Basic Concepts Research Articles

Industrial Sufficiency: A Conceptual Methodological Framework

Implementing sustainability strategies is essential for the future viability of companies. While companies have been focusing intensively on the operationalization of efficiency and consistency for quite some time, sufficiency approaches are rare. As a result, there is a lack of fundamental understanding of the concept, its inherent potential, as well as a lack of basic implementation concepts for strategies, management systems, and product and process development. Based on a literature review using Scopus and Web of Science according to the PRISMA approach, this paper develops a definition for the concept of industrial sufficiency and presents three general industrial sufficiency strategies (frugality, longevity, and specificity) regarding three distinct business determinants (product, production, and business model). The investigation shows that not only can there be overlaps between the three general sustainability strategies (efficiency, consistency, and sufficiency) but that individual measures are also mutually dependent at different levels. In addition, significant conflicts of objectives for implementation in industrial practice are revealed.

Comparison of Accident Prevention Procedures and Safety Management Systems At Commercial Air Transport Operator and ATO

This article focuses on the prevention of aviation accidents and incidents. It starts by defining the basic concepts and the regulatory basis, the current methods of prevention at the state and air operator level.The main part of the paper contains a detailed analysis of the Safety Management System (SMS) of the air transport company and the ATO/DTO training organisation. The analysis is supplemented by guided interviews with safety personnel and a comparison of the two safety management systems. The information gathered is used to suggest possible improvements in operational safety, which are explained in the final part of the paper.

Optimization method of task uninstallation in mobile edge computing environment combining improved deep Q-learning and transmission learning

Traditional task uninstallation methods are difficult to cope with the continuous changes in network environment and device status, therefore a more intelligent solution is urgently needed. This article studied the optimization method of task uninstallation in mobile edge computing (MEC) environment, and studied the optimization method of task uninstallation in combination with improved deep Q-learning and transmission learning (TL). Firstly, it provided an overview of the basic concepts and optimization problems of task uninstallation in MEC environments, and then delved into the application of improved deep Q-learning in task uninstallation optimization, namely the application of deep Q-network (DQN) in task uninstallation optimization. Next, this article designed the TL-DQN method by combining DQN and TL. This method utilizes the DQN algorithm to construct a model that can handle complex states and action spaces. Meanwhile, by introducing TL, the model can quickly transfer knowledge and achieve adaptive optimization of tasks in new environments, thereby improving the generalization ability and efficiency of the decision-making process. Experiments have shown that TL-DQN performs better in convergence speed compared to other algorithms. For delay sensitive users, the delay growth of TL-DQN algorithm is relatively slow. When the task volume reached 10, the delay of TL-DQN was 7.97 s, which was 1.99 s lower than reinforcement learning. When the number of unloading tasks increased to 500, the energy consumption of TL-DQN was 554 J, which was 282 J lower than the energy consumption required by the task uninstallation method constructed by reinforcement learning algorithms. The task uninstallation method studied in this article has achieved significant results in reducing latency, improving energy efficiency, and adapting to network dynamic changes, bringing users a more stable and reliable service experience.

How do residents perceive the integration of basic science concepts in case-based learning presentations?

How do residents perceive the integration of basic science concepts in case-based learning presentations?

Memahami Konsep Dasar Organisasi dan Manajemen

Nowadays, organization and management are very important in almost every field of human life. Therefore, in order to live this life well, we should have understood the basic concepts of organization and management first. The purpose of this research is to be able to know and understand the basic concepts in organization and management in detail and clearly. The research method used is descriptive qualitative research method with literature study data collection technique. The results of this study include the basic concepts of organization, which are as follows: (1) definition, (2) purpose, (3) elements, and (4) types of organizations. In addition, the results of this study also include the basic concepts of management, namely as follows: (1) definition, (2) elements, (3) scope, (4) objectives, (5) functions, (6) processes, (7) general principles, along with (8) types in management. The conclusion of this research is that organization and management have a close relationship because management is an important element in the success of an organization.

Features and directions of the creative economy development: Chinese experience

The article systematizes the basic concepts in the creative economy, key factors of its effectiveness and the importance of organizational approaches for the social development of the state. Using China as an example, it is shown that its success is due to the significant role of the state, the use of advanced world experience in the formation of a post-industrial economy and its adaptation to achieve national goals. There are analyzed the main features of cultural industries and the characteristic features of cultural production. The advantages of creative industries in promoting national economic transformations, stimulating economic growth and creating jobs are revealed.

Avaliação da aprendizagem no ensino superior em saúde

Learning assessment is an important pedagogical component interconnected to teaching. Assessment supports the teacher in guiding the teaching-learning process. Based on its attributes, methods, and functions (formative, summative, and informative), assessment adds information about student performance and guides the decisions of educational institutions. This article presents basic concepts of learning assessment, integrating them historically within the context of education through pedagogical approaches, paradigms, and perspectives specifically within the health field in higher education. Reflecting on the historical changes in health higher education, it becomes evident that assessment needs to be recognized as a mechanism for regulating education while promoting and solidifying curricular restructuring.

