Basic Categories Research Articles

Dozhin rituals in the system of traditional culture of the Eastern Slavs: ethnolinguistic components in semiotic analysis aspect

We pay particular attention to the consideration of semantic components of the dozhin ritual (“beard curling” ritual) as an ethnolinguistic text, which are the ontological foundations of the agrarian complex of traditional culture system of the Eastern Slavs. We give a description of the “beard curling” ritual in the form of representation of actional blocks using the basic categories of semiotic analysis, an interpretation of the meaning of symbolic semiotic structures in the form of a layout of symbolic components. The field materials presented by us are both an indicator of the All-Russian context and the specific area itself – the Central Black Earth Region, in particular, Tambov region, and demonstrate the echoes and originality of functioning of constituent compo-nents of the dozhinochny ritual. The texts of this rite, incantatory elements, actional components turn out to be quite many-sided and diverse. The explanation of ritual’s ethnolinguistic compo-nents in the folk environment shows how the people interpret the contexts of its origin and devel-opment. The actual symbolic representation is shown in the sacred context of all symbolic semes, which emphasizes their ontological nature. The sacredness of the ritual is represented in the sym-bolism of significant semes: the “beard” in this case is an ethnolinguistic metaphor for the Chris-tian appeal to God, a prayer for the future harvest.

БОЛАШАҚ МҰҒАЛІМДЕРДІ ОҚУШЫЛАРДЫҢ ШЫҒАРМАШЫЛЫҚ ӘЛЕУЕТІН ДАМЫТУҒА ДАЯРЛАУ

On the basis of interdisciplinary analysis, the article defines the research position regarding the definition of the basic categories of the problem under study and the author's interpretation of the concept of "preparing future teachers for the development of the creative potential of schoolchildren", reveals its essence and component composition. As a result of the analysis of the literature on the research topic, the experience of teachers of higher educational institutions and the work of teachers of secondary schools, a model of preparing future teachers for the development of the creative potential of schoolchildren is constructed. Studying the theoretical material, the author considers it in the following sequence: the concept of "potential", "creative potential" and its development. The work shows that potential, as a general scientific term, was introduced by Aristotle, the definition was given by many researchers. They consider potential to be a latent possibility that has sufficient power to manifest under certain conditions. The author agrees that the potential includes not only the resources and reserves of the individual, but also those neoplasms that develop in the process of socialization, learning both at school and at university. The article develops a methodology for preparing future teachers to develop the creative potential of schoolchildren. The data of the pedagogical experiment are also presented, the essence and content of the main stages of experimental work are revealed, qualitative and quantitative processing of the results is carried out.

Structural Elements of the Organizational and Economic Mechanism of Corporate Management of Joint-Stock Companies

The article examines the essence of the concepts “economic mechanism”, “economic mechanism”, “organizational-economic mechanism”, “management mechanism”, “economic management mechanism”, “corporate management mechanism” based on the coverage of the opinions of scientists. The composition of the elements of organizational and economic mechanisms of corporate management based on a systemic approach has been clarified. The characteristics of the main elements and processes of their implementation are substantiated. Interrelationships of the main elements of the organizational and economic mechanism of corporate governance in the corporation’s management system are determined. It is proposed to combine the necessary elements into the integration mechanism, as the most effective for consolidating the factors of the unstable external and internal environment of the functioning of corporations. The development of the management mechanism is based on a combination of dynamic, functional and structural approaches. The relationship between the mechanisms of corporate integration and the rest of the management mechanisms is defined, in the framework of which the distribution of levers and tools for the implementation of managerial influence is reflected. The evidence of the development is confirmed by the semantic analysis of the basic categories of the chosen field of research. The scheme of the process of harmonizing the control contours of each of the selected mechanisms is substantiated.

