Basic Configuration Research Articles

Muslim world and modern political asylum law, a study

If someone in your country is persecuting you because your religion, creed, political group, race or nation is disliked by another group If someone in your country is following you because your religion, creed, political group, race or nation is something that any other group dislikes. Or you may have political asylum if you have ideas that could lead to persecution. The whole world especially Muslims are facing now a huge conflict and forced migrants due to their government policies. The conflict between government policies and nationals are being grow day by day. Therefore, Asylum and “refuge-seeking” are two important themes in International and Islamic history and Law. Often, Islamic theory and teachings relating to refugees and forced displacement are known as Hijrat/Migration law. It is quite different from modern refugee law. It arguably gives more protection to asylum-seekers and refugees (mustaminun). However, Hijrat law is rarely referred to or invoked today. If they were taken into consideration, it could contribute greatly to the protection of the forcibly displaced. It might also reduce the numerous problems refugees all over the globe are facing. This paper discusses the basic laws and configuration of migrants and their political asylum and rules of different Muslims.

Development of Vortex Asymmetry on a Generic Projectile Configuration

A combined experimental and numerical study was carried out to understand the development of vortices on the U.S. Army/Navy basic finner configuration at high angles of incidence. The experiments were carried out at the Florida A&M University and Florida State University low-speed wind tunnel, and numerical simulations were performed at U.S. Army Research Laboratory using the U.S. Department of Defense Kestrel solver. The results show a good agreement of basic aerodynamic characteristics between the experimental data and numerical simulations at low angles of incidence over the range of flow conditions; however, at high angles of incidence, the predicted aerodynamic coefficients from simulations were relatively lower. Both experimental and numerical simulation results show that asymmetric vortices develop on the cone cylinder and interact with the fins downstream at high angles of incidence. The primary vortices eventually lift off from the body, resulting in multiple secondary shear-layer vortices. The vortex liftoff location moves upstream with an increase in angles of incidence. The liftoff location of the two primary vortices can result in a change of side-force magnitude and direction. At supersonic speeds, the characteristics of the two primary vortices in terms of their size, strength, and the location on the body are very different as compared to those at subsonic speeds.

Medical Intelligent System and Orthopedic Clinical Nursing Based on Graph Partition Sampling Algorithm.

This study summarizes the process of graph partition sampling algorithm. Through studying, observing, and comparing many different types of graph partition sampling algorithms, this study represents the learning process sampling into three steps: sampling process, aggregation process, and the calculation process of loss function. The medical intelligence system developed in this study must provide remote audio and video connections between patients, nurses, and doctors, and requires hardware, software, and network collaboration. The hardware includes a server that keeps the medical intelligence system running. The software includes the operating system and server application software that provide the basic functions of the system. The network platform provides network bandwidth and basic configuration to achieve effective connections between different parts. At the same time, the system also defines audio and video encoding and decoding standards. Orthopedic patients are often accompanied by varying degrees of activity limitation and low self-care ability, the particularity of these patients puts forward higher requirements for orthopedic clinical care management. Orthopedic clinical nursing path is a standardized nursing management method supported by evidence-based medicine. In order to meet the requirements of the system design, the goal of the system design is to use the latest computing and network communication technology to organically “connect” the nursing staff, the nursing staff, and the hospital, so that the nursing staff can enjoy the personalized guidance specially made by the doctor at any time.

Optimizing design parameters of an anaerobic baffled reactor for better performance

The review has summarized the currently available information about the basic configuration, advantages, applicability, modifications in the original structure, effect of modifications on improvement in the performance and finally, limitations of Anaerobic Baffled Reactors (ABRs). The comparison of the performance of four main types of the anaerobic reactor, including ABR, has proved the superiority of ABR in terms of chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal over other types of reactors. Many researchers have worked on improving the constructional details of the ABR to improve the performance. So, this review summarizes the modifications in the ABR design tried and tested by the researchers and concludes that design modifications indeed have encouraging effects concerning efficiency ABR.

