deceased’s Estates

In Malaysia, law requires for the appointment of personal representatives before the deceased estates can be distributed. There are numbers of statutory duties and power of personal representatives related to deceased estates. However, anecdotal evidence showed personal representative are not in the know on what should be done once appointed. This article aims to discuss the basic duties of personal representatives. The discussion adopts the doctrinal content analysis method. This paper concludes that the express provision pertaining to the basic roles and duties of personal representatives in Malaysia is not clear which can contribute to problems in managing deceased estates.

Usaha Meningkatkan Komitmen dan Kinerja ASN Pemkot Kupang Melalui Motivasi Kerja

The purpose of community service activities (PkM) is to educate and train State Civil Apparatus (ASN) to have knowledge and skills in evaluating and reconstructing efforts to increase ASN commitment and performance through motivation. Focus group discussions (FGD) and workshops are technical tools to implement this PkM. The main partner of this PkM activity is the ASN of the Kupang City Government which is determined by purposive sampling and quota sampling techniques. PkM participants were 28 people. The SWOT analysis is the basis for PkM education and training to participants. The success of this PkM activity is that participants are educated and have the knowledge and skills in evaluating and reconstructing strategies to increase commitment and performance through motivation. The reconstruction of the strategy is to strengthen the understanding base of the state civil apparatus through continuous knowledge management related to the principles of basic duties as government employees, considering compensation in terms of increasing commitment and performance by cutting the budget for activities that are disproportionate and dual functions so that it can be transferred to employee compensation, and enforced an integrity pact-based performance that will discipline employees at work.

GST and its Influence on Hospitality

A comprehensive, multi-stage, destination-based tax on goods and services called the "Goods and Services Tax" will be imposed on every value addition. GST is recovered from the final consumer. All sorts of Indirect taxes like Excise duty, Service Tax, Octroi, Entry Tax, Entertainment Tax, Luxury Tax are merged under GST except a few taxes such as Basic customs duty, anti-dumping duty, safeguard duty, property tax, stamp duty and so on. The GST system went into effect in India on July 1st, 2017, with the slogan "one nation, one tax." and which will see its effects on different economic sectors. GST will have an impact on all industries, including the hospitality sector. It uses a dual structure concept to prevent cascade consequences. The GST is going to affect the suppliers and service providers as well as the consumers of the Restaurant Industry. In the earlier tax system Hotel industry was attracting the taxes such as VAT, Service Tax, Luxury tax, CST, Central excise etc.. But all these taxes are subsumed in to a singe tax under GST. Therefore there is a necessity to study the impact of GST on Hotel industry as well as on the consumers of this industry. This paper highlights the changes reflected in the hotel and restaurant industry due to transformation of old VAT and other tax systems in to the new GST system. The study is conducted in Dharwad District of Karnataka state. As this coastal district is the famous tourist and commercial Centre, more restaurants and hotels are emerging in this area.

What do physician associates think about independent prescribing?

Physician associates (PAs) are currently unable to prescribe in the UK due to the absence of statutory regulation and prescribing legislation. This is likely to change with the introduction of regulation by the General Medical Council (GMC) set to start from 2023. Currently, there are working groups looking into what needs to be done to enable them to prescribe. In this paper, we explored the views of PAs that qualified in the UK on prescribing and ordering investigations via an online questionnaire. Almost all PAs would prefer to be able to prescribe and request radiological investigations. Inability to perform these basic duties has a negative impact on patient care, patient flow, PAs' contribution to healthcare and career progression.

Hate the Sin, Love the Sinner: Examining the Role of Religiosity on Generation M's Attitude Toward Purchasing Luxury Counterfeiting Products in Social Commerce.