ФІНАНСОВИЙ ПОТЕНЦІАЛ ЗАКЛАДІВ ВИЩОЇ ОСВІТИ УКРАЇНИ: ЕКОНОМІЧНА ПРИРОДА, ПРОБЛЕМИ ТА МОЖЛИВОСТІ ЗРОСТАННЯ

The article is devoted to highlighting the economic nature of financial potential, as an economic category that reflects the financial aspects of the economic activity of economic entities in general and higher education institutions in particular. The purpose of the article is to generalize scientific views, their systematization and the development of methodological approaches to the comprehensive study of financial potential of higher education institutions of Ukraine. The tasks of the publication are the application of comparative and systemic approaches in the study of financial potential, the identification of its relationship with finance as a basic category of financial science based on the use of key categories of the theory of knowledge, clarification the place of financial potential in the list of definitions of economic science and its role in the organization of economic activity at various levels of economic management, finding opportunities for practical growth based on improving the organization of educational activities and modernizing the financial system, developing proposals for improving the management of financial activities of higher education institutions based on the use of estimated (forecast, planned) and actual (reporting) indicators of financial potential. In the process of researching the financial potential as an economic phenomenon, its close connection with the economic power of the main activity of economic (institutional) units of the economy was revealed. For non-financial corporations - this is production activity, for institutions of higher education - this is educational and scientific (scientific and technical) activity. All other types of economic activity are of an additional (secondary, service) nature. Their organization must be directed to the full realization of the capacities of the main activity, which should contribute to increasing the efficiency of economic activity as a whole. Based on the analysis of statistical data regarding the activities of higher education institutions, it was found that the possibilities of increasing their financial potential during 2010-2020 steadily decreased, which is explained by a significant reduction, for various reasons, in the number of students. Overcoming the problem of lack funds, due to the increase in tuition fees, also seems problematic, since the income and expenses of higher education institutions are mainly formed outside their main activity, namely in the plane of the financial system, the modernization of which in line with the best world standards is gaining special importance.

Sens pracy pedagogicznej a poczucie sprawstwa nauczycieli – szkolnych liderów. Relacja z pierwszej fazy projektu Erasmus+ Getting Heads Together

The Meaning of Pedagogical Work and the Teachers’- School Leaders’ Agency: a Summary of the First Phase of the Getting Heads Together Erasmus+ Project. The aim of the article is to present and to summarize the first phase of the Getting Heads Together (GHT) project, implemented under the Erasmus+ program in cooperation with seven institutions from five European countries. The aim of the project is to develop a transformational model for school leadership development, on the basis of which a school leadership development program will be created to support school leaders’ sense-making capability, a subject that has not been sufficiently included in school leadership developmental programs so far. The article briefly introduces the basic categories on which the development program will be based and their understanding in the context of the GHT projectIt indicates those elements of school reality addressed by the GHT project that may be related to teachers’ agency and self-efficacy.

Страхование как инструмент снижения финансовых рисков, связанных с поствакцинальными осложнениями

Population’s participation in vaccination for immunization against infectious diseases entails not only the risks of harm to health, but also financial risks. Unfavorable financial consequences of immunization can arise due to refusals from vaccinations and the development of postvaccinal complications. The problem of the discrepancy between the volume of state social support provided to citizens and the material consequences of vaccination actualizes the role of insurance in reducing the corresponding financial risks. The authors found that insurance companies on the Russian market offer financial coverage that is larger than that provided for by the state guarantees of social security for the vaccinated. However, the offers on the market have a number of serious limitations that impede the ability of interested parties to have the content of insurance coverage that would meet their expectations. At present, in insurance practice, formulations such as “serious complications”, “postvaccinal reactions and complications”, “complications, side effects, and other health disorders as a result of vaccination”, “complications arising after vaccination”, “conditions that have emerged since the moment of vaccination” are used in the formation of relevant programs, which significantly complicates the understanding of insurance conditions by the insurance services’ recipient and makes it difficult to compare the content of different programs in order to form optimal consumer preferences. Each insurance company fills the programs’ content with its own meaning so that quite often the amount of insurance coverage does not correlate with the list of side effects that occur after immunization accepted in medicine. Violation of industry standards in terms of the volume of disclosed information is allowed, which casts doubt on the quality of the insurance services provided. The authors propose to unify the approach to determining the basic categories for this type of insurance in order to remove the existing multivariance allowed by insurers in the development and further commercialization of insurance programs. Contribution of the authors: the authors contributed equally to this article. The authors declare no conflicts of interests.