High-Isolation Power Divider Based on Ridge Gap Waveguide for Broadband Millimeter-Wave Applications

In this article, a high-isolation power divider with ultrawideband characteristics for simultaneous operation in two adjacent bands is proposed. The power divider is developed based on a four-port coplanar Magic-T. The difference port of the Magic-T consists of a double-ridge gap waveguide (RGW) that supports quasi-TEM mode transmission, which provides the benefit of its broadband characteristics and allows for facilitated assembly. In addition, an inline microstrip line (MSL) containing a probe is inserted into the opposite side of the difference port to form the sum port. This basic configuration has actually achieved high isolation between the output arms and low return loss at each port, and however, its isolation bandwidth is limited by the narrowband matching of the sum port. To overcome this difficulty, a three-port microstrip T-junction is connected in series to the sum port of the Magic-T, resulting in a five-port 3-dB power divider with a wide isolation bandwidth. The process of considering this solution is analyzed and explained in detail in this article and the corresponding simulations and experimental verifications are performed. According to the obtained results, the proposed power divider has excellent overall performance, in particular low loss, ultrawideband, high isolation, and good amplitude/phase consistency.

Innovative design and optimization of the modular high deployment ratio two-dimensional planar antenna mechanism

With the improvement of space-to-earth observation range and observation accuracy, the demand for large deployable antenna mechanism is becoming increasingly urgent. This paper proposes a new configuration that can realize two-dimensional planar deployment and designs a new large-scale two-dimensional deployable planar antenna mechanism. First, four folding schemes are proposed, and the folding scheme with the best comprehensive performance is determined through optimization. The antenna mechanism is designed in detail. The kinematic model of the basic configuration is established to analyze its kinematic characteristics. The antenna can be deployed smoothly by planning the deployment speed. The finite element model of the antenna is then established. The structural parameters of the antenna are optimized, the rigidity of each joint hinge is reasonably configured, and the comprehensive mechanical properties of the antenna are improved. Finally, the principle prototype of the two-dimensional deployable antenna is developed by 3D printing technology. The rationality and feasibility of the folding principle of the antenna are verified by experiments.

A Survey of Power Quality Enhancement in Distribution of System of Lines Using Distribution Static Synchronous Compensator

Distribution Static Synchronous Compensator (DSTATCOM) is a power electronics tool joined in parallel to the system of lines to mitigate the power quality disruptions such as electric potential swell, sag, electric potential imbalance, electric potential and current harmonics voltage spike, flicker, electric potential fluctuations related to the secondary system of lines.. DSTATCOM provides electric potential control and adequate mitigation for disturbances related with distribution of system lines in community. DSTATCOM is a3-phase device that produces/ take in the dynamic power which the final outcome can transformed suitable situation to deal with specific and accurate able to change quantity of the system of lines. This article offers a critical look to the researches on the DSTATCOM for energy quality enhancement in electric distribution systems. It explains the basic elements and configuration of DSTATCOM, the operation mode of DSTATCOM, principle of operation of DSTATCOM, DSTATCOM configurations, and DSTATCOM control strategies in the electric distribution network.

New Products

Gauss' new Real-time Spectrum and Signal Analyzer TDEMI® S of GAUSS INSTRUMENTS® is their new benchmark for real-time, communication and EMC testing. It is flexible in its configurability and its extensibility. In its basic configuration the TDEMI® S is a high-performance spectrum analyzer and is available in the frequency ranges up to 1, 6, 9, 18, 26, 40, 44 and 50 GHz.

Optimal distributed generation penetration considering relay coordination and power quality requirements

Although the electric energy supply from distributed generation (DG) resources is increasing, these sources also face limitations. Protection and power quality constraints are the most important issues that limit the maximum DG penetration in power systems. Changing the short circuit level due to DGs' presence—especially synchronous-based (SDG) type—may lead to miscoordination of the protective relays. Also, standard harmonic limits may be violated due to harmonic injection of inverter-based DGs and non-linear loads. A protection coordination problem is solved for the basic configuration, and the optimal settings are applied. Then, using a proposed approach and a new objective function, the location, size, and type of DGs are optimized to maximize the DG penetration and the speed of protection system, while reducing power losses. Finally, the protection setting of SDGs is optimized and applied. In these optimizations, the protection coordination constraints and the power quality requirements are considered and met. IEEE 14-bus system and a real sub-transmission system are simulated to evaluate the proposed approach and the new objective function. The obtained results show significant power loss reduction and protection speed improvement for different scenarios and case studies.