Pathogenic Bacteria Caused Urinary Tract Infections: A Review

The urinary system is one of the most vital organs susceptible to infection; especially bacterial ones. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) mean colonization of urinary tracts by pathogenic microorganisms leading to inflammation of urinary system. In this study, we review the basic concepts of the most important pathogenic microbes infected this system. Enterobacteriaceae is a large group of Gram-negative bacillus bacteria that are naturally found as commensals in the intestine and are pathogenic and opportunistic, exploiting any opportunity to cause many infections, and they are the main cause of urinary tract infections. Uropathogenic E. coli strain causes approximately 90% of UTIs. Besides, Klebsiella pneumoniae represents most important pathogenic bacteria causing diseases, especially UTIs in children. It was found, that severity of this infection mainly related with virulence of causative bacteria as well as the host’s immune system.

PELATIHAN STEAM UNTUK MEMBANGUN KREATIVITAS DAN INOVASI ANAK SD DI SDN 1 PERAMPUAN KABUPATEN LOMBOK BARAT

STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts and Mathematics) training at SDN 1 Perampuan, West Lombok, aims to improve the creativity, innovation and critical thinking skills of grade 4 students. Through an interactive and practical approach, this training involves students in experiments simple and collaborative projects, allowing them to integrate various disciplines. This activity will be carried out in September 2024 using observation, experimentation, collaborative projects and feedback-based evaluation methods. Initial observations are carried out to identify learning needs and challenges, followed by preparation of materials and tools. The training involved an introduction to basic STEAM concepts, simple experiments such as building a mini volcano, technology development through basic coding, and the integration of art and mathematics in bridge design. Each session features a collaborative project, where students work in groups to apply the knowledge they have gained. Evaluation is carried out through project presentations and providing feedback to improve and enhance student skills. The results of the training showed high student enthusiasm, as well as increased understanding of basic STEAM concepts. Final project evaluations provide constructive feedback, encouraging students to continue learning and applying STEAM concepts in everyday life. With the support of the STEAM guidebook, this training is expected to have a long-term impact on educational development in the West Lombok area, preparing students to face future challenges with the necessary 21st century skills.

PANDANGAN FILSAFAT TERHADAP ILMU KEOLAHRAGAAN PADA PENDIDIKAN GENERASI Z

Philosophy of Sport is a branch of philosophy that analyzes the concept of sport as part of human activity. In its development, the philosophy of sport discusses metaphysics and ethical and moral philosophy. This study aims to understand the basic concept of the philosophy of sports science in Generation Z Education. It uses a literature study method with secondary data collection from books and scientific articles. The results of this literature research show the importance of conducting research in the form of searching for information about sports today from the perspective of sports philosophy. Philosophy and education are closely related to making each individual aware of constructive critical thinking. In line with that, learning activities in sports for Generation Z must prioritize cooperation and minimize unsportsmanlike competition for mutual progress. Generation Z must have the motivation to support the quality of sports education. So, every Generation Z needs to make sports philosophy a foundation in learning practices.

Enhancing Disease and Management Knowledge Among Black Americans With Asthma or Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD).

Lack of knowledge contributes to disparate outcomes among Americans with asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study assessed the impact of an educational intervention on disease knowledge and management in Black Americans with asthma or COPD. Pre-post study design with 9-month follow-up. Urban church community. Black American adults (N = 38) with self-reported asthma (18) and COPD (20), of which 76.3% (N = 29) completed the intervention. The Asthma COPD (ACOPD) Workshop consisted of three 1-hour classes focused on disease knowledge and management behaviors (physical activity, nutrition, and avoiding triggers) delivered in 16 sessions over six months. Knowledge questionnaire. McNemar's tests for paired proportions. Knowledge of disease concepts increased post-intervention, then decreased at the 9-month follow-up. There was a significant difference in the proportion of participants that provided correct answers to questions about 'two diseases that constitute COPD' (P = .04), 'main cause of COPD' (P = .01), 'written action plan' (P = .04), and 'untrue statement about asthma,' (P = .02). The ACOPD Workshop increased knowledge of basic disease concepts, risk factors, and management. Regular delivery of educational sessions in the community can support knowledge retention and practice of healthy behaviors.