Logic of Sense: 2021 Version

Logic of sense is presented as a theoretical approach which avoids the “hard problem of consciousness” pitfall. The logic of sense theory objective is to follow the consciousness development “from inside”, as an answer to the question “how can we explain the consciousness and its content on the basis of itself with no dogmatic presupposition”. Nothing is accepted, however evident or complying with common sense it may seem, if not justified from that point of view. The basic categories of the logic of sense are introduced: smysl (sense), smyslopolaganiye (sense positing), tselostnost’ (integrity, wholeness), svyaznost’ (coherence, linkage) and others, and its main theses are argued for. The pure principle of consciousness could not have been disclosed without a close scrutiny of the millennia-old non-Western big cultures which unfold, in the course of their history, the non-Western versions of consciousness, thus testifying to plurality, and not universality, of reason. The philosophy of mind, as well as philosophy on the whole, remained so far limited by the initial set of dogmatically accepted presuppositions which they could not get rid of, erroneously taking them as having no alternative. Hence the importance of an attentive study of big cultures as a precious experience of unfolding the reason alternative to the version which lies at the basis of the philosopher’s native big culture. The main lines of a logic-and-meaning study of the big Arab-Islamic culture are discussed and its results are analyzed. The principal one is the discovery of process logic (P-logic, not to be confused with what is meant by this expression in contemporary Western philosophy) as an alternative to substance logic (S-logic) which lies at the basis of the big European culture. Any of the variety of the logics of sense is first and foremost the logic of predication, i.e., the way of defining the epistemic chain unfolding itself as the technology of the subject-predicate glue-together, which explains the coherence of human consciousness at the traditionally defined levels of sense perception, speech ability and reason. The results of implementing the logic-and-meaning approach in psychology are described. The objectives of further development of the logic-and-meaning project are sketched.

Wprowadzenie do zagadnienia posłuszeństwa konstytucyjnego

The time of changes taking place in the constitutional order, both constitutional and fait accompli changes, is undoubtedly an interesting opportunity for in-depth analyses. These analyses can be made from various perspectives. The authors focus on three basic perspectives – that of law, philosophy and political science – in order to investigate what they refer to as constitutional fidelity. The limited framework of the paper only permits providing an introduction to the subject. In this text, the authors indicate the basic categories of constitutional fidelity, reflect on the dimensions of this fidelity, and try to propose a solution to the puzzle of the future of Polish constitutionalism. The entire analysis repeatedly refers to sociological and, to some extent, psychological categories, because constitutional fidelity is, first of all, a proper civic attitude and a relationship, the awareness of which is often only discovered at a moment of crisis.

Importance of Triguna in Healthy Lifestyle

Ayurveda the most ancient science of life, practiced in India for thousands of years based on its own unique fundamental principles such as prevention of disease, maintenance of health and promotion of health. Trayopasthambaconsists of Ahara (food), Nidra (Sleep) and Brahmacarya (good conducts). EachUpasthambahas its own importance in the prevention of disease. Various ancient texts of Yoga, Ayurveda and Puranas talk about the Gunas related to health, behavior and its effect of the personality in different ways.The concept of Gunadates back to Atharvaveda, it was discussed in Bhagawad Gita.The concept of Trigunahas been utilized to explain the concept of personality in modern era as well. The development of consciousness is apparently rooted in this concept of Triguna. These are known as sattvacalled as stability; Rajascalled as activation and Tamascalled as inertia. By quantifying those differences in thoughts, one can come to a conclusion where Gunasas a part of personality trait can be studied as aetiology for being diseased or disease free. It helps in building an individual’s personality, depending upon the predominance of Gunas (Sattva, Rajas, and Tamas). Ancient Yogic science classified food in to three basic categories called the SatvikAhara, RajasicAharaand Tamasic Aharabased on their influence on Triguna of mind. In equilibrium, the three Gunas preserve the mind (and indirectly the body), maintaining it in a healthy state or in a state of equilibrium. Any disturbance in this equilibrium results in various types of mental disorders.