Influence of the active region structure of the resonant tunneling diode on the critical points of its current-voltage characteristic

The article proposes a study of the effect of the structure of the active region of a resonant tunneling diode on the critical points of its current-voltage characteristic. The basic configuration of a resonant tunneling diode, which is a structure of a quantum well with a nanometer-sized double barrier including two contacts, and a region with strongly doped contacts made of a semiconductor with a relatively small band gap, is disclosed and illustrated. It is emphasized that since the characteristic dimensions of the structure of the quantum well with a double barrier are comparable to the wavelengths of electrons, the wave nature of electrons leads to such quantum phenomena as interference, tunneling, energy quantization, etc. the double barrier causes resonant tunneling phenomena, which form the basis for the operation of the resonant-tunneling diode. It is emphasized that repeated reflection causes destructive or constructive interference depending on the wavelength of a particular electron. For electrons with a certain wavelength that promotes constructive interference, a transfer probability close to unity can be found at energies corresponding to these wavelengths. The modification of the active region of the resonant tunnel diode with a barrier height of 0.3 - 0.4 eV is mathematically substantiated. The dependence of the transmission coefficient is found by solving the Schrödinger equation in one electron approximation without taking into account the scattering effects. The calculation of the volt-ampere characteristic of the resonant-tunnel diode was performed at temperatures of 100 and 300 K. The given volt-ampere characteristics were obtained without taking into account the effects of electron scattering. However, it should be noted that the main influencing factor is the resonant tunneling through the second level, for which the peak of the transmission coefficient is much wider and higher. However, in gallium doped arsenide, the fact of electron scattering can significantly affect the value of the transmission coefficient and the value of current. It is established that an increase in the width of quantum wells leads to a significant decrease in the densities of peak currents and valley currents, and an increase in the width of potential barriers leads to a slight decrease in the current density of the first peak and current densities of the second peak and valley.

Heat transfer analysis of double discrete arc roughness with different relative rib altitudes and relate to a single discrete arc in the solar air heater

An artificially roughened solar air heater (SAH) with double discrete arc roughness is experimentally explored in this paper. Relative rib altitude (e/Dh ) varies from 0.018 to 0.034, while constant relative rib pitch (P/e), staggered pitch ratio (P′/P) and segment ratio (S′/S ) of 10, 0.5 and 1.6, respectively, are considered. The Reynolds number (Re) varies from 3000 to 14,000. Augmented Stanton number (St) and thermo-hydraulic performance (THPP) with a moderate friction factor (f) are reported for e/Dh of 0.034. The maximum St and f of 2.32 and 3.10 times, respectively, are the result for the rough plate related to basic configuration, while THPP of roughened SAH is augmented up to 1.60. The outcomes of the present roughness are compared with single discrete and continuous arc geometry under identical flow states and confirm the superior performance under the parameters tested. The correlations for heat transfer function (G) and roughness function (R) are also developed.

DaRe:DataRecovery Through Application Layer Coding for LoRaWAN

Long-range wide-area network (LoRaWAN) is an energy-efficient and inexpensive networking technology that is rapidly being adopted for many Internet-of-Things applications. In this study, we perform extensive measurements on a new LoRaWAN deployment to characterise the spatio-temporal properties of the LoRaWAN channel. Our experiments reveal that LoRaWAN frames are mostly lost due to the channel effects, which are adverse when the end-devices are mobile. The frame losses are up to 70 percent, which can be bursty for both mobile and stationary scenarios. Frame losses result in data losses since the frames are transmitted only once in the basic configuration. To reduce data losses in LoRaWAN, we design a novel coding scheme for data recovery called DaRe that works on the application layer. DaRe combines techniques from convolutional and fountain codes. By implementing DaRe, we show that 99 percent of the data can be recovered with a code rate of 1/2 when the frame loss is up to 40 percent. Compared to the repetition coding scheme, DaRe provides 21 percent higher data recovery and can save up to 42 percent of the energy consumed on a transmission for 10-byte data units. We also show that DaRe provides better resilience to bursty frame losses.