Counterfeiting has become a prevalent business worldwide, resulting in high losses for many businesses. Considerable attention has been paid to research an individual attitude toward purchasing luxury counterfeit products in the offline context. However, there is currently lesser-known literature on the given phenomenon in the context of social commerce. Moreover, researchers observed that counterfeiting consumption is associated with consumer ethical values or beliefs. Practitioners and researchers are keen to find those factors that affect consumers’ ethical consumption behavior to reduce pirated products’ demand. However, the role of religion in shaping ethical behavior is less documented in the counterfeiting context. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of religiosity on the counterfeiting of luxury products in Pakistan. A five-dimensional Islamic religiosity model was adopted to understand the consumption phenomena. For quantitative research, cross-sectional data were collected from the generation M of Pakistan through self-administrative questionnaires. A total of 394 valid responses from active online users were collected to empirically examine the conceptual model by employing the partial least square structural equation model (PLS-SEM). The results reveal that all five dimensions of religiosity negatively affect the attitude of generation M. Moreover, it is found that knowledge has the highest negative effect on attitude, followed by orthopraxis, experience, central duties, and basic duties. The study also explains the theoretical and practical implications of the research. Finally, limitations and future research were also discussed.

Rethinking Acts of Conscience: Personal Integrity, Civility, and the Common Good

AbstractWhat should we think about ‘acts of conscience’, viz., cases where our personal judgments and public authority come into conflict such that principled resistance to the latter seems necessary? Philosophers mainly debate two issues: theAccommodation Question, i.e., ‘When, if ever, should public authority accommodate claims of conscience?’ and theJustification Question, i.e., ‘When, if ever, are we justified in engaging in acts of conscience – and why?’. By contrast, a third important topic – theConduct Question, i.e., ‘How should we act, morally speaking, when engaging in acts of conscience?’ – has been mostly neglected. This paper aims to offer concrete guidance for persons wishing to engage in acts of conscience in morally virtuous ways. I argue that such agents are subject to two basicprima facieduties: (i) duties to oneself related to demands of integrity and (ii) duties to others related to demands of civility. I explain both duties in detail, arguing with regard to (i), that in light of what I call ‘the paradox of conscience’, we need to rethink our views about both ‘conscience’ and ‘integrity’; and with regard to (ii), that, building upon Rawls’ ‘duty of civility’, we should embrace at least seven general principles for undertaking acts of conscience in a morally conscientious manner.

POTHIER, THE STRAYING MULE AND THE UNRULY BARMAN Costa Da Oura Restaurant (Pty) Ltd t/a Umdloti Bush Tavern v Reddy 2003 4 SA 34 (SCA)

On the evening of 31 October 1997, the respondent and his girlfriend visited the Umdloti Bush Tavern. A person by the name of Goldie was stationed behind the bar serving the customers. It appeared to the respondent that Goldie served everyone but him and his girlfriend. When another barman approached him, the respondent remarked that Goldie could take a few lessons regarding service from the second barman. Goldie heard this remark, became agitated and glared at the respondent. He further beckoned the respondent to come closer. The respondent reacted by saying words to the effect that he “did not come for people like that” (Costa Da Oura Restaurant (Pty) Ltd T/A Umdloti Bush Tavern v Reddy 2003 4 SA 34 (SCA) par 30). This further agitated Goldie and he occasionally stared at the respondent and appeared to be aggressive. When the respondent and his girlfriend were about to leave, the respondent generously tipped the barman who had served them. Goldie saw this and quickly exited the bar. When the respondent reached the corridor in the immediate vicinity of the bar, Goldie assaulted him, causing injuries which were reasonably serious. Immediatelyafter the incident the manager of the Umdloti Bush Tavern summarily dismissed Goldie “because he had broken the rules that regulated how he should perform his basic duties” (par 41). The simple question to be decided was whether the appellant wasvicariously liable under the circumstances. The crux of the respondent’s contentions was that the incident was sufficiently connected with the scope of employment of the appellant’s employee to establish vicarious liability, while the appellant contended that Goldie had acted for personal vengeance, on his own, against instructions and after he had abandoned his duties as a barman. The Durban and Coast Local Division in Reddy v Costa da Oura Restaurant (Pty) Ltd t/a Umdloti Bush Tavern (supra) found the appellant vicariously liable for damages resulting from the incident. On appeal the decision was reversed. The purpose of this discussion is to analyse the finding of the Supreme Court of Appeal and to ascertain whether the employer, in the circumstances of this case, should have been held liable. In the process of doing so, the background to the ruling will be explained and the legal policy implications of the decision assessed.