Improving Community Education on Fish Consumption Using Social Behavior Change Communication (SBCC)

Purpose: This study aims to uncover the behavioral segmentation variables that differentiate the problems relating to adoption barriers to fish in-home consumption, which can be used when designing an effective and efficient community education program. Design/methodology/approach: The study uses an ethnographic approach with various data collection methods, including expert interviews and focus group discussions with both businesses and government institutions in the fisheries domain, direct observation of Gemarikan (Social Activities for promoting fish consumption) and in-depth interviews with program targets. The results of each method of data collection are discussed in this study. Findings: The study provides evidence that a one-size-fits-all education program is not a solution as not all consumers need to be educated in the same way, by using the social behavior change communication (SBCC) framework to understand the program’s effectiveness. The study focuses on behavior-based segmentation variables by grouping consumers according to a more homogeneous categorization in terms of problems or consumer needs. The results revealed two characteristic consumer variables that influence the likelihood of someone eating fish at home: (1) childhood experiences and (2) cooking skills. These two variables are linked to a previously discovered behavior-based variable: tier-based adoption barriers in the consumer journey. Using these three variables, an integrative typology of consumers was systematically created. Research limitations/implications: The study provides a newly designed integrative typology of consumers that could be used to overcome adoption barriers to fish in-home consumption in various locations. Previous studies have focused on demographic variables, but the use of behavior-based segmentation as the basis of categorization is more relevant to resolve the issues. Originality/value: With this integrative consumer typology, it will be easier for designers of fish consumption education campaigns to identify problems in the target segment and create more contextual activities. To avoid ineffectiveness and inefficiencies, educators need to ensure that resources in educational activities are not wasted by prioritizing the consumer segment that is most open to adopting fish in-home consumption and by postponing programs towards the segment that is least open to doing so.

Трансформації інституціонального середовища розвитку малого та середнього підприємництва

Theoretical and historical perspectives study the logic and dynamics of institutional changes in the deregulation of small and medium-sized enterprises (SME). The paper specifically considers the conditionally and nature of institutional changes in socio-economic systems in the context of leading trends and challenges of our time. These processes are designed for SME development policy. The methods of scientific cognition, analysis and synthesis, logical generalization, deductive technique, complex evaluation, graphics, and others are used. Based on the definition of relationships between the basic categories of institutionalism under the influence of economic changes and the clarification of the functional purpose of the institutional environment to create a favourable “microclimate”, appropriate conditions for activity and development, the process of the institutional environment of SME development formation during the 30 years in Ukraine is generalized. The process mentioned above is divided into three periods: the 1st – since 1991, the intensification of institutional changes in SME development policy when the State Committee of Ukraine for Regulatory Policy and Entrepreneurship Development and the Ukrainian Entrepreneurship Support Fund were established; the 2nd – since 1998, when the SME support system was formed and developed directly during 2000–2011; and the 3rd period – since 2014, when there was stagnation and decline of the constructed SMEs development support system, but there were some isolated, unfortunately, chaotic institutional initiatives during 2018–2020. The scientific novelty lies in the reflection of economic changes in the institutional environment of SME development in Ukraine under the influence of the most fundamental structural socio-economic transformations and global factors: globalization, internationalization (1991–1997), innovative development, socialization, intellectualization of the economy (1998–2013), sustainable development, digitalization (2014–2021). The presented scheme of influence allowed generalizing the tendencies under the influence of which the institutional environment of SME development formed and gave the chance of predicting at the expense of what components and from what sources institutional changes can be expected. Practical significance: the recommendations can be used in forming and implementing of the national and regional targeted programs for SME support and development in Ukraine.

Graphic design as a means of advertising transmission ideas in polygraphy

The purpose of the article is a substantiation of the use of visual images in the form of graphic models in printing advertising, consideration of the basic categories of graphic design in advertising, generalization of theoretical approaches to understanding the essence and content of the visual design of the advertising product. Methodology: analysis, synthesis, generalization. The research methodology consists in the application of general and special methods of cognition, in particular, the author used comparative analysis, synthesis and generalization, terminological, chronological and other research methods, among which a special place is occupied by review-analytical monitoring of publications. The scientific novelty lies in the substantiation of the introduction of the visual image of the text in the layout of the advertising project as a necessary addition to the traditional use of graphics, taking into account the peculiarities of the advertising communication process. This provided an opportunity to generalize and specify the specifics of the development of advertising ideas in printing through graphic design. Conclusions: As a result of the study it was found that the basis of graphic design in advertising is the application in practice of interdisciplinary knowledge and skills, the specifics of figurative expression in the artistic sense of the word. It was also found that the use of means of visualization of verbal and nonverbal information in the creative advertising concept is a very important component when considering the design function as a means of transmitting advertising information in printing. Derivatives that underlie the disclosure of creative advertising ideas with the help of design tools have been identified. Key words: graphic design, visual communication, modeling, advertising, printing, information, visual, images, design, idea, research, information, technique, means, transfer, design, drawing, technique, environment, synthetic, landscape, style, direction, transformation.