Reduced Switch Voltage Stress Ultra-Gain DC-DC Converter for High Voltage Low Power Applications

An ultra-voltage gain dc-dc converter is proposed in this brief using an active impedance network with a single MOSFET switch. The proposed converter utilizes minimum components and achieves the ultra-gain with lower switch voltage stress. The general structure of an <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${n}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> -stage active switched impedance topology is presented, and the detailed operation of the basic converter configuration is discussed. The components of the converter are designed using proper mathematics, and a 200 W, 50 kHz, 650 V lab-scale hardware prototype is fabricated. The dynamic model of the converter is derived, and the transfer function <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\hat {v}_{0} / \hat {d}} $ </tex-math></inline-formula> is presented. The testing of the 200 W prototype has been done, and the experimented waveforms are shown. Reduced components, lower voltage stress, ultra-voltage gain and single MOSFET are the major merits of the proposed converter; hence the converter has a potential application in high-voltage low power systems.

An extendable single‐input reduced‐switch 11‐level switched‐capacitor inverter with quintuple boosting factor

This paper proposes a novel single-phase switched-capacitor-based inverter configuration that in its basic form can generate an 11-level staircase output voltage waveform with sinusoidal output current for Resistive-Inductive (R-L) loads. The increased levels, quintuple voltage-boosting factor, and natural voltage-balancing of capacitors are considered the main features of the proposed basic configuration. The proposed topology requires fewer components (resources, switches, driver circuits, and capacitors) than recently presented similar structures to acquire the same voltage gain and output steps. The proposed basic configuration can be extended in two ways: increasing levels and/or boosting factors with minimal devices. The employment of two half-bridges (rather than an H-bridge) for generating bipolar waveform has limited the number of switches tolerating the maximum output voltage to 2 (instead of 4), which results in reduced total blocking voltage (TBV) and accordingly reduced cost and losses. A comprehensive comparative analysis has been done and presented to verify the supremacy of the suggested structure. The experimental results of the laboratory-scaled prototype of the proposed basic topology have been provided, which approve its correct performance.

Controls on turnover of marine dissolved organic matter—testing the null hypothesis of purely concentration‐driven uptake: Comment on Shen and Benner, “Molecular properties are a primary control on the microbial utilization of dissolved organic matter in the ocean”

Controls on turnover of marine dissolved organic matter—testing the null hypothesis of purely concentration‐driven uptake: Comment on Shen and Benner, “Molecular properties are a primary control on the microbial utilization of dissolved organic matter in the ocean”

Multiparametric optimization of a reheated organic Rankine cycle for waste heat recovery based repowering of a degraded combined cycle gas turbine power plant

The study has conducted multiparametric optimization of a newly modified double stage reheated organic Rankine cycle configuration for the objective function of specific work output and its comparison with other conventional configurations of the organic Rankine cycle for the waste heat recovery-based repowering of a degraded combined cycle gas turbine power plant using R245fa, R113, and R141b as the working fluids. Thermodynamic performance of the triple cycle formed by integrating each organic Rankine cycle configuration with the combined cycle gas turbine unit is assessed in terms of repowering, specific fuel consumption and specific water consumption along with the associated greenhouse gas emissions. 24-hour performance variation of the combined cycle gas turbine unit has been incorporated in the analysis. It is found that the double stage reheated organic Rankine cycle configuration has outperformed other configurations in terms of thermodynamic performance. Triple cycle for the double stage reheated organic Rankine cycle has resulted in an average of 1.37% increase in net power output for the working fluid R141b, equivalent to 5.10 MW of additional power output. The thermal efficiency of the triple cycle for double stage reheated organic Rankine cycle has increased by 1.40%, whereas the specific fuel consumption and specific water consumption have reduced by 1.28% and 3.35%, respectively using R141b as the working fluid. The highest waste heat recovery potential is exhibited by the integrated basic organic Rankine cycle configuration for the working fluid R245fa, recovering 30,840 kW of waste heat, equivalent to the burning of 2467.2 kg/hr of CH4 and 6784.7 kg/hr CO2 emissions.