Absencja pracownicza jako ciężkie naruszenie podstawowych obowiązków pracowniczych

The issue of the employee’s absence from the workplace while he was obliged to perform work has been repeatedly considered in the light of basic employee duties, among which there is the obligation to observe the agreed time and schedule of work and the obligation to care for the welfare of the workplace. Judicature, considering the issues related to the employee’s absence, developed the thesis according to which the unjustified absence, resulting from willful misconduct or gross negligence of the employee, constitutes a serious violation of basic employee obligations, which in turn may lead to the termination of the employment contract pursuant to art. 52 of the Labor Code. In addition, unjustified and arbitrary leaving the workplace despite the order to work overtime and the exercise of the right to leave on demand despite justified objection, in accordance with the developed line of jurisprudence, may also constitute the basis for terminating the employment contract without notice due to the employee's fault.

Online Instrument of Elementary School Teacher’s Perfomance Assessment

The problem that occurs at this time is that the current teacher performance assessment instrument does not accommodate assessments in elementary schools related to their main tasks and functions. This research aims to develop a teacher performance assessment instrument based on the basic tasks and function of elementary-school teachers online. The research was developed in a research method and development based on the borg and gall development model until step five. Through research and development this is done to design and develop teacher performance assessment instruments according to the peripheral assignment and primary school teacher's function and according to the mission's vision online. The collection of data in this study involves qualitative and quantitative methods. The subject of this research is superintendent, principal and elementary school teacher. The application used to develop this instrument is MySQL. The development of this teacher's performance assessment instrument results in six basic teacher duties and functions as ministers of faith, spiritual leaders, academic leaders, biblical role models, mentors, and character educators. The data analysis uses miles and hubermans through data reduction, presentation and drawing conclusions. Based on analysis of the validity by the teacher performance assessment expert gained a 93.3% score and is categorized perfectly feasible. Whereas the results of the validity by the expert on it acquired a score of 90.7% in highly deserved category. Product trials by supervisors, headmasters and teachers produced a 92% score in the highly viable category,so the product of developing these elective teacher performance assessment tools online can be used.

I IMPLIKASI PENDIDIKAN DARI AL-QURAN SURAT ADZ-DZARIYAT AYAT 56 TENTANG TUJUAN PENCIPTAAN MANUSIA TERHADAP UPAYA PENDIDIKAN DALAM MEMBENTUK MANUSIA YANG TAAT BERIBADAH

God created humans by being given advantages over other creatures, namely reason to carry out the purpose of life on earth as QS. Adz-Dzariyat verse 56 is to worship Allah SWT. because if people do not fulfill their obligations, they will feel or be considered empty-hearted and meaningless in their lives. In order to be able to carry out the obligations/goals of life, people must be educated so that they can become obedient people, basically the main purpose of education in Islam according to the Al-Quran is to build people who are aware of their basic duties while in the world so that in living life including carrying out the education process, both from students and educators, should be based on a form of devotion to Allah SWT alone. Education becomes a container for humans to form and develop the mind to carry out its obligations, in forming the mind is of course related to the intellectual, emotional, spiritual. therefore, in order to form people who obey Allah SWT, various educational efforts are needed to make it happen. The purpose of this research is to find out the opinions of commentators on QS Adz-Dzariyat verse 56, to understand the essence of QS Adz-Dzariyat verse 56, to know the opinions of experts on educational efforts in shaping people who obey worship, to know the implications of education from Al-Quran Surat Adz -Dzariyat verse 56 about the purpose of human creation against educational efforts in forming people who obey worship. The essence that can be taken from QS. Adz-Dzariyat verse 56 that is: God created Jinn and humans only to worship, Parents and teachers must be educators from an early age to realize the purpose of human creation, In order to realize the purpose of human creation, it is necessary to make several efforts to develop the mind in order to be obedient human beings worship