ABSOLUTE AND RELATIVE ERRORS IN THE SPEECH OF NATIVE SPEAKERS: DISTINCTION AND TYPES

The article is devoted to the study of the nature of errors made by native speakers of the Russian language as non-native in speech. In the research, the author revised the principles and criteria of errors and mistakes and showed absolute and relative errors along with communicative-significant and communicative-insignificant errors. The research uses the problem-oriented method. It allows you to use the terms of other sciences that give a more accurate understanding of the situation under study. Absolute errors and mistakes should include those errors that are visible and that affect (communicatively significant) or do not affect (communicatively insignificant) understanding of the situation. Relative errors and mistakes should include those errors that are not visible, but that affect the understanding of the situation. The modern linguodidactic system for evaluating errors in speech is based on the detection of only absolute errors. However, the allow of relative errors by speakers sufficiently complicates the social interaction of native speakers of the Russian language and native speakers of the Russian language as non-native, as it arises due to violations in the expression of the basic categories embedded in the Russian language and forming its uniqueness. However, situations where speakers make relative mistakes seriously complicate the social interaction of native speakers of the Russian language and non-native speakers of the Russian language, because it arises due to violations in the expression of basic categories. These categories are embedded in the Russian language and form its uniqueness. Among such categories, the author identifies the categorical expression of absolute and relative characteristic; performance and ineffectiveness of the action; belonging; existence and joint action; modality; completeness and insufficiency of the action. Finally, it was concluded that relative errors most often occur when topics containing the expression of these categories are poorly developed in curricula, textbooks and textbooks. The author concluded that understanding the nature of absolute and relative errors contributes not only to a more complete understanding of the speech of foreigners, but also to the prevention of these errors as a result of processing and adjusting the curriculum. This is necessary for the design of new textbooks and the revision of the evaluation methodology of lingvodidactic testing.

Großraum: teoretyczne uzasadnienie hitlerowskich podbojów czy nowy porządek prawnomiędzynarodowy?

The doctrine of “Great Space” is one of the basic conceptual categories in Carl Schmitt’s extensive and often inconsistent political and legal thought. Studying the extensive research on the life and work of this lawyer, carried out by representatives of various sciences and political orientations, we can get the impression that in comparison with decisionism, the characteristics of a receivership and sovereign dictatorship, looking for analogies between religious and political and systemic concepts referred to as political theology, the figures of the enemy and friend accompanying the Concept of the Political, Großraum remains the least thoroughly investigated. There are at least a few reasons for this, but the most important seems to be the reluctance that is constantly present in many circles, resulting from the strong relationship of this concept with the period of accession to the NSDAP and the conviction that its purpose is only to justify Nazi aggression during the Second World War. Meanwhile, the research problem is much more complex, and the Nazi episode alone in Carl Schmitt’s over 97-year-long life does not provide unambiguous conclusions among the authors who deal with his thought in their scientific works.
 The main purpose of this article is to determine whether the Großraum in fact justifies the Nazi conquests, or whether it may also be legitimate to claim that it is a vision of a new international legal order drawn up by a lawyer closely scrutinizing the surrounding political reality. An attempt to answer this question should be preceded by thorough considerations quoting the jurist’s attitude to the development and the hitherto nature of public international law. In this respect, it is crucial to analyze the breakdown of the ius publicum Europaeum, refer to the essence and purpose of the American Monroe doctrine, as well as thoroughly examine the concept of Großraum, which presents the researcher with a difficult task requiring its verification both politically and legally. The presented analysis will therefore take into account the historical, political, and legal levels and will implement the belief in the comprehensive nature of the issue under study. The final part of the article will include an analysis of the consequences of Großraum doctrine that led to the internment of Schmitt and the trial where the most important is his interrogation by Robert M.W. Kempner. All these issues will bring us closer to establishing the true meaning of the “Great Space” theory and shed new light on research devoted to Schmitt, dubiously described as the “crown jurist of the Third Reich”.