EFEKTIVITAS PENGGUNAAN PROYEKTOR DALAM PENGAJARAN BAHASA INGGRIS PADA PENDIDIKAN ANAK USIA DINI

This study investigates the effectiveness of using projectors for teaching English in early childhood education, focusing on teachers' perceptions, the impact on student attention and understanding, and the challenges encountered. Technological advancements, particularly the use of projectors, have been shown to enhance educational experiences by making lessons more engaging and interactive. This research employed a qualitative descriptive method, interviewing 12 kindergarten teachers in Tangerang to gather insights on their experiences with projectors. Findings indicate that teachers generally view projectors positively, appreciating their ability to capture students' attention and facilitate comprehension of basic English concepts. Projectors are effective in providing clear visual content and supporting multisensory learning, but their impact is influenced by factors such as the teacher's proficiency, content relevance, and classroom environment. Challenges include limited availability of projectors, inadequate technical training, and difficulties in maintaining young children's attention. The study underscores the need for improved access to technology, better teacher training, and thoughtful integration of projectors into teaching practices. Future research should explore the long-term effects of projector use and develop best practices for their implementation in early childhood education.

Mapping Disciplinary Competencies and Learning Outcomes to the Competency-Based Veterinary Education Framework Using Veterinary Pharmacology as an Example.

The competency-based veterinary education (CBVE) framework describes essential domains of competence and related abilities for veterinary graduates. Translating these outcomes into daily teaching is a challenge, particularly regarding the underpinning basic and clinical science knowledge. In this article, we identified a lack of specific reference to the selection and use of drugs within the CBVE framework; this requires pharmacological knowledge and pharmacology-specific competencies. To fill the gap and provide guidance to veterinary pharmacology educators, we first identified competencies within the CBVE framework relevant to the field of veterinary pharmacology. We then mapped the Day One competencies in veterinary pharmacology published by Werners and Fajt in 2021 to the pharmacology-relevant CBVE competencies. This exercise has led to identifying gaps, redundancies, and a lack of reference to clinical practice within the Day One competencies in veterinary pharmacology, as well as gaps and ambiguous wording within the CBVE framework. Further research is necessary to update the Day One competencies in veterinary pharmacology, align basic and clinical pharmacology concepts and skills with the CBVE framework, embed pharmacology-specific competencies into teaching, and identify progression milestones that guide students toward safe prescribing and the appropriate and effective use of drugs.

Development of Entrepreneurship Textbooks Using Project-Based Learning for Economic Education Graduate Students

The S2 Economics Education Study Program produces graduates who can have a career as educators in the field of Economic Education and can have a career as Entrepreneurs and Practitioners in the field of Economics. The Entrepreneurship Studies course provides insight to students about the basic concepts of the economy, merketing, and interaction between economic actors so that students are able to understand the issues that occur and are able to solve the entrepreneurial problems they are facing. Entrepreneurship Studies lecture activities so far still tend to lecture activities by lecturers. This causes student participation in discussion activities to be limited. The purpose of the research is to develop a 4-D learning model in the Entrepreneurship Studies course to develop learning tools supported by project-based learning modules to improve the quality of learning so as to produce graduates with high economic insight and problem-solving skills. This study uses a 4-D instructional design development model which includes the stages of define, design, develop, disseminate. Data collection uses validation techniques and questionnaires with instruments including graph validation sheets, material validation sheets and student response questionnaires

PERANCANGAN CINEMA CENTER DI JEMBRANA

Cinema Center namely the building which is the center of film activities. In January 2023 Indonesia has 500 cinema units with an increase in the number of viewers by 15.4% from year to year previously. However, the distribution of screens is still considered uneven, because it is not affordable reaching small towns in every existing district/city, including on the island of Bali. Jembrana became strategic location for building construction cinema new, apart from due to public interest strong towards film, Jembrana also does not have entertainment facilities such as cinemas. The purpose of This research includes feasibility studies, design specifications, basic concepts and design themes. This research uses a qualitative descriptive approach with data collection methods in the form of observation and literature. Data processing in the form of data reduction, data presentation, drawing conclusions, synthesis and transformation methods. The design results for the Cinema Center in Jembrana refer to the concept a recreational and educational basis with an architectural theme, namely Green Architecture to support environment. This facility was built on a land area of 10,838.24 m² in Jl. Udayana no. 1, Baluk, Jembrana with space requirements of 13,005.88 m². The design of the cinema center in Jembrana takes into account the design concepts that have been prepared, including the site design concept, building design concept, structure and materials concept and utility concept

Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Toward Antibiotic Use in Food-Producing Animals Among University Students in Seven Cities in Southern and Central China: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: The misuse of antibiotics in both humans and food-producing animals poses significant risks to human health and contributes to the rise of antibiotic resistance. Raising public awareness is crucial to managing antibiotic resistance, particularly among university students, as they represent a future force in tackling this global issue. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from July 2022 to May 2024 in seven cities in Southern and Central China to assess university students’ knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding antibiotic use in humans and food-producing animals. Binary logistic regression was used to identify associated factors. Results: A total of 6357 students from 72 universities participated. Less than half of the students answered the knowledge items appropriately. Only 21.47% to 29.98% had a proper understanding of basic antibiotic concepts and their use in humans and food-producing animals. Respectively, 21.49% and 28.50% students paid attention to antibiotic content in food from food-producing animals and refused to buy food containing antibiotics. Factors associated with higher knowledge, attitude, and practice total scores included being male, being of older age, having a postgraduate education, majoring in the medical science discipline, studying at a double-first-class university, having a higher family monthly income, having parents in the medical area, and using antibiotics in the past year (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Given students’ insufficient knowledge—particularly in identifying antibiotics and understanding their functions—and inappropriate practices related to purchasing food from food-producing animals, targeted education programs are suggested. These programs should address the fundamental concepts of antibiotic use in both humans and food-producing animals while providing practical guidance on individual behaviors to help mitigate antibiotic resistance.

PENGUKURAN EKSISTING BANGUNAN BALI DENGAN KETINGGIAN TERTENTU MELALUI METODE MODUL MATERIAL BANGUNAN, PHYTAGORAS DAN 3D MODELING STUDI KASUS BANGUNAN BALE BANJAR TENGANAN, BALI

Balinese building concepts such as nawa sanga, tri mandala, Tri Angga and others are the basic concepts for Balinese buildings in the past and present. One concept that is often found in Balinese buildings is the tri angga concept, this concept reflects the feet, body and head of the building. Balinese buildings always have feet (foundation), body (wall) and head (roof) in each building, this has also become an official regulation of the Balinese government requiring buildings that want to have a building permit must have the Tri Angga concept. Many old Balinese buildings have the tri angga concept, but it is very unfortunate that old Balinese buildings have begun to be abandoned, dismantled and renovated to the current era. This problem is caused by the existing old Balinese buildings not having technical drawing data that can be used as a basis for buildings to be renovated. People prefer buildings to be dismantled and replaced with new buildings because it will be easier to build new buildings than to renovate old buildings without technical drawings. The problem of why old buildings do not have technical drawings is because the building measurement process requires many people and must be measured manually to the top of the building. Many costs will be incurred for one building resulting in this measurement process not being carried out. This problem becomes the mindset of the purpose of this research. The purpose of this research is to find the development of measurement methods, from manual methods to easy-to-do measurement coding systems. In this study, quantitative methods will be used with the help of material modules, Pythagorean formulas and 3D methods. The results of this study found that old Balinese buildings can be measured from the angle of the building, using material modules can calculate the distance from the structure, and the Pythagorean geometry formula is the key to this measurement scheme.

Basic concepts about pathogenesis and therapy of vulvar lychen sclerous

The article describes the main links in the etiopathogenesis, clinical picture, diagnosis and treatment of lichen sclerosus, and in particular vulvar lichen sclerosus (VLS). The main etiopathogenetic concepts of the occurrence of VLS are presented, existing modern methods of treatment for VLS are presented, among which priority is given to minimally invasive treatment methods.

Critical Analysis of Foundational Healthcare Practices in Diverse Settings

Healthcare delivery systems vary depending on the economies, cultures, and infrastructures of the regions of the globe. Healthcare practices across various contexts should be used as building blocks of basic healthcare systems and concepts to design better healthcare systems. This paper critically evaluates essential healthcare practices in various contexts because it considers HICs, LMICs, and rural or remote regions. Based on a combination of case studies, review articles and evidence-based literature, this analysis assesses fundamental tenets of healthcare delivery: accessibility, quality, and sustainability. The paper focuses on modern and emerging healthcare modalities and discusses issues that are relevant today, including disparities and inequalities, shortage of resources, and human capital. This evokes a discussion of technology, public health policies, and global health programs before providing the authors’ suggestions for advancing health care globally.

Preparing patient navigators and assessing the impact of patient navigation in promoting cervical cancer screening uptake, knowledge, awareness, intention, and health beliefs: a protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

There are limited studies in Tanzania concerning the modality of preparing patient navigators and the influence of patient navigation strategies on cervical cancer screening. This protocol describes the preparation of patient navigators and assesses the impact of a patient navigation strategy on promoting cervical cancer screening uptake, knowledge, awareness, intention, and health beliefs. This is a protocol for a community-based randomized controlled trial. The method is categorized into two phases. (1) Preparing patient navigators, which will involve the training of five patient navigators guided by a validated training manual. The training will be conducted over three consecutive days, covering the basic concepts of cervical cancer screening and guiding navigators on how to implement a patient navigation strategy in the communities. (2) Delivering a patient navigation intervention to community women (COMW) which will involve health education, screening appointments, navigation services, and counseling. The study will recruit 202 COMW who will be randomized 1:1 by computer-based blocks to either the patient navigation intervention group or the control group. The study will prove that the trained patient navigators are easily accessible and offer timely and culturally acceptable services to promote cervical cancer screening uptake in communities.