Ensuring the security of the PostgreSQL database management system

This article analyzes the PostgreSQL database management system of a modern enterprise. The basic concept of the database, its types, subtypes and the progressive expansion of the database in the DBMS are also considered. The main settings for improving the security of the DBMS, which had possible ways of improving the security of both the physical and virtual environment, were analyzed. A practical example of obtaining access to the environment and directly to DBMS data with a basic configuration was also carried out, relevant conclusions and notes on possible solutions were made. Recommendations have been developed that should be applied to improve the state of security of the DBMS of a modern enterprise and to avoid cases of loss or distribution of confidential data.

Design and Research on the Automatic Online and Offline System of Live Working Robot on Transmission Lines

It has important theoretical significance and practical application value to improve the work efficiency and reduce the hazard of personnel work through the assistance of the robot for the live work of the transmission line instead of manual work. However, in the actual application process of the robot, it takes a lot of time, manpower and material resources to go online and offline, and the overall efficiency of the robot is greatly reduced. In view of the above problems, this article proposes a design scheme for an automated online and offline system for a live working robot. First, the principle of robot online and offline is analyzed in detail, the basic configuration and physical model of the automatic online and offline system are designed, and the operation motion plan of the robot online and offline system is given. Finally, through the system integration design, a physical prototype system for the automatic online and offline of the live working robot was developed, and the feasibility and effectiveness of the device application and the automatic online and offline of the power transmission line robot were verified. Compared with the traditional way of online and offline, the research in this article has broken through a bottleneck problem that restricts the application of robots and it has a powerful role in promoting the practical process of live working robots.

Бесконтактный генератор с регулируемым возбуждением

Wind turbines are further developed toward improving their reliability and efficiency, and reducing maintenance costs during long-term operation. For this purpose, synchronous generators with excitation from permanent magnets are used, the parameters of which determine in many respects the efficiency and dimensions of the power plant as a whole. The article proposes a new design of a brushless synchronous generator with excitation longitudinal with respect to the rotor rotation axis. The generator features a simple design of its rotor poles and double frequency of the secondary winding voltage. The possibility of manufacturing the stator housing from cheap plastic or similar non-magnetic materials is noted, due to which a reduction in the generator mass and cost can be achieved; such generator can find use mainly in small and medium capacity power plants. To close the rotor excitation magnetic flux, longitudinal magnetic cores with coils on them are installed in the slots of the non-magnetic stator housing. This makes it possible to improve heat removal from the secondary winding and simplify the assembly. Smooth adjustment of the output voltage in a wide range of rotation speeds is possible. The results of modeling the magnetic field in the air gap between the stator and rotor and the output voltage waveform for the basic magnetic system configuration are presented.

Effect of Additional Transmitting Coils on Transfer Distance in Multiple-Transmitter Wireless Power Transfer System

Wireless power transfer (WPT) technology has been widely introduced and developed over the past few years. Nevertheless, the basic WPT configuration using one transmitting (Tx) coil and one receiving (Rx) coil still achieves very limited performance in terms of power transfer distance. To overcome this limitation, various multi-coil WPT systems using three or more coils have been studied. Among them, a multiple-input single-output (MISO) structure can provide the Rx with advanced freedom in an extensive lateral area. However, few studies have investigated how far multi-Tx coils can increase the transfer distance. In this paper, we analyze the transfer distance and lateral coverage based on the generalized critical coupling condition and system energy efficiency according to the number of additional Tx coils in the MISO WPT system. The results demonstrate that the MISO WPT system using planarly arranged Tx coils improves by barely 1% in the optimal transfer distance, which achieves the maximum output power condition in a single-Tx WPT system. To validate our analysis, the MISO WPT system with seven Tx coils and seven LCC inverters was implemented and its performance was assessed. The measured results agreed well with the theoretically calculated results.