THE ESSENCE AND STRUCTURE OF EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT IN THE CONTEXT OF THE FORMATION OF PARTNERSHIPS OF ADOLESCENTS

The successful formation of partnerships of adolescents is conditioned by certain factors and elements of educational environment, contributing to the formation of motivational-value, cognitive and operational-activity components of personality development of children of this age category. The peculiarities of the influence of this environment have a certain specificity associated with the conditions of formation of its structural components. Due to the action of these elements of the educational environment, certain age characteristics of adolescents are formed, which are necessary to ensure the effective principles of partnership, which will affect personal development and further development of academic achievement. Taking into account the importance of considering the theoretical aspects of determining the characteristics of the educational environment of adolescents, which determines the formation of their partnership, the study of this issue is considered relevant and will ensure the development of scientific thought. The purpose of the article is to systematize the approaches to defining the essence of the concept and structure of the educational environment of adolescents as a sphere of development of their partnership. Research methods applied: a systematic approach, which is used to systematize the provisions of scientific views related to the evaluated issues; comparative method used to compare the approaches of scientists. The study presents a systematization of approaches to defining the essence of the concept and structure of the educational environment of adolescents, which contributes to the development of their partnerships. It is proved that the main essential features of the concept of educational environment of adolescents, which contributes to the development of their partnerships include: structural feature (in the interpretations of the authors, mainly determined by reference to certain components of this phenomenon), performance feature (emphasis on areas of influence - behavior, development of value beliefs, etc.), organizational feature (indication that the subjects of the environment provide active assistance in the development of certain skills, qualities of adolescents), subject-oriented feature, which involves the formation and development of the educational environment of adolescents in the context of subject-subject direction (humanistic approach ). The composition of the conditions for the formation of this phenomenon is determined, which include general categories, in particular: objective, specially (artificially) created, static, dynamic. The interpretation of the studied concept is formulated, which is based on taking into account the list of basic essential features and categories of conditions of formation of the educational environment, which promotes the development of their partnership.

NARRATIVE SPECIFICITY OF THE SHORT STORY "HEY YOU, LITTLE BARRELL..." BY V. VYNNYCHENKO

The paper discusses the methodological potential of narratology that extends beyond the boundaries of traditional poetics taking the text of Volodymyr Vynnychenko’s short story "Hey you, little barrell..." as a case study. G. Genette’s definitions of the basic categories of narratology, such as story, discourse, anachronies, narrator’s types and functions, narrative distance and focalization are discussed. First and foremost, categories and paradigms introduced by G. Genette increase the possibilities of literary analysis. For example, there is no concept of a subject of vision (a focalizer) in traditional poetics. The paradigm of narrative perspective (focalization) developed by G. Genette is very important for studies of the narratives, besides, the narrative technique of modernism without this category is incomprehensible at all. Traditional poetics does not pay enough attention to anachrony, considering it together with other "off-plot elements", although analepsis and prolepsis are neither discursive nor descriptive. G. Genette presents detailed classification of analepsises and prolepsises, that determines the functionality of the analysis in context. Secondly, the paper clarifies, that the method of G. Genette’s narratology is not limited to tracing narrative categories as elements – it is also about their constant interrelation, i.e. the narrative model of the stories.
 Vynnychenko’s short story is analyzed in terms of correlations between telling, showing and talking, as well as displays of character’s discourse and attributive discourse. The artistic viability of anachronies (analepses and prolepses) is examined in the compositional and semantic aspects. The paper focuses on some specific features of Vynnychenko’s narrative style, such as dominance of mimesis over diegesis, as well as narrative distance and the author’s self-elimination by means of focalization (both the internal and external one) that are typical for modernist writing.

Inhibitory Control in Age-Related Hearing Loss

Inhibitory control involves suppression of goal irrelevant information and responses. Emerging evidence suggests alterations in inhibitory control in individuals with age-related hearing loss (ARHL), however, few have specifically studied individuals with mild ARHL. We examined behavioral and event related potential (ERP) differences between 14 older adults with mild ARHL (mean age: 69.43 ± 7.73 years) and 14 age- and education-matched normal hearing (NH, mean age: 66.57 ± 5.70 years) controls on two Go/NoGo tasks: a simpler, basic categorization task (Single Car; SC) and a more difficult, superordinate categorization task (Object Animal; OA). The SC task consisted of exemplars of a single car and dog, and the OA task consisted of exemplars of multiple objects and animals. Participants were required to respond to Go trials (e.g., cars in SC) with a button press, and withhold responses on NoGo trials (e.g., dogs in SC task). Behavioral results revealed that ARHL group had worse accuracy on NoGo trials on the OA task, but not on the SC task. ARHL group had longer N2 latency for NoGo compared to Go trials in the simpler SC Task, but no differences were observed on the OA task between Go and NoGo trials. These findings suggest that more prolonged neural effort in the ARHL group on the SC task NoGo trials may have contributed to their ability to successfully suppress false alarms comparable to the NH group. Overall, these findings provide evidence for behavioral and neural changes in inhibitory control in ARHL.

Developing Culturally Effective Strategies for Chinese to English Geotourism Translation by Corpus-Based Interdisciplinary Translation Analysis

As a new field of translation with its own special genre, geotourism has not yet been firmly established because geotourism translations are currently not of a sufficient professional standard. This situation does not provide geotourists with the genre’s full target of enjoyment, learning and engagement through science popularisation tourism activities. In order to better meet these three definitive purposes in geotourism, this study analyses the three basic categories of geotourism—geological features (GFs), geological processes (GPs) and cultural elements (CEs)—to determine effective strategies of geotourism translation from Chinese into English. Challenges in translation include scientific jargon, language style and cultural gaps. In this article, the advantages of Hu’s Eco-translatology theory are explained and used for minimising translation problems; and the corpus linguistics method, superior for quantitative and qualitative analysis, is utilised. As well, digital auxiliary tools Tmxmall (2014) and Sketch Engine (2003) were employed to facilitate corpus research. Through analysis, effective strategies in each of the key geotourism categories, GFs, GPs and CEs, were identified, shaped and recommended for future translators’ attention. In the results, literal translation, transliteration and free translation, addition and use of official UNESCO names were recommended to render GFs. Division and shift translation, literal translation and shift and division were recommended for GPs. Literal translation, transliteration and free translation and addition were recommended for CEs. Since this is an initial investigation in the genre of geotourism, this study has attempted to build a model platform for future study and wider research in geotourism translation and translation pedagogy for the improvement of geotourism translation quality.

Use of Augmented Reality with Game Elements in Education

This paper reviews the literature and analyzes the research topics on the use of augmented reality technology in education with possible integration of game elements, in order to obtain a synthesis of previous knowledge related to the topic in the period from 2010 to 2020. Fifty-two papers describing different aspects of augmented reality used in the field of education were selected for the analysis. The main conclusions of the systematization and synthesis were: a) five basic thematic categories were identified; b) 2019 was recognized as the year with the largest publication of papers; c) the use of augmented reality in teaching activities, and especially with game elements, improves student efficiency, stimulates attention and interest, brings improvements in collaboration and perception of fun, improves teaching and learning processes and in general encourages innovation and improvement through educational technology.

Dramatyzacja tradycji. Dramaturgiczne konfrontacje z kanonem literackim

The article opens with a statement that dramaturgical creativity, long marginalized by literary studies, has returned to the area of its interest together with its researchers’ use of the achievements of performative and cultural turns. Taking these into account allows us to treat drama as a distinctive literary practice in which the reception of a text is exemplary. As the author claims, with the New Humanities, integrating scattered reading perspectives known to the history of literary studies into the horizons of New Positivity, dramatic studies enrich this standpoint and maintain a critical view making creative use of the antagonism of perspectives, confrontation of attitudes, conflict of qualities or different visions and ideas. The potential tensions revealed in the practice of active reading of a literary text in accordance with the dramatic matrix guarantee the positive effects of each act of engaged reading. The dramatization of tradition is a specific field of critical dialogue between the reader and the existing literary tradition. Three dramatic works by Jan Czapliński are indicated as examples of mediators for this dialogue. The work of this playwright presents and suggests a critical reading of the characters and works of Gabriela Zapolska, Henryk Sienkiewicz and Adam Mickiewicz, leading to the emancipation of their works that is situated beyond the framework of the discursively created, existing canon of contemporary Polish literature and culture. A critical view enriches and updates the canon. Dramatization, which allows the revaluation of existing values, appears as the basic category of contemporary art – revealing existing, usually ineffable conflicts and using them to build new, positive values.